EP1085549A2 - Bistable contactor - Google Patents

Bistable contactor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1085549A2
EP1085549A2 EP00120024A EP00120024A EP1085549A2 EP 1085549 A2 EP1085549 A2 EP 1085549A2 EP 00120024 A EP00120024 A EP 00120024A EP 00120024 A EP00120024 A EP 00120024A EP 1085549 A2 EP1085549 A2 EP 1085549A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
coil
permanent magnet
coils
stable
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00120024A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1085549B1 (en
EP1085549A3 (en
Inventor
Robert Kralik
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Schaltbau GmbH
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Schaltbau GmbH
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Publication of EP1085549A2 publication Critical patent/EP1085549A2/en
Publication of EP1085549A3 publication Critical patent/EP1085549A3/en
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Publication of EP1085549B1 publication Critical patent/EP1085549B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bistable contactor with at least one Coil and an armature with contacts movable relative to the coil, which together with the contacts for opening or closing a circuit by means of the coil can be transferred from a first stable position into a second stable position is, and a permanent magnet, over which the anchor in one of its stable Supported positions against the coil.
  • Such a contactor is known for example from DE 197 44 396. With this The contacts are spring-mounted on the armature for protection. To open and close one Circuit is the armature by exciting the coil from a first stable Position in which the contacts of corresponding mating contacts of the relay are spaced, transferred to a second stable position in which the contacts the mating contacts to close the circuit.
  • the permanent magnet is attached to the armature and is therefore movable in relation to the coil. To transfer the armature between its two stable positions, the coil is each briefly stimulated. In the non-excited state, the permanent magnet in a magnetic circuit is closed in each of the two stable positions, so that the anchor is held in one of the two stable positions.
  • the Permanent magnets increase the inertia of the armature. Especially at Shaking loads can lead to contact problems. Also are the This limits the switching speed.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide bistable contactors of the type mentioned to develop in such a way that higher switching speeds can be achieved and at the same time ensures a safe contact when the circuit is closed is.
  • the object is achieved in that the permanent magnet opposite the coil stationary and a spring element is provided which the armature in the other bistable position from the permanent magnet objectionable bias.
  • the permanent magnet is no longer on Anchor is attached. Instead, the permanent magnet can e.g. B. on a housing be mounted in a fixed position with respect to the coil. This allows the anchor to be reduced in weight shape. Such a lighter anchor can be used in particular for Shaking loads increase contact reliability. This also makes it easy Structure of the contactor. There will be less demands on the leadership characteristics of the anchor.
  • one of the two can be bistable Positions of the armature on the permanent magnet, preferably the pole shoe issue. This enables a particularly stable position of the armature to be achieved, unlike conventional bistable shooters, there is no air gap between the anchors and permanent magnet in the respective stable position.
  • two coils can be provided be, by exciting one coil each, the armature in one of its two stable Positions can be transferred. This eliminates the need to move the spool of the armature between the two stable positions. Instead of each of which can have a coil for transferring it to one of the two positions be used. The circuit complexity can be reduced in this way.
  • the permanent magnet is within one Coil or the coils is arranged. This also makes the contactor more compact shape.
  • the inside of the coil or one of the coils arranged permanent magnets generate a strong magnetic flux.
  • the spring element acts as a compression spring is trained.
  • the anchor can be reliably and simply pretension in one of its two stable positions.
  • the single figure shows the bistable contactor according to the invention in a sectional view.
  • the contactor 1 has a substantially cylindrical housing 2 that there is an upper housing part 3 and a lower housing part 4.
  • the upper housing part 3 and the lower housing part 4 are placed on top of one another in a flange-like manner connected by screws 5.
  • At the lower end of the lower part of the housing 4 there is a coil holder 6 on which two coils 7 which are concentric with one another and 8 are attached.
  • the two coils 7 and 8 are essentially cylindrical formed, its axis of symmetry in the axis of symmetry of the housing 2 lies. Extends between the coil holder 6 and the coils 7 and 8 Guide element 9 made of plastic.
  • the guide element 9 has a cylindrical, essentially tubular Guide section 10 and a flange portion extending radially thereto 11.
  • the guide section 10 extends through the inner of the two Coils in the axial direction.
  • the flange section is between Coil holder 6 and the coils 7 and 8, wherein it extends essentially radially.
  • the coil holder 6 is provided with threads 12 into which the screws 5 are screwed become.
  • the screws 5 extend through through openings 13 and 14 each in the upper housing part 3 and lower housing part 4, so that the Screw 5 the upper housing part 3 and the lower housing part 4 with each other and with connect the bobbin holder 6.
  • a flange 15 on the side facing away from the housing 2 provided, which is connected to the coil holder 6 via holding elements 16.
  • a permanent magnet with pole piece 17 which has a Screw 18 and a thread, not shown, is connected to the flange 15.
  • the permanent magnet 17 is arranged essentially centrally in the axial direction of the coils.
  • two through openings 19 and 20 are provided, in which one Contact element 21 with contacts 22 is axially displaceably received.
  • an anchor 23 arranged, via a pin 24 attached to the armature 24 and a Support element 25 is connected to a holder 26 of the contact element 21.
  • the Bracket 26 encompasses the support element 25, the diameter of which is greater than the diameter of the pin is, thereby, the armature 23 and the contact element 21 to connect with each other in the axial direction.
  • the armature 23 is made in a known manner from magnetizable material, such as. B. metal manufactured.
  • the contact element 21 can also be made of metal.
  • the Through opening 20 is arranged in the lower housing part 4 on an intermediate floor, which is provided with a receptacle 27.
  • the receptacle 27 is concentric with the Axis of symmetry of the armature and serves to receive a compression spring 28, which between the receptacle 27 and a pressure surface 29 of the contact element 21. As a result, the contact element is raised in the illustration in the figure Prestressed position.
  • the mating contact element 30 has mating contacts 31, which can be brought into contact with the contacts 22.
  • a compression spring 32 the counter-contact element 30 is biased downwards in the illustration in the figure, So towards the contact element.
  • the mating contact element is for this slightly movable in the axial direction of the armature.
  • the contactor can over the flange 15 to z. B. an electrical machine become.
  • This assembly is carried out in a known manner and therefore need not be explained further become.
  • the arrangement of armature 23, contact element 21 and contact 22 can be shown in the figure in the vertical direction between two stable Positions are moved back and forth. In the first, lowered, stable position the armature 23 comes into contact with the pole shoe of the permanent magnet 17. The Armature 23 is held against the pressure force of the compression spring 28. In the second, raised stable position shown in the figure the armature 23 is spaced from the permanent magnet 17. The contact element 21 with the armature 23 is biased by the compression spring 28 in the raised position. This stable position is shown in the figure.
  • the contacts 22 and mating contacts 31 disengaged, so that a not shown Circuit can be opened.
  • the contacts are in the first, lowered position 22 and mating contacts 31 engaged so that the circuit is closed.
  • the contactor could also be designed so that in the lowered Position of the circuit interrupted and closed in the raised position is.
  • the transfer of the armature 23 from the first to the second position and vice versa takes place through the two coils 7 and 8.
  • the coil 7 and for transferring the armature from the second in the first position the coil 8 briefly excited. If the two coils 7 and 8 are de-energized, the armature 23 remains in the first or second stable position, depending on which of the two coils 7 and 8 were previously operated.
  • the armature 23 In the first lowered position, the armature 23 lies on the pole piece of the permanent magnet on. This causes a strong attraction to the armature 23 exercised so that the armature 23 is held securely in the first stable position.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

The breaker comprises a circuit breaker coil (7,8) with an associated movable armature (23) with contacts (22) for shifting from a first position to a second position. The armature is supported in one of its stable positions by a permanent magnet (17). The permanent magnet is fixed with respect to the coil, while a spring element (28) pre-stresses the armature away from the permanent magnet, in the outer stable position. In the stable position, formed by the permanent magnet, the circuit is made.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein bistabiles Schütz mit wenigstens einer Spule und einem gegenüber der Spule beweglichen Anker mit Kontakten, der zusammen mit den Kontakten zum Öffnen oder Schließen eines Stromkreises mittels der Spule von einer ersten stabilen Stellung in eine zweite stabile Stellung überführbar ist, und einem Dauermagneten, über den sich der Anker in einer seiner stabilen Stellungen gegenüber der Spule abstützt.The present invention relates to a bistable contactor with at least one Coil and an armature with contacts movable relative to the coil, which together with the contacts for opening or closing a circuit by means of the coil can be transferred from a first stable position into a second stable position is, and a permanent magnet, over which the anchor in one of its stable Supported positions against the coil.

Ein derartiges Schütz ist zum Beispiel aus der DE 197 44 396 bekannt. Bei diesem Schütz sind die Kontakte federnd am Anker gelagert. Zum Öffnen und Schließen eines Stromkreises wird der Anker durch Anregen der Spule von einer ersten stabilen Stellung, in der die Kontakte von entsprechenden Gegenkontakten des Relais beabstandet sind, in eine zweite stabile Stellung überführt, in der die Kontakte an den Gegenkontakten anliegen, um den Stromkreis zu schließen. Der Dauermagnet ist am Anker befestigt und ist daher gegenüber der Spule beweglich. Zum Überführen des Ankers zwischen seinen beiden stabilen Stellungen wird die Spule jeweils kurzzeitig angeregt. Im nicht angeregten Zustand wird durch den Dauermagnet in den beiden stabilen Stellungen jeweils ein magnetischer Kreis geschlossen, so dass der Anker jeweils in einer der beiden stabilen Stellungen gehalten wird. Durch den Dauermagneten erhöht sich jedoch die Trägheit des Ankers. Insbesondere bei Schüttelbelastungen kann es dann zu Kontaktproblemen kommen. Auch sind der Schaltgeschwindigkeit dadurch Grenzen gesetzt.Such a contactor is known for example from DE 197 44 396. With this The contacts are spring-mounted on the armature for protection. To open and close one Circuit is the armature by exciting the coil from a first stable Position in which the contacts of corresponding mating contacts of the relay are spaced, transferred to a second stable position in which the contacts the mating contacts to close the circuit. The permanent magnet is attached to the armature and is therefore movable in relation to the coil. To transfer the armature between its two stable positions, the coil is each briefly stimulated. In the non-excited state, the permanent magnet in a magnetic circuit is closed in each of the two stable positions, so that the anchor is held in one of the two stable positions. By the Permanent magnets, however, increase the inertia of the armature. Especially at Shaking loads can lead to contact problems. Also are the This limits the switching speed.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, bistabile Schütze der eingangs genannten Art derart weiter zu entwickeln, dass sich höhere Schaltgeschwindigkeiten erzielen lassen und gleichzeitig bei geschlossenem Stromkreis ein sicherer Kontakt gewährleistet ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide bistable contactors of the type mentioned to develop in such a way that higher switching speeds can be achieved and at the same time ensures a safe contact when the circuit is closed is.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der Dauermagnet gegenüber der Spule ortsfest und ein Federelement vorgesehen ist, das den Anker in die andere bistabile Stellung vom Dauermagneten beanstandend vorspannt. The object is achieved in that the permanent magnet opposite the coil stationary and a spring element is provided which the armature in the other bistable position from the permanent magnet objectionable bias.

Diese Lösung ist einfach und hat den Vorteil, dass der Dauermagnet nicht mehr am Anker angebracht ist. Statt dessen kann der Dauermagnet z. B. an einem Gehäuse gegenüber der Spule ortsfest montiert sein. Dadurch lässt sich der Anker gewichtsreduziert gestalten. Durch einen solchen leichteren Anker lässt sich insbesondere bei Schüttelbelastungen die Kontaktsicherheit steigern. Auch ermöglicht dies einen einfachen Aufbau des Schützes. Es werden geringere Anforderungen an die Führungseigenschaften des Ankers gestellt.This solution is simple and has the advantage that the permanent magnet is no longer on Anchor is attached. Instead, the permanent magnet can e.g. B. on a housing be mounted in a fixed position with respect to the coil. This allows the anchor to be reduced in weight shape. Such a lighter anchor can be used in particular for Shaking loads increase contact reliability. This also makes it easy Structure of the contactor. There will be less demands on the leadership characteristics of the anchor.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann in der einen der beiden bistabilen Stellungen der Anker am Dauermagneten, vorzugsweise dessen Pohlschuh anliegen. Dadurch lässt sich eine besonders stabile Stellung des Ankers realisieren, da im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen bistabilen Schützen kein Luftspalt zwischen Anker und Dauermagnet in der jeweiligen stabilen Stellung besteht.In an advantageous development of the invention, one of the two can be bistable Positions of the armature on the permanent magnet, preferably the pole shoe issue. This enables a particularly stable position of the armature to be achieved, unlike conventional bistable shooters, there is no air gap between the anchors and permanent magnet in the respective stable position.

Auch kann es sich als vorteilhaft erweisen, wenn in der durch den Dauermagneten erzeugten stabilen Stellung der Stromkreis geschlossen ist. Mit dem Dauermagneten lässt sich dadurch ein versehentliches Öffnen des Stromkreises vermeiden.It can also prove to be advantageous if in the through the permanent magnet generated stable position the circuit is closed. With the permanent magnet this prevents accidental opening of the circuit.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung können zwei Spulen vorgesehen sein, wobei durch Anregen jeweils einer Spule der Anker in eine seiner beiden stabilen Stellungen überführbar ist. Dadurch ist es nicht erforderlich, die Spule zum Bewegen des Ankers zwischen den beiden stabilen Stellungen jeweils umzupolen. Statt dessen kann jeweils eine Spule für das Überführen in einer der beiden Stellungen verwendet werden. Dadurch lässt sich der Schaltungsaufwand reduzieren.In an advantageous development of the invention, two coils can be provided be, by exciting one coil each, the armature in one of its two stable Positions can be transferred. This eliminates the need to move the spool of the armature between the two stable positions. Instead of each of which can have a coil for transferring it to one of the two positions be used. The circuit complexity can be reduced in this way.

Von Vorteil kann es dabei sein, wenn die Spulen als konzentrisch zueinander angeordnete Zylinderspulen ausgebildet sind. Dadurch lassen sich die beiden Spulen kompakt anordnen.It can be advantageous if the coils are arranged concentrically to one another Solenoid coils are formed. This allows the two coils arrange compact.

Auch kann es sich als günstig erweisen, wenn der Dauermagnet innerhalb der einen Spule oder den Spulen angeordnet ist. Auch dadurch lässt sich das Schütz kompakter gestalten. Zudem lässt sich durch den innerhalb der Spule oder einer der Spulen angeordneten Dauermagneten ein starker magnetischer Fluß erzeugen. It can also prove to be favorable if the permanent magnet is within one Coil or the coils is arranged. This also makes the contactor more compact shape. In addition, the inside of the coil or one of the coils arranged permanent magnets generate a strong magnetic flux.

Auch kann es sich als vorteilhaft erweisen, wenn das Federelement als Druckfeder ausgebildet ist. Durch eine solche Druckfeder lässt sich der Anker zuverlässig und auf einfache Weise in einer seiner beiden stabilen Stellungen vorspannen.It can also prove to be advantageous if the spring element acts as a compression spring is trained. With such a compression spring, the anchor can be reliably and simply pretension in one of its two stable positions.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.

Die einzige Figur zeigt das erfindungsgemäße bistabile Schütz in einer Schnittdarstellung.The single figure shows the bistable contactor according to the invention in a sectional view.

Das Schütz 1 verfügt über ein im wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse 2, dass aus einem Gehäuseoberteil 3 und einem Gehäuseunterteil 4 besteht. Das Gehäuseoberteil 3 und das Gehäuseunterteil 4 werden flanschartig aufeinandergesetzt und durch Schrauben 5 miteinander verbunden. Am unteren Ende des Gehäuseunterteils 4 befindet sich ein Spulenhalter 6, an dem zwei zueinander konzentrische Spulen 7 und 8 angebracht sind. Die beiden Spulen 7 und 8 sind im wesentlichen zylinderringförmig ausgebildet, wobei ihre Symmetrieachse in der Symmetrieachse des Gehäuses 2 liegt. Zwischen Spulenhalter 6 und den Spulen 7 und 8 erstreckt sich ein Führungselement 9 aus Kunststoff.The contactor 1 has a substantially cylindrical housing 2 that there is an upper housing part 3 and a lower housing part 4. The upper housing part 3 and the lower housing part 4 are placed on top of one another in a flange-like manner connected by screws 5. At the lower end of the lower part of the housing 4 there is a coil holder 6 on which two coils 7 which are concentric with one another and 8 are attached. The two coils 7 and 8 are essentially cylindrical formed, its axis of symmetry in the axis of symmetry of the housing 2 lies. Extends between the coil holder 6 and the coils 7 and 8 Guide element 9 made of plastic.

Das Führungselement 9 verfügt über einen zylindrischen, im wesentlichen rohrförmigen Führungsabschnitt 10 und einen sich dazu radial erstreckenden Flanschabschnitt 11. Der Führungsabschnitt 10 erstreckt sich dabei durch die innere der beiden Spulen in axialer Richtung hindurch. Der Flanschabschnitt befindet sich zwischen Spulenhalter 6 und den Spulen 7 und 8, wobei er sich im wesentlichen radial erstreckt.The guide element 9 has a cylindrical, essentially tubular Guide section 10 and a flange portion extending radially thereto 11. The guide section 10 extends through the inner of the two Coils in the axial direction. The flange section is between Coil holder 6 and the coils 7 and 8, wherein it extends essentially radially.

Der Spulenhalter 6 ist mit Gewinden 12 versehen, in die die Schrauben 5 eingeschraubt werden. Die Schrauben 5 erstrecken sich dabei durch Durchgangsöffnungen 13 und 14 jeweils indem Gehäuseoberteil 3 und Gehäuseunterteil 4, so dass die Schrauben 5 das Gehäuseoberteil 3 und das Gehäuseunterteil 4 miteinander und mit den Spulenhalter 6 verbinden. The coil holder 6 is provided with threads 12 into which the screws 5 are screwed become. The screws 5 extend through through openings 13 and 14 each in the upper housing part 3 and lower housing part 4, so that the Screw 5 the upper housing part 3 and the lower housing part 4 with each other and with connect the bobbin holder 6.

Am Spulenhalter 6 ist auf der dem Gehäuse 2 abgewandten Seite ein Flansch 15 vorgesehen, der über Halteelemente 16 mit dem Spulenhalter 6 verbunden ist. Innerhalb der inneren Spule 7 und innerhalb des Führungsabschnittes 10 des Führungselementes 9 befindet sich ein im Dauermagnet mit Polschuh 17, der über eine Schraube 18 und ein nicht dargestelltes Gewinde mit dem Flansch 15 verbunden ist. Der Dauermagnet 17 ist dabei in Axialrichtung der Spulen im wesentlichen mittig angeordnet.On the coil holder 6 there is a flange 15 on the side facing away from the housing 2 provided, which is connected to the coil holder 6 via holding elements 16. Within the inner coil 7 and within the guide section 10 of the guide element 9 is a permanent magnet with pole piece 17, which has a Screw 18 and a thread, not shown, is connected to the flange 15. The permanent magnet 17 is arranged essentially centrally in the axial direction of the coils.

Im Gehäuse 2 sind zwei Durchgangsöffnungen 19 und 20 vorgesehen, in denen ein Kontaktelement 21 mit Kontakten 22 axial verschieblich aufgenommen ist. Im Führungsabschnitt 10 des Führungselementes 9 ist ebenfalls axial verschieblich ein Anker 23 angeordnet, der über einen am Anker 23 angebrachten Zapfen 24 und einem Stützelement 25 mit einer Halterung 26 des Kontaktelementes 21 verbunden ist. Die Halterung 26 umgreift dabei das Stützelement 25, dessen Durchmesser größer als der Durchmesser des Zapfens ist, um dadurch den Anker 23 und das Kontaktelement 21 in Axialrichtung miteinander zu verbinden.In the housing 2, two through openings 19 and 20 are provided, in which one Contact element 21 with contacts 22 is axially displaceably received. In the leadership section 10 of the guide element 9 is also axially displaceable an anchor 23 arranged, via a pin 24 attached to the armature 24 and a Support element 25 is connected to a holder 26 of the contact element 21. The Bracket 26 encompasses the support element 25, the diameter of which is greater than the diameter of the pin is, thereby, the armature 23 and the contact element 21 to connect with each other in the axial direction.

Der Anker 23 ist in bekannter Weise aus magnetisierbarem Material, wie z. B. Metall hergestellt. Das Kontaktelement 21 kann ebenfalls aus Metall hergestellt sein. Die Durchgangsöffnung 20 ist im Gehäuseunterteil 4 an einem Zwischenboden angeordnet, der mit einer Aufnahme 27 versehen ist. Die Aufnahme 27 ist konzentrisch zur Symmetrieachse des Ankers und dient zur Aufnahme einer Druckfeder 28, die sich zwischen der Aufnahme 27 und einer Druckfläche 29 des Kontaktelements 21 abstützt. Dadurch wird das Kontaktelement in der Darstellung in der Figur in die angehobene Stellung vorgespannt.The armature 23 is made in a known manner from magnetizable material, such as. B. metal manufactured. The contact element 21 can also be made of metal. The Through opening 20 is arranged in the lower housing part 4 on an intermediate floor, which is provided with a receptacle 27. The receptacle 27 is concentric with the Axis of symmetry of the armature and serves to receive a compression spring 28, which between the receptacle 27 and a pressure surface 29 of the contact element 21. As a result, the contact element is raised in the illustration in the figure Prestressed position.

Weiterhin ist innerhalb des Gehäuses 2, am Gehäuseoberteil 3 ein Gegenkontaktelement 30 vorgesehen. Das Gegenkontaktelement 30 verfügt über Gegenkontakte 31, die mit den Kontakten 22 in Anlage bringbar sind. Durch eine Druckfeder 32 ist das Gegenkontaktelement 30 in der Darstellung in der Figur nach unten hin vorgespannt, also in Richtung zum Kontaktelement hin. Das Gegenkontaktelement ist dazu geringfügig in Axialrichtung des Ankers beweglich.Furthermore, there is a mating contact element inside the housing 2, on the upper housing part 3 30 provided. The mating contact element 30 has mating contacts 31, which can be brought into contact with the contacts 22. By a compression spring 32 the counter-contact element 30 is biased downwards in the illustration in the figure, So towards the contact element. The mating contact element is for this slightly movable in the axial direction of the armature.

Nachfolgende wird die Wirkungs- und Funktionsweise der Erfindung näher erläutert: The mode of operation of the invention is explained in more detail below:

Das Schütz kann über den Flansch 15, an z. B. einer elektrischen Maschine montiert werden. Diese Montage erfolgt in bekannter Weise und muß daher nicht weiter erläutert werden. Die Anordnung aus Anker 23, Kontaktelement 21 und Kontakt 22 kann in der Darstellung in der Figur in vertikaler Richtung zwischen zwei stabilen Stellungen hin und her bewegt werden. In der ersten, abgesenkten stabilen Stellung gelangt der Anker 23 gegen den Polschuh des Dauermagneten 17 in Anlage. Der Anker 23 wird dabei entgegen der Druckkraft der Druckfeder 28 gehalten. In der zweiten, in der Darstellung in der Figur dargestellten angehobenen stabilen Stellung ist der Anker 23 vom Dauermagneten 17 beabstandet. Das Kontaktelement 21 mit dem Anker 23 wird dabei durch die Druckfeder 28 in die angehobene Stellung vorgespannt. Diese stabile Stellung ist in der Figur dargestellt. In dieser Stellung gelangen die Kontakte 22 und Gegenkontakte 31 außer Eingriff, so dass ein nicht dargestellter Stromkreis geöffnet werden kann. In der ersten, abgesenkten Stellung sind die Kontakte 22 und Gegenkontakte 31 in Eingriff, so dass der Stromkreis geschlossen ist. Alternativ könnte das Schütz auch so gestaltet werden, dass in der abgesenkten Stellung der Stromkreis unterbrochen und in der angehobenen Stellung geschlossen ist.The contactor can over the flange 15 to z. B. an electrical machine become. This assembly is carried out in a known manner and therefore need not be explained further become. The arrangement of armature 23, contact element 21 and contact 22 can be shown in the figure in the vertical direction between two stable Positions are moved back and forth. In the first, lowered, stable position the armature 23 comes into contact with the pole shoe of the permanent magnet 17. The Armature 23 is held against the pressure force of the compression spring 28. In the second, raised stable position shown in the figure the armature 23 is spaced from the permanent magnet 17. The contact element 21 with the armature 23 is biased by the compression spring 28 in the raised position. This stable position is shown in the figure. Get into this position the contacts 22 and mating contacts 31 disengaged, so that a not shown Circuit can be opened. The contacts are in the first, lowered position 22 and mating contacts 31 engaged so that the circuit is closed. Alternatively, the contactor could also be designed so that in the lowered Position of the circuit interrupted and closed in the raised position is.

Das Überführen des Ankers 23 von der ersten in die zweite Stellung und umgekehrt erfolgt durch die beiden Spulen 7 und 8. Zum Überführen des Ankers von der ersten in die zweite Stellung wird die Spule 7 und zum Überführen des Ankers von der zweiten in die erste Stellung die Spule 8 kurzzeitig erregt. Wenn die beiden Spulen 7 und 8 stromlos sind, verweilt der Anker 23 in der ersten oder zweiten stabilen Stellung, je nach dem welche der beiden Spulen 7 und 8 zuvor betätigt wurden.The transfer of the armature 23 from the first to the second position and vice versa takes place through the two coils 7 and 8. To transfer the armature from the first in the second position, the coil 7 and for transferring the armature from the second in the first position, the coil 8 briefly excited. If the two coils 7 and 8 are de-energized, the armature 23 remains in the first or second stable position, depending on which of the two coils 7 and 8 were previously operated.

In der ersten abgesenkten Stellung liegt der Anker 23 am Polschuh des Dauermagneten an. Durch dieses Anliegen wird eine starke Anziehungskraft auf den Anker 23 ausgeübt, so dass der Anker 23 sicher in der ersten stabilen Stellung gehalten wird.In the first lowered position, the armature 23 lies on the pole piece of the permanent magnet on. This causes a strong attraction to the armature 23 exercised so that the armature 23 is held securely in the first stable position.

Wenn der Dauermagnet 23 in die zweite Stellung überführt wurde, sind Dauermagnet und Anker 23 genügend weit voneinander beabstandet, um keine oder nur eine geringe Anziehungskraft aufeinander ausüben zu können. Dann wird der Anker 23 mit dem Kontaktelement 21 durch die Druckfeder 28 in der zweiten stabilen Stellung gehalten. Somit verweilt der Anker 23 jeweils in seinen beiden stabilen Stellungen, ohne dass die Spulen 7 und 8 aktiviert sein müssen. Das Schütz lässt sich daher energiesparend betreiben.When the permanent magnet 23 has been transferred to the second position, permanent magnets are and anchors 23 spaced sufficiently far apart to be little or no To be able to exert attraction on one another. Then the anchor 23 with the contact element 21 by the compression spring 28 in the second stable position held. The armature 23 thus remains in its two stable positions, without the coils 7 and 8 having to be activated. The contactor can therefore be operate in an energy-saving manner.

Dadurch, dass der Dauermagnet nicht am Anker montiert ist, kann dieser sehr leicht gestaltet werden. Auf diese Weise lässt sich die Schaltfrequenz erhöhen. Zudem führt die geringere Masse des Ankers zu einem sicheren Kontakt zwischen den Kontakten 21 und den Gegenkontakten 31 z. B. bei Schüttelbetrieb. Durch die geringeren Anforderungen an die Führungseigenschaften des Ankers vereinfacht sich der Aufbau des Schützes.The fact that the permanent magnet is not mounted on the anchor makes it very easy be designed. The switching frequency can be increased in this way. In addition the lower mass of the anchor leads to a safe contact between the Contacts 21 and the counter contacts 31 z. B. in shaking mode. By the lesser Requirements for the guiding properties of the anchor are simplified Structure of the contactor.

Claims (7)

Bistabiles Schütz mit mindestens einer Spule (7, 8) und einem der Spule gegenüber beweglichen Anker (23) mit Kontakten (22), der zusammen mit den Kontakten zum Öffnen oder Schließen eines Stromkreises mittels der Spule von einer ersten stabilen Stellung in eine zweite stabile Stellung überführbar ist, und einem Dauermagneten (17), bei dem sich der Anker in einer seiner stabilen Stellungen gegenüber der Spule abstützt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dauermagnet gegenüber der Spule ortsfest ist und ein Federelement (28) vorgesehen ist, das den Anker in die andere stabile Stellung vom Dauermagneten beabstandend vorspannt.Bistable contactor with at least one coil (7, 8) and one armature (23) with contacts (22) movable with respect to the coil, which together with the contacts for opening or closing a circuit by means of the coil from a first stable position into a second stable Position can be transferred, and a permanent magnet (17), in which the armature is supported in one of its stable positions with respect to the coil, characterized in that the permanent magnet is stationary with respect to the coil and a spring element (28) is provided which holds the armature in biases the other stable position spaced from the permanent magnet. Bistabiles Schütz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der einen der beiden stabilen Stellungen der Anker am Dauermagneten, vorzugsweise an dessen Polschuh anliegt.Bistable contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that in one of the two stable positions the armature rests on the permanent magnet, preferably on its pole piece. Bistabiles Schütz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der durch den Dauermagneten erzeugten stabilen Stellung der Stromkreis geschlossen ist.Bistable contactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the circuit is closed in the stable position generated by the permanent magnet. Bistabiles Schütz nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Spulen (7, 8) vorgesehen sind, wobei durch Anregen jeweils einer Spule der Anker in eine seiner beiden stabilen Stellungen überführbar ist.Bistable contactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two coils (7, 8) are provided, the armature being able to be moved into one of its two stable positions by exciting one coil each. Bistabiles Schütz nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulen als konzentrisch zueinander angeordnete Zylinderspulen ausgebildet sind.Bistable contactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coils are designed as cylindrical coils arranged concentrically to one another. Bistabiles Schütz nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dauermagnet innerhalb der einen Spule oder der Spulen angeordnet ist. Bistable contactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent magnet is arranged within the one coil or the coils. Bistabiles Schütz nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Federelement als Druckfeder ausgebildet ist.Bistable contactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring element is designed as a compression spring.
EP00120024A 1999-09-15 2000-09-14 Bistable contactor Expired - Lifetime EP1085549B1 (en)

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DE29916233U 1999-09-15
DE29916233U DE29916233U1 (en) 1999-09-15 1999-09-15 Bistable contactor

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US6538541B1 (en) 2003-03-25
DE29916233U1 (en) 2001-01-25

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