EP1102026B1 - Auf Bildverarbeitung gegründeter elektrooptischer Aussenschlachtfeldsimulator - Google Patents

Auf Bildverarbeitung gegründeter elektrooptischer Aussenschlachtfeldsimulator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1102026B1
EP1102026B1 EP00403178A EP00403178A EP1102026B1 EP 1102026 B1 EP1102026 B1 EP 1102026B1 EP 00403178 A EP00403178 A EP 00403178A EP 00403178 A EP00403178 A EP 00403178A EP 1102026 B1 EP1102026 B1 EP 1102026B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
housing
simulator
weapon
targets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00403178A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1102026A1 (de
Inventor
Yosef Berger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd
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Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IL13299799A external-priority patent/IL132997A0/xx
Priority claimed from IL13809500A external-priority patent/IL138095A/en
Application filed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd filed Critical Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd
Publication of EP1102026A1 publication Critical patent/EP1102026A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1102026B1 publication Critical patent/EP1102026B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/26—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying
    • F41G3/2616—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device
    • F41G3/2622—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile
    • F41G3/2661—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile in which the light beam is sent from the target to the weapon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/26—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying
    • F41G3/2616—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device
    • F41G3/2622—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile
    • F41G3/2666—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile with means for selecting or varying PRF or time coding of the emitted beam
    • F41G3/2672—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile with means for selecting or varying PRF or time coding of the emitted beam using PRF adapted receiver
    • F41G3/2677—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile with means for selecting or varying PRF or time coding of the emitted beam using PRF adapted receiver with PRF determination

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a military training system for firing a weapon at a target and, more particularly, to a training system for firing an electro-optically guided anti-tank missile.
  • More realistic simulation lends greater verisimilitude and helps train soldiers in conditions that more closely resemble battlefield conditions.
  • a soldier needs to aim a weapon, pull a trigger or otherwise activate firing, and see the results of a "hit".
  • a further requirement is that a training control center be able to monitor all training activities, if possible, in real time.
  • the same system can also be attached to various types of guns and artillery and operated similarly.
  • US 4,793,811 discloses such a pulsed laser weapon firing simulation system, which is configured to measure the period of time from the appearance of the target to the actual firing by the operator, through the steps of identification and acquisition of the target.
  • Drawbacks of current simulation systems include :
  • a simulator for simulating the firing of a weapon at one of a plurality of targets, each target having a respective shape, including: a housing substantially identical in size and shape to at least a discrete portion of the weapon; a sensor, operationally connected to the housing, for acquiring a plurality of images of at least one of the targets; an image processor for detecting and analyzing changes among the images and for initiating control signals based on the analysis; for each target, an infra-red lamp that is alternatively activated by one of the control signals to flash at a unique, respective frequency and deactivated by another of the control signals; and a mechanism for transmitting the control signals to the lamps.
  • analysis by said image processor of light produced by a said infra-red lamp and detected by said sensor indicates at which target from amongst said plurality of targets said housing has been aimed, thus accurately simulating the aiming step of the firing of the weapon without any laser device.
  • the transmitting mechanism is wireless.
  • the transmitting mechanism is wired.
  • the senor includes a CCD television camera.
  • the senor forms part of the guidance system of an electro-optically guided missile.
  • a look-up table for the image processor including data about shapes of the targets and a capability of the image processor to utilize the data to calculate accuracy of aim at a target.
  • a pyrotechnic charge that is detonatable by a respective control signal and that is able to release variable quantifies of smoke in accordance with the calculated accuracy of aim.
  • a method for identifying an acquired target comprising the steps of: (a) providing a weapon simulator including a housing substantially identical in size and shape to at least a discrete portion of the weapon; a sensor, operationally connected to the housing, for acquiring a plurality of images of a target; an image processor for detecting and analyzing changes among these images and for initiating control signals based on the analysis; for each target, an infra-red lamp that is alternatively activated by one of the control signals to flash at a unique, respective frequency and deactivated by another of the control signals; and a mechanism for transmitting the control signals to the lamps; (b) aiming the housing at one of the targets; (c) transmitting a signal to activate all the infra-red lamps; (d) acquiring the plurality of images, at known time intervals, of the target aimed at; (e) passing the images to the image processor, (f) calculating the flash frequency of the lamp on the target, aimed at by comparing successive images from the
  • a method for determining accuracy of aim comprising the further steps of providing a target-shape look-up table that includes data about the shapes of the respective targets and comparing the sensor images of an acquired target with the shape data.
  • a method for a visual simulation of a hit there is provided a method for a visual simulation of a hit.
  • a method for a visual simulation of a hit comprising the steps of providing, at each target, a pyrotechnic charge and detonating the charge at an identified target.
  • a method for visually simulating the accuracy of a hit comprising the further step of differentially detonating the charge.
  • a method for simulation of firing of ballistic weapons comprising the further step of providing calculation algorithms for the image processor that include calculation of parabolic trajectories incorporating known muzzle velocities, angle of elevation, and range of said target.
  • the present invention is of an outdoors military training system for firing a weapon at a target, which provides for interaction between the training weapon and the target.
  • the present invention can be used for field training for electro-optically guided anti-tank missile systems.
  • the present invention incorporates reporting mechanisms so that a training control center can be instantly aware of the results of training exercises.
  • the present invention is a substitute for, or additional to, the currently used BT46 system, which is based on laser mechanisms.
  • the present invention may also be adapted to field training for other types of guns and artillery.
  • the present invention utilizes the in-built target seeking mechanism of ATMS, with the addition of a light-weight, inexpensive, and unobtrusive image processor.
  • operation relies on identification of the frequency of a flashing infra-red lamp located on an acquired target. Identification is done by means of the image processor fed by the seeker sensor, such as a television camera in the missile's own target-seeker head, or by an add-on sensor.
  • the seeker sensor such as a television camera in the missile's own target-seeker head, or by an add-on sensor.
  • the simulated weapon is a housing that represents, in shape and size, a discrete portion of a real weapon, and sufficient of the launcher to enable training in aiming and firing. It includes a missile guidance system but neither propulsion system nor explosive charge.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the present invention in operation, for the case of an ATMS, and Figure 2 a block diagram of the relevant parts of the missile's seeker head and the image processor.
  • the electro-optical guidance system of a missile simulator 10 includes a sensor 20, such as a CCD television camera or imager, in the seeker head 11 thereof.
  • the missile simulator could be an actual missile, less the propulsion system and explosive charge thereof.
  • sensor 20 which is sensitive to infra-red and visible light, captures an image 26 of a target 12.
  • Sensor 20 is mounted on gimbals 21, which are an intrinsic part of the seeker, so that the pitch 27 and yaw 28 thereof may be varied to enable sensor 20 to see or to lock onto target 12.
  • each potential target 12 is equipped with a respective flashing infra-red lamp 13 mounted thereon, which is invisible to the operator's eye but detectable by sensor 20 (CCD television camera or IIR imager).
  • the flashing frequency is unique to each particular target 12 whereupon each lamp 13 is located.
  • Successive images 26 from sensor 20 are passed, at predetermined time intervals, to an image processor 22 that detects changes among images 26.
  • the time intervals are short enough to enable image processor 26 to calculate the flash frequency of lamp 13, and, by comparison with a pre-programmed look-up table 23, to identify at which target missile 10 is 'aiming'.
  • image processor 22 By comparison with data, contained in a second look-up table 24, about the shape and size of the targets, image processor 22 also determines the accuracy of aiming.
  • This information is relayed by a wireless signal 17 to target 12, in order to detonate a pyrotechnic charge 19 situated at target 12 to simulate a 'hit' by releasing smoke 14.
  • a second wireless signal 16 is transmitted to a training control center, in order to enable trainers to monitor and control the training program and also to rate a trainee.
  • stages of operation are:
  • the invention by utilizing the missile's in-built sensor, solves the problem of the difference between the missile line of sight, which may vary in flight, and that of an externally attached laser, as occurs in existing systems.
  • the invention by utilizing a passive, already in-built sensor such as a CCD camera, has advantages of weight, safety (no laser beam), operational simplicity (calibration is not needed as it would be for a separate laser system aligned with the missile), debriefing (possibility of video record), low cost (less technically complicated), and better visibility in adverse weather conditions (CCD is more sensitive than the human eye and is less affected by atmospheric conditions than lasers).
  • the present invention is normally integrated into the simulated weapon and is therefore unobtrusive, there is the consequence that a conventional laser, may be added to the simulated weapon to facilitate integration into conventional battlefield simulators that use laser or other techniques such as in the earlier mentioned BT46 system. This adds versatility to the invention.
  • the present invention is partially realized by a simpler system, in which the image processing stage is employed without sending a signal 16 back to the control center and/or the target 12 by use of transmitter 15, which may therefore be absent.
  • wireless communication is replaced with wired transmission of signals and data.
  • transmitter 15 is absent and is replaced by cables.
  • Yet another embodiment of the present invention is for non-electro-optically guided weapons systems, such as rifles and artillery.
  • a gun or cannon is substituted for the launcher, there is no missile, and a sighting mechanism substitutes for the guidance system.
  • 'discrete portion' of the weapon includes only the gun or cannon and the sighting mechanism and 'aiming' means pointing the housing so that, if it were a real weapon, a projectile fired therefrom would follow a trajectory to the target; thus the sensor needs to be adjustable for range and other considerations in the same way as sights on a real weapon.

Claims (16)

  1. Simulator (10) zum Simulieren des Abschusses einer Waffe auf eines von mehreren Zielen (12), wobei jedes Ziel (12) eine jeweilige Form aufweist, umfassend:
    a) ein Gehäuse, das in Größe und Form im Wesentlichen mit wenigstens einem diskreten Abschnitt der Waffe identisch ist;
    b) einen mit dem Gehäuse wirkverbundenen Sensor (20) zum Erfassen mehrerer Bilder (26) wenigstens eines der Ziele (12);
    c) eine Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22) zum Erkennen und Analysieren von Veränderungen zwischen den Bildern (26) und zum Initiieren von Steuersignalen (17) anhand der Analyse;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Simulator des Weiteren folgendes umfasst:
    d) für jedes Ziel (12) eine Infrarotlampe (13), die alternativ
    i) durch eines der Steuersignale (17) aktiviert wird, dergestalt, dass sie mit einer eindeutig zuordnungsfähigen jeweiligen Frequenz blinkt, und
    (ii) durch ein anderes der Steuersignale deaktiviert wird; und
    e) einen Mechanismus (15) zum Übertragen der Steuersignale (17) zu den Lampen (13),
    wobei die von der Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22) vorgenommene Analyse des Lichts, das von einer der Infrarotlampen (13) abgegeben wurde und von dem Sensor (20) erfasst wird, anzeigt, auf welches der mehreren Ziele (12) das Gehäuse gezielt hat, wodurch präzise der Ziel-Schritt des Abschusses der Waffe simuliert wird.
  2. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mechanismus (15) ein drahtloser Mechanismus ist.
  3. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mechanismus (15) ein drahtgebundener Mechanismus ist.
  4. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (20) eine CCD-Fernsehkamera enthält.
  5. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (20) einen teil eines Lenksystems einer elektro-optisch gelenkten Rakete enthält.
  6. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22) eine Nachschlagetabelle (24) enthält, die Daten über Formen jeweiliger Ziele (12) enthält, wobei die Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22) in der Lage ist, eine Zielgenauigkeit bezüglich des Ziels (12) zu berechnen, auf das der Abschuss der Waffe simuliert wird.
  7. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er des Weiteren folgendes umfasst:
    f) an jedem Ziel (12) eine pyrotechnische Ladung (19), die mittels eines jeweiligen Steuersignals (17) gezündet werden kann.
  8. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22) eine Nachschlagetabelle (24) enthält, die Daten über Formen jeweiliger Ziele (12) enthält, wobei die Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22) in der Lage ist, eine Zielgenauigkeit bezüglich des Ziels (12) zu berechnen, auf das der Abschuss der Waffe simuliert wird.
  9. Simulator (10) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pyrotechnische Ladung (19) entsprechend der Zielgenauigkeit quantitativ variabel gezündet werden.
  10. Verfahren zum Simulieren des Abschusses einer Waffe auf eines von mehreren Zielen (12), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es folgende Schritte umfasst:
    a) Bereitstellen
    (i) eines Waffensimulators (10) mit einem Gehäuse, das in Größe und Form im Wesentlichen mit wenigstens einem diskreten Abschnitt der Waffe identisch ist;
    (ii) eines mit dem Gehäuse wirkverbundenen Sensors (20) zum Erfassen mehrerer Bilder (26) des Ziels (12);
    (iii) einer Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22) zum Erkennen und Analysieren von Veränderungen zwischen diesen Bildern (26) und zum Initiieren von Steuersignalen (17) anhand der Analyse;
    (iv) einer Infrarotlampe (13) für jedes Ziel (12), die alternativ
    (A) durch eines der Steuersignale (17) aktiviert wird, dergestalt, dass sie mit einer eindeutig zuordnungsfähigen jeweiligen Frequenz blinkt, und
    (B) durch ein anderes der Steuersignale (17) deaktiviert wird; und
    (v) eines Mechanismus' (15) zum Übertragen der Steuersignale (17) zu den Lampen (13);
    b) Zielen mit dem Gehäuse auf eines der Ziele (12);
    c) Aktivieren aller Infrarotlampen (13);
    d) Erfassen mehrerer Bilder (26) des vom Gehäuse anvisierten Ziels (12) in bekannten Zeitabständen;
    e) Weiterleiten der Bilder (26) zu der Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung (22);
    f) Berechnen einer Blinkfrequenz der Lampe (13) an dem vom Gehäuse anvisierten Ziel (12) durch Vergleichen aufeinanderfolgender Bilder (26); und
    g) Identifizieren des vom Gehäuse anvisierten Ziels (12) durch Vergleichen der errechneten Blinkfrequenz mit einer Nachschlagetabelle (23) der jeweiligen Frequenzen,
    wobei das Erkennen, auf welches der mehreren Ziele (12) das Gehäuse gerichtet ist, eine exakte Simulation des Ziel-Schrittes des Abschusses der Waffe darstellt.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es des Weiteren folgenden Schritt umfasst:
    h) visuelles Simulieren eines Treffers.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Simulieren durch Schritte bewirkt wird, die folgendes enthalten:
    i) Bereitstellen einer pyrotechnischen Ladung (19) an jedem Ziel (12); und
    ii) Zünden der Ladung (19) an dem Ziel (12), auf das mit dem Gehäuse gezielt wird.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ladung (19) quantitativ variabel gezündet werden kann.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es des Weiteren folgenden Schritt umfasst:
    h) Ermitteln einer Zielgenauigkeit.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ermitteln dieser Genauigkeit durch Schritte bewirkt wird, die folgendes enthalten:
    i) Bereitstellen einer Nachschlagetabelle (24), die Daten über Formen der Ziele (12) enthält; und
    ii) Vergleichen der Bilder (26) des Ziels (12) mit den Form-Daten.
  16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ermitteln dieser Genauigkeit durch Schritte bewirkt wird, die das Berechnen der Flugbahn von dem Gehäuse zu dem vom Gehäuse anvisierten Ziel (12) enthalten.
EP00403178A 1999-11-17 2000-11-15 Auf Bildverarbeitung gegründeter elektrooptischer Aussenschlachtfeldsimulator Expired - Lifetime EP1102026B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL13299799 1999-11-17
IL13299799A IL132997A0 (en) 1999-11-17 1999-11-17 Electro optical field simulator for anti-tank systems
IL13809500 2000-08-25
IL13809500A IL138095A (en) 2000-08-25 2000-08-25 Electro-optical, out-door battle-field simulator based on image processing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1102026A1 EP1102026A1 (de) 2001-05-23
EP1102026B1 true EP1102026B1 (de) 2004-10-20

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EP00403178A Expired - Lifetime EP1102026B1 (de) 1999-11-17 2000-11-15 Auf Bildverarbeitung gegründeter elektrooptischer Aussenschlachtfeldsimulator

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EP (1) EP1102026B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE280381T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60015054T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2231139T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060142935A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-06-29 Koerber Eric J B Providing a user with location-based information

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3405017C2 (de) * 1984-02-13 1994-04-14 Wegmann & Co Gmbh Einrichtung zur Überwachung von Kampffahrzeugen, insbesondere von Kampfpanzern, beim Übungsschießen mit simulierten Schüssen
DE3643107A1 (de) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-30 Precitronic Einrichtung zur schusssimulation
FR2772908B1 (fr) * 1997-12-24 2000-02-18 Aerospatiale Simulateur de tir de missiles avec immersion du tireur dans un espace virtuel

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Publication number Publication date
DE60015054D1 (de) 2004-11-25
ES2231139T3 (es) 2005-05-16
DE60015054T2 (de) 2005-12-01
ATE280381T1 (de) 2004-11-15
EP1102026A1 (de) 2001-05-23

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