EP1120623A1 - Cleaning device and process for cleaning heat exchanger tubes - Google Patents

Abstract

The heating pipe cleaning device uses a cleaning pipe (2) with a steam exit opening (7) at its front end (30), formed in a number of telescopic pipe sections (9',9'',9''',..) for insertion in the housing enclosing the steam generation space, for blasting steam through the heating pipes for soot removal. The extension of the telescopic pipe sections can be effected via a mechanical and/or hydraulic length adjustment system, with the maximum projection into the steam generation space corresponding to half the depth of the latter.

Description

Cleaning arrangement of heating pipes and methods for cleaning of heating pipes

The invention relates to a cleaning arrangement of heating pipes of a steam generator, with a cleaning pipe, which in has a steam outlet opening in a front area, through which the heating pipes of the steam generator are to be blown, and that via at least one through opening in the Steam generator room housing is insertable and a method for cleaning heating pipes with the features the preamble of claim 9.

Heating surfaces of steam generator heating pipes are common cleaned using so-called sootblowers. These sootblowers show a one-piece, lance-like cleaning tube that during the cleaning process in the steam generator room of the steam generator is inserted between the heating pipes. By the from one arranged at a front end of the cleaning pipe Steam escaping from the steam outlet opening becomes soiled cleaned from the heating pipes. The length of the one-piece cleaning tube corresponds approximately to that Diameter of the housing of the steam generator room or Half with two-sided arrangement. The length can be up to 18 Meters. Due to the one-piece design of the cleaning pipe is for storing the cleaning pipe outside a large storage room of the steam generator room is necessary. The storage room often even determines the enclosed space of the Steam generator building and is therefore for a large part of the Responsible for costs.

The object of the present invention is therefore a cleaning arrangement of heating pipes to deliver a reliable Cleaning the heating pipes with steam ensures and at the same time a small space requirement, especially for storage having.

The object is achieved in that several predetermined Lengths of the cleaning tube that can be inserted into the housing by means of provided pipe sections are adjustable.

Due to the adjustability to different lengths, a needs-based and at the same time space-saving cleaning device delivered. It is particularly advantageous for storage, if a short length is adjustable, if necessary the smallest length that requires the least space. In the cleaning process, however, a maximum Length can be set so that even distant places are accessible within the housing. By using the Pipe sections, by means of which different predetermined lengths of the cleaning tube are adjustable, the cleaning tube has sufficient despite the length adjustment option Stiffness to in fully extended Condition to reach the entire area of the heating pipes and to be able to clean well.

If a maximum length of the cleaning pipe is at least one half insertion depth of the steam generator room corresponds the entire steam generator room is reached in that the cleaning pipe introduced into the steam generator room from several sides becomes. Since the maximum length of the cleaning pipe from is smaller in advance than with a cleaning pipe that is suitable for reaching the entire insertion depth of the steam generator space the minimum length will be even smaller. This sets the storage space requirement and also the shunting space for repositioning for the cleaning pipe further down.

A cleaning arrangement that can be easily adjusted to different lengths is due to the fact that the pipe sections are telescopic are slidably arranged. The pipe sections are in the different stages, for example during storage or when fully extended each slidably bound to each other so that they are not must be taken apart as individual parts. At the same time good rigidity is given when extended.

An additional use of the steam is given by the fact that the pipe sections can be extended by steam pressure. The On the one hand, steam has a cleaning effect and delivers at the same time the feed for the nested Pipe sections. This arrangement can, for example, with maximum Pressure operated. There is no additional Pressure control is necessary and on the other hand is also when extending the heating pipes can already be cleaned. A safe one and controlled feed is ensured by guide systems. In this way there is a uniform feed movement guaranteed.

To reliably control the movement of the cleaning pipe , it is advantageous if the displacement of the pipe sections through mechanical and / or hydraulic length adjustment systems is controlled. The insertion movement will thus promoted on the one hand by the vapor pressure, and on the other hand controlled by length adjustment systems to a too sudden extension movement or an uncontrolled movement of the cleaning pipe to prevent what may Could damage the heating pipes. The length adjustment systems can also be used to retrieve the extended Use pipe sections of the cleaning pipe. By such Checking the pipe movements is always possible approximately the same distance from the heating surface of the cleaning pipe is observed and an even insertion and Return movement is to be realized. A particularly simple one and stable system is given in that the retrieval done purely mechanically, for example by a winch.

A targeted and effective flow and a good cleaning function of the cleaning steam is given by the fact that the steam outlet opening from at least one steam jet nozzle formed and attached in the front pipe section. The Steam jet nozzle focuses the cleaning steam and enlarges it hence its cleaning effect without the need for greater pressure when the steam enters the cleaning pipe or an increased Cleaning steam temperature would be necessary.

Multiple heating tubes can be cleaned at the same time, though at least one further steam jet nozzle in the front pipe section attached to a first steam jet nozzle is. This increases the effectiveness of the steam used and diminished by the opposite attachment at the same time that that caused by the escape of the steam Impulse the cleaning pipe in its front part into one Longitudinal direction drives vertical direction. That way keeps the tip of the cleaning pipe in its position and leaves control yourself more easily.

When pipe sections are assembled with vapor permeable play are a seal when the steam flows through the transitions of the pipe sections due to the blocking effect the steam against aggressive flue gas or soot and effectively possible. At the same time, it delivers through one gap created between the pipe sections due to the play steam flowing through it cooling.

A particularly stable and usable with little effort Device is provided in that telescopic pipe sections each other in the sense of sufficient rigidity of the cleaning pipe overlap when the cleaning pipe is extended is. Depending on the position of the pipe section in the cleaning pipe can be an overlap area adapted to the necessary support in the sense of a support area.

To the cleaning pipe after the cleaning process of soot and To rid dust particles, it is proposed to remove the pipe sections are provided with scraper edges, on each of which an inner pipe section can be pulled past when pulling back is. In this way, the soot and others remain Dirt in the steam generator and is not on the cleaning pipe into which the cleaning pipe is carried. At the same time a certain sealing effect between the scraper edges given the cleaning pipes so that no soot and dirt or large amounts of steam can escape.

The above task is accomplished through a cleaning process solved by heating pipes of steam generators in that the length of the cleaning tube before insertion or during of insertion into the steam generator room enlarged and during pulling out or reduced after pulling out becomes. The length of the cleaning pipe is thus before and after pulling out but also during insertion and pulling out changed, so that each optimal Length for each request is reached. To this Wise becomes a thorough cleaning process and a achieved very little space consumption.

This is an optimization of the space requirement in particular given that the cleaning tube when changing to the rest position is pushed together outside the steam generator room and is used with a minimum length.

Uniform, continuous cleaning is guaranteed that the cleaning tube while blowing the Steam heating pipes with the steam outlet opening parallel to the heating pipes. This also prevents that the heating pipes are damaged by the cleaning pipe that passes by become.

Balancing one through that on the long cleaning pipe this causes bending caused by gravity advantageously possible that the cleaning pipe with increasing Length of engagement of a swiveling device pipe lifting and as the length of engagement decreases, the tube is lowered. In this way, an overall longer or one Pipe with a smaller diameter or thinner walls in particular in the front area of the cleaning pipe for the purpose of weight and material saving can be used. By the Compensation of the deflection towards an almost linear movement when inserted into the steam generator room can also during uniform steam cleaning during insertion become. The raising or lowering refers to the front part of the cleaning pipe.

The compensating pivoting of the cleaning tube is advantageous provided that the pivoting of the cleaning tube laying on a wall of the lead-through opening the housing using mechanical and / or hydraulic Means done. The cleaning tube can be used heavy of metal. In the extended Condition, it makes sense for easy handling, a leverage point, especially by hanging on the Wall of the through opening of the housing, to get because then lower forces are used for pivoting have to. The pivoting can be very operationally reliable through use mechanical means, such as spindles, or by using hydraulic devices that attack in the rear tube area. Mechanical and hydraulic Agents can also be used in combination if it is a particularly heavy cleaning pipe or moved in particularly inaccessible places should.

Fig. 1:

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Reinigungsanordnung,

Fig. 2:

einen Querschnitt durch ein Reinigungsrohr aus Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II,

Fig. 3:

ein ausgefahrenes Reinigungsrohr und

Fig. 4:

Reinigungsrohre im Dampferzeugerraum.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is given in the figures. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a longitudinal section through a cleaning arrangement,

Fig. 2:

2 shows a cross section through a cleaning pipe from FIG. 1 along the line II-II,

Fig. 3:

an extended cleaning pipe and

Fig. 4:

Cleaning pipes in the steam generator room.

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a cleaning arrangement of heating pipes of a steam generator. The steam generator room 5 is surrounded by a housing 4, which has a through opening 3 is broken, through which a cleaning pipe 2 with a front area 30 ahead into the steam generator room 5 is inserted up to an engagement length 18.

The cleaning pipe 2 consists essentially of several cylindrical, hollow pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV , which can have the same or different lengths 10 ', 10'',10''', 10 ^IV and are telescopically inserted into each other. The pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV enclose an interior space 21. At the ends 46 of the pipe sections 9 ', 9'', 9 "' there are annular pipe end collars 45 ', 45'',45''' of the height 40 and at the beginning of the pipe section 41 ring-shaped guide limits 31 '', 37 ''', 37 ^{IV of} the height 40. The height 40 can be used for different pipe sections 9', 9 '', 9 ''', 9 ^IV or also in the case of guide limits and pipe end collars within a pipe section, the pipe end collars 45 ', 45'',45''' stabilize the pipe section end 46 and ensure a distance corresponding to the height 40 from the inner radii 32 '', 32 ''', 32 ^IV of the encompassing pipe sections 9 '', 9 ''', 9 ^IV . Spacers 39', 39 are also located on the outer radii 33 ', 33'',33''' of the pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''''', 39 '''at a predetermined distance corresponding to a support length 19 to the pipe end collars 45', 45 '', 45 '''.

The spacers 39 ', 39'',39''' again preferably have a height 40 and, on the one hand, also serve to maintain a certain, predetermined distance 40 between an inner pipe section and a surrounding pipe section. At the same time, the spacers 39 ', 39'',39''' provide a stop for the inner pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''' at the beginning 41 of the surrounding pipe sections 9 '', 9 ''', 9 ^IV attached guide limits 37 '', 37 ''', 37 ^IV . Thus, in any extension state of the cleaning tube 2, there is always at least one predetermined overlap with the support length 19 of two tube sections pushed into one another, as a result of which the cleaning tube 2 has a stable structure and good rigidity. The support length 19 can be selected differently for different pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''' depending on the load, preferably increasing with higher loads, ie from the first pipe section 9 'to the third pipe section 9'''. However, it should not be chosen too large either, since a certain part of the pipe section length remains unused due to the overlap and, on the other hand, the weight of the cleaning pipe increases due to the double wall, which is particularly important for a larger number of pipe sections.

By applying steam 47 to a cleaning pipe 2 at a predetermined pressure, the cleaning pipe 2 can be moved out of the pushed-together state of the pipe sections 9. Cleaning steam 47 is passed through a steam inlet opening 6 into the interior 21 of the cleaning pipe 2 surrounded by the pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV . If there is sufficient overpressure, the steam 47 flows out at a steam outlet opening 7 arranged in the front region 30 of the cleaning tube 2 at a sufficient speed through two opposing steam jet nozzles 17, so that soiled heating surfaces 1 on the outside of the heating tubes can be cleaned therewith. There can also be a larger number of steam jet nozzles, depending on the cleaning requirements. Since the steam jet nozzles 17 only allow a small amount of steam to pass through per unit of time, an excess pressure builds up inside the cleaning pipe 2, which exerts a force on the pipe sections 9 ′, 9 ″, 9 ″ ″ and in this way they are operated by steam pressure along a pipe longitudinal axis 14 extends. 3 and FIG. 4 show a maximum extended state of the cleaning tube 2.

When extending, the spacers 39 ', 39'',39''' of inner pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''' or pipe end collars 45 ', 45'',45''arranged at a distance of a support length 19 slide therefrom 'on inner walls 32'',32''', 32 ^{IV of} the next pipe sections 9 '', 9 ''', 9 ^IV up to the spacers 39', 39 '', 39 '''on the guide limits 31'' , 37 ''', 37 ^IV or a length adjustment system 15 restricts the extension movement. This means that the pipe sections sit securely inside one another, even under the highest loads.

The length adjustment system 15 consists, for example, of a device for the controlled unwinding and winding up of a control cable 26, which is guided through a control cable guide 28 in a guide wall 42 of the cleaning tube 2. In the interior 21 of the cleaning pipe 2 there are cross struts 29 each attached to a pipe section 9 ″, 9 ″ ″, 9 ^IV , which are stretched between opposite inner walls of a pipe section and each have a connecting point 31 for the control cable 26 to be passed through. The beginning of the control cable 26 is fastened in the foremost pipe section 9 'to a securing device 43, which is seated in the inner radius 32' of the first pipe section 9 '.

The cleaning pipe 2 with the outer radius 33 ^{IV of} the last pipe section 9 ^IV is preferably movably mounted on a wall 16 of the through opening 3 of the housing 4, since this is very stable and is not extended. The movable mounting is carried out, for example, via a holding arrangement 49 with a movable element 50, to which the outer radius 33 ^{IV is} secured captively in the area of the guide limitation 37 ^IV .

In order to shorten the cleaning pipe 2, a return movement is caused by the length adjustment system 15. First, the foremost pipe section 9 'is retracted until it abuts the cross struts 29 of the surrounding, second pipe section 9'', which in turn, upon further retraction, abuts the cross struts 29 of a third pipe section 9''' surrounding it and so on further. In this way, the pipe sections 9 ″, 9 ″ ″, 9 ^IV can be pushed into one another until they all abut the cross struts 29 of the surrounding pipe sections. The cleaning tube 2 then has a minimum length 11. In this rest position, the front pipe sections 9 ′, 9 ″, 9 ″ ″ are essentially drawn into the last pipe section 9 ^IV and in particular do not protrude into the steam generator space 5.

The guide limits 31 '', 31 ''', 37 ^IV are attached with play against the outer radius 33', 33 '', 33 '''of the inner tube sections 9', 9 '', 9 ''', so that one Flowing through the interior 21 with steam between the inner pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''' and the guide delimiters 37 '', 31 ''', 37 ^IV, a certain proportion of the steam 47 flows out and a barrier against the ingress of aggressive flue gases or soot from the steam generator. For this purpose, at least one opening 51 ', 51'',51''' is located between two pipe sections in a wall 52 ', 52'',52''' of the inner pipe section, through which cleaning steam 47 lies between the outer radius of the inner pipe section and can flow through the inner radius of the outer tube section and flows out between the guide delimitation and the outer radius of the inner tube section.

When the pipe sections 9 ′, 9 ″, 9 ″ ″ are withdrawn as described above, the outer radii 33 ′, 33 ″, 33 ″ ″ of the respective inner pipe sections 9 ′, 9 ″, 9 ″ ″ on stripping edges 20 of the Guide limits 31 '', 37 ''', 37 ^{IV of} the comprehensive pipe sections 9'',9''', 9 ^IV passed by. In this way, any adhering dirt, in particular soot, is stripped into the steam generator space 5 and prevents dirt from being introduced into the cleaning pipe 2 or into a storage space surrounding the housing 4. At the same time, there is an additional sealing effect against excessive outflow of cleaning steam 47.

In order to ensure a straight extension or retraction, in particular in order not to damage any heating tubes during the movement of the cleaning tube 2, the cleaning tube 2 is placed on a wall 16 of the through opening 3 of the housing 4 before or during the extension, preferably on the last tube section 9 ^IV movably attached for pivoting movements as described above. When the engagement length 18 changes, the cleaning tube 2 is pivoted in the vertical direction 23 by means of a mechanical and / or hydraulic height adjustment system 25, which is fastened in the end region 36 of the cleaning tube 2, so that there is a straight horizontal movement of the front region 30 of the cleaning tube 2 . With increasing engagement length 18, end area 36 is lowered and thus front area 30 is raised, and with decreasing engagement length 18, end area 36 is raised and front area 30 is thus lowered.

To remove condensate vapor 47 from within of the cleaning pipe 2 forming condensate 48 is in the Guide wall 42 a passage 44 and in the end region 36 of the cleaning tube 2 a condensate outlet 24 is provided. This outlet 24 is preferably located at a deep point in the Cleaning pipe 2. In the rest position, the cleaning pipe continue to be pivoted so that any possible Smaller intermediate sinks condensate 48 targeted can be dissipated.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the cleaning tube 2 from FIG. 1 along II / II. The pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV are preferably cylindrical. The diameters 27 ', 27'',27''', 27 ^{IV of} the pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV increase from the front pipe section 9 'to the last pipe section 9 ^IV . The diameter 27 'of a pipe section 9' is almost constant over the length 10 'of the pipe section 9' or it increases slightly from the front end 41 to the rear end 46 of a pipe section. By way of example, three spacers 39 ″ are attached to the outer radius 33 ″ distributed on a pipe section 9 ″, as a result of which a distance of the height 40 from the comprehensive pipe section 9 ″ ″ is maintained.

3 shows a cleaning tube 2 which is retracted into the steam generator space 5 up to the engagement length 18 in its maximum length 12. The tube sections 9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^{IV of} the lengths 10 ', 10'',10''', 10 ^IV are extended until the guide limits 37'',37''', 37 ^IV touch the spacers 39 ', 39'',39'''. There are overlapping areas of the support length 19 between the individual pipe sections.

4 shows a cleaning pipe 2 with a minimal length 11 and a completely extended cleaning pipe 2. With four pipe sections 9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV with approximately the same pipe section lengths 10 ', 10'',10''' , 10 ^IV and an approximately the same support length 19, which is less than 25% of the pipe section lengths, the maximum length 12 of the cleaning pipe 2 is approximately three times a pipe section length. The minimum length 11 is approximately one pipe section length. The telescopic construction of the cleaning tube according to the invention thus reduces the length of the cleaning tube by 2/3. In the retracted state, the cleaning pipe 2 can be stored in a space-saving manner outside the steam generator room 5 until it is extended again for the next cleaning operation. It is ensured by pipe section lengths 10 ′, 10 ″, 10 ″ ″ matched to the length 10 ^IV that the inner pipe sections protrude only minimally beyond the guide limitation 37 ^{IV of} the last, fixed pipe section 9 ^IV in the fully retracted state. This prevents the inner tube sections from protruding into a hot area of the steam generator space over a long period of time and being damaged by them.

The maximum length 12 of the cleaning tube 2 corresponds at least half an insertion depth 13 of the steam generator space 5. The insertion depth 13 corresponds to that occupied by heating surfaces 1 Diameter of the steam generator room 5. In this way through the cleaning pipe 2 when used from two sides in the steam generator room 5, the entire heating surface to be cleaned 1 easy to get to.

Claims (13)

Cleaning arrangement of heating pipes of a steam generator, with a cleaning pipe (2) which has a steam outlet opening (7) in a front region (30) through which the heating pipes of the steam generator are to be blown, and which into at least one through opening (3) A steam generator chamber (5) having a housing (4) can be inserted, characterized in that a plurality of predetermined lengths (8) of the cleaning pipe (2) which can be inserted into the housing (4) by means of pipe sections (9 ', 9'',9''') , 9 ^IV ) are adjustable. Cleaning arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a maximum length (12) at least half Insertion depth (13) of the steam generator space (5) corresponds. Cleaning arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pipe sections (9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV ) are arranged telescopically one inside the other. Cleaning arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the pipe sections (9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV ) can be extended by steam pressure. Cleaning arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the displacement of the pipe sections (9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV ) is controlled by mechanical and / or hydraulic length adjustment systems (15). Cleaning arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that tube sections (9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV ) are assembled with clearance to allow steam to pass through. Cleaning arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that telescopic pipe sections (9 ', 9'',9''', 9 ^IV ) overlap one another in the sense of a sufficient rigidity of the cleaning pipe (2) when the cleaning pipe (2) is extended. Cleaning arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pipe sections (9 '', 9 ''', 9 ^IV ) are provided with wiping edges (20), on each of which an inner pipe section (9', 9 '', 9 ''') can be pulled past when pulling back (3). Processes for cleaning heating pipes of steam generators, in which a cleaning pipe (2) with a steam outlet opening (7) through a through opening (3) of a housing (4) is introduced into a steam generator room (5), and in which cleaning steam is supplied to the cleaning pipe (2) through the steam outlet (7) the heating pipes of the steam generator is blown to use in a cleaning arrangement according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the length (8) of the Cleaning tube (2) before insertion or during the Introducing into the steam generator room (5) enlarged and while pulling out or after pulling out is reduced. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the cleaning tube (2) when changing to the rest position pushed together outside the steam generator room (5) and is used with a minimum length (11). A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the cleaning tube (2) while blowing the Heating pipes with steam in parallel with the steam outlet (7) is led to the heating pipes. Method according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that that the cleaning pipe (2) with increasing Length of engagement (18) from a swivel device lifting the pipe and pipe lowering as the length of engagement (18) decreases is pivoted. Method according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that that the pivoting of the cleaning pipe (2) while laying on a wall (16) of the through opening (3) the housing (4) using mechanical and / or hydraulic means.

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