EP1111552A2 - Geldscheinprüfung - Google Patents

Geldscheinprüfung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1111552A2
EP1111552A2 EP00311408A EP00311408A EP1111552A2 EP 1111552 A2 EP1111552 A2 EP 1111552A2 EP 00311408 A EP00311408 A EP 00311408A EP 00311408 A EP00311408 A EP 00311408A EP 1111552 A2 EP1111552 A2 EP 1111552A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
properties
analysed
received
areas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00311408A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1111552A3 (de
Inventor
Ulf Larsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Armatic AB
Original Assignee
Armatic AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Armatic AB filed Critical Armatic AB
Publication of EP1111552A2 publication Critical patent/EP1111552A2/de
Publication of EP1111552A3 publication Critical patent/EP1111552A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • G07D7/1205—Testing spectral properties

Definitions

  • This invention relates to authentication of design material applied to surfaces, particularly bank notes.
  • Machines which accept bank notes such as automatic vending machines, change machines and the like, require authentication apparatus which is capable of distinguishing between genuine notes and counterfeit copies.
  • authentication apparatus receives light at different wavelengths from the entire surface of the bank note. The received light is analysed in an integrated manner throughout the surface so that reliable authentication can be achieved irrespective of the orientation or positioning of the bank note.
  • bank note forgery The rapid development which has taken place in relation to equipment of this nature has led to an increase in bank note forgery.
  • the quality of the counterfeit bank notes is not usually good enough to deceive the human eye and fingers, but the position is different with conventional electronic bank note readers.
  • Present day bank notes incorporate security features, such as magnetic printing, intaglio printing, holograms, internal threads, fluorescence, micro-printing, etc., which are mostly intended for the human eye.
  • conventional bank note readers tend to use techniques based on low-resolution pattern and colour recognition using broad band light emitting diodes and standard photo diodes.
  • Conventional electronic bank note readers can be deceived by counterfeit notes produced with laser or inkjet colour printers, and many of the above mentioned security features can be readily counterfeited to the extent necessary to deceive the reader.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved authentication technique, and apparatus using the technique, which is capable of distinguishing effectively between original design material, such as is applied to the surface of a bank note, and counterfeit copies of such material, in particular by relying on a characteristic of the genuine material which is difficult or expensive to counterfeit yet which is fast, easy and cheap to verify with an automatic reader.
  • a method of authenticating design material applied to a surface wherein light received from an examined such surface is analysed and properties thereof are compared with reference properties pertaining to a genuine such surface, characterised in that the properties are compared with reference to transitions at edges of the design material whereby such material is established as authenticated when the sharpness of such transitions exceeds a predetermined level.
  • one characteristic that separates a genuine bank note from a counterfeit note printed with a computer colour printer is the sharp edges of the ink that the offset and intaglio presses produce.
  • Computer colour printers create colours by mixing a limited number of base colours. This technique creates blurred edges when viewed in high resolution.
  • the intaglio and offset presses are very expensive and therefore not readily accessible to the ordinary counterfeiter. Thus, it can be difficult to deceive the technique of the invention without incurring high expense.
  • the invention can be put into practice conveniently and inexpensively.
  • the invention can therefore meet two principal criteria of bank note authentication, namely, reliance on a characteristic which is expensive to reproduce exactly in its genuine form, and use of an authentication method which can be convenient and inexpensive to put into practice.
  • the method of the invention may be utilised alone or in combination with any other authentication technique e.g. the technique of GB 2122743B.
  • the method of the invention involves analysis of changes in properties between adjacent discrete areas of the surface.
  • the discrete areas may comprise small quadrants or pixels which may have an area no larger than 0.02mm 2 and preferably which are much smaller, say down to 0.002mm 2 .
  • the invention is however not necessarily restricted to this range of 0.002mm 2 -0.02mm 2 and areas outside this range may be used.
  • the use of very small areas gives high accuracy of contrast, but requires very high speed measuring equipment which may be more costly.
  • the areas may be analysed by measuring received light intensity (signal amplitude) and this may be effected sequentially from area to adjacent area.
  • the analysed changes in properties may constitute rate of change of amplitude from area to adjacent area.
  • the analysis may be performed over part or all of the surface, preferably over the entire surface.
  • the rate of change of signal amplitude may be measured from area to area over part of the surface or the entire surface and a mean or averaged value may be derived and used for comparison purposes to establish authentication.
  • the analysis may be effected by sequentially receiving light from the different areas using any suitable static or moving examination or scanning technique. Alternatively, the analysis may be effected by receiving light from the surface and properties derived therefrom for the respective areas.
  • the received light may be of any suitable nature and may be monochromatic, or multi-colour, or white light, including light within and/or close to the visual spectrum.
  • Monochromatic light may be suitable for determination of sharpness.
  • Multi-colour or white light may be advantageous if other properties of the surface are additionally examined for authentication.
  • the light may be received after transmission through or reflection from the surface.
  • multi-colour or white light there may be multiple different monochromatic sources with respective multiple different monochromatic receivers, or there may be a single, e.g. white light, source with multiple different monochromatic receivers.
  • Other arrangements are also possible.
  • the surface is provided by a bank note and the method may be applied to one or both surfaces.
  • the invention also provides apparatus for use in performing the above method comprising means for receiving a surface having thereon design material to be authenticated relative to predetermined genuine such material, at least one light source for illuminating the surface, at least one receiver for receiving light from the surface, and an analyser for analysing data representing received light from the surface, said analyser including a comparator to compare this data with corresponding data pertaining to the genuine material, characterised in that the comparator is arranged to compare the data with reference to transitions at edges of the design material so as to produce an indication of authentication when the sharpness of such transitions is greater than a predetermined level.
  • the light source may comprise one or more LED's or photo diodes or any other suitable devices.
  • the light receiver may comprise a scanner of any suitable construction.
  • the analyser may be provided by a micro-computer system.
  • Bank note authentication apparatus as shown in the drawing, has an inlet slot 1 with driven rollers 2 in communication with an illumination chamber 3.
  • a bank note support bed 4 Within the chamber 3 there is a bank note support bed 4, monochromatic light sources 5 arranged to illuminate the support bed (e.g. at c.570nm wavelength), and a scanner 6 arranged to scan the region of the support bed.
  • monochromatic light sources 5 arranged to illuminate the support bed (e.g. at c.570nm wavelength)
  • a scanner 6 arranged to scan the region of the support bed.
  • the scanner 6 is connected to electronic control equipment 7 including a microprocessor control unit 8, an analyser 9 including a comparator 10 and a reference data store 11, and input and output devices 12, 13.
  • the chamber 3 has an outlet slot 14 which is selectively in communication with a bank note receiving device 15, and a bank note return slot 16.
  • a bank note 17 is inserted through the slot 1 and is advanced into the chamber 3 by means of the driven rollers 2.
  • the top surface of the bank note 17 on the support bed 4 is illuminated by the light sources 5.
  • the scanner 6 operates to scan the illuminated top surface of the bank note 17 and receive an analogue signal of varying amplitude representing reflected light intensity correlated with the scanned position on the surface of the note 17.
  • This continuous analogue output is converted to discrete signals corresponding to the light intensity (signal amplitude) at each successive pixel area of the surface having a defined area in the range 0.002-0.02mm 2
  • An 8-bit digital output of signal strength say 1.55 to 3.62 VDC is derived.
  • the analyser 9 computes a rate of change of amplitude between successive adjacent areas i.e. between successive derived digital signals.
  • This rate of change is averaged over the entire top surface of the bank note and a final average rate of change is derived.
  • the note is identified e.g. using the technique of GB 2122743B, or otherwise, and the derived average rate of change is compared with a predetermined reference value in the data store 11 for that bank note.
  • the note is accepted and is advanced to the note receiver 15 of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus measures the sharpness of transitions at edges of design material on the top surface of the note.
  • counterfeit copies can be readily detected in a particularly effective and reliable manner.
  • a characteristic of the bank note namely the sharpness of the printing edges, which is very expensive to copy accurately is used for authentication purposes, and the technique of authentication can be performed using convenient and inexpensive apparatus.
  • the arrangement described above therefore meets principal criteria of bank note authentication and is particularly advantageous.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP00311408A 1999-12-21 2000-12-19 Geldscheinprüfung Withdrawn EP1111552A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9930028 1999-12-21
GBGB9930028.7A GB9930028D0 (en) 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 Authentication of designed surfaces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1111552A2 true EP1111552A2 (de) 2001-06-27
EP1111552A3 EP1111552A3 (de) 2003-12-10

Family

ID=10866633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00311408A Withdrawn EP1111552A3 (de) 1999-12-21 2000-12-19 Geldscheinprüfung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1111552A3 (de)
GB (1) GB9930028D0 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004047032A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-03 Guardian Sure Scan Limited Method and apparatus for verifying the authenticity of bank notes

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2122743B (en) 1982-06-29 1986-01-08 Bergstroem Arne Apparatus for authenticating bank notes

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4349111A (en) * 1980-04-04 1982-09-14 Umc Industries, Inc. Paper currency device
US4464786A (en) * 1981-06-17 1984-08-07 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha System for identifying currency note
FR2675428B1 (fr) * 1991-04-18 1993-08-27 Banque De France Document fiduciaire ou de securite presentant un graphisle imprime et des signes de securite.
DE4227613A1 (de) * 1992-08-20 1994-02-24 Gao Ges Automation Org Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Druckbildern auf Dokumenten
US5358088A (en) * 1992-11-25 1994-10-25 Mars Incorporated Horizontal magnetoresistive head apparatus and method for detecting magnetic data

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2122743B (en) 1982-06-29 1986-01-08 Bergstroem Arne Apparatus for authenticating bank notes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004047032A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-03 Guardian Sure Scan Limited Method and apparatus for verifying the authenticity of bank notes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9930028D0 (en) 2000-02-09
EP1111552A3 (de) 2003-12-10

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