EP1093109A1 - Méthode pour la reconnaissance et la sélection d'une suite de notes, en particulier d'un morceau de musique - Google Patents

Méthode pour la reconnaissance et la sélection d'une suite de notes, en particulier d'un morceau de musique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1093109A1
EP1093109A1 EP00120872A EP00120872A EP1093109A1 EP 1093109 A1 EP1093109 A1 EP 1093109A1 EP 00120872 A EP00120872 A EP 00120872A EP 00120872 A EP00120872 A EP 00120872A EP 1093109 A1 EP1093109 A1 EP 1093109A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tone
sequence
note
sequences
notes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00120872A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Theimer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia Oyj
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Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd filed Critical Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd
Publication of EP1093109A1 publication Critical patent/EP1093109A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0033—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0041—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments in coded form

Definitions

  • the invention relates to both a method for recognizing and Select a tone sequence, in particular a piece of music.
  • the user In order to get a certain music title, the user needs the name or enter the name of the piece of music and send it to the corresponding Service providers transferred.
  • the service provider's music database is then searched for the requested piece of music around this, if it is available in the database, to the requesting user transferred to.
  • the object of the invention is a method for recognizing and selecting a tone sequence, in particular one To provide piece of music that allow a user to Find a sequence of tones or a piece of music and select its name he doesn't know.
  • the first step is to recognize a tone sequence Tones of the tone sequence to be recognized converted into a note sequence, then becomes the search for the sequence of notes to be recognized one after the other with corresponding sequences of notes from a variety of tone sequences are compared and then names of the tone sequence or sequences output, whose note sequence or sequences with the note sequence of the to be recognized Tone sequence matches or match in a predetermined manner.
  • the method according to the invention for selecting a tone sequence uses this recognition process and is characterized in that at least one a section of the tone sequence to be selected at least partially appropriate tone sequence is entered, the tones of the entered Tone sequence can be converted into a sequence of notes to search for the one to be selected Tone sequence whose sequence of notes one after the other with corresponding note sequences a variety of tones are compared to labels determine one or more tone sequences, their note sequence or sequences with the note sequence of the tone sequence to be selected in a predetermined manner matches, and the determined designations are output as a list so that a user can use the list of designations to find the desired one Can select tone sequence.
  • Tone sequence as presented acoustically to and by the user can be reproduced more or less precisely, first in a sequence of notes, So it is converted into a representation, such as, for example is also used to write down pieces of music, and this Representation of the desired tone sequence with corresponding note sequences, the individual pieces of music in a database of a service provider are assigned to compare, so that the degree of agreement between the entered tone sequence and the pieces of music can be determined, then the names of the tone sequence or sequences output, with the desired or selected tone sequence match in a predetermined manner.
  • the invention thus enables a user to also tone sequences, in particular Pieces of music, video clips and possibly films about them Request a soundtrack if he only knows the melody.
  • the method according to the invention thus enables an intuitive search in Databases of pieces of music or the like, and thus facilitates their use.
  • the User terminal entered the tone sequence to be selected Tone sequence is transmitted to a database station in which the list of names of one or more of the ones to be selected Tone sequence similar tone sequences is determined, and the label list is transmitted to the user terminal for output.
  • the transmission path is advantageous if the in a user terminal Entered tone sequence corresponding to the tone sequence to be selected in User terminal is converted into a sequence of notes, the sequence of notes into one Database station is transmitted in the list of names one or more tone sequences similar to the tone sequence to be selected is determined and the label list for output to the user terminal is transmitted.
  • a piece of music the title of which he Not knowing at all, being able to choose is particularly advantageous Embodiment of the invention provided that together with everyone Designation a short characteristic of the respective tone sequence Excerpt of the tone sequence for output to the user terminal becomes.
  • the user is therefore not only the name of the respective Tone sequence is the title or titles of the recognized piece of music or questionable of upcoming music pieces, but it will also enable him a short characteristic excerpt from the piece of music, for Example listening to the basic topic or the chorus so that it is due make his selection based on the characteristic tone sequence reproduced can.
  • the tone sequence sung by the user for input into the user terminal becomes.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that for converting a tone sequence into a note sequence, the pitch frequency f p 'and the tone duration d is determined for each tone of the tone sequence, and for each tone a musical note corresponding to its pitch frequency f p and a musically quantized note duration d is assigned to the tone sequence according to a tone duration distribution.
  • the duration of the notes first the median of the duration of the sound is determined, and the duration of the sound of the median is equated with the duration of a 1/4 grade, as well as each note by comparing its note duration with the determined note duration a 1/4 note a corresponding musical quantized Grade duration is assigned.
  • the temporal course of the pitch frequency thus becomes the respective musical tone or note, for example C, D, E, F, G, A, H and the note duration d determined.
  • the duration d is not absolutely measurable, the median and the note duration are determined from the tone duration distribution equated to a 1/4 note. Based on this, tone duration intervals can then be set specify to whom the other common note durations, So in particular 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/2 and 1 can be assigned can.
  • each tone sequence is represented by a pitch vector h , which is composed of the individual notes or musical tones, and a tone duration vector d , which is composed of the musical quantized note durations d of the individual tones.
  • + ⁇ l 0 N -1
  • the names of the tone sequences to be output accordingly a degree of agreement between the associated stored Tone sequences and the entered tone sequence are sorted and that the output begins with the name, the tone sequence of which is entered Tone sequence is most similar, with only names of such tone sequences are output whose degree of conformity is greater than a predefined one Is worth.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized by this from that the note sequences of the multitude of tone sequences together with corresponding names of the tone sequences in a database file are saved, along with those stored in the database file Sequences of notes short characteristic sections of each Tone sequences are saved.
  • a special database file in which the note sequences of those available in a database Pieces of music together with corresponding names, i.e. with the Titles of the pieces of music are stored so that when comparing the sequence of notes the sequence of notes of the pieces of music does not match the tone sequence entered must be generated each time so that the search for the desired Piece of music can be significantly simplified and accelerated can.
  • this particular Database file also a short characteristic of each note sequence Extract of the respective piece of music can be assigned, for example in MIDI format, so that on the database file, in the pieces of music as such are stored, need only be accessed when the user decided on a specific piece of music.
  • Figure 1 shows, for example, a communication system in which a user with the help of a user terminal, for example as a mobile phone 10 is formed, via a transmission link 11 with a database station 12 of a service provider that has a tune database 13 includes, can communicate to pieces of music, video clips and where appropriate To get films or the like delivered.
  • a user terminal for example as a mobile phone 10
  • a database station 12 of a service provider that has a tune database 13 includes
  • the mobile phone 10 has in the usual way a microphone 14 for voice and Sound input, the output of which is via an analog / digital converter 15 is applied to a central processing circuit 16.
  • the central processing circuit 16 which is designed, for example, as a microprocessor admits to the service provider database station 12 transmitted data to a transmitting and receiving unit 17, to the one Transmitting and receiving antenna 18 is connected to information to send over the transmission link 11 and to receive from this.
  • the database station 12 of the service provider has a transmission and Receiving unit 19 with a transmitting and receiving antenna 20 to Receive or send data from or via the transmission link 11 to be able to.
  • the transmitting and receiving unit 19 is with a central processing circuit 21 connected to the music track database 13 can access a requested piece of music to the cell phone 10 transferred to.
  • a database file 22 is provided for the recognition of pieces of music, in the along with the names or titles of each Music pieces in the music piece database 13 corresponding to the music pieces Notes are saved. Along with the labels and note sequences of the pieces of music can still be characteristic Excerpts from the music pieces can be saved.
  • the mobile phone points to the acoustic and optical output of information 10 a loudspeaker 23 and a display device 24 which via corresponding driver circuits 25 and 26 with the central processing circuit 16 are connected.
  • the user To request a particular piece of music from a service provider, the user first gives a section of the item to be selected or desired piece of music in which he simply the melody known to him sings into the microphone 14.
  • the human recorded by the microphone Voice is digitized via the analog / digital converter 15 and on the central processing circuit 16, which thus digitized Frequency response of the human voice receives.
  • the digitized frequency response of the human voice becomes using a pitch detector in the central processing circuit 16 the time course of the pitch frequency in the microphone 14 sung tone sequence determined. It serves as a pitch detector, for example the so-called SIFT (Simplified inverse filter tracking) algorithm, which is particularly well suited for relatively high female voices, or the so-called cepstrum pitch estimation (cepstrum pitch estimation) which is suitable for relatively deep male voices.
  • SIFT Simple inverse filter tracking
  • cepstrum pitch estimation cepstrum pitch estimation
  • the determined course of the pitch frequency f p is then smoothed using a suitable filter.
  • a suitable filter is used in which a filter window glides over the pitch frequency curve to be smoothed, in order to replace the value in the center of the window with the median of all values in the window.
  • Such median filtering is also known and is explained in the textbook mentioned above.
  • FIG. 3 shows, for example, five different tones with different tone durations, each of which can be assigned a specific musical tone or a note as well as a specific tone duration.
  • the entered, sung tone sequence into a certain number N of single tones disassemble.
  • Each of these single tones corresponds to a musical tone assigned to the musical scale.
  • everyone owns the Single tones a certain tone duration, from which a corresponding note duration can be determined.
  • Each tone is thus characterized by two sizes, namely by the pitch or pitch frequency, which is denoted by the corresponding musical tone or the corresponding note, and by the tone duration, which is quantized according to the musical note duration in a manner to be described.
  • the values h 1 can simply be whole numbers which represent the respective musical tones or notes according to the following table. grade A ' Ais' H' C ' Cis' D ' Dis' E ' F ' Fis' G' Gis' A '' Ais '' H'' number 0 1 2 3rd 4th 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 12th 13 14
  • each note duration 1/32, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1 a corresponding number can be assigned, being more appropriate
  • the duration 1 is set for the shortest note. Receives a 1/4 note then the duration 8, a 1/2 note the duration 16 and the whole grade the duration 32.
  • the median of the sound duration distribution is determined and equal with a 1/4 note. Time intervals are then based on the median fixed, which correspond to the individual note durations.
  • the conversion of the tone sequence into the vectors describing the note sequence can in the central processing circuit 21 of the database station 12 of the service provider.
  • the corresponding This implementation will block transmission channels as little as possible already in the mobile phone 10 from the central processing circuit 16 made so that only the pitch vector and the note duration vector to be transmitted to the database station 12 of the service provider need.
  • the index i denotes the respective piece of music and M the number of tones or notes.
  • a function f i (x) is calculated, the course of which shows how the note sequence of the entered tone sequence corresponds to the individual sections.
  • + ⁇ l 0 N -1
  • ⁇ and ⁇ weighting factors that describe the influence of the melody or the rhythm on the matching factor.
  • m hi (x) and m di (x) each denote the median of the pitches or tone durations in the interval from h i (x) to H i (x + N - 1) or d i (x) to d i (x + N - 1)
  • h (l) and d (l) denote the pitch or duration of the lth tone in the vector h and d, respectively.
  • m h and m d denote the median of the pitches or tone durations in the vector h and in the vector d, respectively.
  • the function f i (x) After the function f i (x) has been calculated for all values x, i.e. if the note sequence of the input tone sequence has been compared with all possible sections of the note sequence of a piece of music in the manner described by the above equation, the smallest value of the function f i ( x) found.
  • the associated value x 1 thus describes the section of the note sequence which (possibly) corresponds to the section of the piece of music sung by the user.
  • the names or titles of the pieces of music are sorted according to the determined match factors F i, l , starting with the smallest match factor which indicates the highest match.
  • the music pieces in the determined order to present are from the database station 12 to Mobile phone 10 transmitted where the title is displayed on the tagging device 24 become characteristic cutouts of the pieces of music can be output via the loudspeaker 23.
  • the limitation can be achieved by that only, depending on the display and storage capacity of the mobile phone limited fixed number of titles of the music pieces is transmitted. It is however, it is also possible to limit the deviation factor make so that only tracks from pieces of music to the mobile phone transferred and displayed to the user, their deviation factor does not exceed a predetermined threshold.
  • Such one Threshold can be defined generally or according to the deviation factor distribution be determined.
  • the present invention thus enables the recognition of pieces of music in the database station of a service provider, where a user only sings a part of a desired piece of music if the Title of this song or piece of music is not known. After detection of the piece of music, or a number of possible pieces of music the title (s) will be, if necessary, together with characteristic ones Transfer sections of the music pieces to the user, so that he can select the desired piece of music from it. After The entire piece of music is then selected via electronic communication channels (Internet, cellular mobile phone network as described in Embodiment, or the like) and the user the piece of music can be stored permanently on a suitable storage medium Save and play (CD, memory module, magnetic tape, etc.).
  • a suitable storage medium Save and play CD, memory module, magnetic tape, etc.
  • Pieces of music in the database station of the service provider is in the database station 12 separate database file 22 is provided in which the titles or designations of the individual pieces of music with the assigned note sequences are so that finding the desired pieces of music is essential facilitated and the detection is accelerated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP00120872A 1999-10-11 2000-09-25 Méthode pour la reconnaissance et la sélection d'une suite de notes, en particulier d'un morceau de musique Withdrawn EP1093109A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19948974 1999-10-11
DE19948974A DE19948974A1 (de) 1999-10-11 1999-10-11 Verfahren zum Erkennen und Auswählen einer Tonfolge, insbesondere eines Musikstücks

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EP1093109A1 true EP1093109A1 (fr) 2001-04-18

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US (1) US6437227B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1093109A1 (fr)
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