EP1071831A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von faserverstärkten metallischen bauteilen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von faserverstärkten metallischen bauteilenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1071831A1 EP1071831A1 EP00904850A EP00904850A EP1071831A1 EP 1071831 A1 EP1071831 A1 EP 1071831A1 EP 00904850 A EP00904850 A EP 00904850A EP 00904850 A EP00904850 A EP 00904850A EP 1071831 A1 EP1071831 A1 EP 1071831A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- metallic
- fiber
- profile piece
- sic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 wires Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/025—Aligning or orienting the fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/04—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of turbine blades
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
- C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
- C22C47/064—Winding wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
- C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
- C22C47/068—Aligning wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/20—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by subjecting to pressure and heat an assembly comprising at least one metal layer or sheet and one layer of fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing fiber-reinforced metallic components with complex, spatial geometry, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- SiC fibers are well known. In combination with their thermal resilience, these predestine the ceramic SiC fibers as reinforcing elements for metallic materials. With regard to an intimate, load-transmitting connection between the ceramic fiber and the metallic matrix, the fiber must be provided in advance with a firmly adhering surface coating made of a metal which is identical or at least “related” to the component material, with regard to the subsequent one Diffusion connection / welding.
- the fiber coating is usually carried out using the PVD process, especially by magnetron sputtering.
- MMCs metal matrix composites
- SiC fibers are produced as long or “endless fibers” with lengths of up to about 40 km, whereby in construction practice mostly fragments / sections of, for example, 150 m in length are processed.
- a preferred fiber diameter is about 100 ⁇ m.
- a certain disadvantage of The stiff SiC fiber is sensitive to kinking, which is why it can only be bent with relatively large radii.
- the minimum bending radius for said 100 ⁇ m fibers is about 2.5 cm. Because of the long fiber length, it is possible to advantageously reinforce them using winding technology Components have to be applied, of course taking into account the fiber-specific minimum bending radius.
- contoured Components such as lids, sleeves, pipes, discs, etc.
- flexible or pourable elements such as foils, wires, powder, etc.
- titanium and its alloys occupy a preferred position among the metals to be reinforced. See, for example, DE-PS 43 24 755.
- SiC fiber-reinforced components are practically always easier to build than corresponding components that consist only of metal. This in turn predestines "MMC's" with SiC reinforcement for use in high-speed rotors of all kinds.
- the fiber content that can currently be achieved in the reinforcement area is approximately 40% by volume.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing SiC fiber-reinforced metallic components, which enables the production of defined fiber reinforcements in a reproducible and economical manner, particularly in the case of more complex, three-dimensional geometries, and thus the use of the MMC technology in complex shapes Makes components really useful for the first time.
- This object is achieved by the method steps A to C characterized in claim 1, in conjunction with the generic features in its preamble.
- the principle of the invention is that the fiber reinforcement is applied to a metallic profile piece with simple geometry and is held by means of a metallic counterpart, that the unit consisting of profile piece, fibers and counterpart with still “loose” fibers is plastically formed into the complex final shape and only then
- the steps of plastic forming and consolidation take place at least largely separately one after the other in the same device / within the same molds, the process parameters pressure, temperature and time being controlled accordingly there is no finished component yet, so that further manufacturing steps, for example machining or joining technology, follow.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a fiber-coated profile piece with a counterpart
- FIG. 2 shows a section through two molding tools with a unit that is still to be deformed
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram with the temporal pressure and temperature curve during the forming and consolidation, as well as a section comparable to FIG. 2 with a deformed and consolidated part
- FIG. 4 shows a rotatable carrier with several, fiber-wound profile pieces
- FIG. 5 shows two consolidated parts to be connected to form a hollow airfoil
- 6 shows the airfoil joined from the parts according to FIG. 5.
- the geometrically simple, metallic profile piece 1 in FIG. 1 is formed by a U-profile with a flat base area and with low, vertical legs. It is already covered with metal-coated SiC fibers 4 - more precisely with pieces of one or a few SiC long fibers - and is to be “closed” by means of the lid-like, metallic counterpart 2, for which the latter is done, for example, by spot welding on the legs of the profile piece 1
- the counterpart 7 is intended to hold the SiC fibers 4 in their desired position as freely as possible, so that the metallic fiber surfaces remain longitudinally displaceable with little friction relative to one another and relative to adjacent profile surfaces, which is important for the subsequent forming Fibers can - at least partially - be filled with metal powder (not shown), which may facilitate and improve later consolidation.
- Figure 2 shows a still flat unit 10 made of profile piece 2, SiC fibers 5 and counterpart 8, which is inserted between two molds 12J 3 with similarly convex / concave curved contact surfaces.
- the molds 12, 13 belong to a hot press (not shown), the work space of which can be evacuated and heated (character “T” for temperature).
- the arrows above and below the molds 12, 13 including the character “p” symbolize the pressure, whereby at least one molding tool is designed to be movable in the direction of the arrow - and vice versa.
- the contact surfaces of the molding tools 12, 13, which are shown here as simply curved due to the clarity, will in reality usually have more complex, three-dimensional shapes, as are required, for example, in gas turbine engine blades.
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram on the left with the courses of pressure (p) and temperature (T) over time for the two process steps "forming” and “consolidation”, which are carried out one after the other in the same device.
- the pressure and temperature curves tend to be uniform, which is not always the case.
- the molds 12, 13 come into contact with one another with a defined pressure / force to be moved until the unit 10 is completely plastically formed, that is to say over the entire surface of the contact surfaces of the molding tools 12, 13.
- FIG. 4 shows a particularly economical method for providing several profile pieces 3 simultaneously with a fiber covering.
- the "trick" is to arrange several profile pieces 3 on the circumference of a wheel-shaped, rotatable carrier 14 in such a way that the desired fiber direction of each profile piece 3 is tangential Profile pieces 3 can be flat or - relatively simple - curved.
- the metallic counterparts 9 are applied and fixed, so that the SiC fibers are held in place.
- Figures 5 and 6 relate specifically to the manufacture of hollow titanium blades for gas turbines in axial design.
- Figure 5 shows two separate, already formed and consolidated parts 1 1, 15 made of titanium or titanium alloy with integrated SiC fiber reinforcement.
- the fiber orientation and assignment is adapted to the later operating conditions, whereby the fiber direction can be unidirectional or multiple oriented. With blades, the fibers predominantly run in the direction of the centrifugal force, ie radially, with guide blades, other and multiple fiber orientations can be advantageous, for example in order to counteract vibration forms in a targeted manner.
- the plate-shaped parts 1 1, 15 are curved to different degrees in order to form a hollow flow profile after the joining.
- the reference symbol R with arrow indicates that the curvature can follow an arc of a circle in the simplest case. Depending on the fluidic requirements, largely any spatial curvature curves can be realized.
- Parts 11 and 15 have metallic surfaces which can be integrally connected in various ways, in particular by welding and soldering. For titanium and its alloys there are now solders and soldering processes that enable connections that are equal in strength to the component material.
- Figure ⁇ shows in this sense a hollow airfoil 16, which is joined by soldering the two parts 1 1 and 15.
- the solder joints are located in the area of the blade entry and exit edges and are designated by 17 and 18.
- a blade longitudinal axis preferably the stack axis running through the profile focal points, is recognizable as a vertical arrow Z.
- the axis Z extends at least predominantly radially, starting from the longitudinal central axis of the gas turbine, which can also be an aircraft engine. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the illustrated airfoil 16 is not yet ready for installation. Connection and functional elements are missing, e.g.
- a blade root with or without a platform an inner and outer cover band segment in the case of a guide blade, a wear-resistant blade tip, etc.
- These elements consist wholly or partly of a comparable metal, in particular a titanium alloy, and can contain ceramic fibers and / or particles.
- the elements can consist of various alloys which are best adapted to the local operating conditions. Criteria such as titanium fire resistance, wear resistance etc. play a role here.
- the integral integration is preferably also carried out by soldering.
- This hollow blade concept can of course also be applied to other, fiber-reinforced metals, e.g. based on iron, nickel or cobalt (Fe, Ni, Co).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19905100 | 1999-02-09 | ||
| DE19905100 | 1999-02-09 | ||
| PCT/DE2000/000246 WO2000047792A1 (de) | 1999-02-09 | 2000-02-08 | Verfahren zur herstellung von faserverstärkten metallischen bauteilen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1071831A1 true EP1071831A1 (de) | 2001-01-31 |
| EP1071831B1 EP1071831B1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=7896797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00904850A Expired - Lifetime EP1071831B1 (de) | 1999-02-09 | 2000-02-08 | Verfahren zur herstellung von faserverstärkten metallischen bauteilen |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6698645B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1071831B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2002541319A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10005250B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000047792A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0324810D0 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2003-11-26 | Rolls Royce Plc | A method of manufacturing a fibre reinforced metal matrix composite article |
| FR2886291B1 (fr) * | 2005-05-27 | 2007-07-13 | Snecma Moteurs Sa | Procede de fabrication d'un insert bobine de fils enduits |
| US7371049B2 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2008-05-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Manufacturable and inspectable microcircuit cooling for blades |
| US7766623B2 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2010-08-03 | General Electric Company | System for manufacturing a rotor having an MMC ring component and an airfoil component having monolithic airfoils |
| US7784182B2 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2010-08-31 | General Electric Company | System for manufacturing a rotor having an MMC ring component and a unitary airfoil component |
| US7775772B2 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2010-08-17 | General Electric Company | System for manufacturing a rotor having an MMC ring component and an airfoil component having MMC airfoils |
| FR2919284B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-09-24 | Snecma | Piece mecanique comportant un insert en materiau composite. |
| FR2919283B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-09-17 | Snecma | Piece mecanique comportant un insert en materiau composite. |
| FR2925896B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-28 | 2010-02-05 | Messier Dowty Sa | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique renforcee de fibres ceramiques |
| EP2083154A1 (de) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-07-29 | Technische Universiteit Eindhoven | Lufteinlasssystem für Verbrennungsmotoren, Klimaanlage und Verbrennungsmotor mit dem Lufteinlasssystem |
| FR2933422B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-04 | 2011-05-13 | Messier Dowty Sa | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique comportant des renforts internes formes de fibres ceramiques |
| US8178212B2 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2012-05-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Functionally graded high temperature bonding of fiberglass fibers to steel |
| US8371810B2 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2013-02-12 | General Electric Company | Duct member based nozzle for turbine |
| FR2953859B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-16 | 2013-12-20 | Snecma | Procede de fabrication d'un insert de forme droite en materiau composite a matrice metallique |
| CN101787505B (zh) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-12-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | 一种连续纤维增强钛基复合材料制备方法 |
| FR2971961B1 (fr) * | 2011-02-25 | 2014-06-13 | Snecma | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique |
| CN103429780B (zh) * | 2011-03-01 | 2017-05-17 | 斯奈克玛 | 用于制造金属部件,诸如涡轮发动机叶片加强件的方法 |
| FR2972124B1 (fr) | 2011-03-01 | 2014-05-16 | Snecma | Procede de realisation d'une piece metallique telle qu'un renfort d'aube de turbomachine |
| ITCO20110060A1 (it) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-13 | Nuovo Pignone Spa | Turbina a vapore, paletta e metodo |
| FR3039839B1 (fr) * | 2015-08-06 | 2019-12-20 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en materiau composite |
| FR3105039B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-12-10 | Safran | Procédé de fabrication d’une roue aubagée de turbomachine composite à renfort céramique |
| CN115094353B (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-05-23 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | 基于偏压的降低钛基复合材料成型温度的方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3538593A (en) | 1965-12-13 | 1970-11-10 | North American Rockwell | Method of making composite structure |
| US3748721A (en) | 1970-03-18 | 1973-07-31 | Trw Inc | Method of making composites |
| DE2226863A1 (de) * | 1972-06-02 | 1973-12-20 | Felten & Guilleaume Kabelwerk | Verfahren zur herstellung von durch einlagen von faserstrukturen verstaerkten metallwerkstoffen |
| JPS6010100B2 (ja) * | 1976-01-29 | 1985-03-15 | 東北大学金属材料研究所長 | シリコンカ−バイド繊維強化コバルト基複合材料の製造方法 |
| JPS5547335A (en) | 1978-09-27 | 1980-04-03 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of fiber reinforced metal based composite material |
| FR2694931B1 (fr) | 1992-07-15 | 1996-10-25 | Aerospatiale | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en materiau composite a matrice non organique. |
| DE4324755C1 (de) * | 1993-07-23 | 1994-09-22 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung faserverstärkter Triebwerkskomponenten |
| DE4335558A1 (de) | 1993-10-19 | 1995-04-20 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Verfahren zum Herstellen von langfaserverstärkten Bauteilen |
| DE4335557C1 (de) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-02-02 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Verfahren zum Herstellen von langfaserverstärkten Bauteilen |
-
2000
- 2000-02-06 DE DE10005250A patent/DE10005250B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-08 US US09/673,061 patent/US6698645B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-02-08 WO PCT/DE2000/000246 patent/WO2000047792A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2000-02-08 EP EP00904850A patent/EP1071831B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-08 JP JP2000598684A patent/JP2002541319A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-08 DE DE50007966T patent/DE50007966D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0047792A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000047792A1 (de) | 2000-08-17 |
| DE50007966D1 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
| DE10005250A1 (de) | 2000-08-10 |
| JP2002541319A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
| DE10005250B4 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
| US6698645B1 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
| EP1071831B1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
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