EP1111492A1 - Verlustarmer vorgeschalteter Spannungsregler - Google Patents

Verlustarmer vorgeschalteter Spannungsregler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1111492A1
EP1111492A1 EP00309544A EP00309544A EP1111492A1 EP 1111492 A1 EP1111492 A1 EP 1111492A1 EP 00309544 A EP00309544 A EP 00309544A EP 00309544 A EP00309544 A EP 00309544A EP 1111492 A1 EP1111492 A1 EP 1111492A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
circuit
input
battery
integrated circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00309544A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tapio Kuiri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Oyj
Original Assignee
Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
Nokia Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd, Nokia Oyj filed Critical Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
Publication of EP1111492A1 publication Critical patent/EP1111492A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/575—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a low loss voltage preregulator configuration and has particular but not exclusive application to protecting circuitry in portable electronic apparatus such as a mobile telephones.
  • a preregulator is used to avoid applying the excess voltage to the regulator. This is somewhat straight forward at full battery power, but, as the power supply dwindles with use, the voltage drop across the preregulator becomes burdensome. This will shorten the useful life of the battery between charging cycles. It is a purpose of this invention to provide a simple preregulator circuit having means to shut down or minimize the voltage drop through the preregulator when the battery power is at the low end of its cycle.
  • a preregulator circuit is connected between the battery supply of a cellular phone and the input of an integrated circuit regulator to maintain the input of the integrated circuit at a voltage consistent with its rated voltage. This requires a voltage drop in the preregulator circuit. Although this voltage loss is not a problem when the battery is fully charged, it may limit phone operation at the lower end of the battery charge cycle.
  • a shut off circuit is employed to limit the voltage drop in the preregulator at low voltage. The shut off circuit is actuated by a comparator which compares battery voltage to a predetermined minimum threshold voltage. The comparator activates a relay or other switching means to short circuit the preregulator or convert its operation to minimize any voltage drop caused by the preregulator.
  • the basic components of the regulator system are shown in the block diagram of figure 1 and includes a battery 1 which supplies a supply voltage (Vs) to the system.
  • a preregulator circuit 2 is connected to limit the input voltage (VIA) to an integrated circuit 3.
  • An integrated circuit voltage regulator 3 supplies the microprocessor control unit 4 of a cellular phone or other device with a substantially constant voltage.
  • the preregulator 2 controls the voltage (VIA) to the integrated circuit regulator 3. This control is required to reduce the integrated circuit regulator supply voltage V IC to conform to the rated voltage of integrated circuit 3 to insure the proper operation of the regulator 3.
  • a switch module 5 is connected to pregulator 2 to shut down the preregulator 2 when V s falls below a predetermined minimum threshold (V T ).
  • V T can be set at a voltage level just above the minimum operational voltage of the microprocessor control unit 4 and considering the voltage drops of the IC regulator 3 and preregulator 2.
  • Shut down of the preregulator 2 can be accomplished in many ways, but for the present purpose, it is defined as minimizing the voltage drop of the preregulator. This would include a short circuit as shown in the alternate embodiment shown in figure 4. This effectively eliminates the negative effect of the preregulator 2 when V s ⁇ V T . Operation of the cellular phone or other device is therefore extended for an additional period of time.
  • the regulator 3 can be any of the known types of integrated circuit voltage regulators. Its purpose is to provide the microprocessor control 4 with substantially constant voltage for operation of the device. As is well known, the operation of the device is limited by the battery cycle and it is important to preserve the voltage level in particular at the low end of the cycle.
  • the system operates by monitoring the battery voltage V s and comparing it to a threshold voltage VT and minimizing the voltage drop in the preregulator 2 when V s falls below V T .
  • the preregulator 2 senses a voltage V P equal to V s (R 2 /R 1 +R 2 ) which is indicative of the input voltage Vic to the integrated circuit 3 and generates a voltage drop to compensate for the difference between a reference voltage V REF and V P .
  • the reference voltage can be set relative to the rated operational voltage for integrated circuit 3. Variations in operational voltage for the particular IC circuit used are generally accommodated by selecting the values of resistors R 1 and R 2 .
  • the preregulator 2 is typically designed using a differential amplifier 7 which is connected to control the current through MOSFET 8. By adjusting the bias of the MOSFET 8 a voltage occurs that is relative to V REF .
  • the positive terminal of amplifier 7 is connected to a voltage divider made up of resistors R 1 and R 2 .
  • the negative terminal of amplifier 7 is connected to a voltage V p , which is relative to the rated voltage V IC for the IC regulator 3 by the voltage divider resistances R 1 and R2.
  • the switching module 5 consists of a pair of MOSFETS 9 and 10 which are connected to adjust the bias of MOSFET 8 and thereby convert its function to that of a low resistance switch.
  • MOSFETS 9 and 10 allow the MOSFET 8 to operate as preregulator 2 described above in response to the differential amplifier 7.
  • the resistances R 1 and R 2 are selected to provide a voltage VIA to the regulator 3 which is limited to the rated voltage of the regulator e.
  • the V REF may be standardized while the resistances are varied to accommodate the particular IC regulator used.
  • Voltage monitor 6 consists of another differential amplifier or comparator 11 which is connected through a voltage divider made up of a pair of resistors R 3 and R 4 .
  • Comparator 11 is connected to sense the voltage between the resistances R 3 and R4 which is indicative of the battery voltage Vs, i.e. V s (R 4 /R 3 +R 4 ) and compare it to the low threshold voltage VT.
  • V s (R 4 /R 3 +R 4 ) falls below V T
  • an output voltage from comparator 11 is applied through inverter 12 to the switching module 5. This will trigger the MOSFETS 9 and 10 to alter the operation of the preregulator 2 as discussed above. As the battery is recharged, this process is reversed and the preregulator is again engaged to drop the voltage to regulator 3.
  • Comparator 11 is therefore comparing the battery indicator voltage assigned to different voltage levels. When the battery voltage decreases this indicator voltage is equal to V T minus hysteresis voltage. Conversely when the battery voltage increases this indicator voltage is V T plus hysteresis voltage.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative embodiment is shown in figure 4.
  • the MOSFETs 9 and 10 of switch module 5 are replaced with a relay 12 that is operated directly from the output voltage of the differential amplifier 11. The relay closes when the V s falls below V T and completes the shunt circuit 15 to short out the preregulator 2.
  • FIG. 5 Another alternative embodiment is shown in figure 5.
  • the differential amplifier 11 is replaced with an analog to digital converter 13 whose output is processed by microprocessor 14.
  • microprocessor 14 uses appropriate algorithms, microprocessor 14 generates an actuation signal for the relay 12 which will close the shunt circuit 15.
  • This arrangement could also be used to trigger the operation of the MOSFETS 9 and 10 in the circuit of figure 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
EP00309544A 1999-11-30 2000-10-30 Verlustarmer vorgeschalteter Spannungsregler Withdrawn EP1111492A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45061799A 1999-11-30 1999-11-30
US450617 1999-11-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1111492A1 true EP1111492A1 (de) 2001-06-27

Family

ID=23788827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00309544A Withdrawn EP1111492A1 (de) 1999-11-30 2000-10-30 Verlustarmer vorgeschalteter Spannungsregler

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1111492A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2001195136A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2364578A (en) * 2000-03-21 2002-01-30 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Limiting battery supply voltage for lower heating of a voltage regulator
DE102009052836A1 (de) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Schott Ag Schaltungsanordnung für eine LED-Lichtquelle
US8013587B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2011-09-06 Fujitsu Limited DC/DC power supply circuit with a bypass circuit
CN107171371A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2017-09-15 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种实现油机和电池的供电控制方法及装置

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4613112B2 (ja) * 2005-07-22 2011-01-12 富士フイルム株式会社 レギュレータ回路
JP4917393B2 (ja) * 2006-09-08 2012-04-18 ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 電源回路
JP5712683B2 (ja) * 2011-03-07 2015-05-07 株式会社デンソー 電源装置
JP6224505B2 (ja) * 2014-04-10 2017-11-01 日本電信電話株式会社 電源回路、電源システム、および携帯端末装置
JP6143819B2 (ja) * 2015-09-02 2017-06-07 Fdk株式会社 定電圧回路及び電源システム

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4536699A (en) * 1984-01-16 1985-08-20 Gould, Inc. Field effect regulator with stable feedback loop
US4543522A (en) * 1982-11-30 1985-09-24 Thomson-Csf Regulator with a low drop-out voltage
US5629609A (en) * 1994-03-08 1997-05-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method and apparatus for improving the drop-out voltage in a low drop out voltage regulator
US5982158A (en) * 1999-04-19 1999-11-09 Delco Electronics Corporaiton Smart IC power control

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4543522A (en) * 1982-11-30 1985-09-24 Thomson-Csf Regulator with a low drop-out voltage
US4536699A (en) * 1984-01-16 1985-08-20 Gould, Inc. Field effect regulator with stable feedback loop
US5629609A (en) * 1994-03-08 1997-05-13 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method and apparatus for improving the drop-out voltage in a low drop out voltage regulator
US5982158A (en) * 1999-04-19 1999-11-09 Delco Electronics Corporaiton Smart IC power control

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2364578A (en) * 2000-03-21 2002-01-30 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Limiting battery supply voltage for lower heating of a voltage regulator
US8013587B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2011-09-06 Fujitsu Limited DC/DC power supply circuit with a bypass circuit
DE102009052836A1 (de) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Schott Ag Schaltungsanordnung für eine LED-Lichtquelle
US9516711B2 (en) 2009-11-13 2016-12-06 Schott Ag Circuit arrangement for an LED light source
CN107171371A (zh) * 2016-03-07 2017-09-15 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种实现油机和电池的供电控制方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001195136A (ja) 2001-07-19

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