EP1119736B1 - Trigger device - Google Patents

Abstract

A hammer release apparatus for a hand held firearm which reduces the force required to discharge the firearm is disclosed which includes a hammer, a pivotably mounted trigger, and a restraining lever. The restraining lever engages the cocked hammer which is biased towards a firing position by a hammer spring. The restraining lever counteracts the force of the hammer spring to reduce the pull resistance associated with the trigger of the firearm.

Description

The invention relates to a tee for a Handgun, with a striker that consists of a Clamping position by the action of a striking spring over a Stroke path is movable to a rest position to get there to fire a cartridge, and that in the Clamping position can be held by a trigger mechanism or can be released after its actuation.

DE 196 43 377 A (HECKLER & KOCH) shows the "two-shot" device. In this case, a spring-loaded pawl 8 acts on the tap while it is being knocked off, but does not exert any force on the tap, especially when it is in the tensioned position, that is to say when the tap is held on the trigger gallery. The wording of claim 1 is therefore not met.

In US 3,626,621 A (IDO), a tensioning lever 13 with a spring is constantly pressed against the smooth surface of an impact leg 2e, so that the lever 13 constantly rubs against the impact piece 2. The frictional force exerted must always be low so that it cannot be called an "inhibitory force". In addition, another device is used to reduce the pulling force, as can be seen from the last paragraph of column 2 before the claims: the distance of the point of action of the striking spring on the striking element to its pivot point is significantly less in the tensioned state than in the tensioned state. This reduces the forces that occur at the extraction gallery. This document therefore offers a solution to the problem that the invention also solves, but with completely different means. This publication is therefore suitable, despite the apparent proximity to the wording of claim 1, to lead the person skilled in the art away from the invention.

The US 3 292 492 A (STURTEVANT) shows a trigger device with counter. Three "extraction tunnels" 116, 158 and 76 are formed on tap 78, but no inhibiting device.

DE 196 26 077 A (HECKLER & KOCH) shows the normal trigger device of the G36, which is to be further developed by the invention.

The US 2 399 253 A (REILLY) shows an improvement of the Garand trigger by means of an adjusting screw 13 which is intended to prevent the trigger from creeping by precise adjustment. No inhibitor device can be seen here either.

The hammer is like a firing pin or a cock, which is loaded by a striking spring and a stud has a deduction in the clamping position immediately or reaches behind via a rod. Stand in the borderline case the two, pressed together by the weight of the striking spring Surfaces of studs and trigger or rod vertical to the direction of movement of the striking piece and thus to the direction of action of the force of the impact spring, so that only release the friction force to release the striker overcome is that between studs and trigger or rod is effective. In fact, it is for security reasons required, the aforementioned, pressed together Surfaces a little against the direction of movement of the striking piece so that to release the striking piece in addition to the frictional force also a component of the The force of the impact spring must be overcome (see DE 196 26 077 A1).

When a shooter pulls the handgun trigger, then in addition to this releasing force (Frictional force + component of the impact spring force) too overcome the spring forces that pull the trigger in its rest position hold, as well as the low frictional forces, the deduction and possibly exposed to rod when he wants to fire a shot.

With a high-performance sport weapon, you can do all of these Minimize forces because such a weapon is only on the Shooting range just before the shot is loaded and is treated with extreme care; with a military weapon on the other hand, one must take into account that ready to fire, it can fall to the ground the shooter is wearing thick gloves or the like more that require it far beyond that still achievable limits of the spring forces and the inclination the engagement surfaces of the studs and the trigger to the direction to remain the force of the feather. If, for example a gun falls down a slope, then bounces with increasing speed and in the most varied Angles on the floor and releases in the trigger or in the rod mass forces from which by the corresponding Spring must be successfully counteracted if you want to prevent yourself in such circumstances a shot releases. So military and police weapons have inevitably a harder trigger than sports weapons.

Utility weapons for hunting, military shooting, Self-defense and leisure activities have deductions, whose actuating force to trigger a shot between the above extremes, because such weapons are generally treated with care, but are exposed to certain loads.

Speaking of optional additional facilities to make it easier to pull off (engraver), such weapons have deductions, the actuation of which if one uses a pistol grip when dispensing one Shot should be between 15 and 20 Newtons and which a practiced shooter of utility weapons as pleasant and feels soft (military pistols can be a so-called Have "trigger weight" of up to 50 Newtons, sport pistols with mechanical release down to about 0.3 Newton).

Now you can pull the trigger weight of a military weapon don't lower it arbitrarily when you have a civilian version too of this military weapon wants to manufacture that for reserve sport and hobby is determined because the spring forces and the angle of attack of the engagement surface between studs and trigger or rod are, as described above, for safety reasons cannot be optimized beyond a limit. The reduction of frictional forces by polishing the bearing points and the engagement surface is possible, but complex and otherwise prone to failure: even slight pollution, for example from flying sand practically highlights any improvement made by polishing again completely.

The installation of intermediate links, transmission levers, etc. between the trigger and the striker is often due to space and cost reasons difficult to realize.

The invention is therefore based on the object simple and inexpensive means of deduction weight lower a handgun. In particular, the trigger weight the sports version of a military rifle lowered be, the construction of the military version without additional precision revision can be used should, however, without the safety of the rifle suffering.

The attainable improvement in the trigger weight is preferred can be canceled by operating a handle or the like be so that it is possible for reservists to use their Train the rifle in conditions that match those where possible come close to that of a military rifle.

This object is achieved in that an inhibiting device is provided, which is set up for this purpose is on the striker only in its clamping position Resistance to apply the force of the striking spring is opposite and smaller than this (claim 1).

The striking piece is therefore not supported in the clamping position more on the trigger tunnel alone, but also on the inhibitor, so that less of the tunnel Force is absorbed and accordingly the frictional forces are reduced at this, which are overcome by the deduction Need to become. However, once the deduction is deducted, then the spring force of the striking spring overcomes the the inhibitor, which is then in the course of the tee movement of the beat becomes ineffective because the Inhibitor is only effective in the clamping position. The Inhibitor thus reduces the impact of the Slap at most insignificant.

The inhibiting device could be a rest, for example, which acts on the striker in the clamping position and from Overcome the striking piece in every direction must become. However, in order not to tighten the Strike required forces to increase what at a self-loading weapon may cause malfunctions could lead, is further proposed according to the invention, that the inhibitor is designed so that it then is ineffective when the striking piece from its rest position is moved into its clamping position (claim 2).

For this purpose, the inhibitor could trigger the Percussion piece are pressed by this in a rest, which is only canceled by the blow when this is again fully excited.

According to the invention, however, it is preferred that the inhibiting device is designed as a directional lock (claim 3) which is effective in knocking off the striking piece into this intervenes, but easy when tensioning the striking piece is overrun by this.

A handgun of the type mentioned in points generally a backup that hits the striking piece immediately or indirectly via the trigger or the rod sets. For fuses of the latter type, a must good, force-transmitting engagement between the studs of the hammer and the trigger or the rod. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention proposed the inhibitor when backing up make ineffective (claim 4), so that the secured Weapon the entire force of the striking spring over the Cleats and the trigger and / or the rod in the safety device is initiated and thus the seat of the Stollens is improved so that the same conditions are available as in a construction-like military weapon, at of the effectiveness of the protection scheme in many and lengthy trials (drop tests, etc.) was, so that for the civil version such a series of experiments unnecessary.

However, it can also be advantageous to use the inhibiting device switch off completely (claim 5), so that the deduction the same force must be applied as in a military weapon is present. This can be the case with reservist exercises be useful, or even with a hunting weapon, when the hunter is over a difficult terrain does not want to secure the weapon, but wants to avoid that the rifle can be pulled off by branches, if a bush is crossed.

It is basically possible to add an additional one to the striking piece Form recess or notch in which the Inhibitor engages. The civilian version of a military weapon can then do what is intended for the military weapon Component are used in which only the notch was introduced.

However, it is more advantageous (claim 6) to add an additional to form a protruding protrusion on the impact piece, which can also be added to the standard striking piece can be applied, but preferably in one piece is trained with this. The inhibitor comes then not with any other than the lead Section of the striker engaged. Furthermore, could the hammer, for example the firing pin of a firing pin lock be, but is preferably the tap of a cock lock.

The inhibitor could be a spring-loaded detent ball be trained who even let in the tap itself could be, but is preferably designed as a locking finger (Claim 7) from outside the stroke, which is traversed by the rooster and its ledge rests against the projection in the cock's cocking position, so that it counteracts the action of the impact spring. The critical areas of the tee a military weapon can therefore remain unchanged because the locking finger, and in relation to this the projection of the tap, can be positioned so that a lengthways of the stroke of the cock available space in the present tee can be used. Likewise, the projection on the tap does not have to be arranged in the center but can be on the side, where the inhibitor finds space.

The escapement finger can be moved in its longitudinal direction be loaded by the escapement spring and pressed against the tap his; however, the inhibitor finger is preferred as Swivel lever formed on its one, from Firing pin remote end is pivoted and with its other end from the spring to engage with the projection of the tap is loaded (claim 8). A such training is particularly pollution-proof.

According to a further preferred embodiment (claim 9) is the end engaging the protrusion the swivel lever is designed as a spring-loaded pawl, which engages behind the projection in the cock's cocking position and leans on it; the cock and so that the projection moves in the tensioning direction, then he runs unhindered past the pawls, because these against the force of a weak feather in front of the incoming one The projection folds away.

A cock lock for a military rifle points one across running safety shaft on both ends, on the outside of the handle, one operating lever each sits, by means of which the securing shaft can be pivoted is. This locking shaft has a projection or a recess, the one with Extension of the trigger can engage to let the trigger move freely or to fix it. The The safety wave is in each of its layers by one Rest set. The safety shaft can also do more Show rest positions, e.g. for continuous fire and Continuous fire with a limited number of shots.

According to a further embodiment of the invention this locking shaft also has a circumferential cam formation for the swivel lever, which is counteracted by the spring this is pressed so that the pivot lever in the Position in which the tee or trigger device is secured is out of engagement with the protrusion of the Striking piece is lifted out, the above mentioned Benefits can be achieved.

There can also be a further rotational position of the safety shaft be provided in the case of a civilian weapon without continuous fire the third position is where the Swivel lever out of engagement with the projection of the tap is raised, although the tee or deduction facility is unsecured, so the deduction is the deduction weight the corresponding military weapon, i.e. a trigger weight, that is not diminished by the effectiveness of the inhibitor is.

The object of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing explained for example in more detail, the only figure shows a longitudinal section through part of a Handle for a rifle shows; the invention Teeing device and a trigger device shown in this grip. The handle shown points to the left, which is referred to below as "front" is.

The entire trigger mechanism of this rifle in military design is in the published German patent application 196 26 077.9 by the applicant of the present Patent application described in detail; it will be the Disclosure of this published patent application expressly included in the present disclosure.

This deduction and tee device corresponds the aforementioned known trigger device, it however, the continuous fire mode was omitted.

In the present drawing, for all parts, the agree with those of the known trigger device, uses the same reference numerals. All three digits Reference numerals relate to parts that are known Fume cupboard are new.

The trigger and tee device 5 is in one Handle 1 housed, which has a handle 3. Deviate from the known military version Handle 1 and handle 3 not as a separate component trained, but in a rear rifle stock part made of plastic, which forms a structural unit.

A tap 13 is rotatably supported on a tap shaft 21 and has a locking lug 19 which is in the clamping position can be brought into engagement with a counter lug 47, the is assigned to a trigger 33 which is about a trigger axis 35 is pivotally mounted. The tap 13 and the trigger 33 is a spring (not shown) assigned to each Tap 13 (impact spring) and trigger 33 (return spring) each load towards a rest position; both feathers are in the aforementioned prepublished patent application shown, referred to their representation here becomes.

Above the trigger axis 33 is an elongated hole 45 pivotable and in the direction of extension of the elongated hole and through this a trigger lever 43 is movable longitudinally attached to the front end (seen in the direction of the shot) has the counter lug 47 by a trigger spring 53 is pushed forward and occupy two operating positions can: in the operating position shown, the readiness to fire, is the rear end 49 of the trigger 43 over the rear end of the trigger 33, the one Engagement nose 39 forms, with the trigger 33 released and is in the front position. In the second Operating position, the deduction 33 is deducted itself in the rear position, and the trigger lever 43 is pushed forward by the trigger spring 53 and sets with the counter gallery 47 against the circumference of the tap 13, while the rear end 49 in a recess 41st immersed, which is formed on the top of the trigger 33 and bounded to the rear by the engagement nose 39 is.

The trigger 33 is in the ready position of the figure pulled off, i.e. pulled back, then the engagement nose lifts 39 the rear end 53 of the trigger 43 upwards, whereby this pivoted about the trigger axis 35 is and with the counter gallery 47 down dives so that this releases the locking tunnels 19 - the Tap 13 knocks off. At the same time the trigger spring pushes 53 the trigger lever 43 to the front because of its front End of the locking cleats 19 no longer acts, and the trigger lever 43 falls in with its rear end 49 the recess 41, and so deep until the counter gallery 49 abuts against the circumference of the tap 13.

After the shot is triggered, the tap 13 is released the retracting closure, not shown here again excited, the locking gallery 19 drives over the counter gallery 47 forward and the rooster reverses its movement after reaching a dead center again until the Locking cleats 19 come into engagement with the counter cleats 47 and the tap 13 held shortly before its clamping position becomes. If the trigger is now released, then he snaps forward and his engagement nose 31 dips down behind the rear end 49 of the trigger 43 gone. Now the trigger lever 43 from the locking stud 19th pushed a little bit back until he got his back Has reached end position, which is shown in the figure. Now the cock 13 is again in its clamping position.

There is one behind and above the engagement nose 39 the handle 1 transverse locking shaft 55, which can take different (here two) rotational positions and is held there by means of a catch (catch spring 69). On the back of the trigger 33 and opposite the engaging nose 39 is an integrated safety extension (not visible in the drawing) which reaches up to the locking shaft 55. If this is based on its scope, then that is Deduction determined (security position). Will the locking shaft then twisted until the upper end of the fuse extension then there is a depression the trigger can be pushed back because this Deepening an immersion of the securing extension and so that the pivoting movement of the trigger 33 allows.

Up to this point, the trigger and tee device according to the invention is correct with the known known above, and therefore the deduction weight is correct for both agree that, as is common with a military weapon, right is high.

In the tee device according to the invention Tap 13 at a point that corresponds to the tap handle of a revolver tap corresponds to a projection 101. Furthermore is at the level of the safety shaft 55, but behind it, an axis 109 parallel to the cock shaft 21 in the handle 1 arranged at the rear end of a pivot lever 103 is pivoted. The axis 109 also penetrates the eyes of two juxtaposed and identical Escapement springs 105, which resemble flat clothespin springs, only one of which is visible and the swivel lever 103 press down with its front end. This front end carries a pawl 107, which is a lower, flat Has edge that in the clamping position shown the projection 101 of the tap 13 and this through Effect of the inhibitor springs 105 tries to push down. As a result, the tap 13 is not pushed back, but the force with which the locking studs 19 of Cock 13 against the counter lug 47 of the trigger lever 43 is depressed, the effect of the inhibiting springs 105 is reduced the trigger 33 has become softer, i.e. the trigger weight is reduced.

If the trigger 33 is now withdrawn, the tap 13 released, and since the force of the striking spring, which on Projection 101 takes effect, which is also on the projection overcomes the acting force of the escapement springs 105, the Tap 13 below unhindered after the pivot lever 103 by the force of the striking spring with its front End was pivoted upwards. Now the shot triggered, and at the same time the pivot lever 103 returns approximately back to the position shown in the figure. The pawl 107 is by a pawl spring, not shown held in the position shown.

While the cock 13 is now cocked again, i.e. in the the position shown in the figure is moved back, runs Projection 101 on the front inclined surface shown Pawl 107 presses it against the action of the pawl spring backwards and runs to a dead center, after which the tap 13 runs back into the position of the figure and again with the protrusion 101 on the lower edge of the Jack 107 sits on.

The pivot lever 103 has a window that from the Locking shaft 55 is penetrated. The top inside edge of the window has a cam projection that follows below and in the fire readiness position shown in a recess in the outer circumferential surface of the securing shaft 55 dips. Now the locking shaft 55 in the securing position is twisted, then the outer circumference reaches under the locking shaft 55 the cam projection and thus lifts the pivot lever 103 so that the projection 101 and the pawl 107 disengage.

The same inhibiting device could also be used in the known trigger device be installed if there is the trigger weight should be reduced drastically.

Claims (11)

1. A tripping device for small arms, having a striker (13), which can be fixed in a cocking position by a trigger mechanism (33, 43) or can be released after its actuation and after release can move by the action of a main spring over a path into a neutral position so as to bring about the priming of a cartridge there, characterised by a jamming device (103, 105, 107) which is set up to apply a jamming force, which is opposite to the force of the main spring and is less than it, to the striker (13, 101) only in its cocking position.
2. A tripping device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the jamming device (103, 105, 107) is set up to remain at least largely ineffective during the movement of the striker (13, 101) out of the neutral position into the cocking position.
3. A tripping device according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the jamming device (103, 105, 108) is constructed as a directional locking mechanism which engages by jamming in the striker (13, 101) only during its movement out of the cocking position into the neutral position.
4. A tripping device according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised by a safety device (55), which in its safety position neutralises the engagement between the jamming device (103, 105, 107) and striker (13, 101).
5. A tripping device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the jamming device (103, 105, 107) can be brought into a permanently ineffective position.
6. A tripping device according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the striker is constructed as a cock (13), which travels the path in an orbit around an axis (21), and in that the cock (13) has a protruding projection (101) on its periphery, which can be brought into engagement with the jamming device (103, 105, 107).
7. A tripping device according to Claim 6, characterised in that the jamming device (103, 105, 107) comprises a jamming finger (103) which can be applied by the force of a jamming spring (105) from outside the path against the projection (101) when the cock (13) is situated in the cocking position.
8. A tripping device according to Claim 7, characterised in that the jamming finger is constructed as a swivel lever (103), which can be pivoted by its one end and can be placed by its other end against the projection (101), and in that the jamming spring (105) stresses the swivel lever (103) to rest against the projection (101).
9. A tripping device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the end of the swivel lever (103) which can be placed against the projection (101) comprises a pawl (107) which can be resiliently swivelled out and is supported on the projection (101) of the cock (13) under the action of the jamming spring (105) when said cock is in the cocking position, but on contact with the projection (101) swivels out of engagement therewith when the cock (13) is moved out of the neutral position into the cocking position.
10. A tripping device according to one of Claims 8 or 9, characterised in that the swivel lever (103) is pressed by the jamming spring (105) against the surface of a non-circular, twistable safety shaft (55), which in a first turning position effects the safety of the trigger mechanism and/or of the tripping device and in a second turning position releases it, and in that the safety shaft (55) comprises a peripheral raised portion which in the first turning position engages beneath the swivel lever (103)) and lifts it out of engagement with the projection (101) of the cock (13).
11. A tripping device according to Claim 10, characterised in that the safety shaft (55) has the following features:

    a third turning position, in which the trigger mechanism and the tripping device are released,

    another peripheral raised portion or peripheral recess which raises the swivel lever (103) or into which the swivel lever (103) drops and in so doing comes into a position in which is free from engagement with the projection (101) of the cock (13), even if this is in the cocking position.

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