EP1105233B1 - Method and apparatus for joining a flat-link articulated chain element - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for joining a plate chain link is to be improved, in which at least one plate is connected to at least one bolt by way of a pressing and aligning process. This is achieved by the measures that the bolt is centered in relation to a main chain axis by the simultaneous active application of symmetrical clamping forces to the faces and the least one plate is pushed by a joining lift relative to the bolt into a position symmetrical to the main chain axis. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for joining a link chain link, at least one tab with at least one bolt a pressing and aligning process is connected. Furthermore relates the invention relates to a device for performing the method.

The most varied of methods for joining a Link chain link or a link chain established. These procedures are for Part quite different and the embodiments of the different link chains customized. There are processes in which only the inner chain links are manufactured and then another method of joining the chain by making the Outer chain links with the interposition of already prefabricated inner chain links he follows. This means that the method for joining solid bolts Brackets and also suitable for joining hollow bolts (sleeves) with brackets have to be. When manufacturing an outer chain link for a duplex chain e.g. a tab should be pushed onto a solid bolt in the middle beforehand. Also the interposition of rollers to create a roller chain should be done by the individual Procedure can be carried out.

Dimensional accuracy with regard to parallelism is particularly important with high-quality timing chains the bolts (solid bolts and sleeves) and tabs, spacing of the tabs when in use several plates, as well as centering of the chain link elements to the main chain axis vital.

The chain links are usually assembled from below. That means first the lower tab is positioned and the associated bolt is fed. at the manufacture of an inner chain link then over the link and the sleeve a positioning mandrel protruding from the assembly plane is centered with respect to one another. Subsequently the lower tab and sleeve are pressed. Possibly a roll can be placed on the sleeve before or after this process. Finally, the upper tab is fed and also to the sleeve centered on a positioning mandrel and then pressed on. This approach takes place in predetermined cycle steps, so that one with a certain number of strokes working common ram each applies the pressing force. This can be done take place at a rotary table or in series.

DE 2 457 241 A1 already describes a method for producing chain links known in series-mounted assembly turntables, the layered Structure of the chain link from bottom to top is its own, but through a skillful use of positioning mandrels already gives a very good alignment of the individual chain link elements to each other. Use this procedure however, numerous joining steps that need to be simplified. Beyond that the centering with respect to a main chain axis is not completely given. To create in particular different lengths of bolts, which makes the Centering to the main chain axis leaves something to be desired. It is now desirable to provide a method that a few process steps sufficient centering or symmetry of the chain links to be produced Main chain axis can achieve, regardless of the type of chain link (by Centering of a single tab in the middle of the bolt or symmetrical arrangement of two tabs on the end areas of a bolt).

The US 40 27 471 A deals with the joining process and a joining machine for Assembling large chains, such as those used as track chains in tracked vehicles Find. The machine comprises two press plates, each with two press heads are provided. The press heads are spaced from each other, each corresponds to the distance of the bore axes in a link of the chain links. Both Press plates can be moved towards each other to carry out a pressing process. However, one of the press plates only moves a limited way forward, so that a support block can be lowered. The press plate should namely in this advanced position now act as a hard drive from that Support block is supported. The remaining press force is mainly from the Press plate used up. Due to the fact that the tabs are cranked are, the press heads have a different length. Furthermore the press heads are each provided with a spring-loaded bolt the chain link pin and the chain link sleeve are kept biased. The spring-loaded pin of the press head is with a receptacle for the hinge pin ends to ensure that pressure is also applied to the ends of the sleeves. The spring-loaded bolts of the press heads have a centering tip equipped in corresponding centering openings on the front ends of the hinge pins can be used.

It is therefore the object of the present invention, a method and an apparatus to provide a link link that provides a better link Dimensional stability, in particular with respect to the symmetry to the main chain axis.

According to the invention, this object is provided by a method according to claim 1.

The method according to the invention differs mainly from the methods in the prior art in that here when centering the bolt not against a fixed stop is worked, but rather a central centering simultaneous application of symmetrical clamping forces takes place. A special meaning the term "active application" is used here, since in the prior art the force is always applied from one side only, while the other side stands still during this process and acts as a stop (passive application of force). The difference now is that in the prior art the dimensional accuracy in particular the symmetry to the main chain axis, from the end face of the Chain pin, which abuts the stop is determined. In the present invention the center of the main chain axis is always found exactly because the active application of symmetrical clamping forces the bolt automatically after this Align axis. The principle is similar to a pair of pliers, in which the pressing forces are also used symmetrical to a line of symmetry running through the pivot axis of the pliers be applied. The advantage is that the chain pins are not essential have to be manufactured with a very small tolerance, since the end faces of one Bolts are always equidistant from the main chain axis. This opens up also the possibility of using the two bolts of a chain link simultaneously by means of one Centering process when each applies symmetrical clamping forces become. It may be necessary in this procedure between joining stroke and Centering can be distinguished by the symmetrical clamping forces, as a very good dimensional accuracy (symmetry) is also achieved when the symmetrical Clamping forces only act at the end of the joining process and thus the final position of the Ensure the bolt.

In most cases it is an advantage if the joining stroke is postponed at least one tab on the at least one bolt and the at least a tab through the simultaneous active application of symmetrical joining forces is pushed in a position symmetrical to the main chain axis. Here can again the application of force during the joining stroke only on one side of a tab as long as it is ensured that a symmetrical at the end of the joining stroke Force pair is applied to arrange the tabs symmetrically or the one Center tab in the middle. Similar to the bolts, the tabs experience then also an extremely exact alignment to the main chain axis.

Furthermore, there is also the possibility for certain chain links that the Joining stroke by inserting the at least one bolt into the at least one Tab is carried out and at least at the end of the joining stroke of the at least one bolt through the simultaneous active application of the symmetrical clamping forces to the Main chain axis is centered. That means in the event that the tabs are not open pre-centered bolt pushed on, but the at least one bolt in an opening inserted the tab and then the bolt is centered. The tab can be firmly anchored in position during such a process become. Such an approach is mainly used for pin blocks for duplex chains applied, because with these large slide open distances of the bolt relative to the tab must be carried out.

When two tabs are pushed onto the opposite one at the same time End areas of the bolt can do this via a corresponding centering stop on the force-applying elements so that they are symmetrical Take up position to main chain axis. The outer surfaces of the tabs face then exactly the same distance from the main chain axis. Because the fat the tabs are manufactured with a much lower tolerance at the same cost as the length of the bolt, the distance between the insides is also the tabs always within the required tolerance range.

A further method step can advantageously be provided in which the at least a tab and the bolt are prepositioned to each other so that a Opening in the tab is arranged coaxially to the bolt. In this context The fact that regardless of the number of The entire chain link can be pre-positioned in one joint by means of bolts and plates running centering and pressing process can be added. That means but also that, in contrast to the prior art, in the numerous lifting operations were necessary to join a single chain link by the invention Processes that can be carried out in a single joining station. To the this allows the actual pressing process to be carried out at a lower speed drive, so that more favorable pressing conditions with less heat available. On the other hand, the number of parts manufactured can at least maintained, if not increased per unit of time.

Furthermore, it can be provided that at the same time to apply the symmetrical Clamping forces and at least one tab are guided coaxially to the bolt and already is partially pressed onto the bolt. This creates a centered Place the tabs on the bolt so that the actual joining stroke does not yet in addition, these approach forces must be applied.

In order to apply the symmetrical clamping forces as coaxially as possible to the bolt axis, these can be moved by two positioning mandrels that can be moved uniformly and evenly towards one another be generated. While using hollow bolts at an inner chain link is centered by the positioning domes themselves, can in the centering process of a solid bolt additionally in some areas a prism to coaxially align it. Such positioning mandrels are also very easy to use and are aimed precisely at the bolt.

This means that the joining stroke should be as uniform as possible around the bolt axis Press pressure is applied, the joining stroke of one around the positioning dome arranged upper and / or a lower hollow punch are carried out, that apply the symmetrical joining forces. Because the positioning mandrels in everything Usually have a diameter that is essentially the outer diameter the bolt corresponds (usually slightly less) due to the hollow punch additionally given a guide when pressing the tabs. This is particularly so when pressing a single tab into the middle of a long bolt a duplex outer chain link of enormous advantage, since a buckling of the long Bolzens can not take place. It is important again that the joining stroke when sliding open a single tab can also be applied by a hollow stamp can and the alignment of the tab at the end of the joining stroke by pushing of the second hollow punch.

It may be desired that the joining stroke be from a positioning dome is carried out and the symmetrical clamping forces for a bolt by uniform and applied positioning pins that can be moved evenly towards one another become. This means that a bolt (sleeve) in a tab by means of the positioning mandrel is pressed in and only centered towards the end of the joining stroke The second positioning mandrel engages from the opposite side.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for joining a link chain link according to claim 9. This device is constructed so that it in a joining process centers the at least one pin of the chain link and the pushes at least one tab onto the bolt. The bolt can also be in the tab be inserted. Furthermore, it is new that a positioning mandrel for Applying a clamping force is used. Positioning mandrels previously used became mainly coaxial and not axial Forces used. In this respect, it would be possible to use a joining head after such Manufacture principle that produces a chain link by means of a single joining process or a chain by assembling an outer chain link with the interposition of an inner chain link. The alignment with the main chain axis is part of the joining process. The lifting mechanism must have a have symmetrical positive coupling of the positioning mandrels. This can also be hydraulic or pneumatically, but preferably mechanically. A kind of pincer principle offers itself as a simple solution in this context on.

In an advantageous embodiment it can be provided that a lifting mechanism is provided for moving the upper and lower stamp through which can be moved symmetrically and at right angles to a main chain axis and due to the symmetrical joining forces active at the same time as the main axis of the chain Execution of the joining stroke can be applied so that the at least one tab can be pushed onto the bolt symmetrically. Depending on the structure of the chain link can be the same lifting mechanism as for the positioning mandrels. In most cases, however, a separate one is arranged parallel to it Lift mechanism used because the stamp must be controlled differently than the positioning mandrels. In any case, this preferred also provides forcibly coupled Lift mechanism sufficient symmetry of the tabs on the bolt ready.

A device can be used, in particular, to produce a pin block for a duplex chain be provided according to claim 10. The stamps are adjusted so that the plate is essentially symmetrical to the main chain axis between them can be tightened. The tab then does not guide any during the joining process further alignment movement. The bolt is then inserted into the tab on one side and at the end of the joining stroke due to the symmetrical application of the Tensioning forces centered symmetrically to the main chain axis.

The lifting mechanism for the two positioning mandrels can advantageously be one include common drive with positive guidance through which the two positioning mandrels can be moved coaxially and symmetrically to one another. This is the Lift mechanism greatly simplified, since a single drive both positioning mandrels emotional. A forced control then ensures the symmetrical implementation of the Drive predetermined displacement and the displacement speed.

The lifting mechanism for the upper and lower punches can also be a common one Drive with forced guidance, through which the two punches coaxial and are symmetrical to each other. The same advantages apply here as for the common drive of the positioning mandrels.

If, according to one embodiment, the drive performs a linear movement comprises a cam-controlled sliding bushing, which has a symmetrical lever linkage the positioning mandrels or the stamp moves, it is also possible combine the drive for the punches and the drive for the positioning mandrels, since both cams can be driven together. The guidance by means of a cam and controlled sliding bush is very robust and can do the necessary Apply the forces necessary to compress the chain links. Furthermore the positive guidance works very precisely and is precisely adjustable. The centering and joining forces can be generated symmetrically using just a few components. The lever linkage leaves change very easily, so that in addition to the control by the cam also an adjustment option via the lever linkage or its complete replacement consists.

In addition, at least one lever section of the lever linkage in its Length adjustable. This allows the Set the travel path of a positioning mandrel or a stamp. Suitable adjustment devices allow a very high precision of the setting.

The entire lifting mechanism is greatly simplified in its structure in that between slide bush and cam and / or in the lever linkage in length spring-loaded overload protection is provided. This overload protection is also the same the different lengths of the bolts or thicknesses of the tabs. That means, that as soon as the necessary tension is applied, e.g. another shifting force is exerted by the cam on the slide bush, but this is can no longer move, the additional path length generated by the cam is compensated by the overload protection. Such a compression option can also arranged at any other suitable location of the lifting mechanism For example, the positioning mandrels and stamps themselves have suitable compression devices that compress as soon as a certain force is reached. This works best with the positioning mandrels, since the centering force, as soon as both positioning pins are brought into contact with the end faces of the bolt would increase very strongly.

In order to minimize the risk of kinking the positioning mandrels, these are guided in coaxial bores of the stamp and can be moved relative to the latter his. This intimate arrangement of punch and positioning mandrel also ensures an exact Alignment and positioning.

In order to join an inner chain link in particular, one can in particular after a Embodiment the positioning mandrels comprise a cylindrical approach that fits is retractable into the bore of a hollow pin of an inner chain link and one defined annular stop step to the adjacent area of the positioning mandrel, which can be brought into contact with an end face of the hollow bolt. The approach goes accordingly into the hollow bolt, ensures coaxial alignment and the stop steps the opposite positioning mandrels then ensure the symmetrical Centering with respect to the main chain axis. A deformation of the face area by the annular stop step can not due to the cylindrical approach respectively.

Furthermore, the positioning mandrel can comprise a centering area which extends into the opening the tab is retractable and aligns it coaxially to the hollow pin. Therefore the tab is also precisely aligned by the positioning mandrel before it is pushed onto the bolt. But that also means that the feeders only have to ensure pre-positioning within a wide tolerance range and the actual centering is done by the positioning mandrel. This makes it easier also the feeder to a large extent.

So that diameter tolerances of the opening in the tab can be compensated In one variant it is provided that the centering area is frustoconical is. In any case, this creates a centering, regardless of the size the opening within the tolerance range.

In addition, it has been found that the entire joining process is still more precise and can be improved that the centering area and the stop step such are designed so that by the positioning mandrel a slight joining stroke to Attaching the tab on the outer jacket of the hollow bolt is feasible before Stop step rests on the end face of the hollow bolt. The location of the stroke level and the length of the centering area and its shape are on the opening, in particular the thickness of the tab, adjusted so that a corresponding piecing process he follows. For example, a quarter of the tab on the bolt be postponed by this process. There is of course the possibility in this area to move the positioning mandrel parallel to the punch, so that the actual Most of the force is applied by the punch and the positioning mandrel only takes over the centering task during the attachment process.

In order to be able to press onto the tab as large as possible, in one embodiment the stamp essentially surrounds the associated positioning dome flat and perpendicular to the mandrel axis stamp surface on the relative is displaceable to the positioning mandrel and the tab on the outer jacket of the Hollow bolt presses. Tipping forces on the tab are avoided because it is large rests on the stamp surface.

Furthermore, the upper and / or lower punch can have an extension that or that moves on block during the lifting stroke and a precise joining distance the stamp surfaces to each other at the end of the joining stroke. This is particularly useful when two tabs on the end areas of a bolt should be postponed. The extension then defines the distance between the two tabs to each other so that they are pushed on symmetrically but one exactly defined distance between the two remains. For extensions running on blocks an overload protection may have an advantageous effect.

For most chain links, it is desirable to do this with a single joining operation to manufacture. This fact is best explained in one embodiment Accounted for that two upper positioning mandrels and two lower Positioning mandrels for forming a joining head in a jointly assigned one upper and lower stamps are arranged. Such a joining head bridges the gap Fluctuations in the length of two bolts. A compensation for the tabs is not necessary, since it can be assumed that a tab does not fluctuate in thickness. hereby the result is a very simple and compact construction of the joining process requirements completely met.

A feed device is advantageously provided which contains all the elements of a Chain link pre-positioned and fed to a joining head. This is also an innovation, as the individual parts have so far mostly been fed separately and then at an appropriate joint with the components already prepared were connected. The pre-positioning and feeding of all elements at once, so that the connection of all components with each other by a single joining process has been produced in the state of the art with this quality so far not given.

The device according to the invention is capable of the chain link with a single joining operation endzufertigen. So far, chain links have always been built up in layers, a joining stroke was carried out for each shift. Aim of this invention was in particular to create a method and an apparatus in which the press fit is produced in a single operation, even with pin blocks for duplex chains can be. Subsequent alignment or further displacement of the tabs and bolts relative to each other, which are associated with a weakening of the press fit would be avoided. The device can be used at relatively low joining speeds work because relatively small strokes have to be created in the joining head, due to the reduced joining steps to a single joining process anyway higher chain link output can be obtained. It also acts it is a forced assembly, in which all components during the Joining process are forced. The components are therefore extremely precise to each other aligned.

Fig. 1

einen schematischen Fügeablauf eines Innenkettengliedes in drei Schritten,

Fig. 2

eine Detailzeichnung des zweiten Fügeschrittes in einem vergrößerten Vollschnitt,

Fig. 3

eine Prinzipskizze eines Hubmechanismus zum Ansteuern der Positionierdorne oder der Stempel und

Fig. 4

drei mögliche Varianten zufügender symmetrischer Laschenketten im Vollschnitt.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic joining process of an inner chain link in three steps,

Fig. 2

a detailed drawing of the second joining step in an enlarged full section,

Fig. 3

a schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism for controlling the positioning mandrels or the stamp and

Fig. 4

three possible variants of adding symmetrical link chains in full cut.

In Fig. 1, the positions of the essential in each of the three process steps Components of a joining head shown.

This comprises two upper cylindrical positioning domes 1 and 2, each axially displaceable are arranged along the axes A and B. Coaxial to the positioning mandrels 1 and 2 are provided correspondingly assigned lower positioning mandrels 3 and 4, which are also cylindrical and arranged to be displaceable along the axes A and B, respectively are. The positioning mandrels 1 and 2 are each in a corresponding cylinder bore 5 or 6 in a common upper stamp 7 or in a common lower stamp 8 arranged. The stamps 7 and 8 are each relative to the associated one Positioning mandrels 1 and 2 or 3 and 4 can be moved parallel to axes A and B. arranged.

The positioning mandrels each have a coaxial cylindrical projection 9, which a certain amount over a stop surface 10 of a circumferential stop step 11 protrudes.

The stamps 7 and 8 have a stamp surface running parallel to the stop surface 10 12, which are perpendicular to the axes A and B and the positioning mandrels 1 and 2 or 3 and 4 is arranged.

The entire joining head is used in the present example for joining an inner chain link 13, which consists of two parallel, plate-shaped plates 14 and 15 with cylindrical openings 16 and two cylindrical hollow bolts 17 and 18 arranged parallel to one another. An inner chain link 13 consisting of these elements is also shown at the top left in FIG. 4. It is shown in an exaggerated manner that the end regions of the hollow bolts protrude beyond the outer sides 19 and 20 of the tabs 14, 15. The protrusion of the hollow bolts 17, 18, that is, the distance between the end faces 21 and 22 from the associated outer sides 19 and 20 of the tabs 14 or 15 is characterized by the dimension X. The dimension X should be the same size on both sides, so that symmetry arises. At the same time, the outer sides 19 and 20 of the plates 14 and 15 should have the same distance Y from the main chain axis K _A. It also follows that the end faces 21 and 22 should also have the same distance from the main chain axis K _A.

While the dimension Y is the same on both sides of the inner chain link 13, the dimension X can be different if the hollow bolts 17 and 18 have different length dimensions. However, the symmetry to the main chain axis K _{A should} always be maintained.

1, the principle of operation of the above joining head is shown below explained in more detail. The two tabs 14 and 15 and the associated hollow bolts 17 and 18 are separated by known measures and by means of a prepositioner fed to the joining head. The individual parts are already in the prepositioned position (see left position of Fig. 1) held. It means that the openings 16 and the hollow bolts 17 and 18 are already substantially coaxial with one another are arranged and the tab 15 under the hollow bolts 17 and 18 and the tab 14 is arranged above this. Since a positioning with the Positioning mandrels 1 and 2 or 3 and 4 is carried out, the pre-positioning with relatively rough tolerances. It is only important that everyone four components can be fed to the joining head simultaneously in this arrangement.

By means of a mechanism to be described in more detail below, the positioning mandrels 1 and 3 and 2 and 4 move towards one another uniformly and uniformly along the axes A and B, respectively. The positioning mandrels 1 to 4 each move into the openings 16 of the tabs 14 and 15 until the cylindrical projections 9 engage in the center of the bore 17 'or 18' of the hollow bolts 17 and 18 and these coaxially to the positioning mandrels 1 and 2 or 3 and align 4. The stop surface 10 of the positioning mandrels 1 and 2 comes into contact with the end faces 21 and the outer surface 10 of the positioning mandrels 3 and 4 with the end faces 22 of the hollow bolts 17 and 18. At the same time, the tabs 14 and 15 are aligned on the outer circumference of the positioning mandrels 1 to 4, so that the openings 16 assume an exact coaxial position with respect to the axes A and B. The positioning mandrels 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 are not only moved towards one another uniformly and uniformly, but now also exert the same forces (symmetrical application of force) on the end faces 21 and 22. As a result, regardless of the length of the respective hollow pin 17 and 18, this is centered symmetrically to the main chain axis K _A. This means that the end faces 21 and 22 of both hollow bolts 17 and 18 are each equidistant from the main chain axis K _A. This process is shown in the middle position of FIG. 1. It can be clearly seen that the positioning mandrels 1, 2, 3 and 4 have moved out of the punches 7 and 8.

Finally, a symmetrical joining force is applied by moving the punches 7 and 8 evenly and uniformly towards one another. The stamps 7 and 8 slide along the outer surfaces of the positioning mandrels 1 to 4 and press with their stamp surface 12 on the outer sides 19 and 20 of the tabs 14 and 15. The tabs 14 and 15 are thereby on the outer surface of the hollow bolts 17 and 18 pressed a certain amount. A stop, not shown, ensures that the movement of the punches 7 and 8 towards one another stops at a certain point, so that the distance between the outer surfaces 19 and 20 of the tabs 14 and 15 is exactly determined. Due to the symmetrical application of joining forces, the plates 14 and 15 are also arranged symmetrically to the main chain axis K _A. During this joining stroke of the punches 7 and 8, the hollow bolts 17 and 18 are held firmly in their centered position by the positioning mandrels 1 to 4. Experiments have shown that pressing the tabs 14 and 15 in one stroke has a positive effect on the press fit. Every further movement of a component, which is only partially pressed on, is associated with a loss of pressing force.

It can be seen from FIG. 1 that a complete joining process is carried out by means of a single joining head is feasible, for which several joining steps are necessary in the prior art were to achieve a sufficient quality. Through the complete production of the chain link in a joining step, the number of pieces to be produced can be compared increase the prior art, even if the joining speed in one Joining step is much less. A low joining speed (e.g. 250 sleeves per minute) is also due to the small process paths of the positioning mandrels 1 to 4 and punch 7, 8 achieved, which in turn has a positive effect on the press fit, since the tab is not opened as in the prior art.

A cross section through a joining head is now shown in greater detail in FIG. 2.

As far as the components are basically the same, they will be the same Designated reference numbers. Reference is made to the above for a detailed description. Essentially, only differences or additions are explained below.

The pre-positioned inner chain link 13 is fed by means of a turntable 23, which essentially consists of an upper plate 24, a lower plate 25 and one Intermediate plate 26 exists. The top plate 24 has recesses 27 for receiving the Upper tabs 14 and the lower plate 25 has recesses 28 for receiving the lower tabs 15 on. The recesses 27 and 28 are on the outer contour of the tabs 14 and 15 adapted so that they are recorded essentially in the correct position are. Recesses are also open in the intermediate plate 26 towards the outside 29 molded into which the hollow bolts 17 or 18 can be inserted essentially in a precise fit are. The bottom of the recesses 29 is rounded and has a radius that essentially corresponds to the outer radius of the hollow bolts 17 and 18. The hollow bolts 17 and 18 are over an at least partially circumferential round belt 30 (similar a large O-ring) held in place. Two adjacent cutouts each 29 are each molded so that the tabs 14 and 15 and hollow bolts 17 and 18 are prepositioned according to the distance between the axes A and B. The individual parts of the chain link 13 are inserted into the turntable 23 by corresponding slides. The finished chain link is released by removing the round belt 30 from the intermediate plate 26 in a delivery area, so that this no holding force exercises more.

A main feature of the joining head is that the positioning mandrels 1 and 2 or 3 and 4 each have a frustoconical centering area 31 adjacent of the cylindrical projection 9. This frustoconical centering region 31 definitely ensures that regardless of the tolerance fluctuations of the openings 16 in the tabs 14 and 15 an alignment of the tabs 2 to the axes A and B takes place. Another conical section can follow this. The length of the centering section 31 and the position of the stop surface 10 are in relation to one another chosen that when moving the positioning mandrels 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 already a small joining stroke is carried out, the tabs 14 and 15 already on the The outer surface of the hollow bolt attaches or attaches. In the present case it is about a quarter to a third of the total thickness of the tabs 14 and 15. This Approach stroke is by striking the stop surface 10 on the end faces 21 and 22 of the hollow bolts 17 and 18 ended. But there is also the possibility that the Positioning mandrels 1 to 4 only for guiding the tab 14 and 15 in this approach serve and the actual power by simultaneous, parallel shutdown the stamp 7 and 8 is applied. For this purpose, the centering area 31 and Stamp surface 12 substantially simultaneously with the outer surface 19 and 20 of the tabs 14 and 15 are brought into contact. Then the positioning mandrels 1 to 4 simultaneously and evenly together with the stamps 7 and 8 moved down until the positioning pins 1 to 4 hit the end faces 21 and 22. Then only the stamps 7 and 8 move towards each other and end the joining stroke.

But there is also the possibility that the positioning domes 1 to 4 in the in Fig. 2nd position shown, then the stamps 7 and 8 until touching the Stamp surface 12 is shut down with the outer sides 19 and 20 and then one common advancement of positioning mandrels 1 to 4 and punches 7 and 8 in the way described above is made.

The positioning pins 1 to 4 remain in their position as soon as the stop surfaces 10 press on the front sides 21 and 22 with sufficient force. This will make the Hollow pin 17 and 18 centered because the forces are the same.

In addition, it can also be seen in FIG. 2 that the hollow bolts 17 and 18 can each have a reduced diameter region 32 at their end regions. As a result, the conditions in the press fit with which the tabs 14 and 15 are pressed onto the hollow bolts 17 and 18 by the punches 7 and 8 are improved. A guide rail 33 is provided so that the tabs 14 and 15 cannot escape to the outside during feeding. An extension 34 is arranged on the stamp 7 and an extension 35 is arranged on the stamp 8. The extensions 34 and 35 have mutually associated stop surfaces 36 and 37 which move on the block when the plunger 7 and 8 are lifted and are in contact with one another. The stop surfaces 36 and 37 thus define the lowest stroke position of the punch 7 and 8, so that the distance between the tabs 14 and 15 is maintained. The extensions 34 and 35 can also be made adjustable. The punches 7 and 8 are also subjected to a uniformly uniform force, so that they align the tabs 14 and 15 symmetrically to the main chain axis K _A. It can also have only one stamp 7 or 8 an extension.

3, the basic structure of a variant of the Lifting mechanism for the positioning mandrels 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 and the stamp 7 and 8.

The lifting mechanism comprises one with the upper positioning mandrel 1 or 2 or upper Stamp 7 connected lever linkage 38 and a lower lever linkage 39, the the positioning mandrel 3 or 4 or the lower punch 8 is connected. The lever linkage 38 and 39 each comprise one arranged around a swivel joint 40 Swivel lever 41, which has a compensating joint 42 with the corresponding positioning mandrel 1 to 4 or stamp 7 or 8 is connected. The compensating joints 42 must the pivoting movement of the pivoting lever 41 into a pure linear movement convert. The resulting transverse forces and transverse motion components must be balanced become. The pivot lever 41 is at its opposite the compensating joints 42 End connected by means of a joint 43 to a push rod 44, which in its length is adjustable. The push rod 44 is each via a joint 45 with a Slide bushing 46 connected, which is arranged on a linear guide 47 to move back and forth is. The sliding bushing is connected to a cam plate 49 via a linkage 48 positively coupled. This means that e.g. the linkage 48 is both an exterior and also scans an inner contour of the cam plate 49, so that the sliding bush 46 is cut is moved. An overload fuse 50 is interposed, so that the Scanning area 51 of the linkage 48 can be retracted further, but without the Slide bush 46 to move further. This is always the case when the positioning mandrels 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 with the hollow bolts 17 and 18 are in contact. Even if the drive the upper and lower punches 7 and 8 with their extensions 34 and 35 onto a block, grips the overload protection 50. By a selected spring for the overload protection 50 can be the force applied by the positioning mandrels 1 to 4 or stamps 7 and 8 will set pretty much. Due to the symmetrical design of the Lifting mechanism, the positioning mandrels 1 to 4 are even and uniform and move towards each other with the same force. The same applies to the top and bottom Stamps 7 and 8.

In the joining head shown in Fig. 1, e.g. three of these lifting mechanisms work in parallel. The first lifting mechanism actuates the positioning domes 1 and 3, the second lifting mechanism the positioning mandrels 2 and 4 and the third lifting mechanism operates punches 7 and 8. If additionally in the area of the positioning mandrels 1 to 4 a spring balance is created, all four positioning mandrels 1 to 4 can also be driven by a single lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanisms can be arranged so close to each other that the cams for the punch lifting mechanism and the positioning mandrel lifting mechanism one and the same drive can be driven about the same axis of rotation.

4 further exemplary embodiments of chain links to be produced are shown. At the top right is e.g. an outer chain link 52, which with appropriate modification the positioning mandrels 1 and 2 and the use of a prismatic guide by means of a similar joining head can be added. The hollow bolt 17 is indicated Inner chain link 13 shown. This is to show that at Production of an outer chain link 52, the inner chain links 13 inserted and thus the entire chain can be produced. With the reference number b is the symmetrical one Projection of the solid bolts 53 shown, with which they protrude beyond the tabs 54.

The duplex chain shown in FIG. 4 below can also be produced by means of an appropriately constructed joining head. However, the center piece 55 of the outer chain link must be preformed in a separate joining process. For this purpose, the link 56 is pushed exactly onto the main chain axis K _A by means of a similar joining head. This is done by dispensing with the extensions 34 and 35 of the joining head, so that the punches 7 and 8 make an automatic centering in the middle. The inner chain links 13 are produced in the manner described above and the outer plates 57 are pressed on symmetrically in a final process by means of a joining head. The entire structure of the duplex chain is then fed to the joining head pre-positioned in a corresponding rotary table. Especially with such long solid bolts 53, as in the duplex chain, the solid bolt 53 is stabilized by cylinder bore 5 or 6 in the punches 7 or 8. The reference number a in turn shows the same distance from the outer surface of the central link 56 to the end face of the solid bolts 53 are also equally far away from the main chain axis K _A.

Claims (26)

1. A method of joining a plate chain link, in which at least one plate (14, 15; 54; 56, 57) is joined with at least one bolt (17, 18; 53) by way of a pressing and aligning process, characterized in that said at least one bolt (17, 18; 53) is centrally fixed by the simultaneous active application of force-coupled symmetrical clamping forces to the faces (21, 22) of said bolt (17, 18; 53) in relation to a main chain axis (K_A) which is predetermined by the forced coupling, and said at least one plate (14, 15; 54; 56, 57) is subsequently pressed by a joining lift relative to said bolt (17, 18; 53) into a position symmetrical to said main chain axis (K_A) onto said fixed bolt (17, 18; 53).
2. The method of joining a plate chain link (55), in particular an intermediate pin plate, in which at least one plate (57) is joined with at least one bolt (53) by way of a pressing and aligning process, characterized in that said at least one plate (56) is symmetrically fixed relative to a predetermined main chain axis (K_A), and said at least one bolt (53) is subsequently pressed by a joining lift into said fixed plate (56) and is centered by the simultaneous active application of force-coupled symmetrical clamping forces to the faces of said bolt (53) in relation to said main chain axis (K_A) which is predetermined by said forced coupling.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during said joining lift said at least one plate (14, 15; 54; 56, 57) is pushed by the simultaneous active application of force-coupled symmetrical joining forces into a position symmetrical to said main chain axis (K_A).
4. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said at least one plate (14, 15; 54; 56, 57) and said at least one bolt (17, 18; 53) are prepositioned relative to each other, so that an opening (16) in said plate (14, 15; 54; 56, 57) is arranged to be coaxial to said bolt (17, 18; 53).
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, at the same time, for the application of said symmetrical clamping forces said at least one plate (14, 15; 54; 56, 57) is guided in coaxial fashion relative to said bolt (17, 18; 53) and is already pressed in part onto said bolt (17, 18; 53).
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said symmetrical clamping forces for a bolt (17, 18; 53) are applied by two positioning mandrels (1, 3; 2, 4) that are movable towards one another in a uniform and constant manner.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that said joining lift is carried out by an upper and/or tower press block (7, 8) which is/are arranged around said positioning mandrels (1, 2; 3, 4) and applies/apply the force-coupled symmetrical joining forces.
8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that said joining lift is carried out by one positioning mandrel (1, 3), and said symmetrical clamping forces for a bolt (17, 18; 53) are applied by two positioning mandrels (1, 3; 2, 4) that are movable towards one another in a uniform and constant manner.
9. A device for joining a plate chain link, comprising an axially movable upper positioning mandrel (1, 2) and an axially movable lower positioning mandrel (3, 4) between which a bolt (17, 18; 53) of said chain link (13; 52; 55) can be positioned and clamped, a lifting mechanism by which said positioning mandrels (1, 3; 2, 4) are displaceable towards one another in force-coupled fashion at a right angle relative to a main chain axis (K_A) and by which active symmetrical clamping forces relative to said main chain axis (K_A) can be applied to the faces (21, 22) of said bolt (17, 18; 53) via said force-coupled positioning mandrels (1, 2) so that said bolt (17, 18; 53) can be centrally fixed relative to said main chain axis (K_A); as well as an upper press block (7) and a lower press block (8) by which said at least one plate (14, 15; 54; 56, 57) can be pressed onto said fixed bolt (17, 18; 53) in a position symmetrical to said main chain axis (K_A).
10. A device for joining a plate chain link, in particular an intermediate pin plate, comprising an axially movable upper positioning mandrel (1, 2) and an axially movable lower positioning mandrel (3, 4) between which a bolt (53) can be positioned and clamped, an upper press block (7) and a lower press block (8) by which a plate (56) can be fixed in a position symmetrical to said main chain axis (K_A), a lifting mechanism by which said positioning mandrels (1, 3; 2, 4) are displaceable towards one another in force-coupled fashion at a right angle relative to a main chain axis (K_A), by which said bolt (53) can be pressed into said fixed plate (56), and by which active symmetrical clamping forces relative to said main chain axis (K_A) can be applied to the faces (21, 22) of said bolt (53) via said force-coupled positioning mandrels (1, 2) at least at the end of the joining lift.
11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that a lifting mechanism is provided for displacing said upper and lower press block (7, 8), by which mechanism said press blocks are displaceable in symmetry with and at a right angle relative to a main chain axis (K_A) and by which mechanism force-coupled symmetrical joining forces relative to said main axis (K_A) can simultaneously be applied for performing the joining lift, so that said at least one plate (14, 15; 54, 56, 57) can be pushed in symmetry onto said bolt (17, 18; 53).
12. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that said press blocks (7, 8) are designed as a movable and a stationary clamping jaw by which said at least one plate (56) can be clamped in a position substantially symmetrical to said main chain axis (K_A), and that said joining lift can be carried out by said at least one positioning mandrel (1, 3; 2, 4).
13. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that said lifting mechanism for said two positioning mandrels (1, 2, 3, 4) comprises a joint drive with forced guidance, by which said two positioning mandrels (1, 2, 3, 4) are movable towards each other in coaxial and symmetrical fashion.
14. The device according to any one of claims 9, 11 or 13, characterized in that said lifting mechanism for said upper and lower press block (7, 8) comprises a joint drive with forced guidance, by which said two press blocks (7, 8) are movable towards each other in coaxial and symmetrical fashion.
15. The device according to any one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that said drive comprises a slide bushing (46) which is controlled in its linear movement by a cam (49) and which moves said positioning mandrels (1, 2, 3, 4) or press blocks (7, 8) via a symmetrical lever linkage (38, 39).
16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that at least one lever section (44) of said lever linkage (38, 39) is designed to be adjustable in its length.
17. The device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that an overload protection means (50) of a compressible length is provided between said slide bushing (46) and cam (49) and/or in said lever linkage (38, 39).
18. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that said positioning mandrels (1, 2, 3, 4) are guided in coaxial bores (5, 6) of said press blocks (7, 8) and are movable relative thereto.
19. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 18 for joining an inner chain link (13), characterized in that said positioning mandrels (1, 2,3, 4) comprise a cylindrical attachment (9) which is movable in accurately fitting fashion into a bore (17, 18') of a hollow bolt (17, 18) of an inner chain link (13) and defines an annular abutment step (11) relative to the adjoining portion of said positioning mandrel (1, 2, 3, 4) which can be brought into contact with a face (21, 22) of said hollow bolt (17, 18).
20. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 19, characterized in that said positioning mandrel (1, 2, 3, 4) comprises a centering portion (31) which is movable into an opening (16) of said plate (14, 15) and aligns said plate in coaxial fashion relative to said hollow bolt (17, 18).
21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that said centering portion (31) has a frustoconical shape.
22. The device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that said centering portion (31) and said abutment step (11) are designed such that a small joining lift can already be carried out by said positioning mandrel (1, 2, 3, 4) for attaching said plate (14, 15) to the outer surface of said hollow bolt (17, 18) before said abutment step (11) rests on the face (21, 22) of said hollow bolt.
23. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 22, characterized in that said press blocks (7, 8) comprise a press block surface (12) which surrounds the associated positioning mandrel (1, 2, 3, 4) and is arranged substantially in planar and vertical fashion relative to the mandrel axis (A; B) and which is displaceable relative to said positioning mandrel (1, 2, 3, 4) and presses said plate (14, 15) onto the outer surface of said hollow bolt (17, 18).
24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that each of said upper and/or lower press block(s) (7, 8) comprises an extension (34, 35) which upon the joining lift stops its movement and defines an exact joining distance of the press block surfaces (12) relative to one another at the end of said joining lift.
25. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 24, characterized in that two upper positioning mandrels (1, 2) and two lower positioning mandrels (3, 4) are respectively arranged for forming a joining head in a jointly assigned upper and lower press block (7, 8).
26. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 25, characterized in that a supply means (23) is provided which prepositions all elements of a chain link (13) and supplies the same in prealigned fashion to a joining head.

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