EP1082531B1 - Method for controlling a valve lift device - Google Patents
Method for controlling a valve lift device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1082531B1 EP1082531B1 EP99926449A EP99926449A EP1082531B1 EP 1082531 B1 EP1082531 B1 EP 1082531B1 EP 99926449 A EP99926449 A EP 99926449A EP 99926449 A EP99926449 A EP 99926449A EP 1082531 B1 EP1082531 B1 EP 1082531B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lifting device
- valve lifting
- control
- valve
- response time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2496—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories the memory being part of a closed loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2201/00—Electronic control systems; Apparatus or methods therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling a valve lifting device.
- a valve lifting device is notably implemented in internal combustion engines fitted to motor vehicles.
- Valve lifting devices are already known, the function of which is is to properly manage the opening and closing of the intake valves and exhaust mounted on the cylinders of a combustion engine (see for example EP-A-787892). To this end, these valve lifters cause an angular shift predetermined between the camshaft and the crankshaft.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the control of the valve lifting device and in particular to improve its precision, the stability and speed.
- the method according to the invention thus makes it possible on the one hand to improve the calculation of the angular offset ⁇ to be applied by the valve lifting device, but also to correct the terms P and adaptive of the PID for controlling this lifting device valves.
- the value ⁇ 0 of offset between the camshaft and the crankshaft in the absence of any activity of the valve lifting device, makes it possible to take into account the evolution of this offset throughout the duration of a journey and not only at start-up. This offset tends to change as a function of the engine temperature, and making only one acquisition at the time of starting is insufficient.
- the method according to the invention also makes it possible to diagnose malfunctions of the valve lifting device by static or dynamic. Indeed, the response times of the lifting device of valves to achieve a predetermined control step are measured and analyzed. If these response times are too long, a valve lift malfunction is activated.
- a malfunction in static mode is detected when the difference between a setpoint angular offset and the measured angular offset is greater than a threshold a number of times.
- a motor with conventional internal combustion (not shown) has a crankshaft and a camshaft.
- the crankshaft has the function of driving in one reciprocating a plurality of pistons each arranged inside a cylinder.
- the function of the camshaft is to cause the opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves at certain times combustion cycle.
- this hydraulic valve is achieved by that of its opening cyclic ratio RCO, using a circuit PID (proportional, integral. Derivative) appropriate.
- PID proportional, integral. Derivative
- the valve lifting device (CVVT - C ontinuous V ariable V alve T iming) is controlled by an actuator (a solenoid) receiving on the one hand engine oil, and on the other hand control orders (RCO) from a central computer (ECU - E lectronic C entral U nit).
- This valve lifting device consists of two parts: one is fixed relative to the camshaft and the other movable relative to the camshaft but fixed relative to the pulley (therefore relative to the crankshaft).
- An imbalance of pressures between the two chambers of the valve lifting device causes a rotation of the fixed part relative to the mobile part and therefore rotates the camshaft by the angular offset chosen relative to its neutral position (this is i.e. without CVVT) and therefore compared to the crankshaft.
- Targets associated with each of the shafts allow position sensors to detect the position of each of these trees.
- the angular offset between each of these trees is then calculated, at from knowing the position of each tree.
- This measured angular offset is transmitted to the central computing unit ECU.
- the central processing unit compares the measured angular offset with that that it had imposed on the actuator and modifies the RCO opening duty cycle of the actuator according to the difference between the angular offset measured and the angular offset imposed.
- the position read (that is to say measured by the sensor) in the absence of any action from the valve lifting device is memorized to serve as a reference ⁇ 0 in the subsequent positioning.
- This position ⁇ 0 is defined as being the 0 ° position.
- the value of the reference position measured by the sensor in the absence of any action from the valve lifting device also changes.
- the measured angular offset is ⁇ 0 .
- the reference angular offset is thus continuously updated during a journey.
- the measured angular offset is compared to the value it previously had. If the difference between the new and the old value is a multiple of the value corresponding to a tooth pulley, we consider that there is a failure and the range of permissible angular offset values is limited.
- a vehicle fault indicator (light and / or sound) is activated to prevent driver. Indeed, a strong difference between two values of the position of reference is indicative of a mounting fault (positioning error) of the belt connecting the camshaft to the crankshaft. So when the belt was disassembled then badly repositioned at the time of reassembly, or if several teeth have been skipped at the pulley, the value read by the sensor when the CVVT is in the stop position is very different from the usual value.
- the difference will be of several tree degrees (example: for an error tooth, we have approximately 17 ° difference). So when the difference between the initial stop position and the new stop position is substantially multiple of the corresponding value to a pulley tooth, it is diagnosed that there is a positioning error of the belt.
- the method according to the invention also consists in taking account of the control inaccuracies due to variations in current in the actuator.
- This actuator is usually a solenoid that controls the distribution of oil in the CVVT hydraulic valve.
- the invention proposes to pre-establish a map of the valve's RCO in the test bench depending on the engine water temperature.
- the object of the invention is to obtain a constant response time of the actuator (i.e. a constant current in this actuator). So when a current drift (due to a change in the engine coolant temperature) is detected, compensation is made at constant current.
- the RCO is increased.
- the mapping carried out makes it possible to calculate the correction to be applied to the RCO as a function of the water temperature, by adjusting the reference value ⁇ 0 as a function of this temperature.
- valves are never strictly identical (for process reasons manufacturing) and the RCO provided on the engine test bench for a specific engine and specific valve may differ slightly for another vehicle (even equipped of the same motor and the same type of valve).
- the correction applied is calculated such that the I term of the PID tends to 0 when the position of the valve lifter is stabilized.
- Another source of imprecision in the angular offset of the two shafts may be due to the oil temperature in the valve and / or its aging.
- this response time cannot be greater than a maximum threshold set by the vehicle manufacturer. For example, this response time should not be greater than 500 ms.
- the response time of the valve lifting device is measured when a command step is imposed. We measure how long it takes the actuator to achieve a certain percentage of this control step. For example, we measure how long it takes the actuator to achieve 40 to 70% of this step. Depending on this partial response time, the PID proportional term value.
- the method of controlling a valve lifting device according to the present invention also consists in diagnosing any dysfunction of the valve lifting device.
- this diagnosis can be carried out in static mode or in dynamic mode.
- the diagnostic in static mode is carried out when the valve lift is at a stable set position.
- Diagnostics in dynamic mode can be performed for two different times, namely: in deceleration or idle shutdown.
- this diagnosis is carried out during a cut deceleration.
- a step of CVVT position does not cause any disturbance on the engine speed.
- This control step can also be carried out during a engine idle period. However, so as not to disrupt the diet motor, it is then necessary to compensate for this step by an adjustment of advance to ignition and / or injection phase and / or injection time.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de commande d'un dispositif de levée de soupapes. Un tel dispositif est notamment mis en oeuvre dans les moteurs à combustion interne équipant les véhicules automobiles.The present invention relates to a method for controlling a valve lifting device. Such a device is notably implemented in internal combustion engines fitted to motor vehicles.
Il est déjà connu des dispositifs de levée de soupapes dont la fonction est de gérer correctement l'ouverture et la fermeture des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement montées sur les cylindres d'un moteur à combustion (voir par exemple EP-A-787892). A cet effet, ces dispositifs de levée de soupapes provoquent un décalage angulaire prédéterminé entre l'arbre à cames et le vilebrequin.Valve lifting devices are already known, the function of which is is to properly manage the opening and closing of the intake valves and exhaust mounted on the cylinders of a combustion engine (see for example EP-A-787892). To this end, these valve lifters cause an angular shift predetermined between the camshaft and the crankshaft.
Jusqu'à présent, pour chaque type de moteur, on établissait sur banc d'essai, en fonction du régime moteur, de la quantité d'air admise et de la position du papillon des gaz, quelle était la valeur de consigne de décalage angulaire à appliquer. Cette valeur de consigne était appliquée par l'intermédiaire du dispositif de levée de soupapes. Le décalage angulaire réel entre l'arbre à cames et le vilebrequin était vérifié en continu et si le décalage angulaire réel et le décalage angulaire de consigne ne coïncidait pas, une correction était appliquée.Until now, for each type of engine, we established on bench test, depending on the engine speed, the quantity of air admitted and the position throttle valve, what was the angular offset setpoint at apply. This setpoint was applied via the device valve lift. The actual angular offset between the camshaft and the crankshaft was checked continuously and if the actual angular offset and the offset setpoint angle did not match, a correction was applied.
On s'est en fait rapidement rendu compte que selon cette méthode de fonctionnement, il fallait sans cesse corriger le décalage angulaire entre l'arbre à cames et le vilebrequin. En outre, la précision et la stabilité d'un décalage angulaire imposé en tant que consigne, ainsi que la rapidité avec laquelle cette valeur de consigne est atteinte n'est pas satisfaisante.We quickly realized that according to this method of function, it was constantly necessary to correct the angular offset between the shaft to cams and the crankshaft. In addition, the precision and stability of an offset angular imposed as a setpoint, as well as how quickly this setpoint is reached is not satisfactory.
Le but de la présente invention est d'améliorer la commande du dispositif de levée de soupapes et notamment d'en améliorer la précision, la stabilité et la rapidité.The object of the present invention is to improve the control of the valve lifting device and in particular to improve its precision, the stability and speed.
A cet effet, la présente invention concerne un procédé de commande
d'un dispositif de levée de soupapes, associé à un moteur à combustion interne,
ce procédé étant du type consistant à déterminer, en fonction de cartographies
appropriées, le décalage angulaire devant être appliqué entre un arbre à cames et
un vilebrequin et à appliquer ce décalage par l'intermédiaire d'une commande de
type PID, le dit procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à :
Le procédé selon l'invention permet ainsi d'une part d'améliorer le calcul du décalage angulaire α devant être appliqué par le dispositif de levée de soupapes, mais aussi de corriger les termes P et adapatatif du PID de commande de ce dispositif de levée de soupapes. Le fait de mesurer, à chaque fois que le moteur présente une période de ralenti stabilisé, la valeur α0 de décalage entre l'arbre à cames et le vilebrequin, en l'absence de toute activité du dispositif de levée de soupapes, permet de tenir compte de l'évolution de ce décalage pendant toute la durée d'un trajet et non uniquement au démarrage. Ce décalage a tendance en effet à évoluer en fonction de la température moteur, et ne réaliser qu'une seule acquisition au moment du démarrage est insuffisant.The method according to the invention thus makes it possible on the one hand to improve the calculation of the angular offset α to be applied by the valve lifting device, but also to correct the terms P and adaptive of the PID for controlling this lifting device valves. Measuring, each time the engine has a stabilized idling period, the value α 0 of offset between the camshaft and the crankshaft, in the absence of any activity of the valve lifting device, makes it possible to take into account the evolution of this offset throughout the duration of a journey and not only at start-up. This offset tends to change as a function of the engine temperature, and making only one acquisition at the time of starting is insufficient.
En outre, le procédé selon l'invention permet également de diagnostiquer des dysfonctionnements du dispositif de levée de soupapes en statique ou en dynamique. En effet, les temps de réponse du dispositif de levée de soupapes pour réaliser un échelon de commande prédéterminé sont mesurés et analysés. Si ces temps de réponse sont trop longs, un témoin de dysfonctionnement du dispositif de levée de soupapes est activé.In addition, the method according to the invention also makes it possible to diagnose malfunctions of the valve lifting device by static or dynamic. Indeed, the response times of the lifting device of valves to achieve a predetermined control step are measured and analyzed. If these response times are too long, a valve lift malfunction is activated.
De même, un dysfonctionnement en mode statique est détecté lorsque l'écart entre un décalage angulaire de consigne et le décalage angulaire mesuré est supérieur à un seuil un certain nombre de fois.Likewise, a malfunction in static mode is detected when the difference between a setpoint angular offset and the measured angular offset is greater than a threshold a number of times.
D'autres objets, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention seront d'ailleurs mieux compris à la lecture de la description qui suit, en référence à la figure 1 ci-annexée, représentant, la chaíne de commande d'un dispositif de levée de soupapes ainsi que les moyens de mesure de l'écart angulaire associés.Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will moreover be better understood on reading the description which follows, with reference in Figure 1 attached hereto, representing, the control chain of a device for lifting of valves as well as the means for measuring the angular deviation associated therewith.
Selon la forme de réalisation représentée à la figure 1, un moteur à combustion interne classique (non représenté) présente un vilebrequin et un arbre à cames. On rappelle que le vilebrequin a pour fonction d'entraíner en un mouvement alternatif une pluralité de pistons disposés chacun à l'intérieur d'un cylindre. L'arbre à cames a, quant à lui, pour fonction de provoquer l'ouverture et la fermeture des soupapes d'admission et d'échappement à certains moments déterminés du cycle de combustion.According to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a motor with conventional internal combustion (not shown) has a crankshaft and a camshaft. Remember that the crankshaft has the function of driving in one reciprocating a plurality of pistons each arranged inside a cylinder. The function of the camshaft is to cause the opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves at certain times combustion cycle.
Pour pouvoir régler de manière optimum l'instant d'ouverture (et de fermeture) de chacune des soupapes, il est connu de faire varier le décalage angulaire entre l'arbre à cames et le vilebrequin. Ce décalage est réalisé par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de levée de soupapes comportant une vanne hydraulique. Bien entendu, la précision du décalage angulaire entre les deux arbres (à cames et vilebrequin) dépend de la précision, la stabilité et la rapidité de cette vanne hydraulique.To be able to optimally set the opening time (and closure) of each valve, it is known to vary the offset angle between the camshaft and the crankshaft. This offset is achieved by via a valve lifting device comprising a valve hydraulic. Of course, the precision of the angular offset between the two shafts (cam and crankshaft) depends on the precision, stability and speed of this hydraulic valve.
De manière classique, la commande de cette vanne hydraulique est réalisée par celle de son rapport cyclique d'ouverture RCO, à l'aide d'un circuit PID (proportionnel, intégral. dérivé) approprié.Conventionally, the control of this hydraulic valve is achieved by that of its opening cyclic ratio RCO, using a circuit PID (proportional, integral. Derivative) appropriate.
Selon le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 1, le dispositif de levée de soupapes (CVVT - Continuous Variable Valve Timing) est commandé par un actionneur (un solénoïde) recevant d'une part de l'huile moteur, et d'autre part des ordres de commande (RCO) de la part d'un calculateur central (ECU - Electronic Central Unit). Ce dispositif de levée de soupape est constitué de deux parties : l'une est fixe par rapport à l'arbre à cames et l'autre mobile par rapport à l'arbre à cames mais fixe par rapport à la poulie (donc par rapport au vilebrequin). Un déséquilibre des pressions entre les deux chambres du dispositif de levée de soupape entraíne une rotation de la partie fixe par rapport à la partie mobile et fait donc tourner l'arbre à cames du décalage angulaire choisi par rapport à sa position neutre (c'est-à-dire sans CVVT) et donc par rapport au vilebrequin.According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the valve lifting device (CVVT - C ontinuous V ariable V alve T iming) is controlled by an actuator (a solenoid) receiving on the one hand engine oil, and on the other hand control orders (RCO) from a central computer (ECU - E lectronic C entral U nit). This valve lifting device consists of two parts: one is fixed relative to the camshaft and the other movable relative to the camshaft but fixed relative to the pulley (therefore relative to the crankshaft). An imbalance of pressures between the two chambers of the valve lifting device causes a rotation of the fixed part relative to the mobile part and therefore rotates the camshaft by the angular offset chosen relative to its neutral position (this is i.e. without CVVT) and therefore compared to the crankshaft.
Des cibles associées à chacun des arbres (cames et vilebrequin) permettent à des capteurs de position de détecter la position de chacun de ces arbres. Le décalage angulaire entre chacun de ces arbres est ensuite calculé, à partir de la connaissance de la position de chacun des arbres.Targets associated with each of the shafts (cams and crankshaft) allow position sensors to detect the position of each of these trees. The angular offset between each of these trees is then calculated, at from knowing the position of each tree.
Ce décalage angulaire mesuré est transmis à l'unité centrale de calcul ECU. L'unité centrale de calcul compare le décalage angulaire mesuré à celui qu'elle avait imposé à l'actionneur et modifie le rapport cyclique d'ouverture RCO de l'actionneur en fonction de la différence existant entre le décalage angulaire mesuré et le décalage angulaire imposé.This measured angular offset is transmitted to the central computing unit ECU. The central processing unit compares the measured angular offset with that that it had imposed on the actuator and modifies the RCO opening duty cycle of the actuator according to the difference between the angular offset measured and the angular offset imposed.
Selon l'invention, pour déterminer avec une meilleure précision le décalage angulaire à imposer entre les deux arbres, on réalise un certain nombre d'étapes supplémentaires.According to the invention, to determine with better precision the angular offset to be imposed between the two shafts, we realize a certain number additional steps.
Tout d'abord la position lue (c'est-à-dire mesurée par le capteur) en l'absence de toute action du dispositif de levée de soupape est mémorisée pour servir de référence α0 dans le positionnement ultérieur. Cette position α0 est définie comme étant la position 0°.First of all, the position read (that is to say measured by the sensor) in the absence of any action from the valve lifting device is memorized to serve as a reference α 0 in the subsequent positioning. This position α 0 is defined as being the 0 ° position.
Cependant, lorsque le moteur s'échauffe, la température du moteur évolue. De ce fait, la valeur de la position de référence mesurée par le capteur (en l'absence de toute action du dispositif de levée de soupapes) évolue elle aussi. Selon l'invention, pour pallier cette dérive normale du décalage angulaire de référence α0, on le mesure non seulement au démarrage mais à chaque fois que le moteur entre en régime de ralenti stabilisé. En effet, lorsque le moteur est dans un tel état, l'action du dispositif de levée de soupapes est minimale voire nulle. Dans ce cas, le décalage angulaire mesuré est α0. Le décalage angulaire de référence est ainsi continuellement remis à jour pendant un trajet.However, when the engine warms up, the engine temperature changes. As a result, the value of the reference position measured by the sensor (in the absence of any action from the valve lifting device) also changes. According to the invention, to compensate for this normal drift of the angular offset of reference α 0 , it is measured not only at start-up but each time that the engine enters stabilized idle speed. Indeed, when the engine is in such a state, the action of the valve lifting device is minimal or even zero. In this case, the measured angular offset is α 0 . The reference angular offset is thus continuously updated during a journey.
En outre, le décalage angulaire mesuré est comparé à la valeur qu'il avait précédemment. Si la différence entre la nouvelle et l'ancienne valeur est un multiple de la valeur correspondante à une dent poulie, on considère qu'il y a une panne et on limite la plage des valeurs de décalage angulaire admissible. Un indicateur (lumineux et/ou sonore) de défaut véhicule est activé pour prévenir le conducteur. En effet, une forte différence entre deux valeurs de la position de référence est révélatrice d'un défaut de montage (erreur de positionnement) de la courroie reliant l'arbre à cames au vilebrequin. Ainsi, lorsque la courroie a été démontée puis mal repositionnée au moment du remontage, ou si plusieurs dents ont été sautées au niveau de la poulie, la valeur lue par le capteur lorsque la CVVT est en position butée est fort différente de la valeur habituelle. La différence sera de plusieurs degrés arbre (exemple : pour une dent d'erreur, on a environ 17° de différence). Donc, lorsque la différence entre la position de butée initiale et la nouvelle position de butée est sensiblement multiple de la valeur correspondant à une dent de poulie, on diagnostique qu'il existe une erreur de positionnement de la courroie.In addition, the measured angular offset is compared to the value it previously had. If the difference between the new and the old value is a multiple of the value corresponding to a tooth pulley, we consider that there is a failure and the range of permissible angular offset values is limited. A vehicle fault indicator (light and / or sound) is activated to prevent driver. Indeed, a strong difference between two values of the position of reference is indicative of a mounting fault (positioning error) of the belt connecting the camshaft to the crankshaft. So when the belt was disassembled then badly repositioned at the time of reassembly, or if several teeth have been skipped at the pulley, the value read by the sensor when the CVVT is in the stop position is very different from the usual value. The difference will be of several tree degrees (example: for an error tooth, we have approximately 17 ° difference). So when the difference between the initial stop position and the new stop position is substantially multiple of the corresponding value to a pulley tooth, it is diagnosed that there is a positioning error of the belt.
De telles positions anormales de la courroie ou un saut de dent provoquent un risque de casse moteur si on autorise des positionnements extrêmes de la CVVT. En conséquence, lorsqu'une telle panne est détectée, on limite la plage des positions de la CVVT (par une limitation des valeurs de consignes) pour éviter toute casse moteur. Ainsi, avantageusement, la détection d'une position d'arbre à cames non admissible (en raison d'un mauvais positionnement de la courroie ou d'un saut de dent) est détectée par la simple comparaison de deux valeurs consécutives de la position de référence de la CVVT. Bien entendu, pour pouvoir détecter une telle erreur de positionnement, il est nécessaire de mémoriser la valeur de la position de référence de la CVVT en mémoire non volatile afin d'être utilisable à chaque démarrage. Such abnormal belt positions or a tooth jump cause a risk of engine breakage if positioning is authorized extremes of CVVT. Consequently, when such a failure is detected, we limits the range of CVVT positions (by limiting the values of instructions) to avoid any engine breakage. Thus, advantageously, the detection an inadmissible camshaft position (due to poor positioning of the belt or a tooth jump) is detected by the simple comparison of two consecutive values of the reference position of the CVVT. Of course, to be able to detect such a positioning error, it it is necessary to memorize the value of the reference position of the CVVT in non-volatile memory in order to be usable at each start-up.
Le procédé selon l'invention consiste également à tenir compte des imprécisions de commande dues aux variations de courant dans l'actuateur. Cet actuateur est en général un solénoïde qui commande la répartition de l'huile dans la vanne hydraulique de la CVVT.The method according to the invention also consists in taking account of the control inaccuracies due to variations in current in the actuator. This actuator is usually a solenoid that controls the distribution of oil in the CVVT hydraulic valve.
Ces variations de courant dans l'actuateur sont dues à des variations de résistances provoquées par des variations de la température d'eau moteur. Ces variations de courant provoquent pour une même valeur de consigne de position (c'est-à-dire de décalage angulaire) à respecter par l'actuateur un temps de réponse différent. Pour tenir compte de ces variations de courant, l'invention propose de pré-établir au banc d'essai une cartographie du RCO de la vanne en fonction de la température d'eau du moteur.These variations in current in the actuator are due to variations resistances caused by variations in the engine coolant temperature. These variations in current cause the same setpoint to position (i.e. angular offset) to be observed by the actuator for a time different response. To take account of these current variations, the invention proposes to pre-establish a map of the valve's RCO in the test bench depending on the engine water temperature.
Le but de l'invention est d'obtenir un temps de réponse constant de l'actuateur (c'est-à-dire un courant constant dans cet actuateur). Donc, lorsqu'une dérive du courant (en raison d'une modification de la température d'eau moteur) est détectée, on compense à courant constant.The object of the invention is to obtain a constant response time of the actuator (i.e. a constant current in this actuator). So when a current drift (due to a change in the engine coolant temperature) is detected, compensation is made at constant current.
Ainsi, si le courant diminue (en raison d'une variation de la température d'eau), on augmente le RCO. La cartographie réalisée permet de calculer la correction à appliquer au RCO en fonction de la température d'eau, en ajustant la valeur de référence α0 en fonction de cette température.Thus, if the current decreases (due to a variation in the water temperature), the RCO is increased. The mapping carried out makes it possible to calculate the correction to be applied to the RCO as a function of the water temperature, by adjusting the reference value α 0 as a function of this temperature.
Les imprécisions du décalage angulaire entre les deux arbres (à cames et vilebrequin) peuvent également être dues aux disparités entre vannes. Ces vannes ne sont jamais strictement identiques (pour des questions de processus de fabrication) et le RCO prévu sur banc moteur pour un moteur déterminé et une vanne spécifique peut différer légèrement pour un autre véhicule (même équipé du même moteur et du même type de vanne).The inaccuracies of the angular offset between the two shafts (cam and crankshaft) may also be due to disparities between valves. These valves are never strictly identical (for process reasons manufacturing) and the RCO provided on the engine test bench for a specific engine and specific valve may differ slightly for another vehicle (even equipped of the same motor and the same type of valve).
Pour tenir compte de ces disparités, on mesure l'écart Δ entre la commande (RCO) appliquée et la commande calculée (issue de la cartographie précédemment définie) en observant le terme I du PID de commande du dispositif de soupapes et en mémorisant sa valeur dans un terme adaptatif.To take these disparities into account, the difference Δ between the command (RCO) applied and the command calculated (from the mapping previously defined) by observing term I of the device control PID valves and storing its value in an adaptive term.
La correction appliquée est calculée de telle sorte que le terme I du PID tende vers 0 lorsque la position du dispositif de levée de soupapes est stabilisée.The correction applied is calculated such that the I term of the PID tends to 0 when the position of the valve lifter is stabilized.
On peut garder en mémoire les Δ calculés pendant le trajet précédent l'arrêt du véhicule ou ne pas sauvegarder ces valeurs et refaire leur acquisition lors du premier ralenti suivant le redémarrage du véhicule.We can keep in memory the Δ calculated during the previous trip stopping the vehicle or not saving these values and redoing their acquisition during the first idle following the restart of the vehicle.
Une autre source d'imprécision dans le décalage angulaire des deux arbres peut être due à la température d'huile dans la vanne et/ou à son vieillissement.Another source of imprecision in the angular offset of the two shafts may be due to the oil temperature in the valve and / or its aging.
Ces deux paramètres (température et vieillissement) provoquent des perturbations du temps de réponse du dispositif de levée de soupapes. Or, ce temps de réponse ne peut être supérieur à un seuil maximum fixé par le constructeur du véhicule. Par exemple, ce temps de réponse ne doit pas être supérieur à 500 ms.These two parameters (temperature and aging) cause disturbance of the response time of the valve lifting device. Now, this response time cannot be greater than a maximum threshold set by the vehicle manufacturer. For example, this response time should not be greater than 500 ms.
Pour déterminer si le temps de réponse reste en deçà de sa valeur limite, on mesure le temps de réponse du dispositif de levée de soupapes lorsque l'on impose un échelon de commande. On mesure combien de temps met l'actuateur pour réaliser un certain pourcentage de cet échelon de commande. Par exemple, on mesure combien il faut de temps à l'actuateur pour réaliser 40 à 70% de cet échelon. En fonction de ce temps de réponse partiel, on modifie la valeur du terme proportionnel P du PID.To determine if the response time remains below its value limit, the response time of the valve lifting device is measured when a command step is imposed. We measure how long it takes the actuator to achieve a certain percentage of this control step. For example, we measure how long it takes the actuator to achieve 40 to 70% of this step. Depending on this partial response time, the PID proportional term value.
On notera que cet échelon de commande n'est pas imposé, on attend en effet qu'une telle variation se réalise au cours du fonctionnement normal du moteur pour mesurer ce temps de réponse partiel et agir en conséquence sur le terme P.Note that this command step is not imposed, we wait in fact that such a variation occurs during the normal operation of the engine to measure this partial response time and act accordingly on the term P.
Une autre imprécision dans le décalage angulaire imposé entre les deux arbres peut provenir d'oscillations du dispositif de levée de soupapes autour d'une valeur de décalage angulaire. Pour pallier cet inconvénient, on surveille le décalage angulaire à l'aide de deux filtres du premier ordre de manière à détecter toute oscillation. Si des oscillations sont détectées, on modifie en conséquence le terme P du PID.Another imprecision in the angular offset imposed between the two shafts can come from oscillations of the valve lifter around an angular offset value. To overcome this drawback, we monitor the angular offset using two first order filters to detect any oscillation. If oscillations are detected, the PID term P.
Pour améliorer la précision du décalage angulaire, il également possible, lorsque le temps de réponse est trop long ou que des oscillations sont détectées, de modifier, en plus du terme P (proportionnel) du PID, les termes intégral (I) et dérivé (D) du PID par un facteur correctif multiplicatif (un facteur correctif pour le terme I et un autre pour le terme D).To improve the accuracy of the angular offset, it also possible, when the response time is too long or oscillations are detected, to modify, in addition to the P (proportional) term of the PID, the terms integral (I) and derivative (D) of the PID by a multiplicative corrective factor (a factor corrective for term I and another for term D).
Chacune des étapes d'amélioration de la précision du décalage angulaire ci-dessus évoquées peut être réalisée seule ou en combinaison avec l'une au moins des autres étapes. La meilleure précision de ce décalage angulaire est néanmoins obtenue en réalisant l'ensemble de ces étapes.Each of the steps to improve the offset accuracy angular above mentioned can be carried out alone or in combination with at least one of the other steps. The best precision of this angular offset is nevertheless obtained by carrying out all of these steps.
Le procédé de commande d'un dispositif de levée de soupapes selon la présente invention consiste également à diagnostiquer tout dysfonctionnement du dispositif de levée de soupapes.The method of controlling a valve lifting device according to the present invention also consists in diagnosing any dysfunction of the valve lifting device.
A cet effet, ce diagnostic peut être réalisé en mode statique ou en mode dynamique.To this end, this diagnosis can be carried out in static mode or in dynamic mode.
Le diagnostic en mode statique est effectué lorsque le dispositif de levée de soupapes est à une position de consigne stable. Dans ce cas, on mesure l'écart entre la valeur cartographiée du décalage angulaire et la valeur mesurée par les capteurs (arbres à cames et vilebrequin). Si cet écart est supérieur à une valeur limite fixée un certain nombre de fois, on active un témoin de dysfonctionnement du dispositif de levée de soupape. Par exemple, si pendant 5 à 10 fois, l'écart est de 0 à 5° sur le vilebrequin, le témoin de dysfonctionnement est activé.The diagnostic in static mode is carried out when the valve lift is at a stable set position. In this case, we measures the difference between the mapped value of the angular offset and the value measured by the sensors (camshafts and crankshaft). If this difference is greater than a limit value set a certain number of times, a witness is activated valve lift device malfunction. For example, if during 5 to 10 times, the deviation is 0 to 5 ° on the crankshaft, the malfunction indicator is activated.
Le diagnostic en mode dynamique peut être réalisé pendant deux moments différents, à savoir : en coupure décélération ou au ralenti.Diagnostics in dynamic mode can be performed for two different times, namely: in deceleration or idle shutdown.
De préférence, ce diagnostic est réalisé pendant une coupure décélération. En effet, à ce moment là (coupure momentanée de l'alimentation en carburant pour répondre à une demande de décélération brutale), un échelon de position CVVT ne provoque aucune perturbation sur le régime moteur.Preferably, this diagnosis is carried out during a cut deceleration. In fact, at this time (momentary cut in the supply of fuel to meet a sudden deceleration request), a step of CVVT position does not cause any disturbance on the engine speed.
Pour effectuer ce diagnostic, il suffit d'imposer un échelon de consigne au dispositif de levée de soupapes. On mesure alors le temps de réponse du dispositif de levée de soupapes et on vérifie qu'il reste toujours en deçà d'une valeur limite. Si c'est le cas, le dispositif de levée de soupapes fonctionne correctement, sinon si cette valeur limite est dépassée un certain nombre de fois, alors un témoin de dysfonctionnement est activé.To carry out this diagnosis, it suffices to impose a setpoint step to the valve lifting device. We then measure the response time of the valve lifting device and it is checked that it always remains below a limit value. If so, the valve lift works correctly, otherwise if this limit value is exceeded a certain number of times, then a malfunction indicator is activated.
On peut également effectuer cet échelon de commande pendant une période de ralenti stabilisé du moteur. Cependant, pour ne pas perturber le régime moteur, il est alors nécessaire de compenser cet échelon par un ajustement de l'avance à l'allumage et/ou de la phase d'injection et/ou du temps d'injection.This control step can also be carried out during a engine idle period. However, so as not to disrupt the diet motor, it is then necessary to compensate for this step by an adjustment of advance to ignition and / or injection phase and / or injection time.
Comme dans le cas de la coupure décélération, on mesure le temps de réponse du dispositif de levée de soupapes à cet échelon. Si ce temps est inférieur à une limite fixée, le dispositif de levée de soupapes fonctionne correctement, sinon si cette valeur limite est dépassée un certain nombre de fois, alors un témoin de dysfonctionnement est activé.As in the case of deceleration cutoff, the time of response of the valve lifter to this step. If this time is lower than a set limit, the valve lift works correctly, otherwise if this limit value is exceeded a certain number of times, then a malfunction indicator is activated.
Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et englobe toute variante à la portée de l'homme de l'art. Ainsi, ces diagnostics sont aussi effectués lors d'un fonctionnement normal du véhicule et de la CVVT quand un échelon de consigne apparaít naturellement. On pourrait aussi effectuer un diagnostic de rapidité de réponse en observant la vitesse de déplacement en la comparant à un seuil minimum.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the mode of embodiment described and encompasses any variant within the reach of ordinary skill in the art. So, these diagnostics are also carried out during normal vehicle operation and CVVT when a setpoint step occurs naturally. We could also perform a rapid response diagnosis by observing the speed of displacement by comparing it to a minimum threshold.
Claims (11)
- Method for controlling a valve lifting device, linked to an internal combustion engine, this method being of the type which consists of using appropriate mapping tools to determine the angular displacement which has to be applied between a camshaft and a crankshaft and applying this displacement by means of a PID type control, said method being characterised in that it consists of:(a) determining the reference value α0 of the angular displacement, when the valve lifting device is inactive, each time the engine switches to stabilised idling mode and taking this into account for every subsequent angular displacement control,(b) using the test bench to predefine a mapping tool for a cyclical opening ratio RCO for a hydraulic valve controlled by the PID of the valve lifting device as a function of the engine water temperature and adjusting the angular displacement to be applied, by modifying the reference value α0, as a function of this water temperature,(c) determining the difference between the control (RCO) applied and the control calculated at stage (b), by noting the term I of the PID controlling the valve device and memorising its value in an adaptive term,(d) determining the response time of the valve lifting device following a specific control level and modifying the proportional term P of the PID as a function of this response time,(e) verifying that the angular displacement between the camshaft and the crankshaft does not oscillate when the control variable is stable and modifying the term P of the PID as a result to prevent this oscillation.
- Control method according to Claim 1, characterised in that at stage a) the reference value α0 is compared with an initial reference value and, if the difference between these two values is roughly a multiple of a value corresponding to a pulley tooth, there is deemed to be a positioning error in respect of a belt linking the camshaft and the crankshaft.
- Control method according to Claim 2, characterised in that stage (c) makes it possible to take into account disparities between valve lifting devices, the difference Δ between the control (RCO) applied and the control calculated at stage b) being measured and memorised in an adaptive term, the correction applied being calculated so that the term I of the PID tends towards 0, while the position of the valve lifting device is stabilised.
- Control method according to Claim 3, characterised in that the difference Δ is only determined when the valve lifting device is in a stable position,
- Control method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in stage (d) the control level is not assigned, the response time being determined when such a level is reached during driving.
- Control method according to Claim 5, characterised in that the response time determined actually corresponds to the time taken by the valve lifting device to complete a certain percentage of the control level.
- Control method according to Claim 6, characterised in that the percentage is preferably around 40 to 70 % of the control level.
- Control method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, in stage (e), the oscillation of the valve lifting device around the value of angular displacement is determined by the associated use of two top-quality filters.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it also consists of diagnosing the correct operation of the valve lifting device by comparing the difference Δ with a reference difference and by deeming that the valve lifting device presents a malfunction, if this difference Δ is greater than this reference value on a certain number of occasions.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it also consists of diagnosing the correct operation of the valve lifting device by waiting for a fuel supply cut-off to occur during a deceleration phase to measure the response time of the valve lifting device. If this response time is greater than a predefined response time on a certain number of occasions, then the valve lifting device presents a malfunction.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it also consists of diagnosing the correct operation of the valve lifting device by establishing a control level during a period of stabilised idling by the vehicle and adjusting this by modifying the sparking advance and/or the injection phase and/or the injection time to prevent any interference with engine speed and measuring the response time of the valve lifting device to reach this control level and if this time is greater than a predefined response time on a certain number of occasions, the valve lifting device presents a malfunction.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9806791 | 1998-05-29 | ||
FR9806791A FR2779182B1 (en) | 1998-05-29 | 1998-05-29 | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A DEVICE LIFTING DEVICE |
PCT/EP1999/003685 WO1999063213A1 (en) | 1998-05-29 | 1999-05-27 | Method for controlling a valve lift device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1082531A1 EP1082531A1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
EP1082531B1 true EP1082531B1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
Family
ID=9526856
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99926449A Expired - Lifetime EP1082531B1 (en) | 1998-05-29 | 1999-05-27 | Method for controlling a valve lift device |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6397799B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1082531B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69902659T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2182533T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2779182B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999063213A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2906835A1 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-11 | Renault Sas | Cam shaft`s angular offset system controlling method for motor vehicle, involves modifying or storing minimum engine speed for real value to keep offset quality criterion on real angular offset |
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US6789517B2 (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2004-09-14 | General Motors Corporation | Method for managing thermal load on an engine |
DE10316899B4 (en) * | 2003-04-12 | 2008-08-07 | Audi Ag | Method for checking the functionality of a device for adjusting the stroke of the gas exchange valves of a self-igniting internal combustion engine |
DE10316900B4 (en) * | 2003-04-12 | 2009-01-15 | Audi Ag | Method for checking the functionality of a device for adjusting the stroke of the gas exchange valves of a spark-ignited internal combustion engine |
US7651097B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2010-01-26 | Carterbench Product Development, Ltd. | Toy play set |
DE102005059575B4 (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2022-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
DE102006039556B4 (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2014-12-31 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Method and control unit for diagnosing a valve lift adjustment system of an internal combustion engine |
DE102007053257B4 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-08-27 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for checking a valve lift switching process |
DE102018102880A1 (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-16 | Borgwarner Inc. | Method for start-up control of an electric camshaft adjuster |
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US4909194A (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1990-03-20 | Siemens-Bendix Automotive Electronics L.P. | Modular position controller for variable valve timing |
DE4006950A1 (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-09-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | CONTROL METHOD FOR THE SPEED-CONTINUOUSLY ADJUSTMENT OF THE CAM SPREAD |
DE4317527B4 (en) * | 1992-06-01 | 2007-11-29 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for automatic, continuous angle adjustment between a crankshaft and a camshaft |
JP3776463B2 (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 2006-05-17 | 株式会社デンソー | Valve operation timing control device for internal combustion engine |
JPH0754620A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1995-02-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and equipment for adjusting angular position of camshaft |
US5680834A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-10-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Just-in-time scheduling for variable camshaft timing |
EP0894958B1 (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 2005-02-09 | Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Failure detecting unit for an internal combustion engine and method for operating an internal combustion engine |
JP3632424B2 (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2005-03-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Control device for valve opening / closing characteristics of internal combustion engine |
US5937806A (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 1999-08-17 | General Motors Corporation | Closed-loop camshaft phaser control |
JP3447601B2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2003-09-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Valve operating control device for internal combustion engine |
JP3784563B2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2006-06-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Valve control device for internal combustion engine |
JP3700821B2 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2005-09-28 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
US6250283B1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2001-06-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Vehicle control method |
JP3290427B2 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2002-06-10 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
JP3850598B2 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2006-11-29 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Vane valve timing control device for internal combustion engine |
US6182636B1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2001-02-06 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Lean burn engine speed control |
-
1998
- 1998-05-29 FR FR9806791A patent/FR2779182B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-05-27 EP EP99926449A patent/EP1082531B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 ES ES99926449T patent/ES2182533T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-27 WO PCT/EP1999/003685 patent/WO1999063213A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-05-27 DE DE69902659T patent/DE69902659T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-27 US US09/701,520 patent/US6397799B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2906835A1 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-11 | Renault Sas | Cam shaft`s angular offset system controlling method for motor vehicle, involves modifying or storing minimum engine speed for real value to keep offset quality criterion on real angular offset |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999063213A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
DE69902659D1 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
FR2779182A1 (en) | 1999-12-03 |
DE69902659T2 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
EP1082531A1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
FR2779182B1 (en) | 2000-08-25 |
ES2182533T3 (en) | 2003-03-01 |
US6397799B1 (en) | 2002-06-04 |
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