EP1097748A1 - Air filter with electrostatic separator - Google Patents

Air filter with electrostatic separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1097748A1
EP1097748A1 EP00121830A EP00121830A EP1097748A1 EP 1097748 A1 EP1097748 A1 EP 1097748A1 EP 00121830 A EP00121830 A EP 00121830A EP 00121830 A EP00121830 A EP 00121830A EP 1097748 A1 EP1097748 A1 EP 1097748A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
air filter
channel
cleaned
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP00121830A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manfred Lauer
Arndt Döhler
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1097748A1 publication Critical patent/EP1097748A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/02—Air cleaners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/08—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces parallel to the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/47—Collecting-electrodes flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/10—Ionising electrode with two or more serrated ends or sides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/30—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation for use in or with vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air filter, in particular an intake air filter for a Internal combustion engine, with an electrostatic separator in the form of a High voltage electrode and a precipitation electrode between which the airflow to be cleaned is passed through.
  • an air filter is known from DE 30 19 174 A1.
  • Usual intake air filters for internal combustion engines are designed as paper filters, i.e. the intake air flow of the internal combustion engine is determined by a accordion-folded paper filter strips passed through the forms a not inconsiderable flow resistance and thus on has a negative impact on the overall efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Further it is necessary to use a dirty paper filter (especially when operating in a dusty environment) at intervals that are sometimes relatively short.
  • an electrostatic air filter such as that in the above-mentioned DE 30 19 174 A1 is shown.
  • the high-voltage electrode suitably high electrical voltage (e.g. in the order of 16000 volts), so that there is between the high-voltage electrode and the (Grounded) precipitation electrode forms a corona in which the Dust particles of the air flow passed through are ionized or charged so that they settle on the precipitation electrode.
  • Latter needs to be cleaned occasionally, but this is easier than that Exchange of a paper filter.
  • At least one is special within the air filter housing worked out channel provided within which the to be cleaned Air flow is guided in such a targeted manner that it completely said Corona field, in which the dust separation by ionization of the Dust particles and subsequent precipitation of them at the so-called precipitation electrode done, is exposed.
  • This is achieved in that one of the electrodes itself the wall for this duct carrying the air flow forms while the other electrode is suitably centrally within this channel is arranged.
  • the channel has one has a circular cross-section, central or concentric within it a circular to the channel wall or to the so-called channel wall electrode Electrode is provided, which is then preferably a high-voltage electrode acts because then the precipitation electrode has a considerable area is larger electrode, so that there is a relatively high deposition capacity.
  • Electrode is provided, which is particularly advantageous thereby an elongated, in particular rectilinear channel, since in this no diversion is required and a good inflow and outflow can be realized.
  • the channel delimited by the precipitation electrode essentially has the shape of an elongated rectangle with rounded corners, so can with a optimal design of said corona field a maximum Flow cross-section can be achieved. Otherwise it is for enlargement of the total flow cross section of the air filter possible, within of the air filter housing several such channels lying side by side (preferably with their longer side walls adjacent), in each of which a high-voltage electrode is arranged.
  • the electrical electrode voltage applied to this high-voltage electrode can or should be just below the breakdown limit, i.e. to be regulated just below an electrical flashover to the Separation efficiency increases even under fluctuating climatic conditions maximize. Otherwise, can be used to reinforce the corona field (Local) increase in the field line density in the corona field on the surface the high-voltage electrode is punctiform or essentially in the direction of flow linear elevations of the air flow are provided his.
  • FIG. 1 showing a longitudinal section (section II from FIG. 2) of an air filter according to the invention and FIG. 2 the cross section (section II-II from FIG. 1). All features described in more detail can be essential to the invention.
  • the reference number 1 denotes the housing of the air filter, which, as can be seen, has an essentially square cross section (cf. FIG . 2 ) and extends perpendicularly to it in the direction of a central, so-called longitudinal axis 2.
  • an intake funnel 3 opening in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2 an air flow to be cleaned, that is to say in particular to be freed from dust particles or the like (this is represented by arrows 4 and is referred to below with reference number 4), is introduced into the air filter housing 1.
  • a funnel-shaped discharge pipe 5 is arranged at the end of the housing 1 opposite the suction funnel 3 and also extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2, through which the then cleaned air flow 4 is guided out of the air filter housing 1 again.
  • each channel wall 7 describes a substantially rectangular cross section or the cross section of each channel 8 has essentially the shape of an elongated rectangle with rounded corners, the adjacent channels 8 each adjoining one another with their longer side edges.
  • a so-called intermediate plate 9 is arranged centrally within each channel 8 such that the shortest distance between each surface point of the intermediate plate 9 and the channel wall 7 is almost the same for all surface points.
  • This intermediate plate 9 forms together with the channel wall 7 an electrostatic separator for the dust particles contained in the air stream 4 or the like.
  • a high electrical voltage is applied to the intermediate plate 9 (for example in the order of 30 kV), so that this intermediate plate 9 as High-voltage electrode functions, for which reference number 9 is also used below.
  • the channel wall 7, however, is electrically grounded and thus forms the corresponding counter-electrode, for which the term is used below Precipitation electrode "and (also) reference number 7 is used.
  • Dust particles or the like contained in the air stream 4 are in this corona field ionized and are therefore electrical from the precipitation electrode 7 attracted and therefore attach to this, i.e. on the canal wall 7 from.
  • the precipitation electrode 7 is electrical from the precipitation electrode 7 attracted and therefore attach to this, i.e. on the canal wall 7 from.
  • to increase the field line density in said corona field 9 point-shaped elevations on the surface of the high-voltage electrode 14 is provided, however, this and a variety of other details in particular of a constructive nature, quite different from the exemplary embodiment shown be designed without leaving the content of the claims.
  • such an air filter is characterized by a high separation efficiency and in particular through minimized flow resistance for the air flow 4 to be cleaned.
  • this air filter improves thus the overall efficiency of the internal combustion engine.
  • Air filter ready for use over the entire service life of the internal combustion engine, i.e. there is no need to replace filter elements, but it all that is required is the electrodes, especially the precipitation electrode to be cleaned at certain time intervals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

The air filter has an electrostatic separator with a high voltage electrode (9) and a low voltage electrode (7), between which the air flow (4) to be cleaned is passed. One (7) electrode forms a wall of a channel of closed cross-section for the air flow to be cleaned. The other electrode (9) is arranged in the channel so shortest distance between the inner electrode and the so-called channel wall electrode is approximately equal at all points.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Luftfilter, insbesondere Ansaug-Luftfilter für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem elektrostatischen Abscheider in Form einer Hochspannungs-Elektrode und einer Niederschlags-Elektrode, zwischen denen der zu reinigende Luftstrom hindurchgeführt wird. Ein derartiges Luftfilter ist aus der DE 30 19 174 A1 bekannt.The invention relates to an air filter, in particular an intake air filter for a Internal combustion engine, with an electrostatic separator in the form of a High voltage electrode and a precipitation electrode between which the airflow to be cleaned is passed through. Such an air filter is known from DE 30 19 174 A1.

Übliche Ansaugluftfilter für Brennkraftmaschinen sind als Papierfilter ausgebildet, d.h. der Ansaugluftstrom der Brennkraftmaschine wird durch einen ziehharmonikabalgartig gefalteten Papierfilterstreifen hindurchgeführt, der einen nicht unerheblichen Strömungswiderstand bildet und sich somit auf den Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Brennkraftmaschine negativ auswirkt. Ferner ist es erforderlich, ein verschmutztes Papierfilter (insbesondere bei Betrieb in einer staubhaltigen Umgebung) in teilweise relativ kurzen Intervallen auszutauschen.Usual intake air filters for internal combustion engines are designed as paper filters, i.e. the intake air flow of the internal combustion engine is determined by a accordion-folded paper filter strips passed through the forms a not inconsiderable flow resistance and thus on has a negative impact on the overall efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Further it is necessary to use a dirty paper filter (especially when operating in a dusty environment) at intervals that are sometimes relatively short.

Demgegenüber günstiger ist ein elektrostatisches Luftfilter, wie es bspw. in der eingangs genannten DE 30 19 174 A1 gezeigt ist. Dieses weist anstelle der üblichen Papierfilterelemente eine sog. Hochspannungs-Elektrode sowie eine sog. Niederschlags-Elektrode auf, zwischen denen der zu reinigende Luftstrom hindurchgeführt wird. An der Hochspannungs-Elektrode liegt eine geeignet hohe elektrische Spannung (bspw. in der Größenordnung von 16000 Volt) an, so daß sich zwischen der Hochspannungs-Elektrode und der (auf Masse gelegten) Niederschlags-Elektrode eine Corona bildet, in der die Staubpartikel des hindurchgeführten Luftstromes ionisiert bzw. aufgeladen werden, so daß sich diese an der Niederschlags-Elektrode absetzen. Letztere muß zwar gelegentlich gereinigt werden, was jedoch einfacher ist als der Austausch eines Papierfilters. Insbesondere jedoch ist der Strömungswiderstand eines solchen elektrostatischen Luftfilters erheblich geringer als derjenige eines Papierfilters.In contrast, an electrostatic air filter, such as that in the above-mentioned DE 30 19 174 A1 is shown. This points instead the usual paper filter elements a so-called high-voltage electrode and a so-called precipitation electrode, between which the one to be cleaned Air flow is passed. There is one on the high-voltage electrode suitably high electrical voltage (e.g. in the order of 16000 volts), so that there is between the high-voltage electrode and the (Grounded) precipitation electrode forms a corona in which the Dust particles of the air flow passed through are ionized or charged so that they settle on the precipitation electrode. Latter needs to be cleaned occasionally, but this is easier than that Exchange of a paper filter. In particular, however, is the flow resistance of such an electrostatic air filter considerably less than that a paper filter.

Allerdings läßt bei dem aus der DE 30 19 174 A1 bekannten zyklonartigen Luftfilter mit elektrostatischem Abscheider der Abscheide-Wirkungsgrad zu wünschen übrig, d.h. die Staubabscheidung erfolgt nicht so umfassend bzw. ausgeprägt wie bei den üblichen Papierfiltern. Dies dürfte insbesondere daran liegen, daß bei dieser bekannten Bauart ein nicht unerheblicher Teil des Luftstromes an dem genannten Corona-Feld vorbei gelangen kann ohne dieses zu durchdringen bzw. zu passieren, so daß ein Teil der im durch das Luftfilter hindurchgeführten Luftstrom enthaltenen Staubpartikel überhaupt nicht ionisiert wird und somit auch nicht abgeschieden werden kann.However, the cyclone-like known from DE 30 19 174 A1 Air filter with electrostatic separator to increase the separation efficiency wish, i.e. dust separation is not as extensive or pronounced as with the usual paper filters. This should be particularly true lie that in this known design a not inconsiderable part of the Air flow can get past the aforementioned corona field without to penetrate or to pass through it, so that a part of the im through Air filter passed through airflow contain dust particles at all is not ionized and therefore cannot be deposited.

An einem zyklonartigen Luftfilter nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 Maßnahmen aufzuzeigen, mit Hilfe derer sich ein verbesserter Abscheide-Wirkungsgrad ergibt, ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der beiden Elektroden eine Kanalwand eines im Querschnitt geschlossenen Kanales für den zu reinigenden Luftstrom bildet, innerhalb dessen die andere Elektrode derart angeordnet ist, daß der kürzeste Abstand zwischen dieser inneren Elektrode und der sog. Kanalwand-Elektrode an allen Punkten nahezu gleich ist. Vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen sind Inhalt der Unteransprüche.To demonstrate on a cyclone-type air filter according to the preamble of claim 1 measures by means of which an improved separation efficiency results is the object of the present invention.
The solution to this problem is characterized in that one of the two electrodes forms a channel wall of a channel with a closed cross section for the air stream to be cleaned, within which the other electrode is arranged such that the shortest distance between this inner electrode and the so-called channel wall Electrode is almost the same at all points. Advantageous training and further education are included in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß ist innerhalb des Luftfilter-Gehäuses zumindest ein speziell herausgearbeiteter Kanal vorgesehen, innerhalb dessen der zu reinigende Luftstrom derart gezielt geführt wird, daß er vollständig dem besagten Corona-Feld, in welchem die Staubabscheidung durch Ionisierung der Staubpartikel und anschließendem Niederschlag derselben an der sog. Niederschlags-Elektrode erfolgt, ausgesetzt ist. Erzielt wird dies dadurch, daß eine der Elektroden selbst die Wand für diesen den Luftstrom führenden Kanal bildet, während die andere Elektrode in geeigneter Weise zentral innerhalb dieses Kanales angeordnet ist. Um dabei zu gewährleisten, daß über dem Kanalquerschnitt betrachtet an sämtlichen Stellen ein im wesentlichen gleich starkes, homogenes elektrisches Feld vorliegt, soll wie weiterhin angegeben der kürzeste Abstand zwischen den beiden Elektroden für alle Oberflächenpunkte dieser Elektroden im wesentlichen gleich sein.According to the invention, at least one is special within the air filter housing worked out channel provided within which the to be cleaned Air flow is guided in such a targeted manner that it completely said Corona field, in which the dust separation by ionization of the Dust particles and subsequent precipitation of them at the so-called precipitation electrode done, is exposed. This is achieved in that one of the electrodes itself the wall for this duct carrying the air flow forms while the other electrode is suitably centrally within this channel is arranged. To ensure that over the channel cross-section is essentially considered at all points the same strong, homogeneous electric field should exist as stated the shortest distance between the two electrodes for all Surface points of these electrodes are essentially the same.

Diese genannten Kriterien sind bspw. dann erfüllt, wenn der Kanal einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt besitzt, innerhalb dessen zentral bzw. konzentrisch zur Kanalwand bzw. zur sog. Kanalwand-Elektrode eine kreisförmige Elektrode vorgesehen ist, die dann bevorzugt als Hochspannungs-Elektrode fungiert, da dann die Niederschlags-Elektrode die flächenmäßig erheblich größere Elektrode ist, so daß eine relativ hohe Ablagerungskapazität besteht. Hinsichtlich der Durchströmungsverhältnisse besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei ein langgestreckter, insbesondere geradliniger Kanal, da in diesem keine Umlenkung erforderlich ist und ferner eine gute Zu- und Abströmung realisiert werden kann.These criteria are met, for example, when the channel has one has a circular cross-section, central or concentric within it a circular to the channel wall or to the so-called channel wall electrode Electrode is provided, which is then preferably a high-voltage electrode acts because then the precipitation electrode has a considerable area is larger electrode, so that there is a relatively high deposition capacity. With regard to the flow conditions is particularly advantageous thereby an elongated, in particular rectilinear channel, since in this no diversion is required and a good inflow and outflow can be realized.

Besitzt der von der Niederschlags-Elektrode begrenzte Kanal im wesentlichen die Form eines gestreckten Rechteckes mit abgerundeten Ecken, so kann bei optimaler Gestaltung des besagten Corona-Feldes ein maximaler Durchströmquerschnitt erzielt werden. Im übrigen ist es zur Vergrößerung des gesamten Durchströmquerschnittes des Luftfilters möglich, innerhalb des Luftfiltergehäuses nebeneinander liegend mehrere derartige Kanäle (bevorzugt mit ihren längeren Seitenwänden aneinander angrenzend) vorzusehen, in denen jeweils eine Hochspannungs-Elektrode angeordnet ist. Die an diese Hochspannungs-Elektrode angelegte elektrische Elektrodenspannung kann bzw. sollte dabei knapp unterhalb der Durchschlagsgrenze, d.h. knapp unterhalb eines elektrischen Überschlages geregelt werden, um den Abscheidewirkungsgrad auch unter schwankenden Klimabedingungen zu maximieren. Im übrigen können zur Verstärkung des Corona-Feldes zur (lokalen) Erhöhung der Feldliniendichte im Corona-Feld auf der Oberfläche der Hochspannungs-Elektrode punktförmige oder im wesentlichen in Strömungsrichtung des Luftstromes verlaufende linienförmige Erhebungen vorgesehen sein.The channel delimited by the precipitation electrode essentially has the shape of an elongated rectangle with rounded corners, so can with a optimal design of said corona field a maximum Flow cross-section can be achieved. Otherwise it is for enlargement of the total flow cross section of the air filter possible, within of the air filter housing several such channels lying side by side (preferably with their longer side walls adjacent), in each of which a high-voltage electrode is arranged. The electrical electrode voltage applied to this high-voltage electrode can or should be just below the breakdown limit, i.e. to be regulated just below an electrical flashover to the Separation efficiency increases even under fluctuating climatic conditions maximize. Otherwise, can be used to reinforce the corona field (Local) increase in the field line density in the corona field on the surface the high-voltage electrode is punctiform or essentially in the direction of flow linear elevations of the air flow are provided his.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles weiter erläutert, wobei die beigefügte Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt (Schnitt I-I aus Fig.2) eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftfilters und Figur 2 dessen Querschnitt (Schnitt II-II aus Fig.1) zeigt. Erfindungswesentlich können dabei sämtliche näher beschriebenen Merkmale sein.In the following the invention is further explained with the aid of a preferred embodiment, the attached FIG. 1 showing a longitudinal section (section II from FIG. 2) of an air filter according to the invention and FIG. 2 the cross section (section II-II from FIG. 1). All features described in more detail can be essential to the invention.

Mit der Bezugsziffer 1 ist das Gehäuse des Luftfilters bezeichnet, das wie ersichtlich einen im wesentlichen quadratischen Querschnitt (vgl. Fig.2) besitzt und sich senkrecht hierzu in Richtung einer zentralen sog. Längsachse 2 erstreckt. Über einen in Richtung der Längsachse 2 mündenden Ansaugtrichter 3 wird ein zu reinigender, d.h. insbesondere von Staubpartikeln oder dgl. zu befreiender Luftstrom (dieser ist durch Pfeile 4 dargestellt und wird im weiteren mit der Bezugsziffer 4 bezeichnet) in das Luftfilter-Gehäuse 1 eingeleitet. Am dem Ansaugtrichter 3 gegenüberliegenden Ende des Gehäuses 1 und sich dabei ebenfalls in Richtung der Längsachse 2 erstreckend ist ein trichterförmiges Abführrohr 5 angeordnet, durch welches der dann gereinigte Luftstrom 4 wieder aus dem Luftfilter-Gehäuse 1 herausgeführt wird.The reference number 1 denotes the housing of the air filter, which, as can be seen, has an essentially square cross section (cf. FIG . 2 ) and extends perpendicularly to it in the direction of a central, so-called longitudinal axis 2. Via an intake funnel 3 opening in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2, an air flow to be cleaned, that is to say in particular to be freed from dust particles or the like (this is represented by arrows 4 and is referred to below with reference number 4), is introduced into the air filter housing 1. A funnel-shaped discharge pipe 5 is arranged at the end of the housing 1 opposite the suction funnel 3 and also extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2, through which the then cleaned air flow 4 is guided out of the air filter housing 1 again.

Bezugnehmend auf Fig.2 sind innerhalb des Luftfilter-Gehäuses 1 nebeneinander liegend mehrere (hier vier) sich geradlinig in Richtung der Längsachse 2 erstreckende Kanäle 8 vorgesehen, die jeweils von einer Kanalwand 7 begrenzt werden. Jede Kanalwand 7 beschreibt einen im wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt bzw. der Querschnitt jedes Kanales 8 besitzt im wesentlichen die Form eines gestreckten Rechteckes mit abgerundeten Ecken, wobei die einander benachbarten Kanäle 8 jeweils mit ihren längeren Seitenkanten aneinander angrenzen. Zentral innerhalb jedes Kanales 8 ist ein sog. Zwischenblech 9 derart angeordnet, daß der kürzeste Abstand zwischen jedem Oberflächen-Punkt des Zwischenbleches 9 und der Kanalwand 7 für alle Oberflächenpunkte nahezu gleich ist.With reference to FIG. 2 , several (here four) channels 8 extending in a straight line in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2 are provided within the air filter housing 1, each of which is delimited by a channel wall 7. Each channel wall 7 describes a substantially rectangular cross section or the cross section of each channel 8 has essentially the shape of an elongated rectangle with rounded corners, the adjacent channels 8 each adjoining one another with their longer side edges. A so-called intermediate plate 9 is arranged centrally within each channel 8 such that the shortest distance between each surface point of the intermediate plate 9 and the channel wall 7 is almost the same for all surface points.

Dieses Zwischenblech 9 bildet zusammen mit der Kanalwand 7 einen elektrostatischen Abscheider für die im Luftstrom 4 enthaltenen Staubpartikel oder dgl. Hierfür ist an das Zwischenblech 9 eine hohe elektrische Spannung angelegt (bspw. in der Größenordnung von 30 kV), so daß dieses Zwischenblech 9 als Hochspannungs-Elektrode fungiert, für die im weiteren ebenfalls die Bezugsziffer 9 verwendet wird. Die Kanalwand 7 hingegen ist elektrisch auf Masse gelegt und bildet somit die entsprechende Gegen-Elektrode, für die im weiteren der Begriff

Figure 00050001
Niederschlags-Elektrode" sowie (ebenfalls) die Bezugsziffer 7 verwendet wird.This intermediate plate 9 forms together with the channel wall 7 an electrostatic separator for the dust particles contained in the air stream 4 or the like. For this purpose, a high electrical voltage is applied to the intermediate plate 9 (for example in the order of 30 kV), so that this intermediate plate 9 as High-voltage electrode functions, for which reference number 9 is also used below. The channel wall 7, however, is electrically grounded and thus forms the corresponding counter-electrode, for which the term is used below
Figure 00050001
Precipitation electrode "and (also) reference number 7 is used.

Zwischen der Hochspannungs-Elektrode 9 und der Niederschlags-Elektrode 7 bildet sich aufgrund der angelegten elektrischen Hochspannung im Kanal 8 ein Corona-Feld aus, durch welches hindurch der im Luftfilter zu reinigende Luftstrom 4 vollständig hindurchgeführt wird, und zwar von der Kanalwand 7. Between the high voltage electrode 9 and the precipitation electrode 7 is formed in channel 8 due to the applied electrical high voltage a corona field, through which the one to be cleaned in the air filter Air flow 4 is passed completely through, namely from the duct wall 7.

Im Luftstrom 4 enthaltene Staubpartikel oder dgl. werden in diesem Corona-Feld ionisiert und werden daher von der Niederschlags-Elektrode 7 elektrisch angezogen und lagern sich demzufolge an dieser, d.h. an der Kanalwand 7 ab. Dabei sind zur Erhöhung der Feldliniendichte im besagten Corona-Feld auf der Oberfläche der Hochspannungs-Elektrode 9 punktförmige Erhebungen 14 vorgesehen, jedoch kann dies sowie eine Vielzahl weiterer Details insbesondere konstruktiver Art durchaus abweichend vom gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel gestaltet sein, ohne den Inhalt der Patentansprüche zu verlassen.Dust particles or the like contained in the air stream 4 are in this corona field ionized and are therefore electrical from the precipitation electrode 7 attracted and therefore attach to this, i.e. on the canal wall 7 from. Thereby, to increase the field line density in said corona field 9 point-shaped elevations on the surface of the high-voltage electrode 14 is provided, however, this and a variety of other details in particular of a constructive nature, quite different from the exemplary embodiment shown be designed without leaving the content of the claims.

Wie bereits vor der Beschreibung dieses bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles erläutert wurde, zeichnet sich ein derartiges Luftfilter durch einen hohen Abscheidewirkungsgrad und insbesondere durch einen minimierten Strömungswiderstand für den zu reinigenden Luftstrom 4 aus. Bei Verwendung als Ansaug-Luftfilter für eine Brennkraftmaschine verbessert dieses Luftfilter somit den Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Brennkraftmaschine. Ferner ist dieses Luftfilter über die gesamte Lebensdauer der Brennkraftmaschine einsatzbereit, d.h. es müssen keine Filterelemente ausgetauscht werden, sondern es ist lediglich erforderlich, die Elektroden, insbesondere die Niederschlags-Elektrode in gewissen Zeitintervallen zu reinigen.As before the description of this preferred embodiment has been explained, such an air filter is characterized by a high separation efficiency and in particular through minimized flow resistance for the air flow 4 to be cleaned. Using as an intake air filter for an internal combustion engine, this air filter improves thus the overall efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, this is Air filter ready for use over the entire service life of the internal combustion engine, i.e. there is no need to replace filter elements, but it all that is required is the electrodes, especially the precipitation electrode to be cleaned at certain time intervals.

Bezugszeichenliste:Reference symbol list:

11
Luftfilter-GehäuseAir filter housing
22nd
LängsachseLongitudinal axis
33rd
AnsaugtrichterSuction funnel
44th
Luftstrom (Pfeile)Airflow (arrows)
55
AbführrohrDischarge pipe
77
Kanalwand-(Elektrode) = Niederschlags-ElektrodeChannel wall (electrode) = precipitation electrode
88th
Kanalchannel
99
Zwischenblech = Hochspannungs-ElektrodeIntermediate plate = high voltage electrode
1414
ErhebungSurvey

Claims (4)

Luftfilter, insbesondere Ansaug-Luftfilter für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem elektrostatischen Abscheider in Form einer Hochspannungs-Elektrode (9) und einer Niederschlags-Elektrode (7), zwischen denen der zu reinigende Luftstrom (4) hindurchgeführt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der beiden Elektroden (7, 9) eine Kanalwand (7) eines im Querschnitt geschlossenen Kanales (8) für den zu reinigenden Luftstrom (4) bildet, innerhalb dessen die andere Elektrode (9) derart angeordnet ist, daß der kürzeste Abstand zwischen dieser inneren Elektrode (9) und der sog. Kanalwand-Elektrode (7) an allen Punkten nahezu gleich ist.Air filter, in particular intake air filter for an internal combustion engine, with an electrostatic separator in the form of a high-voltage electrode (9) and a precipitation electrode (7), between which the air stream (4) to be cleaned is passed,
characterized in that one of the two electrodes (7, 9) forms a channel wall (7) of a channel (8) closed in cross section for the air stream (4) to be cleaned, within which the other electrode (9) is arranged such that the The shortest distance between this inner electrode (9) and the so-called channel wall electrode (7) is almost the same at all points. Luftfilter nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kanalwand-Elektrode (7) einen im wesentlichen langgestreckten, insbesondere einen geradlinigen Kanal (8) bildet, in dem die andere Elektrode (9) zentral angeordnet ist.Air filter according to claim 1,
characterized in that the duct wall electrode (7) forms an essentially elongated, in particular a rectilinear duct (8) in which the other electrode (9) is arranged centrally. Luftfilter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des Kanales (8) im wesentlichen die Form eines gestreckten Rechteckes mit abgerundeten Ecken besitzt und daß mehrere derartige Kanäle (8) mit ihren längeren Seitenwänden nebeneinander liegend vorgesehen sind.Air filter according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the cross-section of the channel (8) has essentially the shape of an elongated rectangle with rounded corners and that several such channels (8) are provided with their longer side walls lying side by side. Luftfilter nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Oberfläche der Hochspannungs-Elektrode (9) punktförmige oder im wesentlichen in Strömungsrichtung des Luftstromes (4) verlaufende linienförmige Erhebungen (14) vorgesehen sind.Air filter according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that punctiform or linear elevations (14) are provided on the surface of the high-voltage electrode (9) or essentially in the flow direction of the air flow (4).
EP00121830A 1999-11-05 2000-10-06 Air filter with electrostatic separator Ceased EP1097748A1 (en)

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DE19953222A DE19953222A1 (en) 1999-11-05 1999-11-05 Air filter with an electrostatic precipitator
DE19953222 1999-11-05

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113908992A (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-11 徐逸 Electrostatic electrode plate combination and electrostatic decontamination device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB380890A (en) * 1931-07-23 1932-09-29 Whessoe Foundry And Engineerin Improvements in apparatus for the electrical treatment of gases
EP0379760A1 (en) * 1989-01-26 1990-08-01 Univerzita Komenskeho Device for continuously reducing concentration of carbon monoxide and other harmful types of emission
EP0787531A1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-08-06 Galaxy Yugen Kaisha Electrostatic precipitator

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DE1080349B (en) * 1951-01-10 1960-04-21 Financ D Expansion Commerciale Electrostatic filter apparatus for the separation of solid and liquid particles from the intake air and from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
DE3019174A1 (en) * 1980-05-20 1981-11-26 Nagatoshi Tokyo Suzuki IC engine electrostatic air filter - provides oxygen ions for improved combustion and uses alternating dust collection and discharge filter plates
DE3500373A1 (en) * 1985-01-08 1986-07-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart DEVICE FOR REMOVING SOLID PARTICLES, ESPECIALLY SOOT PARTICLES FROM THE EXHAUST GAS FROM COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE4117973A1 (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-03 Bg Apparatebau Goslar Gmbh & C Electrostatic separator with paraxial tubes of polygonal section - has mutually supported ends of dumb=bell section plate formations along major edges of octagonal tubular elements

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB380890A (en) * 1931-07-23 1932-09-29 Whessoe Foundry And Engineerin Improvements in apparatus for the electrical treatment of gases
EP0379760A1 (en) * 1989-01-26 1990-08-01 Univerzita Komenskeho Device for continuously reducing concentration of carbon monoxide and other harmful types of emission
EP0787531A1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-08-06 Galaxy Yugen Kaisha Electrostatic precipitator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113908992A (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-11 徐逸 Electrostatic electrode plate combination and electrostatic decontamination device

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