EP1080325B1 - Fluidized bed combustion system with steam generation - Google Patents

Fluidized bed combustion system with steam generation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1080325B1
EP1080325B1 EP99952112A EP99952112A EP1080325B1 EP 1080325 B1 EP1080325 B1 EP 1080325B1 EP 99952112 A EP99952112 A EP 99952112A EP 99952112 A EP99952112 A EP 99952112A EP 1080325 B1 EP1080325 B1 EP 1080325B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidised
chamber
heat
combustion
combustion chamber
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EP99952112A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1080325A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Gummel
Werner-Friedrich Staab
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MG Technologies AG
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MG Technologies AG
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Priority claimed from DE19822304A external-priority patent/DE19822304C1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/005—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus comprising two or more beds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/002—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus for pulverulent solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/103—Cooling recirculating particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion system Steam generation for burning solid fuels and Generating water vapor.
  • the invention has for its object the above Fluidized bed combustion system in a compact design execute so that it is a block with a small footprint can be built. According to the invention this is achieved by the features in claim 1.
  • a further development of the invention is that everyone The fluidized bed combustion chamber is assigned at least one fluidized bed cooler which is located under and with a separator is connected by a line carrying solids, wherein each fluidized bed cooler with the associated fluidized bed combustion chamber through at least one line carrying solids and / or gas connected is.
  • the system according to the invention can be a compact block design and build. At the same time, it is without difficulty possible, one or more blocks next to each other to save space to be arranged with or without physical separation.
  • a Blocks allows the central arrangement of the Heat exchanger chamber an inexpensive construction through short Lines for the led into the vortex combustion chambers Combustion air that is in the heat exchanger chamber or in other suitable facilities is preheated.
  • Each The fluidized bed combustion chamber can be closed with the associated fluidized bed cooler be connected to a static unit, the Fluidized bed cooler in the installed or on the fluidized bed combustion chamber suspended construction can be carried out.
  • a special one space-saving design of the firing system results in that the distance between the first vortex combustion chamber and the first outer wall and the distance between the second Vortex combustion chamber and the second outer wall of the Heat exchanger chamber is 0 to 2 m.
  • the combustion system according to the invention is intended for large plants.
  • the cross-sectional area of each of the two vortex combustion chambers, measured horizontally and halfway up the interior of the chamber, will be 50 to 300 m 2 and preferably at least 70 m 2 .
  • the interior of the first and second swirl combustion chambers will be approximately rectangular in horizontal cross section.
  • two or more heat exchanger chambers and at least three swirl combustion chambers can be placed side by side in an alternating arrangement.
  • the system of Figures 1 and 2 has a central Heat exchanger chamber (1) with a rectangular cross section, see. Fig. 2.
  • the four vertical outer walls of the Heat exchanger chamber (1) with the reference numbers (1a), (1b), (1c) and (1d).
  • On the first outer wall (1a) is followed by a first swirl combustion chamber (2).
  • At the opposite wall (1c) is a second Vortex combustion chamber (3).
  • To the left vortex combustion chamber (2). are two separators (5) and (6) connected in the same way the two belong to the right vortex combustion chamber (3) Separators (7) and (8).
  • Each separator has a gas-carrying one Derivation (9) on the top of the Heat exchanger chamber (1) opens, see. Fig. 1.
  • the number of Separators can be any different from the drawing to get voted.
  • the solids separated in the separators (5) to (8) pass through a line (11) into a known Fluid bed cooler (12) or (12a). Details of the Fluidized bed coolers result, for example, from EP-B-0365723 and DE-A-4135582.
  • a bypass line (11a) can, if solids separated in the separator directly into the direct the nearest vortex combustion chamber, like the one in the Drawing for better clarity only together with the chamber (3) is shown. If you look at fluidized bed coolers (12) and (12a) are completely dispensed with, that of the separators coming solids via bypass lines of this type in the Vortex combustion chambers directed.
  • Each fluidized bed cooler is equipped with at least one line (13) for the supply of fluidizing gas, e.g. B. air, equipped, it has cooling elements (14) and a trigger (15) for cooled Solids. Part of the chilled solids are combined with gas through the channel (16) into the swirl combustion chamber (2) guided.
  • a variant is used together with the heat exchanger (12a) and the vortex combustion chamber (3) shown where the line (16) cooled solids and the line (17) heated Lead the fluidizing gas into the chamber (3).
  • Firm, grainy Fuels are passed through chambers (2) and (3)
  • Lines (18) and oxygen-containing fluidizing gas, e.g. B. air is introduced in line (19), occurs first into a distribution chamber (20) and then flows through a grate (21) upwards in the chamber (2). Further supply points for gases and solids are easily possible.
  • antracite coal is used as fuel
  • Bituminous coal lignite, wood or oil shale in question.
  • liquid ones can also be used or gaseous fuels are used, e.g. B. Refinery residues or various types of waste.
  • the Combustion temperatures in the vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) are in the range from 700 to 950 ° C.
  • a hot gas-solid suspension leaves the Vortex combustion chamber (2) or (3) in the upper area by a Opening (23) and enters the associated separator, in which the solids are largely separated. They are called Gases leave the separator through line (9) and become cooled in the heat exchanger chamber (1).
  • the chamber (1) is with numerous heat exchange elements (24) for indirect Cooling of the hot gas equipped in the drawing only are shown schematically.
  • the elements (24) are used for one of the production of steam from boiler feed water, high pressure steam having a pressure in the range of 70 to 350 bar and medium pressure steam with a pressure of 20 to 80 bar can be generated simultaneously or alternatively.
  • One or several of the elements (24) can also be used for air preheating, which then as combustion air in one of the vortex combustion chambers (2) or (3) is performed.
  • the system is designed for large throughputs, so the individual parts of the system are large.
  • the cross-sectional area of the interior of the heat exchanger chamber (1), measured horizontally at half the height of the chamber (1), is in the range from 150 to 500 m 2 .
  • the inner horizontal cross-sectional area, measured halfway above the grate (21), is 50 to 300 m 2 .
  • the height of a chamber (2) or (3), measured above the grate (21), is in the range from 20 to 60 m.
  • the horizontal width (a) of the common walls (1a) and (1c), cf. Fig. 2, is 10 to 40 m.
  • a power plant with a electrical power of 200 MW or more connected become.
  • All hot walls can be used optimally Membrane tube walls are formed by cooling fluid be flowed through. Chilled gas that the Leaves heat exchanger chamber (1) through the outlet (25) supplied a gas cleaning, not shown.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 explains a central heat exchanger chamber (1), two Vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) and separators (5) and (7).
  • the lines (23a) connect the vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) with the separators (5) or (7).
  • Same reference numbers as in Figures 1 and 2 have the meaning given there.
  • the 3 are wedge-shaped downwards educated.
  • FIG. 4 schematically in horizontal section in FIG Large system shown are two heat exchanger chambers (1) and three vortex combustion chambers (2), (3) and (4) alternately placed side by side.
  • the separators are with the Provide reference numerals (5) to (8). Notwithstanding the in Fig. 4 shown
  • the chambers can also be arranged in rows and through further heat exchanger chambers and / or Vortex combustion chambers are supplemented, the overall arrangement in Horizontal section results in a cross, L or T shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

A solid fuel fluidized-bed steam generator in which a pair of combustion chambers straddle a heat-exchange chamber of rectangular configuration in a row and have one or more gas/solids separators connected to the combustion chambers at the tops thereof and lines which deliver gas from the separators to the heat-exchange chamber. The heat-exchange chamber has a plurality of heat-exchange elements for indirect heat exchange between hot gas and a cooling fluid, for example water, which is converted to steam.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wirbelschicht-Feuerungssystem mit Dampferzeugung zum Verbrennen fester Brennstoffe und zum, Erzeugen von Wasserdampf.The invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion system Steam generation for burning solid fuels and Generating water vapor.

Derartige Systeme, die vor allem für kleinere Leistungen vorteilhaft sind, kennt man zum Beispiel aus EP-B-0365723, EP-A-0416238 sowie DE-A-3107356 und DE-A-4135582. Bei den bekannten Anlagen ist einer Wärmeaustauscherkammer stets nur eine Wirbelbrennkammer zugeordnet. Für große Anlagen, die eine große Menge an Wasserdampf erzeugen, der im Kraftwerk mit über 250 MW (elektrisch) verwendet wird, sind die bekannten Systeme nicht vorteilhaft.Such systems, especially for smaller services are known, for example, from EP-B-0365723, EP-A-0416238 as well as DE-A-3107356 and DE-A-4135582. Both known systems is always only a heat exchanger chamber assigned a vortex combustion chamber. For large systems, one Generate large amount of water vapor, which in the power plant with over The known systems are 250 MW (electrical) not beneficial.

Ein weiteres Wirbilschicht-Feuerungssystem gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist in DE-A-2804073 offenbart.Another fluidized bed firing system according to the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed in DE-A-2804073.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs genannte Wirbelschicht-Feuerungssystem in kompakter Bauweise auszuführen, so daß es als Block mit geringem Platzbedarf gebaut werden kann. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die Merkmale in Anspruch 1 erreicht.The invention has for its object the above Fluidized bed combustion system in a compact design execute so that it is a block with a small footprint can be built. According to the invention this is achieved by the features in claim 1.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß jeder Wirbelbrennkammer mindestens ein Wirbelbettkühler zugeordnet ist, der sich unter einem Separator befindet und mit diesem durch eine Feststoffe führende Leitung verbunden ist, wobei jeder Wirbelbettkühler mit der zugeordneten Wirbelbrennkammer durch mindestens eine Feststoffe und/oder Gas führende Leitung verbunden ist. A further development of the invention is that everyone The fluidized bed combustion chamber is assigned at least one fluidized bed cooler which is located under and with a separator is connected by a line carrying solids, wherein each fluidized bed cooler with the associated fluidized bed combustion chamber through at least one line carrying solids and / or gas connected is.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage läßt sich als kompakter Block konzipieren und bauen. Gleizeitig ist es ohne Schwierigkeiten möglich, einen oder weitere Blöcke platzsparend nebeneinander mit oder ohne physische Trennung anzuordnen. Innerhalb eines Blocks erlaubt die zentrale Anordnung der Wärmeaustauscherkammer eine kostengünstige Bauweise durch kurze Leitungen für die in die Wirbelbrennkammern geführte Verbrennungsluft, die in der Wärmeaustauscherkammer oder in anderen geeigneten Einrichtungen vorgewärmt wird. Jede Wirbelbrennkammer kann mit dem zugehörigen Wirbelbettkühler zu einer statischen Einheit verbunden werden, wobei sich der Wirbelbettkühler in aufgestellter oder an der Wirbelbrennkammer aufgehängter Bauweise ausführen läßt. Eine besonders platzsparende Ausgestaltung des Feuerungssystems ergibt sich dadurch, daß der Abstand zwischen der ersten Wirbelbrennkammer und der ersten Außenwand sowie der Abstand zwischen der zweiten Wirbelbrennkammer und der zweiten Außenwand der Wärmeaustauscherkammer 0 bis 2 m beträgt.The system according to the invention can be a compact block design and build. At the same time, it is without difficulty possible, one or more blocks next to each other to save space to be arranged with or without physical separation. Within a Blocks allows the central arrangement of the Heat exchanger chamber an inexpensive construction through short Lines for the led into the vortex combustion chambers Combustion air that is in the heat exchanger chamber or in other suitable facilities is preheated. Each The fluidized bed combustion chamber can be closed with the associated fluidized bed cooler be connected to a static unit, the Fluidized bed cooler in the installed or on the fluidized bed combustion chamber suspended construction can be carried out. A special one space-saving design of the firing system results in that the distance between the first vortex combustion chamber and the first outer wall and the distance between the second Vortex combustion chamber and the second outer wall of the Heat exchanger chamber is 0 to 2 m.

Das erfindungsgemäße Feuerungssystem ist für Großanlagen gedacht. Im allgemeinen wird die Querschnittfläche jeder der beiden Wirbelbrennkammern, horizontal und auf halber Höhe des Innenraums der Kammer gemessen, 50 bis 300 m2 und vorzugsweise mindestens 70 m2 betragen. Üblicherweise wird der Innenraum der ersten und zweiten Wirbelbrennkammer im horizontalen Querschnitt etwa rechteckig ausgebildet sein. Für sehr große Anlagen kann man zwei oder mehrere Wärmeaustauscherkammern und mindestens drei Wirbelbrennkammern in abwechselnder Anordnung nebeneinander stellen. The combustion system according to the invention is intended for large plants. In general, the cross-sectional area of each of the two vortex combustion chambers, measured horizontally and halfway up the interior of the chamber, will be 50 to 300 m 2 and preferably at least 70 m 2 . Usually, the interior of the first and second swirl combustion chambers will be approximately rectangular in horizontal cross section. For very large systems, two or more heat exchanger chambers and at least three swirl combustion chambers can be placed side by side in an alternating arrangement.

Weitere Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten werden mit Hilfe der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine erste Variante des Feuerungssystems in schematischer Darstellung im Längsschnitt, geschnitten nach der Linie I-I in Fig. 2,
Fig. 2
ein Querschnitt nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine zweite Variante der Feuerungsanlage in zu Fig. 1 analoger Darstellung und
Fig. 4
eine Großanlage mit zwei Wärmeaustauscherkammern in zu Fig. 2 analoger Darstellung.
Further design options are explained with the help of the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
a first variant of the firing system in a schematic representation in longitudinal section, cut along the line II in Fig. 2,
Fig. 2
2 shows a cross section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a second variant of the furnace in a representation similar to FIG. 1 and
Fig. 4
a large plant with two heat exchanger chambers in Fig. 2 analog representation.

Die Anlage der Figuren 1 und 2 weist zentral eine Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1) mit rechteckigem Querschnitt auf, vgl. Fig. 2. Die vier senkrechten Außenwände der Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1) sind mit den Bezugsziffern (1a), (1b), (1c) und (1d) versehen. An die erste Außenwand (1a) schließt sich eine erste Wirbelbrennkammer (2) an. An der gegenüberliegenden Wand (1c) befindet sich eine zweite Wirbelbrennkammer (3). An die linke Wirbelbrennkammer (2). sind zwei Separatoren (5) und (6) angeschlossen, in gleicher Weise gehören zur rechten Wirbelbrennkammer (3) die beiden Separatoren (7) und (8). Jeder Separater weist eine gasführende Ableitung (9) auf, die im oberen Bereich der Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1) mündet, vgl. Fig. 1. Die Zahl der Separatoren kann, abweichend von der Zeichnung, beliebig gewählt werden. Als Separatoren können z. B. an sich bekannte Zyklone oder auch Prallbleche verwendet werden.The system of Figures 1 and 2 has a central Heat exchanger chamber (1) with a rectangular cross section, see. Fig. 2. The four vertical outer walls of the Heat exchanger chamber (1) with the reference numbers (1a), (1b), (1c) and (1d). On the first outer wall (1a) is followed by a first swirl combustion chamber (2). At the opposite wall (1c) is a second Vortex combustion chamber (3). To the left vortex combustion chamber (2). are two separators (5) and (6) connected in the same way the two belong to the right vortex combustion chamber (3) Separators (7) and (8). Each separator has a gas-carrying one Derivation (9) on the top of the Heat exchanger chamber (1) opens, see. Fig. 1. The number of Separators can be any different from the drawing to get voted. As separators z. B. known per se Cyclones or baffle plates can be used.

Die in den Separatoren (5) bis (8) abgeschiedenen Feststoffe gelangen durch eine Leitung (11) in einen an sich bekannten Wirbelbettkühler (12) oder (12a). Einzelheiten des Wirbelbettkühlers ergeben sich zum Beispiel aus EP-B-0365723 und DE-A-4135582. Eine Bypassleitung (11a) kann, falls gewünscht, im Separator abgeschiedene Feststoffe direkt in die nächstliegende Wirbelbrennkammer leiten, wie das in der Zeichnung der besseren Übersichtlichkeit wegen nur zusammen mit der Kammer (3) dargestellt ist. Wenn man auf Wirbelbettkühler (12) und (12a) ganz verzichtet, werden die von den Separatoren kommenden Feststoffe über Bypassleitungen dieser Art in die Wirbelbrennkammern geleitet.The solids separated in the separators (5) to (8) pass through a line (11) into a known Fluid bed cooler (12) or (12a). Details of the Fluidized bed coolers result, for example, from EP-B-0365723 and DE-A-4135582. A bypass line (11a) can, if solids separated in the separator directly into the direct the nearest vortex combustion chamber, like the one in the Drawing for better clarity only together with the chamber (3) is shown. If you look at fluidized bed coolers (12) and (12a) are completely dispensed with, that of the separators coming solids via bypass lines of this type in the Vortex combustion chambers directed.

Jeder Wirbelbettkühler ist mit mindestens einer Leitung (13) für die Zufuhr von Fluidisierungsgas, z. B. Luft, ausgestattet, er weist Kühlelemente (14) und einen Abzug (15) für gekühlte Feststoffe auf. Ein Teil der gekühlten Feststoffe wird zusammen mit Gas durch den Kanal (16) in die Wirbelbrennkammer (2) geführt. Eine Variante wird zusammen mit dem Wärmeaustauscher (12a) und der Wirbelbrennkammer (3) dargestellt, wo die Leitung (16) gekühlte Feststoffe und die Leitung (17) erwärmtes Fluidisierungsgas in die Kammer (3) führen. Feste, körnige Brennstoffe führt man den Kammern (2) und (3) durch die Leitungen (18) zu und sauerstoffhaltiges Fluidisierungsgas, z. B. Luft, wird in der Leitung (19) herangeführt, tritt zunächst in eine Verteilkammer (20) ein und strömt dann durch einen Rost (21) aufwärts in der Kammer (2). Weitere Zufuhrstellen für Gase und Feststoffe sind ohne weiteres möglich.Each fluidized bed cooler is equipped with at least one line (13) for the supply of fluidizing gas, e.g. B. air, equipped, it has cooling elements (14) and a trigger (15) for cooled Solids. Part of the chilled solids are combined with gas through the channel (16) into the swirl combustion chamber (2) guided. A variant is used together with the heat exchanger (12a) and the vortex combustion chamber (3) shown where the line (16) cooled solids and the line (17) heated Lead the fluidizing gas into the chamber (3). Firm, grainy Fuels are passed through chambers (2) and (3) Lines (18) and oxygen-containing fluidizing gas, e.g. B. air, is introduced in line (19), occurs first into a distribution chamber (20) and then flows through a grate (21) upwards in the chamber (2). Further supply points for gases and solids are easily possible.

Als Brennstoffe kommen insbesondere Antrazith-Kohle, Steinkohle, Braunkohle, Holz oder Ölschiefer in Frage. Zusätzlich zum festen Brennstoff können auch teigige, flüssige oder gasförmige Brennstoffe eingesetzt werden, z. B. Raffinerierückstände oder verschiedenartige Abfälle. Die Verbrennungstemperaturen in den Wirbelbrennkammern (2) und (3) liegen im Bereich vom 700 bis 950°C.In particular, antracite coal is used as fuel, Bituminous coal, lignite, wood or oil shale in question. In addition to solid fuel, doughy, liquid ones can also be used or gaseous fuels are used, e.g. B. Refinery residues or various types of waste. The Combustion temperatures in the vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) are in the range from 700 to 950 ° C.

Eine heiße Gas-Feststoff-Suspension verläßt die Wirbelbrennkammer (2) oder (3) im oberen Bereich durch eine Öffnung (23) und gelangt in den zugehörigen Separator, in welchem die Feststoffe weitgehend abgetrennt werden. Die heißen Gase verlassen den Separator durch die Leitung (9) und werden in der Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1) gekühlt. Die Kammer (1) ist mit zahlreichen Wärmeaustauschelementen (24) zur indirekten Kühlung des heißen Gases ausgestattet, die in der Zeichnung nur schematisch dargestellt sind. Die Elemente (24) dienen zum einen der Erzeugung von Wasserdampf aus Kesselspeisewasser, wobei Hochdruckdampf mit einem Druck im Bereich von 70 bis 350 bar und Mitteldruckdampf mit einem Druck von 20 bis 80 bar gleichzeitig oder alternativ erzeugt werden kann. Eines oder mehrere der Elemente (24) kann auch der Luftvorwärmung dienen, die dann als Verbrennungsluft in eine der Wirbelbrennkammern (2) oder (3) geführt wird.A hot gas-solid suspension leaves the Vortex combustion chamber (2) or (3) in the upper area by a Opening (23) and enters the associated separator, in which the solids are largely separated. They are called Gases leave the separator through line (9) and become cooled in the heat exchanger chamber (1). The chamber (1) is with numerous heat exchange elements (24) for indirect Cooling of the hot gas equipped in the drawing only are shown schematically. The elements (24) are used for one of the production of steam from boiler feed water, high pressure steam having a pressure in the range of 70 to 350 bar and medium pressure steam with a pressure of 20 to 80 bar can be generated simultaneously or alternatively. One or several of the elements (24) can also be used for air preheating, which then as combustion air in one of the vortex combustion chambers (2) or (3) is performed.

Die Anlage ist für große Durchsätze bestimmt, dementsprechend weisen die einzelnen Anlagenteile große Dimensionen auf. Die Querschnittsfläche des Innenraums der Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1), horizontal bei halber Höhe der Kammer (1) gemessen, liegt im Bereich von 150 bis 500 m2. Für jede der Wirbelbrennkammern (2) oder (3) beträgt die innere horizontale Querschnittsfläche, gemessen auf halber Höhe oberhalb des Rostes (21), 50 bis 300 m2. Die Höhe einer Kammer (2) oder (3), gemessen oberhalb des Rostes (21), liegt im Bereich von 20 bis 60 m. Die horizontale Breite (a) der gemeinsamen Wände (1a) und (1c), vgl. Fig. 2, beträgt 10 bis 40 m. The system is designed for large throughputs, so the individual parts of the system are large. The cross-sectional area of the interior of the heat exchanger chamber (1), measured horizontally at half the height of the chamber (1), is in the range from 150 to 500 m 2 . For each of the vortex combustion chambers (2) or (3), the inner horizontal cross-sectional area, measured halfway above the grate (21), is 50 to 300 m 2 . The height of a chamber (2) or (3), measured above the grate (21), is in the range from 20 to 60 m. The horizontal width (a) of the common walls (1a) and (1c), cf. Fig. 2, is 10 to 40 m.

An das Feuerungssystem kann ein Kraftwerk mit einer elektrischen Leistung von 200 MW oder mehr angeschlossen werden. Um die fühlbare Wärme im Feuerungssystem möglichst optimal auszunutzen, können alle heißen Wände als Membranrohrwände ausgebildet werden, die von Kühlfluid durchflossen werden. Gekühltes Gas, das die Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1) durch den Auslaß (25) verläßt, wird einer nicht dargestellten Gasreinigung zugeführt.A power plant with a electrical power of 200 MW or more connected become. To the sensible warmth in the firing system if possible All hot walls can be used optimally Membrane tube walls are formed by cooling fluid be flowed through. Chilled gas that the Leaves heat exchanger chamber (1) through the outlet (25) supplied a gas cleaning, not shown.

Die Anlage der Fig. 3 weist, wie bereits zusammen mit Fig. 1 und 2 erläutert, eine zentrale Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1), zwei Wirbelbrennkammern (2) und (3) und Separatoren (5) und (7) auf. Die Leitungen (23a) verbinden die Wirbelbrennkammern (2) bzw. (3) mit den Separatoren (5) bzw. (7). Gleiche Bezugsziffern wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 haben die dort gegebene Bedeutung. Die Wirbelbrennkammern der Fig. 3 sind nach unten keilförmig ausgebildet.3, as already together with FIG. 1 and 2 explains a central heat exchanger chamber (1), two Vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) and separators (5) and (7). The lines (23a) connect the vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) with the separators (5) or (7). Same reference numbers as in Figures 1 and 2 have the meaning given there. The 3 are wedge-shaped downwards educated.

Bei der Anlage der Fig. 3 besteht zwischen der Außenwand (1a) der Wärmeaustauscherkammer (1) und der Wirbelbrennkammer (2) ein Abstand von höchstens 2 m, in welchem die Leitung (11) zum Wirbelbettkühler (12) hindurch geführt ist. Der gleiche Abstand besteht auch zwischen der Wand (1c) und der Wirbelbrennkammer (3). Durch die oberhalb der Kammern (2) und (3) angeordneten Separatoren (5) und (7) ergibt sich eine hohe Bauweise des Blocks mit geringem Bedarf an Bodenfläche.3 there is between the outer wall (1a) the heat exchanger chamber (1) and the vortex combustion chamber (2) a distance of at most 2 m, in which the line (11) to Fluid bed cooler (12) is passed through. The same distance also exists between the wall (1c) and the vortex combustion chamber (3). Through the arranged above the chambers (2) and (3) Separators (5) and (7) result in a high construction of the Blocks with little floor space.

Bei der in Fig. 4 schematisch im Horizontalschnitt dargestellten Großanlage sind zwei Wärmeaustauscherkammern (1) und drei Wirbelbrennkammern (2), (3) und (4) abwechselnd nebeneinander gestellt. Die Separatoren sind mit den Bezugsziffern (5) bis (8) versehen. Abweichend von der in Fig. 4 dargestellten 4 schematically in horizontal section in FIG Large system shown are two heat exchanger chambers (1) and three vortex combustion chambers (2), (3) and (4) alternately placed side by side. The separators are with the Provide reference numerals (5) to (8). Notwithstanding the in Fig. 4 shown

Reihenanordnung können die Kammern auch so zusammengestellt und durch weitere Wärmeaustauscherkammern und/oder Wirbelbrennkammern ergänzt werden, wobei die Gesamtanordnung im Horizontalschnitt eine Kreuz-, L- oder T-Form ergibt.The chambers can also be arranged in rows and through further heat exchanger chambers and / or Vortex combustion chambers are supplemented, the overall arrangement in Horizontal section results in a cross, L or T shape.

Claims (6)

  1. A fluidised-bed furnace system with steam generation for the combustion of solid fuels and for producing steam, with a heat-exchanger chamber (1) in which are arranged heat-exchange elements (24) through which cooling fluid flows, the heat-exchanger chamber having four vertical outer walls (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) which surround a space which is approximately rectangular in horizontal cross-section, with a first fluidised combustion chamber (2) which is arranged in front of a first outer wall (1a) of the heat-exchange chamber, and with a second fluidised combustion chamber (3) which is arranged in front of a second outer wall (1c) of the heat-exchanger chamber which lies opposite the first outer wall, each fluidised combustion chamber having lines for supplying fuel and combustion air, and with at least one separator (5, 6, 7, 8) for separating off solids (2) from a gas stream, which is connected to the upper region of each fluidised combustion chamber, the separator having a gas-carrying discharge line (9) which is connected to the upper region of the heat-exchanger chamber, characterised in that at least one fluidised-bed cooler (12, 12a) is associated with each fluidised combustion chamber, which cooler is located beneath a separator and is connected thereto by a solids-carrying line, each fluidised-bed cooler being connected to the associated fluidised combustion chamber by at least one line (16, 17) carrying solids and/or gas, and that the internal height of the heat-exchanger chamber (1) is at least 10 m and the internal height of the fluidised combustion chambers (2, 3) is 10 to 60 m.
  2. A fluidised-bed furnace system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the distance between the first fluidised combustion chamber (2) and the first outer wall (1a) and the distance between the second fluidised combustion chamber (3) and the second outer wall (1c) of the heat-exchanger chamber is 0 to 2 m.
  3. A fluidised-bed furnace system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cross-sectional surface area of each of the two fluidised combustion chambers (2, 3), measured horizontally and at half the height of the inner space of the chamber, is 50 to 300 m2.
  4. A fluidised-bed furnace system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the inner space of the first and second fluidised combustion chambers (2, 3) is approximately rectangular in horizontal cross-section.
  5. A fluidised-bed furnace system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the heat-exchanger chamber (1) and the fluidised combustion chambers (2, 3) have a width a of 10 to 40 m.
  6. A fluidised-bed furnace system according to Claim 1, characterised in that at least two heat-exchanger chambers (1) are associated with at least three fluidised combustion chambers (2, 3, 4).
EP99952112A 1998-05-18 1999-05-17 Fluidized bed combustion system with steam generation Expired - Lifetime EP1080325B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19822304A DE19822304C1 (en) 1998-05-18 1998-05-18 Firing system for fuel heater
DE19822304 1998-05-18
DE19834881 1998-08-01
DE19834881A DE19834881B4 (en) 1998-05-18 1998-08-01 Fluidized bed combustion system with steam generation
PCT/EP1999/003376 WO1999060305A1 (en) 1998-05-18 1999-05-17 Fluidized bed combustion system with steam generation

Publications (2)

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EP1080325A1 EP1080325A1 (en) 2001-03-07
EP1080325B1 true EP1080325B1 (en) 2001-11-14

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JP (1) JP2002515580A (en)
KR (1) KR100604347B1 (en)
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AU (1) AU746774B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9910604A (en)
CA (1) CA2332516C (en)
CO (1) CO4870738A1 (en)
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DK (1) DK1080325T3 (en)
EA (1) EA002507B1 (en)
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HU (1) HU225365B1 (en)
MA (1) MA24861A1 (en)
PL (1) PL192416B1 (en)
RO (1) RO119163B1 (en)
SI (1) SI20342A (en)
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US6908298B1 (en) * 2001-10-30 2005-06-21 Owen W. Dykema Air-fuel injection system for stable combustion
EP1308671A1 (en) 2001-10-30 2003-05-07 Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd A circulating fluidized bed reactor device
EP1910741B1 (en) * 2005-08-01 2017-11-15 General Electric Technology GmbH Modular fluidised bed reactor
US8028533B2 (en) * 2007-11-28 2011-10-04 E & J Enterprises, Llc Defrost indicator
FI124762B (en) * 2009-04-09 2015-01-15 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Circulating fluidized bed boiler
KR200459676Y1 (en) * 2009-06-09 2012-04-06 이승규 Stove with multiple combustion chamber
CN103363516B (en) * 2013-08-01 2015-10-28 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 A kind of CFBB with double reheat
CN104807002B (en) * 2015-04-03 2017-03-08 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 A kind of CFBB oxygen-enriched combusting dry method desulfuration system and method
CN105157021B (en) * 2015-09-15 2018-04-10 清华大学 A kind of overcritical large circulating fluidized bed boiler of twin furnace
DK3311072T3 (en) * 2016-08-25 2019-12-02 Doosan Lentjes Gmbh Circulating fluidized bed apparatus
CN111637472B (en) * 2020-06-23 2024-07-16 四川新城都锅炉有限公司 Yellow phosphorus tail gas post-combustion heat exchange system
CN112555863A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-03-26 新乡工神锅炉有限公司 Garbage incinerator with square rotary air separator for eliminating dioxin

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KR100604347B1 (en) 2006-07-25
DE59900444D1 (en) 2001-12-20
EA002507B1 (en) 2002-06-27
PL192416B1 (en) 2006-10-31
PL344241A1 (en) 2001-10-08
CO4870738A1 (en) 1999-12-27
KR20010043702A (en) 2001-05-25
DE19834881B4 (en) 2007-06-21
HU225365B1 (en) 2006-10-28
US6481385B1 (en) 2002-11-19
EE04288B1 (en) 2004-04-15
TR200003392T2 (en) 2001-02-21
DE19834881A1 (en) 2000-03-09
CA2332516C (en) 2005-07-12
HUP0101897A2 (en) 2001-11-28
CZ290860B6 (en) 2002-10-16
ATE208877T1 (en) 2001-11-15
EE200000679A (en) 2002-04-15
MA24861A1 (en) 1999-12-31
SI20342A (en) 2001-02-28
AU746774B2 (en) 2002-05-02
CZ20004284A3 (en) 2001-11-14
HUP0101897A3 (en) 2001-12-28
AU4262999A (en) 1999-12-06
JP2002515580A (en) 2002-05-28
UA53796C2 (en) 2003-02-17
EP1080325A1 (en) 2001-03-07
BR9910604A (en) 2001-01-16
DK1080325T3 (en) 2002-02-11
WO1999060305A1 (en) 1999-11-25
RO119163B1 (en) 2004-04-30
ES2168022T3 (en) 2002-05-16
EA200001196A1 (en) 2001-06-25
CA2332516A1 (en) 1999-11-25

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