EP1112605A1 - Superconducting leads - Google Patents

Superconducting leads

Info

Publication number
EP1112605A1
EP1112605A1 EP99951406A EP99951406A EP1112605A1 EP 1112605 A1 EP1112605 A1 EP 1112605A1 EP 99951406 A EP99951406 A EP 99951406A EP 99951406 A EP99951406 A EP 99951406A EP 1112605 A1 EP1112605 A1 EP 1112605A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
superconducting
current lead
board
lead
superconducting current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99951406A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1112605B1 (en
Inventor
Darren Michael Spiller
Michael Patrick Webb
Carlos Beduz
Yifeng Yang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Prysmian Cables and Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Pirelli Cables 2000 Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pirelli Cables 2000 Ltd filed Critical Pirelli Cables 2000 Ltd
Publication of EP1112605A1 publication Critical patent/EP1112605A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1112605B1 publication Critical patent/EP1112605B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/68—Connections to or between superconductive connectors

Definitions

  • Superconducting Leads This invention relates to superconducting leads, primarily for use as "current leads", meaning (as customary among superconductivity experts) leads for conveying current to a apparatus operating at a cryogenic temperature from a source at a substantially higher temperature.
  • the cryogenic temperature will be a "liquid helium” temperature in the vicinity of 4K and the higher temperature will be liquid nitrogen temperature (around 77K) or lower.
  • Superconducting current leads are preferred, when the level of the higher temperature makes it possible, both because their own losses electrical are smaller than for comparable metal current leads and also because they can have substantially higher thermal resistance and often appreciably reduce overall refrigeration losses of the apparatus.
  • Superconducting current leads have been made with "bulk” ceramic superconductor powder, either compressed and sintered into self-supporting blocks or packed into a silver (or silver alloy) tube and suitably compressed. They have also been made with ceramic superconductors in tape form, as they would now normally be used for winding coils or making power cables.
  • the superconducting lead in accordance with the invention comprises a supporting board with at least one superconducting tape adhered to it and extending from one terminal area of the lead to another; respective metal end- fittings soldered to the superconducting tape at each of its ends; and in each of the terminal areas at least one metal insert bonded to the said board and also soldered to the corresponding one of the said end-fittings.
  • longitudinal mechanical stresses can be carried from the end-fittings directly to the board, bypassing and so relieving of stress the soldered joints to the tape .
  • the board, or each board as the case may be, may support any convenient number of superconducting tapes.
  • the board, or each of them is flat and supports two or more tapes coplanar with one another on one or on each of its major faces, so that the whole flat side and both edges of each tape are accessible for soldering without requiring a complex shape for the terminal member.
  • two or three tapes can be superposed on one another if compactness is of over-riding importance.
  • the metal inserts, as well as the terminal members, are preferably of copper, especially high-condutivity "oxygen-free" copper (and the terminal members preferably plated with gold or silver) . They are conveniently simple rectangular strips along (or parallel and close to) the appropriate edges of the board. Strips only a few millimetres wide are effective and considerered adequate, but if desired they could be wide enough to facilitate reinforcement by drilling to accomodate a transverse pin of metal or other hard material.
  • Suitable boards with copper very strongly bonded over substantially its whole area is readily available as it is widely used to make circuit boards for electronics applications.
  • One suitable board is a resin-bonded fibreglass board clad with about 35 ⁇ m of copper and coated with a positive working photoresist to comply with BS 4581, sold under the trademark "Fotoboard” and grade code " R4" by Mega Electronics. Copper can be removed, except for the required inserts, by imagewise exposure to UV light, development and etching (for which the board is designed) or by machining. It is the applicants' understanding that this board is made by in-si tu curing of the fibre-bonding resin on a pre-formed and specially prepared (etched) copper sheet.
  • the (or each) superconducting tape is bonded to the board over the whole area of the tape.
  • a suitable adhesive is manufactured by Grace Specialty Polymers and sold in the United Kingdom by Emerson Cumming (UK) Ltd under the trademark "Eccobond 286" and is understood to be an epoxy resin product filled with an oxide of aluminium or of zirconium to improve matching of thermal expansion characteristics .
  • the lead may incorporate two or more boards with superconducting tapes as described, preferably but not necessarily arranged parallel to one another; they may be alike (typically resulting in a rectangular cross-section) or may differ in width (with or without the number of tapes differing) , for example to give an overall round cross- section.
  • Silver/silver alloy clad ceramic superconductor tapes can be successfully soldered to the terminal members by a suitable solder; we prefer solders comprising (by weight) equal parts of lead and bismuth or 2 parts of lead, 5 parts of bismuth and 3 parts of tin, but ordinary tin/lead eutectic solder can be used.
  • the superconducting tape(s) is/are preferably coated to protect from contact with coolant; Nova Tran Ltd offer a custom coating service under the trademark "Parylene” and for this coating a thickness of about 30-40 ⁇ m is recommended; but other coatings can be used.
  • the applicants do not know whether the process operated by Nova Tran Ltd (described as a gas phase deposition) resembles the technique using pyrolysed poly-para-xylylene described in US patent 4508760. In most such cases a tubular shroud with appropriate apertures for vapour flow will be added after coating.
  • vapour-cooling is not desired, then we prefer to protect the lead by adding a closely-fitting enclosure and "potting" by introduction of a suitable hardening resin (such as Eccobond 286 referred to above) into the remaining clearances.
  • a suitable hardening resin such as Eccobond 286 referred to above
  • Such enclosure is suitable made from a resin- bonded fibre glass material similar to the material of the board or boards; a suitable material is sold by Tufnol Ltd under their trademark TUFNOL and the product code 10G/40.
  • the terminal members may project axially for external connection, but where the installation geometry permits we prefer that they project laterally, so as to accomodate the maximum length of superconductor, and thus minimise thermal conductance of the lead.
  • Figure 1 is a partly diagrammatic elevation of an end part of one form of lead in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section on the line II-II in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is an elevation, corresponding to Figure 1, showing an alternative form of lead in accordance with the invention and incorporating a number of independent options; this figure shows the lead in an unfinished condition, as will be explained below.
  • the lead of Figures 1 and 2 is based on a narrow strip of double-sided FOTOBOARD circuit board 1 with the copper layers entirely etched away except for narrow strips 2, 2 at each end (only one end is shown, the other may be identical) .
  • the exposed surfaces of the tapes are thinly coated with the PARYLENE polymer coating identified above and the board enclosed by a plastics shroud 6 provided with openings 7 for the flow of coolant.
  • the terminal member 4 extends to the side of the lead proper - it is a "flag” rather than a “spade” type terminal. This permits the superconducting, and relatively thermally insulating, part of the lead to be as long as the nature of the installation permits.
  • Second, it comprises two similar boards 1 for increased supercurrent capacity. Higher numbers can be used, and different widths of board with the same or different numbers of tapes can be used to meet design requirements: for example, three parallel boards with the central one wider than the others allows an approximation to circular cross- section, when desired.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Lead Frames For Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)

Abstract

A superconducting lead comprises a supporting board (1) with at least one superconducting tape (3) adhered to it and extending from one terminal area of the lead to another. Respective metal end-fittings soldered to the superconducting tape (3) at each of its ends, and in each of the terminal areas at least one metal insert is bonded to the board (1) and also soldered to the corresponding one of the said end-fittings, so relieving the tapes (3) of mechanical stress. The board (1), or each of them, is preferably flat and may support two or more superconducting tapes (3) coplanar with one another on one or on each of its major faces. The metal inserts are preferably of copper and may be made by removing most of the copper cladding from a commercially available circuit board (1).

Description

Superconducting Leads This invention relates to superconducting leads, primarily for use as "current leads", meaning (as customary among superconductivity experts) leads for conveying current to a apparatus operating at a cryogenic temperature from a source at a substantially higher temperature. In most applications the cryogenic temperature will be a "liquid helium" temperature in the vicinity of 4K and the higher temperature will be liquid nitrogen temperature (around 77K) or lower.
Superconducting current leads are preferred, when the level of the higher temperature makes it possible, both because their own losses electrical are smaller than for comparable metal current leads and also because they can have substantially higher thermal resistance and often appreciably reduce overall refrigeration losses of the apparatus.
Superconducting current leads have been made with "bulk" ceramic superconductor powder, either compressed and sintered into self-supporting blocks or packed into a silver (or silver alloy) tube and suitably compressed. They have also been made with ceramic superconductors in tape form, as they would now normally be used for winding coils or making power cables. However, "bulk" superconductor leads are brittle, mechanically weak, and are liable to be destroyed if fault conditions lead to loss of superconductivity; superconducting tapes are self-protecting from such faults as the silver/silver alloy content is sufficient to carry the current as a normal conductor for short periods and they are flexible and somewhat more resistant to thermal cycling shock, but they still have little inherent strength, and as the thermal stresses are necessarily rather large in a current lead operating with its ends at very different temperatures and subject at least occasionally to cycles to room temperature, they need mechanical support. One satisfactory way of giving mechanical support is to bond the tapes with a suitable adhesive to support (this may be of various cross-sections but our own preference is that it should be flat and for convenience we refer to it as a "board") of a resin-bonded fibre glass or other material having thermal expansion characteristics reasonably similar to those of the tape. Even then, substantial stresses arise at the terminations, where the tapes will normally be connected to a solid copper conductor by soldering, and it is the applicants' experience that this may result in partial or complete failure of the soldered connection and that, even under favourable conditions, the contact resistance at the two terminations may account for as much as a fifth of the total losses in the current lead.
It is an object of the invention to provide a superconducting lead suitable for use as a current lead in which the terminations are secure and the terminal contact resistance stabilised at a low value.
The superconducting lead in accordance with the invention comprises a supporting board with at least one superconducting tape adhered to it and extending from one terminal area of the lead to another; respective metal end- fittings soldered to the superconducting tape at each of its ends; and in each of the terminal areas at least one metal insert bonded to the said board and also soldered to the corresponding one of the said end-fittings. In this way, longitudinal mechanical stresses can be carried from the end-fittings directly to the board, bypassing and so relieving of stress the soldered joints to the tape .
There may be more than one board, and the board, or each board as the case may be, may support any convenient number of superconducting tapes. Preferably the board, or each of them, is flat and supports two or more tapes coplanar with one another on one or on each of its major faces, so that the whole flat side and both edges of each tape are accessible for soldering without requiring a complex shape for the terminal member. However, two or three tapes (or more, at an increasing penalty) can be superposed on one another if compactness is of over-riding importance.
The metal inserts, as well as the terminal members, are preferably of copper, especially high-condutivity "oxygen-free" copper (and the terminal members preferably plated with gold or silver) . They are conveniently simple rectangular strips along (or parallel and close to) the appropriate edges of the board. Strips only a few millimetres wide are effective and considerered adequate, but if desired they could be wide enough to facilitate reinforcement by drilling to accomodate a transverse pin of metal or other hard material.
Suitable boards with copper very strongly bonded over substantially its whole area is readily available as it is widely used to make circuit boards for electronics applications. One suitable board is a resin-bonded fibreglass board clad with about 35μm of copper and coated with a positive working photoresist to comply with BS 4581, sold under the trademark "Fotoboard" and grade code " R4" by Mega Electronics. Copper can be removed, except for the required inserts, by imagewise exposure to UV light, development and etching (for which the board is designed) or by machining. It is the applicants' understanding that this board is made by in-si tu curing of the fibre-bonding resin on a pre-formed and specially prepared (etched) copper sheet.
Preferably the (or each) superconducting tape is bonded to the board over the whole area of the tape. A suitable adhesive is manufactured by Grace Specialty Polymers and sold in the United Kingdom by Emerson Cumming (UK) Ltd under the trademark "Eccobond 286" and is understood to be an epoxy resin product filled with an oxide of aluminium or of zirconium to improve matching of thermal expansion characteristics .
The lead may incorporate two or more boards with superconducting tapes as described, preferably but not necessarily arranged parallel to one another; they may be alike (typically resulting in a rectangular cross-section) or may differ in width (with or without the number of tapes differing) , for example to give an overall round cross- section. Silver/silver alloy clad ceramic superconductor tapes can be successfully soldered to the terminal members by a suitable solder; we prefer solders comprising (by weight) equal parts of lead and bismuth or 2 parts of lead, 5 parts of bismuth and 3 parts of tin, but ordinary tin/lead eutectic solder can be used.
If it is desired that the lead should be "vapour- cooled", the superconducting tape(s) is/are preferably coated to protect from contact with coolant; Nova Tran Ltd offer a custom coating service under the trademark "Parylene" and for this coating a thickness of about 30-40 μm is recommended; but other coatings can be used. The applicants do not know whether the process operated by Nova Tran Ltd (described as a gas phase deposition) resembles the technique using pyrolysed poly-para-xylylene described in US patent 4508760. In most such cases a tubular shroud with appropriate apertures for vapour flow will be added after coating.
If "vapour-cooling" is not desired, then we prefer to protect the lead by adding a closely-fitting enclosure and "potting" by introduction of a suitable hardening resin (such as Eccobond 286 referred to above) into the remaining clearances. Such enclosure is suitable made from a resin- bonded fibre glass material similar to the material of the board or boards; a suitable material is sold by Tufnol Ltd under their trademark TUFNOL and the product code 10G/40. The terminal members may project axially for external connection, but where the installation geometry permits we prefer that they project laterally, so as to accomodate the maximum length of superconductor, and thus minimise thermal conductance of the lead. The invention will be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: Figure 1 is a partly diagrammatic elevation of an end part of one form of lead in accordance with the invention; Figure 2 is a cross-section on the line II-II in Figure 1; and Figure 3 is an elevation, corresponding to Figure 1, showing an alternative form of lead in accordance with the invention and incorporating a number of independent options; this figure shows the lead in an unfinished condition, as will be explained below. The lead of Figures 1 and 2 is based on a narrow strip of double-sided FOTOBOARD circuit board 1 with the copper layers entirely etched away except for narrow strips 2, 2 at each end (only one end is shown, the other may be identical) . On each of the so exposed faces of the board superconducting tapes 3 each consisting of one or more "filament" of a "high temperature" ceramic superconducting material (preferably of the BISCCO family) are adhered using Eccobond 286 low- expansion epoxy adhesive. The end of the board is inserted in a slot in a gold-plated copper terminal member 4 and bonded to it by a solder 5 consisting of equal parts by weight of lead and bismuth. This bonds securely both to the tapes 3 (providing a low-resistance electrical connection) and to the copper strips 2 (providing a strong mechanical connection from the board 1 to the terminal member 4 which is wholly independent of the tapes 3) .
In the case of a vapour-cooled lead, the exposed surfaces of the tapes (and optionally those of the boards as well) are thinly coated with the PARYLENE polymer coating identified above and the board enclosed by a plastics shroud 6 provided with openings 7 for the flow of coolant.
Note that in this design, the terminal member 4 extends to the side of the lead proper - it is a "flag" rather than a "spade" type terminal. This permits the superconducting, and relatively thermally insulating, part of the lead to be as long as the nature of the installation permits.
The alternative design shown in Figure 3 illustrates a number of variants, any of which may be used separately as well as together.
First, it is a "spade" type terminal with the axes of the lead and the terminal member coincident, and so is suitable for direct substitution for a conventional current lead of similar shape.
Second, it comprises two similar boards 1 for increased supercurrent capacity. Higher numbers can be used, and different widths of board with the same or different numbers of tapes can be used to meet design requirements: for example, three parallel boards with the central one wider than the others allows an approximation to circular cross- section, when desired.
Third, it is not intended for use with vapour cooling. Consequently, instead of coating the tapes and adding an open tubular housing, the assembly is completed by a jacket made up of two components of resin-bonded fibreglass (TUFNOL 10G/40) machined to fit around the boards and terminal members with only a small clearance. The drawing shows one of these jacket components 7 in place and omits the other for clarity. Once both components are in place, the remaining clearances 8 are filled with an epoxy resin by a vacuum impregnation technique to form a fully potted lead.

Claims

1 A superconducting lead comprising a supporting board with at least one superconducting tape adhered to it and extending from one terminal area of the lead to another; respective metal end-fittings soldered to the superconducting tape at each of its ends; and in each of the terminal areas at least one metal insert bonded to the said board and also soldered to the corresponding one of the said end-fittings.
2 A superconducting current lead as claimed in claim 1 in which the board, or each of them, is flat and supports two or more superconducting tapes coplanar with one another on one or on each of its major faces.
3 A superconducting current lead as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 in which the metal inserts, as well as the terminal members, are of copper.
4 A superconducting current lead as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 in which the metal inserts, as well as the terminal members, are of high conductivity oxygen-free copper.
5 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-4 in which the metal inserts are simple rectangular strips along (or parallel and close to) the appropriate edges of the board.
6 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-5 comprising two or more said boards which differ in width, with or without the number of tapes differing.
7 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-6 in which the superconducting tape(s) is/are coated to protect from contact with coolant.
8 A superconducting current lead as claimed in claim 7 further comprising a tubular shroud with apertures for vapour flow.
9 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-6 comprising a closely-fitting enclosure and "potting" resin in remaining clearances. 10 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 in which the terminal members project laterally. 11 A superconducting current lead substantially as described with reference to Figures 1-2; to Figure 3; or to all the Figures.
AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the International Bureau on 07 February 2000 (07.02.00); original claims 1-11 replaced by new claims 1-12 (2 pages)]
1 A superconducting lead comprising a supporting board, at least one superconducting tape adhered to the supporting board, a terminal member forming a metal end-fitting soldered to the superconducting tape at an end of the supporting board and at least one metal insert bonded to the supporting board and soldered to the metal end-fitting.
2 A superconducting lead comprising two terminal members, a supporting board extending between the terminal members, at least one superconducting tape adhered to the supporting board, wherein each terminal member forms a metal end- fitting soldered to the superconducting tape at respective ends of the supporting board and at least one metal insert bonded to the supporting board and soldered to the respective metal end- fitting .
3 A superconducting current lead as claimed m claim 1 or claim 2 in which the board is flat and supports two or more superconducting tapes coplanar with one another on one or on each major face of the board.
4 A superconducting current lead as claimed m claims 1-3 m which the metal inserts, as well as the terminal members, are of copper.
5 A superconducting current lead as claimed m claims 1-3 m which the metal inserts, as well as the terminal members, are of high conductivity oxygen-free copper. 6 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-5 in which the metal inserts are rectangular strips along an edge of the board.
7 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-6 comprising two or more said boards which differ in width, with or without the number of tapes differing.
8 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 in which the superconducting tape(s) is/are coated to protect from contact with coolant .
9 A superconducting lead as claimed in claim 8 further comprising a tubular shroud with apertures for vapour flow.
10 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 comprising a closely-fitting enclosure and "potting" resin in remaining clearances.
11 A superconducting current lead as claimed in any one of claims 1-10 in which the terminal members project laterally.
12 A superconducting current lead substantially as described with reference to Figures 1-2; to Figure 3; or to all the Figures.
EP99951406A 1998-09-09 1999-09-09 Superconducting leads Expired - Lifetime EP1112605B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9819545.6A GB9819545D0 (en) 1998-09-09 1998-09-09 Superconducting leads
GB9819545 1998-09-09
PCT/US1999/020526 WO2000014827A1 (en) 1998-09-09 1999-09-09 Superconducting leads

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1112605A1 true EP1112605A1 (en) 2001-07-04
EP1112605B1 EP1112605B1 (en) 2009-03-04

Family

ID=10838505

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99951406A Expired - Lifetime EP1112605B1 (en) 1998-09-09 1999-09-09 Superconducting leads

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1112605B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002524833A (en)
CN (1) CN1129980C (en)
AT (1) ATE424635T1 (en)
AU (1) AU762029B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9913590A (en)
CA (1) CA2342604C (en)
DE (1) DE69940520D1 (en)
GB (1) GB9819545D0 (en)
NZ (1) NZ510638A (en)
WO (1) WO2000014827A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE60103755T2 (en) * 2001-08-27 2005-07-07 Pirelli & C. S.P.A. Termination of the conductor of a superconducting cable
US7040002B2 (en) 2001-08-27 2006-05-09 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. Method for terminating a conductor of a superconducting cable
JP4857436B2 (en) * 2003-03-14 2012-01-18 Ｄｏｗａエレクトロニクス株式会社 Oxide superconducting current lead, superconducting system, and method for connecting metal conductor to metal superconducting conductor
JP4857435B2 (en) * 2003-02-06 2012-01-18 Ｄｏｗａエレクトロニクス株式会社 Oxide superconducting current lead, manufacturing method thereof, and superconducting system
DE10318487A1 (en) * 2003-04-16 2004-11-25 Siemens Ag Contacting connection for use with superconducting transformer has mechanically fixed connection part designed to substantially fully enclose end of superconducting wire
DE102005058029B4 (en) 2005-12-05 2010-10-07 Zenergy Power Gmbh Power supply for cryogenic electrical systems
GB2504144B (en) * 2012-07-20 2014-07-16 Siemens Plc Superconducting joints
JP6125350B2 (en) * 2013-06-25 2017-05-10 昭和電線ケーブルシステム株式会社 Superconducting wire connection and superconducting current lead
CN106825838B (en) * 2017-03-06 2019-10-29 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of indium mounted welder and its method for inside superconducting joint box
CN110582815B (en) * 2017-05-19 2021-01-01 住友电气工业株式会社 Superconducting wire, superconducting coil, superconducting magnet, and superconducting device

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FR2678432B1 (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-09-03 Alsthom Gec METHOD OF BONDING BETWEEN A HIGH CRITICAL TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVE CERAMIC AND A NIOBIUM-TITANIUM SUPERCONDUCTIVE CONDUCTOR.
DE4227877A1 (en) * 1992-08-22 1994-02-24 Philips Patentverwaltung Miniaturized SQUID module, especially for multi-channel magnetometers
JPH0869827A (en) * 1994-08-31 1996-03-12 Toshiba Corp Terminal part of ac superconducting apparatus
JPH0997637A (en) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-08 Chodendo Hatsuden Kanren Kiki Zairyo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai Joint part of oxide superconductor and metal terminal, and its forming method
JPH10125368A (en) * 1996-10-22 1998-05-15 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Mounting-structure for oxide superconducting current lead

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1112605B1 (en) 2009-03-04
ATE424635T1 (en) 2009-03-15
WO2000014827A1 (en) 2000-03-16
NZ510638A (en) 2003-11-28
AU762029B2 (en) 2003-06-19
DE69940520D1 (en) 2009-04-16
CN1129980C (en) 2003-12-03
GB9819545D0 (en) 1998-10-28
BR9913590A (en) 2001-06-05
CA2342604A1 (en) 2000-03-16
CN1338134A (en) 2002-02-27
JP2002524833A (en) 2002-08-06
CA2342604C (en) 2007-05-15
AU6384899A (en) 2000-03-27

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