EP1077508A2 - Antenne intérieure à caractéristique d' antenne variable pour la communication avec débit de données élevé - Google Patents

Antenne intérieure à caractéristique d' antenne variable pour la communication avec débit de données élevé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1077508A2
EP1077508A2 EP00116905A EP00116905A EP1077508A2 EP 1077508 A2 EP1077508 A2 EP 1077508A2 EP 00116905 A EP00116905 A EP 00116905A EP 00116905 A EP00116905 A EP 00116905A EP 1077508 A2 EP1077508 A2 EP 1077508A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
antenna according
terminals
base body
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP00116905A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1077508A3 (fr
Inventor
Markus Radimirsch
Dirk Mansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1077508A2 publication Critical patent/EP1077508A2/fr
Publication of EP1077508A3 publication Critical patent/EP1077508A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/007—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas specially adapted for indoor communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H01Q3/242—Circumferential scanning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna arrangement, in particular for an interior, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an antenna is used in the context of a communication application used in the interior area, such Antenna at the base station to transmit the data via the radio channel to the receiving units or terminals (downlink) is arranged.
  • Data sent from the terminals (Uplink) are correspondingly from the antenna of the base station receive.
  • Such data exchange occurs either between the base station and a specific terminal or all Terminals. One can therefore of a "directed” or speak “undirected” data exchange.
  • the non-directional or nationwide Radiation in a half-space can be, for example by means of monopoles, dipoles or patches with conductive planes or slots.
  • Such Realization has the disadvantage that directly below no power is available to the antenna, however with specially shaped lens antenna this disadvantage is eliminated can be. Is the non-directional appearance constructive been set up, but it can be in the known antenna arrangements no longer in a directed broadcast switch.
  • the directional broadcast can be e.g. with array antennas, which consist of horns, dipoles or patches, realize.
  • array antennas which consist of horns, dipoles or patches.
  • the network is fixed, so that the antenna characteristic generally does not change can be.
  • a pivoting of the initially fixed Antenna beam can be made by inserting switchable detour lines can be realized, and also addressing everyone individual element may be possible. With the individual response the cost of each element increases significantly, however can generate almost any antenna characteristic become.
  • the invention has for its object an antenna, preferably for the interior, the generic type too create that easily between nationwide and directional antenna characteristic is switchable, and to provide a method for operating such an antenna.
  • an antenna comprises a base body with a Variety of radiating antenna elements, the Base body in the form of a cylinder with an attached polyhedron and each polyhedron surface has an antenna element.
  • the attached polyhedron is preferably formed by a truncated cone formed, depending on the number of antenna elements used flattened on the sides (four, six, eight ...) is. This creates several flat surfaces, the fixed angular relationships to each other. The size of the angle will by calling for an optimal nationwide Characteristics, as well as after low radiation against the ceiling and walls given.
  • the entire network is on a continuous substrate manufactured. Thanks to the special base body apply the two-dimensional substrate three-dimensionally. The This can be done mainly on the cylindrical network Part will be housed, with the network consisting of a flexible Substrate is produced.
  • the individual radiant elements on the flattened Sides of the body are positioned over individual continuous conductor tracks fed.
  • the substrate is glued to the surface of the base body or screwed on. The correct positioning is ensured by bores in the base body and in the substrate.
  • Determining the direction from which the terminal station is sending can be done simply by measuring the individual elements. To complex signal processing, as in known Antennas is necessary, can therefore be dispensed with.
  • the number of radiating elements used is arbitrary. The more elements are used, the more directed radiation lobes can be set up. As radiant elements can directly- as well as radiation-coupled patch elements or broadband dipoles can be used. So that can the relative frequency bandwidth and the polarization of the antenna adapt to the required specification. By a simultaneous excitation of several patches can be additional Form antenna lobes, with which an adaptation to the spatial conditions or to the requirements of the communication network is possible during operation.
  • the antenna can not only at base stations, but because of their cost-effectiveness can also be used at terminals.
  • the Switching logic can be integrated directly on the HF substrate.
  • the individual radiating elements can with higher performance.
  • An external switch board is with the antenna board over several RF lines connected.
  • the digital logic is also on this switch board realized and the switching signals are sent to the Hand over the antenna board.
  • the antenna has a base body G which consists of a cylindrical part Z and a part placed thereon Truncated cone K exists. In the most general form of The antenna becomes a corresponding polyhedron instead of the truncated cone K used.
  • the truncated cone K has in the embodiment 1 four flattenings (or six, eight, ...) according to the number of radiating elements, whereby only the radiating elements E1 and E2 are shown are visible.
  • On top of the truncated cone K is another one Surface essentially perpendicular to the truncated cone axis arranged, which also has a radiating element E5.
  • the spatial positioning of the radiating elements E1, E2, ..., E5 is ensured by the base body G.
  • the polarization of the antenna is due to the orientation with the radiating elements E1, E2, ..., E5 on the base body G are attached, and by the choice of elements fixed.
  • radiating elements E1, E2, ..., E5 can all structures that can be made planar, e.g. Patch or Dipoles are used. It is also on the cylindrical Part Z of the base body G applied a substrate S, which Contains supply network for the radiating elements.
  • FIG. 2 shows an overview of a communication system under Use of an antenna according to Fig. 1 presented.
  • the antenna not separately here is used at the base station BS.
  • the antenna is mounted on a ceiling and should have a direct line of sight to the terminals shown T1, T2, T3, T4, Tn. Possibly due to a Obstacle H a reflector R can be used like this is the case for Terminal T4.
  • the antenna communicates with an indefinite number n of terminals. Their positions can change during communication.
  • Downlink DL contains data D from the base station BS to the terminals T1, T2, ..., Tn. It sends information that is common to all terminals are important and are called broadcast BC namely in time slot 0, as well as those that are only for individual Terminals are determined, namely data D in the time slots D1, D2, D3, etc.
  • broadcast BC For the broadcast BC case in the time slot 0 a nationwide broadcast is necessary.
  • a directed radiation offers the advantage that Reflections and fading effects are reduced, in the uplink UL becomes data D directly from the terminals to the base station transfer.
  • Each terminal sends on its own time slot U1, U2, U3, ... data D. Since known at the base station BS is where the individual terminals are, is for time slots U1, U2, U3, ... a directional antenna characteristic used.
  • a random access channel RAC with time slots R1, R2, R3, ... of the frame enables the booking new terminals at the base station BS. Because at the base station BS this time is not known where the individual terminals must stand for time slots R1, R2, R3, ... with the nationwide Antenna characteristics are worked.
  • Terminal T3 has listened to time slot 0 and is logging on the base station BS in time slot R1.
  • Base station BS receives with omnidirectional, i.e. nationwide, characteristic and finds that the signal from Terminal T3 with antenna element E3 is best received.
  • T2 moves from sector 2 to sector during transmission 1. Even if ES receives on E2, the reception level or the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Information) of the others Antenna elements evaluated. BS now notes that the Receive signal from T2 to E1 becomes stronger than to E2. in the next frame then E1 is used for T2. A variant is the introduction of a hysteresis regarding the reception power the antenna branches to avoid switching too often. This ensures that the terminals are adjusted accordingly.
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength Information
  • FIG. 5 shows a network which is used for small radio cells, where only a few participants are addressed must be easy to implement.
  • Wilkinson divider W1, ..., W3 a constant power output of the individual radiating elements E1, ..., E4 independently ensured by the operating mode.
  • the digital circuit arrangement to control the individual switches S1, ..., S4 can be integrated directly on the HF substrate. Through the control the corresponding switches S1, ..., S4 can also several radiating elements E1, ..., E4 excited simultaneously become, whereby additional directional lobes can be formed.
  • FIG. 6 a network is shown that is more suitable is when very many different characteristics are formed should be, or if in the directional radiation as much power as possible should be available.
  • the individual radiating elements E1, ..., E6 each with operated at maximum power.
  • the effort that went into it is slightly higher because of an additional one Circuit board for the digital part, as well as for a first one HF switching step (1 on 4 - switch in the upper left part 6) and several RF feed lines 1, ..., 4 are required.
  • the radiating elements E1, ..., E6 can only be operated individually or in combination switches at the distribution points T1, ..., T3, for example or Wilkinson divider can be used.
  • the networks are designed that the line lengths to the radiating elements for the omnidirectional characteristics are all the same length, so in order Exclude phase errors caused by different lengths Paths are caused.
  • Length differences of the lines of multiples of the wavelength use this is possible as long as the frequency bandwidth is low, and the omnidirectional characteristic over the frequency range within that for the respective application specified specifications remains.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP00116905A 1999-08-14 2000-08-05 Antenne intérieure à caractéristique d' antenne variable pour la communication avec débit de données élevé Ceased EP1077508A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999138643 DE19938643A1 (de) 1999-08-14 1999-08-14 Innenraum-Antenne für die Kommunikation mit hohen Datenraten und mit änderbarer Antennencharakteristik
DE19938643 1999-08-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1077508A2 true EP1077508A2 (fr) 2001-02-21
EP1077508A3 EP1077508A3 (fr) 2003-11-12

Family

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EP00116905A Ceased EP1077508A3 (fr) 1999-08-14 2000-08-05 Antenne intérieure à caractéristique d' antenne variable pour la communication avec débit de données élevé

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1077508A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE19938643A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007136290A1 (fr) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Intel Corporation Système de communication par ondes millimétriques doté d'une antenne directionnelle et d'un ou plusieurs réflecteurs d'ondes millimétriques
US8193994B2 (en) 2006-05-23 2012-06-05 Intel Corporation Millimeter-wave chip-lens array antenna systems for wireless networks
US8320942B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2012-11-27 Intel Corporation Wireless device with directional antennas for use in millimeter-wave peer-to-peer networks and methods for adaptive beam steering
ITPI20120107A1 (it) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-25 Polab S R L Dispositivo per rivelare campi elettromagnetici a radiofrequenza
US9761934B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2017-09-12 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
WO2021240214A1 (fr) * 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Solution d'antenne pour systèmes à ondes millimétriques

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995009490A1 (fr) * 1993-09-27 1995-04-06 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Utilisation de deux categories de canaux de capacite differente

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5012469A (en) * 1988-07-29 1991-04-30 Karamvir Sardana Adaptive hybrid multiple access protocols
ATE172060T1 (de) * 1991-11-08 1998-10-15 Teledesic Llc Bodenantennen für satellitenkommunikationssystem
GB2281009B (en) * 1993-08-12 1998-04-08 Northern Telecom Ltd Base station antenna arrangement
SG52706A1 (en) * 1993-11-01 1998-09-28 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Automatic retransmission request
US5552798A (en) * 1994-08-23 1996-09-03 Globalstar L.P. Antenna for multipath satellite communication links
EP0843905B1 (fr) * 1995-08-09 2004-12-01 Fractal Antenna Systems Inc. Antennes fractales, resonateurs fractals et elements de charge fractals

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995009490A1 (fr) * 1993-09-27 1995-04-06 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Utilisation de deux categories de canaux de capacite differente

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9761934B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2017-09-12 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US10056682B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2018-08-21 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
WO2007136290A1 (fr) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Intel Corporation Système de communication par ondes millimétriques doté d'une antenne directionnelle et d'un ou plusieurs réflecteurs d'ondes millimétriques
US8149178B2 (en) 2006-05-23 2012-04-03 Intel Corporation Millimeter-wave communication system with directional antenna and one or more millimeter-wave reflectors
US8193994B2 (en) 2006-05-23 2012-06-05 Intel Corporation Millimeter-wave chip-lens array antenna systems for wireless networks
US8395558B2 (en) 2006-05-23 2013-03-12 Intel Corporation Millimeter-wave reflector antenna system and methods for communicating using millimeter-wave signals
US8320942B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2012-11-27 Intel Corporation Wireless device with directional antennas for use in millimeter-wave peer-to-peer networks and methods for adaptive beam steering
ITPI20120107A1 (it) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-25 Polab S R L Dispositivo per rivelare campi elettromagnetici a radiofrequenza
WO2014064646A3 (fr) * 2012-10-24 2014-06-19 Polab S.R.L. Dispositif pouvant détecter dans l'environnement des champs électromagnétiques de fréquence radio
WO2021240214A1 (fr) * 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Solution d'antenne pour systèmes à ondes millimétriques

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Publication number Publication date
EP1077508A3 (fr) 2003-11-12
DE19938643A1 (de) 2001-03-22

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