EP1105615A1 - Echelle d'evacuation a barreaux fortement empilables - Google Patents

Echelle d'evacuation a barreaux fortement empilables

Info

Publication number
EP1105615A1
EP1105615A1 EP99921771A EP99921771A EP1105615A1 EP 1105615 A1 EP1105615 A1 EP 1105615A1 EP 99921771 A EP99921771 A EP 99921771A EP 99921771 A EP99921771 A EP 99921771A EP 1105615 A1 EP1105615 A1 EP 1105615A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ladder
rungs
cover
attaching member
escape ladder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99921771A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Aldo J. Dibelardino
Andrew D. Ive
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
X-It Products LLC
X It Products LLC
Original Assignee
X-It Products LLC
X It Products LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25744868&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1105615(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by X-It Products LLC, X It Products LLC filed Critical X-It Products LLC
Publication of EP1105615A1 publication Critical patent/EP1105615A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/52—Ladders in general with non-rigid longitudinal members
    • E06C1/525—Ladders in general with non-rigid longitudinal members made of a continuous strip of material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/52—Ladders in general with non-rigid longitudinal members
    • E06C1/56—Rope or chain ladders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C9/00—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes
    • E06C9/06—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted
    • E06C9/14—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted with non-rigid longitudinal members, e.g. rope or chain ladders, ladders of the lazy-tongs type

Definitions

  • This invention is to an escape ladder which allows an occupant of a building to escape through a window during an emergency, such as a fire.
  • No. 190,342 to Lake discloses a collapsible ladder having rungs that are secured together by metal rods which are formed into rectangular shapes so as to secure two rungs together in a non-collapsed condition of the ladder.
  • Each rung (except the bottom rung) has two sets of holes which are spaced forward and backward on the tread of the rung, with one set of holes for securing the ladder rung from above and the other set of holes for securing the next ladder rung below.
  • U.S. Patent No. 314,287 to Feigenbaum discloses a rope ladder having round rungs which fit between the floor joists of a building, the ladder being deployed when a trap door is removed and put out of the way so as to allow the ladder to be let down to the floor below.
  • U. S. Patent No. 1,424,115 to Nileon discloses a rope ladder having hollow tubular rungs, with the ends of the rungs having one-half removed so as to be semi-circular in cross- section and bent at a right angle to tightly bind a cable, and at the same time engage a wall of a building, whereby the ladder rung will be held away from the side of a building a distance sufficient to permit the user to gain a foot hold on the ladder rung.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,098,372 to Luckey discloses a collapsible ladder made of a non- combustible material having two flexible strings with rungs threaded thereon at spaced distances. These rungs have divergent limbs so that, when the ladder is collapsed, the rungs may be stacked on one another in such a way as to leave between each pair of adjacent rungs a free hollow area for complete reception of segments of a cable or strip elements which support the rungs when the ladder is in use.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,298,097 to Eriksson discloses an escape ladder assembled of rungs, the ends of which are attached between flexible lateral members, with the rungs being of metal material and capable of being stacked, and with the upper portion of the escape ladder intended to be attached to a wall or the like.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,846,306 to Ventz discloses a rope escape ladder including a pair of parallel support ropes and a series of narrow rungs disposed between the support ropes, wherein the rungs are so narrow that no more than one hand or one foot can be placed on a rung at a time.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,605,205 to Douglas et al discloses a collapsible ladder having hooks for securing to a window surface, a rigid spacing member extending between the hooks and defining a slot, an elongated flexible support element of nylon rope or steel cable attached to the hooks, a plurality of rungs, formed from a molding process, that stack and nest with a storage region between each rung for storing the flexible support, a fastener to connect each rung to the flexible support, and a cover for holding the rungs in the nested state.
  • the cover has a neck portion, and a handle which extends through the slot in the rigid spacing member. The handle is movable in the slot to thereby release the cover and deploy the ladder to the extended state.
  • the present invention provides a very compact, collapsible ladder that is light in weight, yet can be rapidly deployed and safely descended during a fire emergency.
  • a first object of the invention is to insure that the ladder is safe and easy to descend.
  • a second object of the invention is to provide a cover with handle that allows the ladder to be easily and reliably deployed by dropping the handle out a window once an attaching member has been placed over the sill of the window.
  • a third object of the invention is to minimize the space required to store the collapsible ladder when not in use.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the ladder of the present invention when in the deployed state
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate perspective and cross-sectional views, respectively, of a rung of the ladder illustrated in Fig. 1 ;
  • FIGs. 3 A - 3C illustrate cross-sectional views of alternative techniques for fastening a narrow fabric support to a modified rung having a single slot, near each rung end, through which the narrow fabric support is threaded;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross- sectional view which illustrates an alternative way to thread the narrow fabric support to a rung having three slots on each end;
  • Figs. 5 A and 5B are cross-sectional views of alternative rung cross-sections, with each rung made of an elongate material having an integral stand-off projection positioned at each end of each rung, wherein each rung is, substantially, identically- shaped of linear segments and sized the same as the other rungs, and all the rungs of the ladder nest to a high degree of compactness when the ladder is in the collapsed state;
  • Figs. 5 A and 5B are cross-sectional views of alternative rung cross-sections, with each rung made of an elongate material having an integral stand-off projection positioned at each end of each rung, wherein each rung is, substantially, identically- shaped of linear segments and sized the same as the other rungs, and all the rungs of the ladder nest to a high degree of compactness when the ladder is
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views of other alternative rung cross-sections, with each rung made of an elongate material having an integral stand-off projection positioned at each end of each rung, wherein each rung is sized differently from the other rungs of the ladder and the rungs nest to a high degree of compactness when the ladder is in the collapsed state; Fig.
  • each rung being formed so as to have an arc-shaped portion in a region including the top portion of each rung, with a straight flange on at least one side of the arc-shaped portion, and wherein each rung end includes an integral, stand-off projection, is sized substantially identically with the other rungs of the ladder, and the rungs nest to a high degree of compactness in the collapsed state of the ladder;
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a perspective view of the ladder of the present invention when in the non-deployed, collapsed state and bound by a cover that aids in picking up the ladder (as, for example, from a storage box) and in dropping the ladder rungs as a group, once an attaching member has been hooked over window silL in order to deploy the ladder in a tangle-free manner during a fire or other emergency;
  • Figs. 9A and 9B illustrate a mounting plate which may be mounted to a wall surface beneath a window sill for an attaching member;
  • Figs. 10A and 10B illustrate two surfaces, respectively, of a cover for storing and deploying an escape ladder that is designed for use from a second-floor window.
  • the cover is shown when in a flat, laid-out position.
  • These figures show the dimensions of the cover and the positioning of temporary fasteners on the cover which enable the cover to perform three functions, as will be described in the next section, below; and,
  • Figs. 11A and 1 IB illustrate two surfaces, respectively, of a cover for storing and deploying a ladder that is designed for use from a third-floor window.
  • the cover is illustrated when in a flat, laid-out position.
  • These figures show the dimensions of the cover and the positioning of temporary fasteners on the cover which enable the cover to perform the same three functions as the cover illustrated in Figs. 10A and 10B. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • highly nesting and “high degree of compactness” refer to rungs that nest in a stack having 10 or more rungs per 15.24 cm of stack height when in the collapsed state.
  • the ladder includes an attaching member 2 having two hooks, each with an open end facing the same direction so that the attaching member 2 may be hooked over a window sill (not illustrated).
  • the attaching member 2 is of tubular construction which may be solid or hollow (not illustrated) and includes a support bar 3 to which may be attached one or more narrow fabric supports 4.
  • the narrow fabric supports are made of a webbing material such as nylon (or any other known, flame resistant, high strength, light weight synthetic material) for supporting the rungs 5 of the ladder 1.
  • the narrow fabric support should ideally be capable of supporting a load of about 1,364 kilograms and, in the preferred embodiment, is made of nylon that measures about 2.54 cm in width and 3.18 mm in thickness.
  • the rungs 5 of the ladder are made of a thin, high-strength material such as metaL preferably aluminum having a thickness of about 1.6 mm to 2.1 mm.
  • Having the rungs made of a high-strength material enables the rungs to be strong even though the thickness of the rung material is less than 6.4 mm, and is one of the factors that enables the rungs to be nested to a "high degree" in the collapsed state. If the rungs are made of sheet metal, such as steel or aluminum, this allows the rungs to be economically produced by stamping; however, the rungs may also be produced in other ways, such as by using extruded aluminum or molded materials. An important feature of the rung design is that there is a stand-off projection 6, positioned at or near each rung end, which is integral to the rung.
  • the stand-off projections 6 are for the purpose of making the ladder easy and safe to descend by ensuring that each rung is positioned a minimum distance from a wall thereby allowing room for one's toes so that the ball of the foot may be placed squarely on the rung as one descends the ladder.
  • the two stand-off projections 6 may be formed by removing metal from between the rung ends as, for example, by stamping. In this way, the weight of each rung may be kept low.
  • a friction-enhancing material or pattern may be applied to, or formed on, the top portion of the rung which forms the tread of each ladder step.
  • the tread portion of the step is at least 2.54 cm in width so as to provide a comfortable support, even for a user without shoes.
  • Another important feature of the rung design is that the multiple rungs of the ladder nest to a high degree of compactness, and with the narrow fabric support folded toward the center of each rung, thereby ensuring that the ladder is very compact in the collapsed state and deploys properly without tangling when the multiple rungs in the collapsed state are dropped as a bundle, as will be described in more detail with reference to a later figure.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention meet American National Standards Institute Standard No. 14.2 - 1990.
  • the narrow fabric support of the present invention meets the National Fire Prevention Association 701 - Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Resistant Textiles and Films (Small-Scale Test).
  • Fig. 2A and 2B are perspective and cross-sectional views, respectively, of a first embodiment of a rung of a ladder according to the present invention.
  • These figures also show how one or more narrow fabric supports 4 may be threaded through the slots 7 and fastened with a fastener such as a rivet 9 in order to support the rungs 5 at fixed vertical spacings when the ladder is in use.
  • Figs. 3 A - 3C illustrate cross- sectional views of alternative techniques for fastening one or more narrow fabric supports 4 to a modified rung having a single slot 7, near each rung end 8, through which the narrow fabric support 4 is threaded.
  • a clip 10 has been inserted through the single slot 7 to spread out the stress on the narrow fabric support 4. Rivet 9 fastens the clip 10 in place.
  • a compression fastener 11 is used to grip the narrow fabric support.
  • the narrow fabric support may itself be woven with one or more slits 12 which may then be separated by a spacing member 13, such as the rod illustrated in Fig. 3B, which functions to support the rung 5.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view which illustrates an alternative way to thread the narrow fabric support 4 to a rung having three slots 7 near each rung end 8.
  • Figs. 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views of pairs of rungs that stack and nest to a high degree.
  • the rung pairs illustrated in these two figures have different cross-sections, with each rung including an integral stand-off projection 6 near each end.
  • the cross-section illustrated in Fig. 5 A is that of an inverted V, which is less desirable than the cross-section illustrated in Fig. 5B because there is insufficient support surface at the inverted V vertex to comfortably stand on the ladder rung without shoes.
  • the cross-section illustrated in Fig. 5B is that of an inverted channel, with a top flat surface which is at least 2.5 cm wide.
  • each rung 5 is identically shaped of linear segments, is identically sized with the other rungs of the ladder, and all the rungs of the ladder both stack and nest to a high degree when the ladder is in the collapsed state.
  • Figs. 6A and 6B are additional cross-sectional views of pairs of rungs that stack and nest to a high degree.
  • the rung pairs illustrated in these two figures have still different cross- sections, with each rung end including an integral stand-off projection 6 and each rung having a minimum step surface of at least 2.54 cm in width, Fig. 6A, or a minimum arc radius of 7.62 cm, Fig. 6B.
  • These figures give examples of alternative rung cross- sections wherein each rung is sized differently from the other rungs of the ladder, and wherein all the rungs of the ladder both stack and nest to a high degree when the ladder is in the collapsed state.
  • Fig. 6A is sized differently from the other rungs of the ladder, and wherein all the rungs of the ladder both stack and nest to a high degree when the ladder is in the collapsed state.
  • each rung is formed so as to have an arc-shaped portion 14 having a miriimum arc radius of 7.62 cm and an arc width of at least 2.54 cm in a region including the top portion of each rung, with a straight flange 15 on at least one side of the arc-shaped portion, wherein each rung end includes an integral, stand-off projection 6, each rung is sized identically with the other rungs of the ladder, and the rungs both stack and nest to a high degree in the collapsed state of the ladder.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a perspective view of the ladder of the present invention when in the non-deployed, collapsed state and bound by a cover 16 having a handle 17.
  • the handle aids in picking up the ladder with one hand (as, for example, from a storage box) and in dropping the ladder rungs as a group (once the attaching member 2 has been hooked over the window sill using the other hand) in order to deploy the ladder in a tangle-free manner during a fire or other emergency;
  • Figs. 9A and 9B illustrate a mounting plate 18 that may be mounted to a wall beneath a window sill (not illustrated).
  • the mounting plate 18 may be mounted with fasteners such as screws (not illustrated) through holes 19, and may display a label (not illustrated) .
  • the label is for marking the window as an exit route for use as a secondary means of escape during an emergency, such as a fire.
  • On the mounting plate 18 are two openings which may, for example, include support collars 20 for receiving the open ends of the attaching member 2.
  • the openings and/or support collars allow the ends of the tubular material of the attaching member to be inserted and prevent motion of the ends in all radial directions.
  • FIG. 9A illustrate the direction in which the open ends of the attaching member 2 are inserted into the support collars 20.
  • Fig. 9B illustrates the attaching member 2 with its open ends fully inserted into the openings in the support collars 20 of the mounting plate 18 so as to fix the open ends from moving in any radial direction.
  • the mounting plate 18 may serve as many as three functions. First, it may label the window as an exit so that the occupants of the building may be reminded that the window has been designated as a secondary escape route during a fire or other emergency. Second, it supports the open ends of the attaching member so that the attaching member may be securely positioned on the window sill. Third, it provides a universal fitting which ensures that the attaching member 2 will seat properly over almost any design of window sill, regardless of the thickness of the wall.
  • Figs. 10A and 10B illustrate the two opposite surfaces of a cover 16, of rectangular shape, useful for storing and deploying a ladder designed for use from a second-floor window. Because of the high degree of nesting of the rungs of the ladder according to the present invention, the stack of rungs for a ladder for use from a second-floor window measures only about 15.24 cm in height, there being about 11 - 12 rungs for such a length of ladder.
  • the figures show the cover in a flat, laid-out position, and give the dimensions of the cover 16 and the positioning of the handle 17 as well as the locations of various sets of temporary fasteners which enable the cover to perform three functions, as discussed below.
  • a first function of the cover is to wrap securely around the entire ladder including the multiple rungs and the attaching member so that the ladder 1 may be lifted with one hand to a window from which it is to be deployed.
  • a first set of temporary fasteners 21 are positioned near opposite ends of the cover, and on opposite sides of the cover, as shown respectively in Figs. 10A and 10B.
  • Fig.10A illustrates the side of the cover that has the handle 17 attached, and this side is the side that is visible in Fig 8.
  • Fig. 10B illustrates the opposite side of the cover from that shown in Fig. 10A.
  • the temporary fastener 21 at the bottom and on one side of the cover attaches to, and is detachable from, a mating temporary fastener 21 at the top and on the other side of the cover.
  • This enables the ladder 1, including both the multiple rungs 5 and the attaching member (with the open hooks of the attaching member looped over the stack of multiple rungs, as shown in Fig. 8) to be picked up with one hand via the handle 17.
  • the user's other hand then is free to pull apart the temporary fasteners 21 so that the cover opens partially to allow the attaching member 2 with the attached narrow fabric supports 4 (down to the top rung) to be lifted from the stack of multiple rungs and positioned in place on the sill of the window.
  • the mounting plate 18, shown in Figs. 9A and 9B may optionally be employed.
  • the second function performed by the cover is to support the multiple rungs of the ladder using the handle once the attaching member has been removed from the cover by releasing the temporary fasteners 21.
  • This function is enabled by a second set of temporary fasteners 22 that hold the remainder of the cover so as to securely wrap the stacked and nested ladder rungs, thereby enabling the multiple stacked and nested rungs to be maintained in an organized packet during and after placing the attaching member 2 over the window sill.
  • the two sets of temporary fasteners 22 are positioned a distance inward from each end of the cover. After positioning the attaching member 2 securely over the window sill using one's free hand, the hand holding the handle is then positioned outside the window and, after ensuring that the narrow fabric supports have not inadvertently become twisted, the cover is merely dropped by releasing the handle in order to fully deploy the ladder.
  • the third function of the cover is to allow the momentum of the falling set of multiple, stacked rungs to pull apart temporary fasteners 22 on the cover so as to allow the rungs to automatically deploy after the handle is dropped.
  • the cover measures about 20.3 cm by 52.7 cm, and the temporary fasteners 22 are positioned about 7.6 cm (Fig. 10A) and 10.2 cm (Fig. 10B) from the ends of the cover, in the long dimension.
  • Figs. 11A and 11B illustrate two opposite surfaces, respectively, of the cover 16 for a ladder 1 designed for use from a third-floor window when in a flat, laid-out position, and shows the positioning of the sets of temporary fasteners 21, 22 on each of these surfaces of the cover.
  • the stack of rungs for a ladder for use from a third-floor window measures only about 30.5 cm in height, there being about 12 - 24 rungs for such a length of ladder.
  • the cover measures about 20.3 cm by 81.3 cm.
  • the set of mating temporary fasteners 21 are positioned as indicated, on opposite sides and at opposite ends of the cover.
  • Each of temporary fasteners 22 is positioned about 7.6 cm (Fig. 11A) and 10.2. cm (Fig. 11B) from the ends of the cover, in the long dimension as illustrated, so that the cover securely wraps the multiple rungs even after the attaching member 2 has been removed from within the cover by detaching the temporary fasteners 21.
  • the ladder may be readily deployed from the collapsed state by a single individual using the cover in the following manner.
  • the cover 16 is partially opened by releasing the first set of temporary fasteners 21.
  • the attaching member 2 is lifted (using one's other hand) from the stack of multiple rungs and placed over a window sill.
  • the handle is held out the window and dropped.
  • the ladder is then automatically deployed by the momentum of the falling multiple ladder rungs reaching "the end of their rope" so to speak.
  • Industrial Applicability The invention has use not only in the home, but in any multiple floor building where the occupants need a second, alternative escape route to reach safety.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit une échelle d'évacuation repliable (1) qui comporte des barreaux (5) fabriqués dans un matériau relativement résistant et mince. Ces barreaux présentent des projections de positionnement intégrées (6) permettant de replier l'échelle en toute sécurité, et une section transversale autorisant un empilement très serré et compact de l'échelle. L'échelle d'évacuation se déploie facilement grâce à un coffret (16) équipé de deux jeux d'attaches temporaires. En cas d'urgence, l'échelle d'évacuation se déploie par dégrafage partiel du coffret (16) dans un premier état où un élément de fixation (2) peut être retiré et placé sur un appui de fenêtre. Après vérification que les supports en tissu étroit (4) qui attachent l'élément de fixation aux barreaux ne se sont pas vrillés entre ledit élément de fixation et le barreau de sommet, les autres barreaux (toujours enveloppés dans le coffret et fixés par un deuxième jeu d'attaches temporaires) sont retenus au moyen d'une poignée (17) fixée au coffret. La poignée est ensuite maintenue hors de la fenêtre et lâchée. La vitesse de chute du paquet de barreaux est suffisante pour ouvrir le deuxième jeu d'attaches temporaires et déployer ainsi avec sécurité l'échelle d'évacuation dans une position appropriée. On décrit également une plaque de montage facultative qui peut être utilisée pour stabiliser et fixer l'élément de fixation (2) sur la surface d'un mur au-dessous d'un appui de fenêtre, et pour s'assurer que l'élément de fixation (2) sera solidement maintenu sur n'importe quel appui de fenêtre, quelle que soit l'épaisseur du mur.
EP99921771A 1998-05-11 1999-05-10 Echelle d'evacuation a barreaux fortement empilables Withdrawn EP1105615A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7518098A 1998-05-11 1998-05-11
CN98216422 1998-08-03
CN98216422U CN2368969Y (zh) 1998-05-11 1998-08-03 折叠逃生梯
PCT/US1999/010031 WO2000008292A1 (fr) 1998-05-11 1999-05-10 Echelle d'evacuation a barreaux fortement empilables

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1105615A1 true EP1105615A1 (fr) 2001-06-13

Family

ID=25744868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99921771A Withdrawn EP1105615A1 (fr) 1998-05-11 1999-05-10 Echelle d'evacuation a barreaux fortement empilables

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1105615A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN2368969Y (fr)
WO (1) WO2000008292A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6530455B1 (en) 2000-08-11 2003-03-11 Walter Kidde Portable Equipment, Inc. Escape ladder
GB0114781D0 (en) * 2001-06-16 2001-08-08 Melville Aubrey E Ladder
CN101787803A (zh) * 2010-02-05 2010-07-28 湖南长大建设集团股份有限公司 一种用于建筑施工作业层的折叠式便携梯
CN103615189B (zh) * 2013-11-17 2015-06-24 国家电网公司 一种架空电缆的软梯连接结构
CN107246237A (zh) * 2017-04-20 2017-10-13 广东恒洁卫浴有限公司 活位z板薄叠高楼救生梯

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1424115A (en) 1921-06-24 1922-07-25 Richard D Nileon Rope ladder construction
US3307654A (en) * 1965-08-02 1967-03-07 Jack C Green Emergency fire escape apparatus
FR2381894A1 (fr) 1977-02-25 1978-09-22 Luckey Wilhelm Echelle pliante a montants flexibles
GB2018339B (en) * 1978-03-23 1982-06-03 Probets C J Fire escape apparatus
CA1117923A (fr) * 1979-09-11 1982-02-09 Alexander S. Kiss Mecanisme de deploiement pour echelle a coulisse
US4298097A (en) 1980-03-11 1981-11-03 Eriksson Lars O Escape-ladder
WO1987003328A1 (fr) 1985-11-27 1987-06-04 Ventz Julius P R Corde de sauvetage en forme d'echelle de corde
US4867275A (en) * 1988-05-05 1989-09-19 Islava Steven T Escape ladder
GB8908792D0 (en) * 1989-04-19 1989-06-07 Nall John A collapsible escape ladder
US5605205A (en) 1994-08-12 1997-02-25 Brk Brands, Inc. Readily deployable portable escape ladder
DE19638704C2 (de) * 1996-09-21 2002-07-11 Bernd Luckey Zusammenlegbare Leiter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO0008292A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN2368969Y (zh) 2000-03-15
WO2000008292A1 (fr) 2000-02-17

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