EP1121700B2 - Security relay - Google Patents

Security relay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1121700B2
EP1121700B2 EP99947445A EP99947445A EP1121700B2 EP 1121700 B2 EP1121700 B2 EP 1121700B2 EP 99947445 A EP99947445 A EP 99947445A EP 99947445 A EP99947445 A EP 99947445A EP 1121700 B2 EP1121700 B2 EP 1121700B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
active
contact
spring
spring contacts
contacts
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EP99947445A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1121700A1 (en
EP1121700B1 (en
Inventor
Leopold Mader
Rudolf Mikl
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Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH
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Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/641—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rectilinear movement
    • H01H50/642—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rectilinear movement intermediate part being generally a slide plate, e.g. a card

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a relay having a base body which defines a ground plane, arranged on the body magnet system with coil, core and armature, with at least one NO contact spring pair and at least one NC contact spring pair, each contact spring pair comprises an active and a passive contact spring and wherein each contact spring is fixed perpendicular to the ground plane in the base body and carries at its end remote from the base body a contact piece, and with an actuating slide which is movable parallel to the ground plane and engages each movable contact spring in each case in the vicinity of the contact piece ,
  • Such a relay with positively driven contacts is known from DE 195 40 739 A1.
  • the individual contact springs are arranged isolated from each other, with special design precautions against short circuits are made in the event that replace contact pieces of the contact springs.
  • the active contact springs are guided and actuated below the contact pieces in laterally open slots of a slider.
  • laterally open operating sections change the stability of the slide, so that such slides already tend to warp during manufacture and do not retain the optimum shape accuracy in operation.
  • Another problem with such relay designs is that the force to open the ⁇ ffnerfedern must be overcome at the beginning of the tightening movement of the armature, while the force for closing the normally open contacts arises towards the end of the Ankeranzugsschi.
  • the aim of the present invention is to design a relay of the type mentioned constructively so that the spring characteristic can be better adapted to the characteristic of the magnet system.
  • the relay according to the invention may further be provided that all active contact springs are identical, so that neither the active ⁇ ffnertitlefedern nor the active NO contact springs are biased towards the associated passive contact springs.
  • the normally closed contact springs are then actuated by an armature spring, while the normally open contact springs are actuated by the magnet system.
  • the relay shown in Figures 1 to 6 has a base body 1 of insulating material, which is designed substantially flat and defines a bottom side 10 and with a cap 2 forms a closed housing.
  • the main body 1 has a flat, trough-shaped recess 11 for receiving a magnet system, while the remaining part with upwardly drawn side walls 12, a longitudinal intermediate wall 13 and transverse walls 14 forms two rows of contact carrier chambers 15.
  • These contact carrier chambers 15 are narrowed down slot-shaped to plug-in channels 16 (see Figure 4), to each of the top, perpendicular to the ground plane 10, insertable fixed contact carrier 21 or contact spring carrier 22 record.
  • the fixed contact carrier 21 each form passive at their free ends (or fixed) contact springs 23 with attached fixed contact pieces 24, while on the contact spring supports 22 each active (or movable) contact springs 25 are fixed with attached to the free ends movable contact pieces 26.
  • the magnet system serving to actuate the relay has a U-shaped core yoke 31 with a core leg 32 and a yoke leg 33.
  • a bobbin 34 carries an exciter coil 35 and receives the core leg 32 in an axial passage opening. Since this has a smaller width than the yoke leg 33 because of the limited coil width, an additional flux guide member 36 is inserted together with the core leg 32 in the coil interior. In this way, the iron cross section within the coil is increased as well as the pole face 32a and 36a, with which an armature 37 cooperates.
  • This armature is mounted by means of an armature spring 38 at the free end of the yoke leg 33 and forms with the pole faces 32a, 36a in the usual way a working air gap.
  • Two return legs 39 of the armature spring 38 generate the rest position of the contacts in the non-energized state of the magnet system.
  • the movement of the armature 37 is transmitted via an armature extension 37a to a slider 40 and via this to the active contact springs 25.
  • the slide Since the contact springs are arranged on the side of the magnet system opposite the armature, the slide has a connecting section 41 extending above the coil, to which an actuating section 42 stepped downwards in the direction of the ground plane adjoins.
  • This actuating portion forms with a central longitudinal wall 43 and side walls 44 and transverse walls 45 and 46 respectively frames for each contact spring, these contact springs, with the exception of the respective first passive contact springs 24R and the last passive contact springs 23R and 23A2, in the end of the Actuation portion 42 of the slider 40 are and therefore need not shield to an adjacent contact spring to one side.
  • the active and passive contact springs 25 and 23 are provided in Figure 4 to denote the type of contact with additional designations, ie 23A1, 23A2 for passive contact springs (NO contact springs), 23R for passive normally closed contact springs (NC contact springs), 25A1 and 25A2 for active contact springs (NO contact springs) and 25R for active NO contact springs (NC contact springs).
  • 23A1, 23A2 for passive contact springs NO contact springs
  • NC contact springs passive normally closed contact springs
  • 25A1 and 25A2 for active contact springs
  • 25R for active NO contact springs
  • NC contact springs active NO contact springs
  • transverse walls or barrier walls 46 which respectively separate cooperating active and passive contact springs, each have an approximately semicircular cutout 49 in adaptation to the round contour of the contact pieces.
  • a movable contact piece 26 of the active contact springs 25 is guided in each case.
  • the active contact spring itself can bear close to the blocking wall 46 or a blocking rib 50 protruding from the blocking wall.
  • the slider forms in each case from the side walls 44 inwardly projecting actuating lugs 52 which operate at different heights in each case the active working contact springs and the active normally closed contact springs.
  • the active contact springs are each arranged within the window 47 and guided between the respective locking rib 50 and the associated operating lug 51 or 52 with close play. As a result, all other active contact springs are locked against another switching operation when welding a contact.
  • the assembled magnet system When mounting the relay, the assembled magnet system is first inserted into the recess 11 of the main body 1, wherein the armature spring 38 is secured between the yoke leg 33 and the base body. On the magnet system, the slider 40 is placed with its connecting portion 41, wherein the return legs 39 of the armature spring 38 are hooked into the openings 41 a of the slider. The armature itself is mounted on the yoke leg 33 and hung with its extension 37a in the opening 41b of the slider 40.
  • the contact springs are mounted. In this case, all the contact springs are inserted through the corresponding window 47 and 48 of the slider into the chambers 15 of the body and fastened in the insertion slots 16. All fixed contact carrier 21 with the passive contact springs 23 are the same and straight, so that they can be inserted perpendicular to the ground plane in the body. Also, all active contact springs 25 with their contact spring supports 22 are of the same construction and straight, so that they can be used regardless of their function as normally open contact springs 25A1, 25A2 or normally closed contact springs 25R perpendicular to the ground plane through the associated window 47 of the slider. The slider 40 is held for this purpose against the bias of the armature spring 38 in a central position.
  • the slider In the de-energized state of the magnet system, the slider is pulled by the restoring force of the armature spring 38 in the rest position, that is, in Figure 4 to the right. At this time, the normally-closed contact springs 25R in the relaxed state are pulled to the right in the position shown in Fig. 4 so as to contact the passive resting contact spring 23R.
  • the slider Upon energization of the magnet system, the slider is moved to the left in FIG. 4, the active rest contact spring 25R is lifted off the passive resting contact spring 23R and moved to its open working position by the locking rib 50R. At the same time, the slide with the actuating lugs 51 laterally engages the active working contact springs 25A1 and 25A2 and moves them in the direction of the passive working contact springs 23A1 and 23A2 until the corresponding working contacts are closed.
  • the armature spring 38 restores the idle state, wherein the slider 40 engages laterally of the contact pieces 26R via the actuating lugs 52 and closes the normally closed contacts.
  • active contact springs since all active contact springs are currently formed, they act self-opening. If, for example, an actuating nose 51 or 52 breaks on the slide, the relevant active contact spring (NC contact) opens or it is not closed (in the NO contact). If, on the other hand, the armature spring 38 breaks, all the normally closed contacts (normally closed contacts) open and all NO contacts are no longer closed.
  • the actuating noses 52 for the active normally closed contact springs 25R are substantially higher with respect to the ground plane than the actuating noses 51 for the active working contact springs 25A1 and 25A2.
  • the force-displacement transmission in the work contacts and the normally closed contacts is different. Since the magnet system in each case in the closed state, that is, when tightened or almost tightened anchor, the strongest, while when dropped anchor through the large air gap, the force increases only slowly, must normally be ensured by the dimensioning of the magnet system that the magnet system also Start the Ankeranzugsschi enough force applies to actuate the normally closed contacts in the direction of opening and thereby overcome the restoring force of the armature spring.
  • f denotes the characteristic curve of the summed spring forces and m the characteristic curve of the magnet system.
  • s which represents the armature movement or the movement of the slider 40 between the rest position (in Figure 4 right with the anchor open) and the working position (in Figure 4 left with the anchor closed)
  • the respective mutually effective forces F are plotted.
  • the slider At rest, the slider is, for example, at the point s1 or right, depending on the contact erosion.
  • the force m of the magnet system initially increases only slowly.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

A relay having a base on which is arranged an electromagnetic system that actuates at least one pair of closing contact springs and at least one pair of opening contact springs where actuation is effected by a slide having actuation lugs located at different heights relative to the fixing of the active spring contacts for actuating the active opening spring contacts at a height different from that of the active closing spring contacts so that the characteristic curve of the magnetic system can be better adjusted to that of the spring contacts.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Relais mit einem Grundkörper, der eine Grundebene festlegt, einem auf dem Grundkörper angeordneten Magnetsystem mit Spule, Kern und Anker, mit mindestens einem Schließer-Kontaktfederpaar und mindestens einem Öffner-Kontaktfederpaar, wobei jedes Kontaktfederpaar eine aktive und eine passive Kontaktfeder umfaßt und wobei jede Kontaktfeder senkrecht zur Grundebene stehend in dem Grundkörper befestigt ist und an ihrem von dem Grundkörper entfernten Ende ein Kontaktstück trägt, und mit einem Betätigungs-Schieber, der parallel zur Grundebene bewegbar ist und an jeder beweglichen Kontaktfeder jeweils in der Nähe des Kontaktstückes angreift.The invention relates to a relay having a base body which defines a ground plane, arranged on the body magnet system with coil, core and armature, with at least one NO contact spring pair and at least one NC contact spring pair, each contact spring pair comprises an active and a passive contact spring and wherein each contact spring is fixed perpendicular to the ground plane in the base body and carries at its end remote from the base body a contact piece, and with an actuating slide which is movable parallel to the ground plane and engages each movable contact spring in each case in the vicinity of the contact piece ,

Ein derartiges Relais mit zwangsgeführten Kontakten ist aus der DE 195 40 739 A1 bekannt. Dort sind die einzelnen Kontaktfedern gegeneinander isoliert angeordnet, wobei auch besondere konstruktive Vorkehrungen gegen Kurzschlüsse für den Fall getroffen sind, daß sich Kontaktstücke von den Kontaktfedern ablösen. Bei diesem bekannten Relais werden die aktiven Kontaktfedern unterhalb der Kontaktstücke in seitlich offenen Schlitzen eines Schiebers geführt und betätigt. Seitlich offene Betätigungsabschnitte verändern jedoch die Stabilität des Schiebers, so daß derartige Schieber bereits bei der Herstellung zum Verzug neigen und auch in Betrieb nicht die optimale Formgenauigkeit behalten. Ein weiteres Problem bei derartigen Relaiskonstruktionen besteht darin, daß die Kraft zum Öffnen der Öffnerfedern zu Beginn der Anzugsbewegung des Ankers überwunden werden muß, während die Kraft zum Schließen der Schließerkontakte gegen Ende der Ankeranzugsbewegung anfällt. Da die Kraft eines Elektromagnetsystems aber zu Beginn der Ankeranzugsbewegung gering ist und erst gegen Ende der Anzugsbewegung, wenn der Arbeitsluftspalt nahezu geschlossen ist, stark ansteigt, ist die Aufbringung der Öffnerkraft ein Problem, das in der Regel durch eine starke Dimensionierung des Magnetsystems gelöst wird, wobei diese Überdimensionierung für das Schließen der Schließerkontakte nicht erforderlich wäre.Such a relay with positively driven contacts is known from DE 195 40 739 A1. There, the individual contact springs are arranged isolated from each other, with special design precautions against short circuits are made in the event that replace contact pieces of the contact springs. In this known relay, the active contact springs are guided and actuated below the contact pieces in laterally open slots of a slider. However, laterally open operating sections change the stability of the slide, so that such slides already tend to warp during manufacture and do not retain the optimum shape accuracy in operation. Another problem with such relay designs is that the force to open the Öffnerfedern must be overcome at the beginning of the tightening movement of the armature, while the force for closing the normally open contacts arises towards the end of the Ankeranzugsbewegung. However, since the force of a solenoid system is low at the beginning of the armature tightening movement and only rises sharply toward the end of the tightening movement when the working air gap is almost closed, the application of the opening force is a problem usually solved by a strong dimensioning of the magnet system. this oversizing would not be required for closing the make contacts.

Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Relais der eingangs genannten Art konstruktiv so zu gestalten, daß die Federkennlinie besser an die Kennlinie des Magnetsystems angepaßt werden kann.The aim of the present invention is to design a relay of the type mentioned constructively so that the spring characteristic can be better adapted to the characteristic of the magnet system.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Ziel erreicht mit einem Relais gemäß Patentanspruch 1.According to the invention this object is achieved with a relay according to claim 1.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung eines Schiebers mit unterschiedlichen Angriffspunkten an den Öffnerkontaktfedern bzw. den Schließerkontaktfedern bezüglich deren Einspannung im Grundkörper wird erreicht, daß die Öffnerkontakte mit möglichst geringer Kraft und langem Weg geöffnet werden, während die Schließerkontakte mit kurzem Hebelarm auf kurzem Wege geschlossen werden. Auf diese Weise wird also die für das Öffnen der Öffnerkontakte aufzubringende Kraft an die zu Beginn der Anzugsbewegung geringere Kraft des Magnetsystems angepaßt, während die hohe Magnetkraft am Schluß des Anzugsbewegung des Ankers ausreicht, die Schließerkontakte auf kurzem Wege, also mit geringem Hebelarm, zu betätigen. Das Ergebnis ist eine insgesamt genauere Anpassung der Federkennlinie an die Magnetsystemkennlinie, so daß das Magnetsystem selbst relativ gering dimensioniert werden.The inventive design of a slide with different points of attack on the Öffnerkontaktfedern or the NO contact springs with respect to the clamping in the body is achieved that the Öffnerkontakte be opened with the least possible force and long path, while the NO contacts are closed with short lever arm on short ways. In this way, therefore, the force to be applied for opening the normally closed contacts is adapted to the lower force of the magnet system at the beginning of the tightening movement, while the high magnetic force at the end of the tightening movement of the armature is sufficient to actuate the normally open contacts on a short path, ie with a low lever arm , The result is an overall more accurate adaptation of the spring characteristic to the magnetic system characteristic, so that the magnet system itself are dimensioned relatively small.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Relais kann weiterhin vorgesehen werden, daß alle aktiven Kontaktfedern baugleich sind, so daß weder die aktiven Öffnerkontaktfedern noch die aktiven Schließerkontaktfedern in Richtung auf die zugehörigen passiven Kontaktfedern vorgespannt sind. Die Öffnerkontaktfedern werden dann durch eine Ankerfeder betätigt, während die Schließerkontaktfeder durch das Magnetsystem betätigt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the relay according to the invention may further be provided that all active contact springs are identical, so that neither the active Öffnerkontaktfedern nor the active NO contact springs are biased towards the associated passive contact springs. The normally closed contact springs are then actuated by an armature spring, while the normally open contact springs are actuated by the magnet system.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 ein erfindungsgemäß gestaltetes Relais in Eplosionsdarstellung,
  • Figur 2 das Relais von Figur 1 in zusammengebautem Zustand, mit teilweise ausgeschnittenem Schieber und ohne Kappe, in perspektivischer Darstellung,
  • Figur 3 das Relais von Figur 2 in einer gedrehten perspektivischen Darstellung,
  • Figur 4 das Relais von Figur 1 bis 3 in Seitenansicht, teilweise längsgeschnitten,
  • Figur 5 und 6 den Schieber des Relais von Figur 1 bis 4 in zwei perspektivischen Ansichten und
  • Figur 7 ein Diagramm zur Darstellung des grundsätzlichen Verlaufs der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinien des Magnetsystems und der Federn des Relais.
The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • FIG. 1 shows a relay designed in accordance with the invention in an eplosion representation,
  • 2 shows the relay of Figure 1 in the assembled state, with partially cut out slider and without cap, in perspective view,
  • 3 shows the relay of Figure 2 in a rotated perspective view,
  • FIG. 4 shows the relay from FIGS. 1 to 3 in a side view, partly in longitudinal section,
  • Figures 5 and 6, the slide of the relay of Figure 1 to 4 in two perspective views and
  • Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating the basic course of the force-displacement characteristics of the magnet system and the springs of the relay.

Das in den Figuren 1 bis 6 dargestellte Relais besitzt einen Grundkörper 1 aus Isolierstoff, der im wesentlichen flach gestaltet ist und eine Bodenseite 10 definiert und mit einer Kappe 2 ein geschlossenes Gehäuse bildet. Der Grundkörper 1 besitzt eine flache, wannenförmige Ausnehmung 11 zur Aufnahme eines Magnetsystems, während der übrige Teil mit emporgezogenen Seitenwänden 12, einer Längs-Zwischenwand 13 und Querwänden 14 zwei Reihen von Kontaktträgerkammern 15 bildet. Diese Kontakträgerkammern 15 sind nach unten schlitzförmig zu Steckkanälen 16 verengt (siehe Figur 4), um jeweils von oben, senkrecht zur Grundebene 10, einsteckbare Festkontaktträger 21 oder Kontaktfederträger 22 aufzunehmen. Die Festkontaktträger 21 bilden an ihren freien Enden jeweils passive (bzw. feststehende) Kontaktfedern 23 mit daran befestigten Festkontaktstücken 24, während an den Kontaktfederträgern 22 jeweils aktive (bzw. bewegliche) Kontaktfedern 25 mit an deren freien Enden befestigten beweglichen Kontaktstücken 26 befestigt sind.The relay shown in Figures 1 to 6 has a base body 1 of insulating material, which is designed substantially flat and defines a bottom side 10 and with a cap 2 forms a closed housing. The main body 1 has a flat, trough-shaped recess 11 for receiving a magnet system, while the remaining part with upwardly drawn side walls 12, a longitudinal intermediate wall 13 and transverse walls 14 forms two rows of contact carrier chambers 15. These contact carrier chambers 15 are narrowed down slot-shaped to plug-in channels 16 (see Figure 4), to each of the top, perpendicular to the ground plane 10, insertable fixed contact carrier 21 or contact spring carrier 22 record. The fixed contact carrier 21 each form passive at their free ends (or fixed) contact springs 23 with attached fixed contact pieces 24, while on the contact spring supports 22 each active (or movable) contact springs 25 are fixed with attached to the free ends movable contact pieces 26.

Das zur Betätigung des Relais dienende Magnetsystem besitzt ein U-förmiges Kernjoch 31 mit einem Kernschenkel 32 und einem Jochschenkel 33. Ein Spulenkörper 34 trägt eine Erregerspule 35 und nimmt in einer axialen Durchgangsöffnung den Kernschenkel 32 auf. Da dieser wegen der begrenzten Spulenbreite eine geringere Breite aufweist als der Jochschenkel 33, ist ein zusätzlicher Flußführungsteil 36 zusammen mit dem Kernschenkel 32 in das Spuleninnere eingeschoben. Auf diese Weise wird der Eisenquerschnitt innerhalb der Spule ebenso vergrößert wie die Polfläche 32a bzw. 36a, mit der ein Anker 37 zusammenwirkt. Dieser Anker ist mit Hilfe einer Ankerfeder 38 am freien Ende des Jochschenkels 33 gelagert und bildet mit den Polflächen 32a, 36a in üblicher Weise einen Arbeitsluftspalt. Zwei Rückstellschenkel 39 der Ankerfeder 38 erzeugen die Ruhestellung der Kontakte bei nichterregtem Zustand des Magnetsystems.The magnet system serving to actuate the relay has a U-shaped core yoke 31 with a core leg 32 and a yoke leg 33. A bobbin 34 carries an exciter coil 35 and receives the core leg 32 in an axial passage opening. Since this has a smaller width than the yoke leg 33 because of the limited coil width, an additional flux guide member 36 is inserted together with the core leg 32 in the coil interior. In this way, the iron cross section within the coil is increased as well as the pole face 32a and 36a, with which an armature 37 cooperates. This armature is mounted by means of an armature spring 38 at the free end of the yoke leg 33 and forms with the pole faces 32a, 36a in the usual way a working air gap. Two return legs 39 of the armature spring 38 generate the rest position of the contacts in the non-energized state of the magnet system.

Die Bewegung des Ankers 37 wird über einen Ankerfortsatz 37a auf einen Schieber 40 und über diesen auf die aktiven Kontaktfedern 25 übertragen. Da die Kontaktfedern auf der dem Anker entgegengesetzten Seite des Magnetsystems angeordnet sind, besitzt der Schieber einen sich oberhalb der Spule erstreckenden Verbindungsabschnitt 41, an den sich ein nach unten in Richtung auf die Bodenebene stufenartig abgesetzter Betätigungsabschnitt 42 anschließt. Dieser Betätigungsabschnitt bildet mit einer mittigen Längswand 43 sowie Seitenwänden 44 und Querwänden 45 und 46 jeweils Rahmen für jede einzelne Kontaktfeder, die diese Kontaktfedern, mit Ausnahme der jeweils ersten passiven Kontaktfedern 24R und der jeweils letzten passiven Kontaktfedern 23R und 23A2, die in den Endbereichen des Betätigungsabschnittes 42 des Schiebers 40 liegen und deshalb nach einer Seite jeweils keine Abschirmung zu einer benachbarten Kontaktfeder benötigen.Zur Erläuterung sei hier angemerkt, daß die aktiven und passiven Kontaktfedern 25 und 23 in Figur 4 zur Bezeichnung der Kontaktart mit Zusatzbezeichnungen versehen sind, also 23A1, 23A2 für passive Arbeitskontaktfedern (Schließerkontaktfedern), 23R für passive Ruhekontaktfedern (Öffnerkontaktfedern), 25A1 und 25A2 für aktive Arbeitskontaktfedern (Schließerkontaktfedern) und 25R für aktive Ruhekontaktfedern (Öffnerkontaktfedern). Innerhalb der durch Trennwände 43,44,45 und 46 gebildeten Rahmen des Schiebers 40 sind jeweils Fenster 47 für die aktiven Kontaktfedern sowie Fenster 48 für die passiven Kontaktfedern ausgespart. Die jeweiligen passiven Kontaktfedern 23 und aktiven Kontaktfedern 25 ragen durch diese Fenster 46 bzw. 47 hindurch, so daß sich die Kontaktstücke 24 bzw. 26 tragenden Enden jeweils oberhalb des Betätigungsabschnittes 42 des Schiebers und im wesentlichen innerhalb der durch Trennwände 43,44,45 und 46 gebildeten Rahmen befinden.The movement of the armature 37 is transmitted via an armature extension 37a to a slider 40 and via this to the active contact springs 25. Since the contact springs are arranged on the side of the magnet system opposite the armature, the slide has a connecting section 41 extending above the coil, to which an actuating section 42 stepped downwards in the direction of the ground plane adjoins. This actuating portion forms with a central longitudinal wall 43 and side walls 44 and transverse walls 45 and 46 respectively frames for each contact spring, these contact springs, with the exception of the respective first passive contact springs 24R and the last passive contact springs 23R and 23A2, in the end of the Actuation portion 42 of the slider 40 are and therefore need not shield to an adjacent contact spring to one side. For explanation, it should be noted here that the active and passive contact springs 25 and 23 are provided in Figure 4 to denote the type of contact with additional designations, ie 23A1, 23A2 for passive contact springs (NO contact springs), 23R for passive normally closed contact springs (NC contact springs), 25A1 and 25A2 for active contact springs (NO contact springs) and 25R for active NO contact springs (NC contact springs). Within the frame formed by partitions 43,44,45 and 46 of the slider 40 windows 47 for the active contact springs and window 48 for the passive contact springs are recessed respectively. The respective passive contact springs 23 and active contact springs 25 protrude through these windows 46 and 47, respectively, so that the contact pieces 24 and 26 bearing ends respectively above the operating portion 42 of the slider and substantially within the by walls 43,44,45 and 46 formed frame.

Diejenigen Querwände bzw. Sperrwände 46, welche jeweils zusammenwirkende aktive und passive Kontaktfedern trennen, besitzen jeweils einen annähernd halbkreisförmigen Ausschnitt 49 in Anpassung an die runde Kontur der Kontaktstücke. In diesem Ausschnitt 49 ist jeweils ein bewegliches Kontaktstück 26 der aktiven Kontaktfedern 25 geführt. Dadurch kann die aktive Kontaktfeder selbst nahe an der Sperrwand 46 bzw. einer von der Sperrwand vortretenden Sperr-Rippe 50 anliegen. Außerdem bildet der Schieber jeweils von den Seitenwänden 44 nach innen vorstehende Betätigungsnasen 52, die in unterschiedlicher Höhe jeweils die aktiven Arbeitskontaktfedern bzw. die aktiven Ruhekontaktfedern betätigen. Die aktiven Kontaktfedern sind dabei jeweils innerhalb des Fensters 47 angeordnet und zwischen der jeweiligen Sperr-Rippe 50 und der zugehörigen Betätigungsnase 51 oder 52 mit engem Spiel geführt. Dadurch werden beim Verschweißen eines Kontaktes auch alle übrigen aktiven Kontaktfedern gegen eine weitere Schaltbetätigung gesperrt.Those transverse walls or barrier walls 46, which respectively separate cooperating active and passive contact springs, each have an approximately semicircular cutout 49 in adaptation to the round contour of the contact pieces. In this cutout 49, a movable contact piece 26 of the active contact springs 25 is guided in each case. As a result, the active contact spring itself can bear close to the blocking wall 46 or a blocking rib 50 protruding from the blocking wall. In addition, the slider forms in each case from the side walls 44 inwardly projecting actuating lugs 52 which operate at different heights in each case the active working contact springs and the active normally closed contact springs. The active contact springs are each arranged within the window 47 and guided between the respective locking rib 50 and the associated operating lug 51 or 52 with close play. As a result, all other active contact springs are locked against another switching operation when welding a contact.

Bei der Montage des Relais wird zunächst das zusammengebaute Magnetsystem in die Ausnehmung 11 des Grundkörpers 1 eingesetzt, wobei die Ankerfeder 38 zwischen dem Jochschenkel 33 und dem Grundkörper befestigt wird. Auf das Magnetsystem wird der Schieber 40 mit seinem Verbindungsabschnitt 41 aufgesetzt, wobei die Rückstellschenkel 39 der Ankerfeder 38 in die Durchbrüche 41a des Schiebers eingehängt werden. Der Anker selbst wird dabei am Jochschenkel 33 gelagert und mit seinem Fortsatz 37a in den Durchbruch 41b des Schiebers 40 eingehängt.When mounting the relay, the assembled magnet system is first inserted into the recess 11 of the main body 1, wherein the armature spring 38 is secured between the yoke leg 33 and the base body. On the magnet system, the slider 40 is placed with its connecting portion 41, wherein the return legs 39 of the armature spring 38 are hooked into the openings 41 a of the slider. The armature itself is mounted on the yoke leg 33 and hung with its extension 37a in the opening 41b of the slider 40.

Nach der Montage des Schiebers 40, der mit der Längstrennwand 43 auf der Längswand 13 und mit den Längswänden 44 auf den Seitenwänden 12 des Grundkörpers 1 sitzt, werden die Kontaktfedern montiert. Dabei werden alle Kontaktfedern durch die entsprechenden Fenster 47 und 48 des Schiebers hindurch in die Kammern 15 des Grundkörpers eingesetzt und in den Steckschlitzen 16 befestigt. Alle Festkontaktträger 21 mit den passiven Kontaktfedern 23 sind gleich aufgebaut und gerade, so daß sie senkrecht zur Grundebene in den Grundkörper eingesteckt werden können. Auch alle aktiven Kontaktfedern 25 mit ihren Kontaktfederträgern 22 sind gleich aufgebaut und gerade, so daß sie unabhängig von ihrer Funktion als Arbeitskontaktfedern 25A1, 25A2 oder Ruhekontaktfedern 25R senkrecht zur Grundebene durch die zugehörigen Fenster 47 des Schiebers eingesetzt werden können. Der Schieber 40 wird zu diesem Zweck entgegen der Vorspannung der Ankerfeder 38 in einer Mittelposition gehalten.After mounting the slider 40, which sits with the longitudinal partition wall 43 on the longitudinal wall 13 and with the longitudinal walls 44 on the side walls 12 of the base body 1, the contact springs are mounted. In this case, all the contact springs are inserted through the corresponding window 47 and 48 of the slider into the chambers 15 of the body and fastened in the insertion slots 16. All fixed contact carrier 21 with the passive contact springs 23 are the same and straight, so that they can be inserted perpendicular to the ground plane in the body. Also, all active contact springs 25 with their contact spring supports 22 are of the same construction and straight, so that they can be used regardless of their function as normally open contact springs 25A1, 25A2 or normally closed contact springs 25R perpendicular to the ground plane through the associated window 47 of the slider. The slider 40 is held for this purpose against the bias of the armature spring 38 in a central position.

Alle Kontaktfedern müssen bei dieser Konstruktion von oben durch den bereits montierten Schieber 40 in den Grundkörper eingesteckt werden, weil die Endabschnitte der Kontaktfedern, zumindest die der aktiven Kontaktfedern 25 mit den Kontaktstücken 26 einen größeren Querschnitt aufweisen als die Fenster 47, so daß der Schieber nicht nachträglich von oben über die Kontaktfedern gesteckt werden kann. Durch diese Größenverhältnisse erhält einerseits der Schieber seine Stabilität aufgrund der geschlossenen Rahmen um die Kontaktfedern herum, andererseits kann ein abgebrochenes Kontaktstück nicht durch ein Fenster 47 nach unten in eine Federkammer fallen und dort gegebenenfalls einen Kurzschluß verursachen.All contact springs must be inserted in this construction from above through the already mounted slider 40 in the body, because the end portions of the contact springs, at least the active contact springs 25 with the contact pieces 26 a Have larger cross-section than the window 47, so that the slider can not be subsequently inserted from above the contact springs. By these proportions, on the one hand, the slider gets its stability due to the closed frame around the contact springs around, on the other hand, a broken contact piece can not fall through a window 47 down into a spring chamber and possibly cause a short circuit there.

Im unerregten Zustand des Magnetsystems wird der Schieber durch die Rückstellkraft der Ankerfeder 38 in die Ruheposition gezogen, das heißt in Figur 4 nach rechts. Dabei werden die im entspannten Zustand geraden Ruhekontaktfedern 25R nach rechts in die in Figur 4 gezeigte Position gezogen, so daß sie mit der passiven Ruhekontaktfeder 23R Kontakt gibt.In the de-energized state of the magnet system, the slider is pulled by the restoring force of the armature spring 38 in the rest position, that is, in Figure 4 to the right. At this time, the normally-closed contact springs 25R in the relaxed state are pulled to the right in the position shown in Fig. 4 so as to contact the passive resting contact spring 23R.

Bei Erregung des Magnetsystems wird der Schieber in Figur 4 nach links bewegt, die aktive Ruhekontaktfeder 25R wird von der passiven Ruhekontaktfeder 23R abgehoben und durch die Sperr-Rippe 50R in ihre geöffnete Arbeitsposition bewegt. Zugleich greift der Schieber mit den Betätigungsnasen 51 seitlich an den aktiven Arbeitskontaktfedern 25A1 und 25A2 an und bewegt diese in Richtung auf die passiven Arbeitskontaktfedern 23A1 und 23A2, bis die entsprechenden Arbeitskontakte geschlossen sind. Beim Abschalten der Erregung stellt die Ankerfeder 38 den Ruhezustand wieder her, wobei der Schieber 40 über die Betätigungsnasen 52 seitlich der Kontaktstücke 26R angreift und die Ruhekontakte schließt. Verschweißt einer der Kontakte, so wird über die enge Führung der aktiven Kontaktfedern 25 sichergestellt, daß eine weitere Bewegung des Schiebers 40 und damit eine weitere Betätigung der übrigen Kontakte gesperrt wird. Verschweißt beispielsweise ein Ruhekontakt, so wird über die Sperr-Rippe 50R, die unmittelbar neben dem Kontaktstück angreift, der Schieber gegen weitere Bewegung gesperrt. Die Arbeitskontakte können also nicht schließen. Verschweißt dagegen ein Arbeitskontakt, so wird ebenfalls über die neben dem verschweißten Kontakt an der zugehörigen Kontaktfeder angreifende Sperr-Rippe 50A eine Rückstellung des Schiebers und eine Betätigung der Ruhekontakte verhindert.Upon energization of the magnet system, the slider is moved to the left in FIG. 4, the active rest contact spring 25R is lifted off the passive resting contact spring 23R and moved to its open working position by the locking rib 50R. At the same time, the slide with the actuating lugs 51 laterally engages the active working contact springs 25A1 and 25A2 and moves them in the direction of the passive working contact springs 23A1 and 23A2 until the corresponding working contacts are closed. When switching off the excitement, the armature spring 38 restores the idle state, wherein the slider 40 engages laterally of the contact pieces 26R via the actuating lugs 52 and closes the normally closed contacts. If one of the contacts is welded, it is ensured via the close guidance of the active contact springs 25 that further movement of the slider 40 and thus further actuation of the remaining contacts is blocked. If, for example, a normally closed contact is welded, the slider is locked against further movement via the locking rib 50R, which acts directly next to the contact piece. The working contacts can not close. On the other hand, when a normally open contact is welded, a return of the slide and an actuation of the normally closed contacts is likewise prevented by means of the locking rib 50A acting on the associated contact spring in addition to the welded contact.

Da außerdem alle aktiven Kontaktfedern gerade ausgebildet sind, wirken sie selbstöffnend. Bricht beispielsweise eine Betätigungsnase 51 oder 52 am Schieber, so öffnet die betreffende aktive Kontaktfeder (Öffner) oder sie wird nicht geschlossen (beim Schließer). Bricht dagegen die Ankerfeder 38, so öffnen sich alle Ruhekontakte (Öffnerkontakte), und alle Schließer werden nicht mehr geschlossen.In addition, since all active contact springs are currently formed, they act self-opening. If, for example, an actuating nose 51 or 52 breaks on the slide, the relevant active contact spring (NC contact) opens or it is not closed (in the NO contact). If, on the other hand, the armature spring 38 breaks, all the normally closed contacts (normally closed contacts) open and all NO contacts are no longer closed.

Wie sich aus der Beschreibung und insbesondere aus den Figuren 4, 5 und 6 ergibt, liegen die Betätigungsnasen 52 für die aktiven Ruhekontaktfedern 25R wesentlich höher bezüglich der Grundebene als die Betätigungsnasen 51 für die aktiven Arbeitskontaktfedern 25A1 und 25A2. Dadurch ist die Kraft-Weg-Übersetzung bei den Arbeitskontakten und den Ruhekontakten unterschiedlich. Da das Magnetsystem jeweils in geschlossenem Zustand, das heißt bei angezogenem oder fast angezogenem Anker, am stärksten ist, während bei abgefallenem Anker durch den großen Luftspalt die Kraft nur langsam ansteigt, muß normalerweise durch die Dimensionierung des Magnetsystems sichergestellt werden, daß das Magnetsystem auch zu Beginn der Ankeranzugsbewegung genügend Kraft aufbringt, um die Ruhekontakte in Richtung Öffnung zu betätigen und dabei die Rückstellkraft der Ankerfeder zu überwinden. Durch die versetzte Anordnung der Betätigungspunkte bzw. der Betätigungsnasen 51 und 52 bezüglich der Grundebene wird nun erreicht, daß die aktiven Öffnerkontaktfedern mit geringerer Kraft und über einen längeren Weg betätigt werden, während die aktiven Schließerkontaktfedern durch die kürzere Hebelübersetzung auf kurzem Wege zum Schließen gebracht werden. In diesem Moment hat das Magnetsystem bereits mehr Kraft, da der Anker sich schon weitgehend an die Polfläche angenähert hat. Durch diese Maßnahme läßt sich insbesondere bei der Konstruktion eines Sicherheitsrelais, bei dem keine Umschaltkontakte, sondern getrennt betätigbare Öffner und Schließer verwendet werden, der Wirkungsgrad des Magnetsystems erhöhen, so daß dieses kleiner als sonst üblich dimensioniert werden kann.As can be seen from the description and in particular from FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the actuating noses 52 for the active normally closed contact springs 25R are substantially higher with respect to the ground plane than the actuating noses 51 for the active working contact springs 25A1 and 25A2. As a result, the force-displacement transmission in the work contacts and the normally closed contacts is different. Since the magnet system in each case in the closed state, that is, when tightened or almost tightened anchor, the strongest, while when dropped anchor through the large air gap, the force increases only slowly, must normally be ensured by the dimensioning of the magnet system that the magnet system also Start the Ankeranzugsbewegung enough force applies to actuate the normally closed contacts in the direction of opening and thereby overcome the restoring force of the armature spring. The staggered arrangement of the actuation points or the actuation lugs 51 and 52 with respect to the ground plane is now achieved that the active Öffnerkontaktfedern be operated with less force and over a longer path, while the active NO contact springs are brought by the shorter lever ratio in a short way to close , At this moment, the magnet system already has more power, since the anchor has already largely approximated to the pole face. As a result of this measure, the efficiency of the magnet system can be increased, in particular in the construction of a safety relay in which no change-over contacts, but separately actuated openers and normally-open contacts are used, so that this can be dimensioned smaller than usual.

Im Diagramm von Figur 7 ist die Anpassung der Kraft-Weg-Kennlinien gezeigt. Dabei bezeichnet f die Kennlinie der aufsummierten Federkräfte und m die Kennlinie des Magnetsystems. Über dem Weg s, der die Ankerbewegung bzw. die Bewegung des Schiebers 40 zwischen der Ruheposition (in Figur 4 rechts bei geöffnetem Anker) und der Arbeitsposition (in Figur 4 links bei geschlossenem Anker) darstellt, sind die jeweils gegeneinander wirksamen Kräfte F aufgetragen. Im Ruhezustand befindet sich der Schieber beispielsweise an der Stelle s1 oder rechts davon, je nach Kontaktabbrand. Beim Anziehen des Ankers bewegt sich der Schieber nach links, wobei die Kraft m des Magnetsystems zunächst nur langsam ansteigt. In diesem Bereich bis s2 ist aber auch die zu überwindende Öffnerkraft (an der aktiven Ruhekontaktfeder bzw. der an diese angepaßten Ankerfeder) aufgrund der großen Hebelübersetzung noch relativ gering. Von s2 bis s3 ergibt sich durch die aktiven Arbeitskontaktfedern eine stärker ansteigende Federkraft, die durch eine in diesem Bereich auch stärker ansteigende Magnetkraft m überwunden wird. Von s3 bis zum Anschlag steigen sowohl die Federkraft f als auch die Magnetkraft stark an. Dies ist der Bereich des Überhubs bis zum Punkt s4.In the diagram of Figure 7, the adjustment of the force-displacement characteristics is shown. In this case, f denotes the characteristic curve of the summed spring forces and m the characteristic curve of the magnet system. About the path s, which represents the armature movement or the movement of the slider 40 between the rest position (in Figure 4 right with the anchor open) and the working position (in Figure 4 left with the anchor closed), the respective mutually effective forces F are plotted. At rest, the slider is, for example, at the point s1 or right, depending on the contact erosion. When tightening the armature, the slider moves to the left, the force m of the magnet system initially increases only slowly. In this area to s2 but also to be overcome Öffnerkraft (on the active contact spring or the spring arm adapted to this) due to the large leverage is still relatively low. From s2 to s3 results from the active working contact springs a stronger rising spring force, which is overcome by a stronger magnetic force m in this area. From s3 to the stop, both the spring force f and the magnetic force rise sharply. This is the range of the overstroke to point s4.

Claims (4)

  1. A relay having a base (1) which establishes a base plane (10), a magnet system arranged on the base (1) and provided with a coil (35), a core (31) and an armature (37), having at least one pair of closing (contact-making) spring contacts (23A1, 25A1, 23A2, 25A2)and at least one pair of opening (contact-breaking) spring contacts (23R, 25R), with each pair of spring contacts including a passive spring contact (23) and an active spring contact (25) and each spring contact (23, 25) being secured in the base (1) such that it stands perpendicularly with respect to the base plane and carries on its end remote from the base a contact piece (24, 26), and having an actuating slide element (40) which is movable parallel to the base plane (10) and acts on each active spring contact (25), in each case in the vicinity of the contact piece (26),
    characterised in that
    the slide element (40) acts on the active opening spring contacts (25R) at a larger spacing with respect to securing in the base (1) from that at which it acts on the active closing spring contacts (25A1, 25A2), wherein the relay is formed in such a way that first the opening contacts are being operated and then the closing contacts are being operated.
  2. A relay according to Claim 1, characterised in that all the active spring contacts (25) are of the same construction.
  3. A relay according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that in the untensioned condition all the active spring contacts (25) adopt an opening position with respect to their associated passive spring contacts (23), and in that the active opening spring contacts (25R) are switched by the force of a restoring spring (38) and the active closing spring contacts (25A1, 25A2) are switched by the force of the magnet system (35, 31, 37) into their respective closing position.
  4. A relay according to one of Claims I to 3, characterised in that the magnet system (31, 35, 37) has a U-shaped core (31) with a core limb (32) lying inside the coil and a yoke limb (33) lying outside the coil, with the iron cross-section of the core limb (32) being reinforced by an additional flux member (36).
EP99947445A 1998-10-16 1999-10-01 Security relay Expired - Lifetime EP1121700B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19847831 1998-10-16
DE19847831A DE19847831C2 (en) 1998-10-16 1998-10-16 safety relay
PCT/EP1999/007278 WO2000024019A1 (en) 1998-10-16 1999-10-01 Security relay

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EP1121700A1 EP1121700A1 (en) 2001-08-08
EP1121700B1 EP1121700B1 (en) 2002-06-12
EP1121700B2 true EP1121700B2 (en) 2007-06-06

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US (1) US6906604B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1121700B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE219285T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19847831C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2000024019A1 (en)

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JPS5732515Y2 (en) † 1978-03-31 1982-07-16
DE2902885A1 (en) † 1979-01-25 1980-07-31 Sds Elektro Gmbh CONTACT SPRING ARRANGEMENT FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012017157A1 (en) 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Hengstler Gmbh Relay with modified force-displacement characteristic

Also Published As

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DE59901764D1 (en) 2002-07-18
US6906604B1 (en) 2005-06-14
ATE219285T1 (en) 2002-06-15
DE19847831C2 (en) 2002-11-21
EP1121700A1 (en) 2001-08-08
EP1121700B1 (en) 2002-06-12
WO2000024019A1 (en) 2000-04-27
DE19847831A1 (en) 2001-08-09

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