EP1098065A1 - Method for drilling a tunnel - Google Patents
Method for drilling a tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1098065A1 EP1098065A1 EP00203798A EP00203798A EP1098065A1 EP 1098065 A1 EP1098065 A1 EP 1098065A1 EP 00203798 A EP00203798 A EP 00203798A EP 00203798 A EP00203798 A EP 00203798A EP 1098065 A1 EP1098065 A1 EP 1098065A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tunnel
- drilling
- pilot
- drillings
- drilling device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/02—Driving inclined tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
Definitions
- the object of the invention is a tunnel drilling technique with which one or more of the disadvantages of the known tunnel drilling technique is eliminated.
- the tunnel drilling device it is therefor suggested to initially drill one or more at least substantially parallel guide- or pilot drillings, subsequently followed by the tunnel drilling device.
- effort is used such that the one or more pilot drillings come out of the soil at the side of the tunnel drilling device facing the direction of its advancement through the soil, before the tunnel drilling device starts following said pilot drillings.
- tunnel drilling here means each technique (such as also reaming) for making a hole in the underground wherein the tunnel front advances beneath the surface.
- the tunnel to be drilled is particularly designed for making an underground traffic tunnel, such as for car or train traffic. Therefor, its diameter measures preferably 3m as a minimum.
- the invention is applied in sandy soil or some other relatively easily processable underground, such as clay, peat, gravel or mixtures of these soil types, wherein these undergrounds are also called “soil” or "earth”.
- at least a length part of the tunnel installed according to the invention is at least partly, e.g. over at least 25% or at least 50% of its height, or over completely its height, beneath the local ground water level.
- the tunnel drilling device is preferably designed in accordance with the dimension of the tunnel tube to be installed therewith.
- this device has an underground rotatably fixed base frame following the advancement of the drilling front and equiped with driving means to rotatably drive one or more underground drilling members which are rotatable relative to said base frame and also follow the advance,ent of the drilling front, such as drilling bits or fluid jet nozzles.
- Said drilling members preferably push against the rotatably fixed base frame.
- the pilot drillings have a diameter substantially smaller than that of the tunnel tube, and can be made by any convenient technique, such as jet grouting or with a mechanical drilling head.
- the walls of the pilot drilling can be equiped with a lining such as a prefabricated tube, the front end of which is preferably moved along with the drilling front of the pilot drilling.
- This tunnel wall lining has at least one of the following functions: Carrying the loads from the surrounding soil; providing a neat finish of the view side of the tunnel; containing one or more provisions, such as cables to illuminate the tunnel and/or traffic control or else.
- this technique of underground installation of a tube differs from other techniques wherein the wall lining is each time added at the side (the back side) opposite the advancing underground front, such that the already applied wall lining moves along with the advancing front. Furthermore this technique differs from other techniques due to the underground drive system for the drilling members moving along with the drilling front. With other drilling techniques the drive system of the drilling members is located at the start of the underground tube, and a longitudinally adaptable rotating drive rod extends therefrom to the drilling members.
- Fig. 1 shows a sectional side view of a tunnel trajectory during installation, wherein the method according to the invention is applied.
- Fig. 2 shows the surrounding of the tunnel drilling device more in detail in sectional side view.
- a tunnel tube 2 is illustrated below the ground surface 1, debouching above the ground at one longitudinal end while at the opposite end (the drilling front) a tunnel drilling device 3 is present.
- a number of pilot drillings 4 extend from the drilling front, the longitudinal end of which opposite the drilling front also debouching outside the soil.
- the drilling front 5 advances in the direction of the pilot drillings (arrow A).
- the fluids such as liquid and/or mortar, required for the correct action of the tunnel drilling device, are supplied to and withdrawn from the drilling front.
- a pulling member 6 extends to the drilling front 5 and is connected to the tunnel drilling device 3 to apply a pulling force on the latter in the direction of the arrow A to supply at least a part of the propulsion force required to advance the drilling front 5.
- the device 3 at least has to push less hard against the tunnel wall lining 7 during advancement.
- the device 3 each time advances stepwise and then between it and the stationary tunnel wall lining a ring gap 8 develops which subsequently is at least partly filled from the existing tunnel wall lining with supplied tunnel wall lining, whereafter the device 3 advances over one stroke again.
- the device 3 comprises a shell body 10 overlapping the tunnel wall lining 9 and connecting thereto in an at least substantially liquid tight manner such that no matter (such as ground water) can enter from the drilling front 5 the tunnel tube 2 exending below the ground water level 11.
- the tunnel tube is preferably installed according to a hollow extending curved path relative to the eart surface, as illustrated.
- the tunnel tube can extend below an obstacle, such as a building, surface water body, forest, lawn, or such, such that the tunnel tube extends from the one to the opposite side of the obstacle.
- the pilot drillings 4 extend with a mutual distance and are connected to the front of the device 3 with a mutual distance.
- the locations where the pilot drillings are connected to the device 3, and the number of pilot drillings 4 applied can be selected according to desire. While in the embodiments the tunnel tube 2 accurately follows the path of the pilot drillings along their complete length, it is also possible that the tunnel tube 2 follows said path along only a part length, to e.g. subsequently follow the path of another set of pilot drillings.
- the tunnel drilling device preferably surrounds at least one of the pilot drillings.
- pilot drillings are made in the one direction and the tunnel tube in the opposite direction.
- the pilot drillings are drilled from the one side to the opposite side of the obstacle.
- the tunnel tube is then drilled from the opposite side to the one side of the obstacle.
- Fig. 3 shows some profile shapes of the tunnel tube which can be made according to the present invention. Apart of that, a traditional at least substantial circular profiel shape and also possibly a rectangular profile shape (fig. 4) can be made.
- Fig. 5 shows schematically a front view of the device 3, wherein the working areas 12 of the drilling members are shown.
- a tunnel tube differing from the circular shape can be made.
- Each drilling member can be a drilling head with bits know as such, spinning around a central spinning axis extending under right angles to the drawing surface of fig. 5.
- the drilling head can have e.g. fluid jet nozzles ejecting a fluid jet eroding the surrounding soil material.
- adjacent drilling members spin oppositely.
- Fig. 6 shows a sectional side view and fig. 4 shows the corresponding view of fig. 6 in the direction of the arrow VII of an alternative embodiment of the tunnel drilling device 3 for making a tunnel tube with rectangular profile.
- the drilling members, the working areas 12 of which are shown, can now spin around an axis 13 extending making an angle with the longitudinal direction of the tunnel tube.
- the working areas 12 are within a soil knife 14 having a slanted cutting edge extending downwardly to the back as view from aside. This soil knive can be eliminated. It is also feasible, to use the soil knive without additional drilling members or with different drilling members.
- Fig. 8 and 7 show the profile of the tunnel tube 2.
- a wheeled carriage 15 is located in the tunnel tube 2.
- a prefabricated tunnel wall lining segment 16 of steel sheet is supported by the carriage.
- the segment 16 preferably makes a closed section. It is supplied to the tunnel tube 2 in collapsed mode, preferably by pivots along one or more pivoting lines.
- the segment 16 can advance through the tunnel tube from its begin an towards the drilling front to extend the tunnel tube wall lining over a distance that at least substantially equals the distance over which the device 3 is advanced since the last time the tunnel tube wall lining is extended.
- the segment can be unfolded into its final shape, corresponding to the tunnel tube profile (fig. 7).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1013459 | 1999-11-02 | ||
NL1013459 | 1999-11-02 | ||
NL1016496 | 2000-10-30 | ||
NL1016496A NL1016496C2 (nl) | 1999-11-02 | 2000-10-30 | Werkwijze voor het aanleggen van een geboorde tunnel. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1098065A1 true EP1098065A1 (en) | 2001-05-09 |
Family
ID=26643080
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00203798A Withdrawn EP1098065A1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2000-11-01 | Method for drilling a tunnel |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1098065A1 (nl) |
NL (1) | NL1016496C2 (nl) |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3894402A (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1975-07-15 | Martin D Cherrington | Apparatus and method for emplacing a conduit along an underground arcuate path |
US4102413A (en) * | 1976-08-30 | 1978-07-25 | Frederick Eric Johnston | Rock drilling apparatus and method |
US4124985A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1978-11-14 | Lembit Maimets | Collapsible tunnel liner section and method of lining a tunnel |
US4142598A (en) * | 1977-05-23 | 1979-03-06 | Smith International, Inc. | Two stage large diameter drill bit |
US4456078A (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1984-06-26 | Adam Arthur J L | Earth boring method and apparatus |
US5314267A (en) * | 1992-08-27 | 1994-05-24 | Mark Osadchuk | Horizontal pipeline boring apparatus and method |
US5366029A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1994-11-22 | Beck Iii August H | Large shaft over-reamer apparatus and method |
EP0741227A2 (en) * | 1995-05-01 | 1996-11-06 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Borehole boring method and machine |
EP0763648A1 (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-19 | Rd Trenchless Ltd Oy | Drilling apparatus and drilling method |
US5628585A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-05-13 | Tti Trenchless Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for removal of utility line and replacement with polyolefin pipe |
EP0890708A1 (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-01-13 | Heerema Ondergrondse Infrastructuren B.V. | Method, system and device for building a wall in the ground |
-
2000
- 2000-10-30 NL NL1016496A patent/NL1016496C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-01 EP EP00203798A patent/EP1098065A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3894402A (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1975-07-15 | Martin D Cherrington | Apparatus and method for emplacing a conduit along an underground arcuate path |
US4102413A (en) * | 1976-08-30 | 1978-07-25 | Frederick Eric Johnston | Rock drilling apparatus and method |
US4142598A (en) * | 1977-05-23 | 1979-03-06 | Smith International, Inc. | Two stage large diameter drill bit |
US4124985A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1978-11-14 | Lembit Maimets | Collapsible tunnel liner section and method of lining a tunnel |
US4456078A (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1984-06-26 | Adam Arthur J L | Earth boring method and apparatus |
US5314267A (en) * | 1992-08-27 | 1994-05-24 | Mark Osadchuk | Horizontal pipeline boring apparatus and method |
US5366029A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1994-11-22 | Beck Iii August H | Large shaft over-reamer apparatus and method |
US5628585A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-05-13 | Tti Trenchless Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for removal of utility line and replacement with polyolefin pipe |
EP0741227A2 (en) * | 1995-05-01 | 1996-11-06 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Borehole boring method and machine |
EP0763648A1 (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-19 | Rd Trenchless Ltd Oy | Drilling apparatus and drilling method |
EP0890708A1 (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-01-13 | Heerema Ondergrondse Infrastructuren B.V. | Method, system and device for building a wall in the ground |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL1016496A1 (nl) | 2001-05-03 |
NL1016496C2 (nl) | 2001-06-06 |
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Effective date: 20011110 |