EP1071521A1 - Method and device for smoothing a deposit of divided solid materials - Google Patents

Method and device for smoothing a deposit of divided solid materials

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Publication number
EP1071521A1
EP1071521A1 EP99917823A EP99917823A EP1071521A1 EP 1071521 A1 EP1071521 A1 EP 1071521A1 EP 99917823 A EP99917823 A EP 99917823A EP 99917823 A EP99917823 A EP 99917823A EP 1071521 A1 EP1071521 A1 EP 1071521A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
movement
solid materials
divided solid
deposited
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99917823A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1071521B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Lemoine
Albert Roussel
René Duforest
François NAUDIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tarkett Sommer SA
Original Assignee
Tarkett Sommer SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tarkett Sommer SA filed Critical Tarkett Sommer SA
Priority to EP99917823A priority Critical patent/EP1071521B1/en
Publication of EP1071521A1 publication Critical patent/EP1071521A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1071521B1 publication Critical patent/EP1071521B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
    • B05D2401/30—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant
    • B05D2401/32—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant applied as powders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to both a method and a device which make it possible to smooth, that is to say to level, products made from divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, and in the form of regular or irregular "heaps" deposited on a mobile support.
  • an important category is represented by coverings formed in the form of a relatively thick sheet made of a material 2
  • New techniques have also been proposed which aim to dispense with the use of a rolling mill. For this purpose, it has been proposed to use chips or particles embedded in a binder which is coated on a support. According to another method, a bed of chips is deposited and the binder is then deposited on the decoration consisting of the chips. 3
  • the Applicant has in particular developed a process for producing a decoration using localized deposits of solid particles or powders carried out using rotary frames. This process is particularly well described in patent applications FR-A-2542260 and FR-A-2548093. Within the framework of the process described above, it was possible to develop different ranges of products by varying the quantities of powder deposited by gravity by acting on the following parameters:
  • the present invention aims to avoid the drawbacks of conventional smoothing techniques when depositing products in the form of a divided solid. More particularly, the present invention aims to propose a process for smoothing the materials listed above deposited in the form of small regular or irregular heaps on a support moving in principle at constant speed in order to obtain a more uniform, smoother and upgraded.
  • the main aim sought is to obtain a layer on the support which can be both thin and thick but which must necessarily be regular, uniform and free of relief, starting from a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture of products deposited in the form of regular or irregular heaps, these products being in a solid and divided state. These products may be of the same or different nature, texture and particle size. 5
  • An additional aim of the present invention is to propose a method and a device which make it possible to avoid excessive deformation of the final decoration obtained by depositing the materials in the form of a heap.
  • a first object of the present invention is to propose a process for smoothing divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, deposited in the form of small regular or irregular heaps on an essentially horizontal support movable in the direction of the 'advance (and which corresponds to the direction of scrolling).
  • This horizontal support can be a film or directly the conveyor belt on which the deposition of the divided solid materials is carried out.
  • a first essential characteristic of this process lies in the fact that said essentially horizontal support on which the materials are deposited in the form of small heaps is driven by an alternating oscillatory movement, said movement being applied uniformly over the entire width of said support.
  • the direction of the alternating oscillatory movement is transverse with respect to the direction of advance, 6
  • this direction is parallel to the direction of advance, the reciprocating oscillatory movement taking place longitudinally with respect to the movement of the support and this also in the essentially horizontal plane of the support.
  • the direction is perpendicular to the plane of the support. This means that the movement will take place vertically with respect to the support, which is itself essentially horizontal.
  • the support that is to say the film or the conveyor belt, is tensioned or is prestressed in its zone of elasticity. This tensioning or prestressing must above all be carried out in the direction of advance. This means that it is envisaged to carry out the tensioning or prestressing of the support longitudinally.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a device for smoothing divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, deposited in the form of regular or irregular heaps on an essentially horizontal support and moving in the direction of 'advanced.
  • This device comprises a conveyor belt which can be directly the above-mentioned horizontal support or which can serve as a means of transport to said horizontal support constituted by a film on which the deposition is carried out.
  • the device is provided with means making it possible to perform an alternating oscillatory movement of the support.
  • These means can for example comprise a table on which the conveyor belt or even the film moves and which performs the required oscillatory reciprocating movement controlled for example by a connecting rod - crank system.
  • the means must be provided so that the movement is applied uniformly over the entire width of the support.
  • the device comprises the necessary means for tensioning or prestressing the horizontal support in its zone of elasticity preferably 8
  • the device also includes means which make it possible to avoid any flapping of the support outside the implementation zone in order to prevent the transmission of the alternating oscillatory movement upstream and downstream.
  • Reciprocating oscillatory movement means a movement which takes place by returning to the starting point. It is not a vibratory movement which is a movement generated by a succession of shocks.
  • a final object of the present invention relates to the product obtained by the process or the device according to the invention, having a design, possibly geometric, almost identical to the initial design and obtained from divided solid materials, and having little or no relief.
  • FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a device intended for the implementation of a process for smoothing pulverulent products according to the present invention in the case of deposition on a film.
  • FIG. 2 represents a side section view of the device represented in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 represents a sectional view from above of the device represented in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 represents a view in longitudinal section along the axis III-III of the device represented in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of the device intended for the implementation of a process for smoothing pulverulent products in the case of deposition directly on the conveyor belt.
  • FIG. 6 represents a side sectional view of the device represented in FIG. 5.
  • Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 relate to a device for smoothing divided solid materials deposited on a film
  • Figures 5 and 6 relate to a device for smoothing powdery materials directly deposited on the conveyor belt.
  • film is used as opposed to the term “strip” to indicate that the support is a self-supporting film (10) on which the pulverulent materials are deposited while the strip (100) is directly the conveyor belt on which the powdery materials are deposited.
  • the film or the tape constitutes an essentially horizontal support integrated into the production line which circulates in the direction of advance necessarily at a speed in principle constant defined by the production speed of the line.
  • the divided solid materials are deposited using one or more distributor (s) (1, 2, 3 and 4) on a film (10) or on a strip (100 ) which are driven at a constant speed by a conveyor (5) in the running direction represented by the unidirectional arrow.
  • the device is equipped with several vacuum tables, and more precisely three vacuum tables (20, 21 and 22).
  • a single vacuum table (22) is proposed.
  • This table or the central table (22) is provided with a device (6) which makes it possible to carry out an alternating oscillatory movement, preferably of small amplitude.
  • the frequency of the oscillatory movement is preferably adjustable and can be between 5 and 500 Hz depending on the nature of the deposit, but also according to the direction in which this alternating oscillatory movement will take place.
  • This oscillatory movement is carried out in a conventional manner using a connecting rod-crank system shown in more detail in FIG. 4.
  • An eccentric (60) transmits the movement to a connecting rod (61), itself 11
  • the horizontal support consisting either of the film (10) as shown in FIG. 1, or of the strip (100) as shown in FIG. 5, is kept under tension.
  • Several possibilities for carrying out this tensioning of the support can be envisaged.
  • the support which must be an elastic support, will be tensioned in its elasticity zone.
  • the various heaps of powder collapse and level without significant modification of the decor.
  • the support then has a regular, uniform and uneven layer of powder. This layer is then agglomerated and fixed to the support by means known per se such as ovens or IR tunnels (70).
  • the product obtained is cooled, signed and wound up according to the embodiment shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 while it can optionally be transmitted on another support according to the embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for smoothing divided solid materials such as powdery products, powders and granules, deposited in the form of uniform or irregular heaps on a substantially horizontal support and mobile in the forward direction, characterised in that: said substantially horizontal support (10 or 100) is driven in an oscillating reciprocal motion, said motion being applied uniformly over said support whole width; and the support is tensioned or prestressed substantially in the forward direction.

Description

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE LISSAGE DE MATIERES SOLIDES PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR SMOOTHING SOLID MATERIALS
DIVISEESDIVIDED
Objet de l'inventionSubject of the invention
La présente invention concerne à la fois un procédé et un dispositif qui permettent de lisser, c'est-à- dire de mettre à niveau, des produits constitués à partir de matières solides divisées comme les produits pulvérulents, les poudres ou les granulés, et se présentant sous forme de "tas" réguliers ou irréguliers déposés sur un support mobile.The present invention relates to both a method and a device which make it possible to smooth, that is to say to level, products made from divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, and in the form of regular or irregular "heaps" deposited on a mobile support.
Arrière-plan technologiqueTechnological background
De nombreuses industries sont confrontées au problème du lissage de produits pulvérulents déposés sur un support qui est mobile. En particulier, on pourrait citer l'industrie cimentière, l'industrie boulangère, .... Plus particulièrement dans le domaine du revêtement de sol, ce type de problème apparaît lors du dépôt d'un matériau solide divisé comme une poudre sur un support en vue de la réalisation de décors.Many industries are faced with the problem of smoothing powdered products deposited on a support which is mobile. In particular, one could cite the cement industry, the baking industry, etc. More particularly in the field of floor covering, this type of problem appears when a solid material divided like a powder is deposited on a support. for the production of sets.
Plus spécifiquement, dans ce domaine du revêtement de sol synthétique, une catégorie importante est représentée par des revêtements constitués sous la forme d'une feuille relativement épaisse réalisée en un matériau 2More specifically, in this area of synthetic flooring, an important category is represented by coverings formed in the form of a relatively thick sheet made of a material 2
synthétique, et dont le décor est construit dans la masse. La caractéristique principale de ce type de produit doit être l'absence de variation du décor en fonction de l'usure. Ces produits sont en pratique destinés à être utilisés dans des locaux à trafic intense.synthetic, and whose decor is built in the mass. The main characteristic of this type of product must be the absence of variation of the decoration according to wear. These products are in practice intended for use in premises with heavy traffic.
Plusieurs procédés de réalisation de tels produits ont été proposés. Parmi ceux-ci, on peut citer la technique de laminage ou calandrage de matières solides ou pâteuses en vue de réaliser un décor solide. Néanmoins, selon ce mode de fabrication, on observe que les décors obtenus par cette technique présentent une orientation privilégiée dans le sens d'avance du produit sur la ligne de production.Several methods for producing such products have been proposed. Among these, there may be mentioned the technique of rolling or calendering solid or pasty materials in order to produce a solid decoration. However, according to this manufacturing method, it is observed that the decorations obtained by this technique have a preferred orientation in the direction of advance of the product on the production line.
En vue de limiter cet effet d'orientation, on a proposé d'utiliser un procédé de fabrication comportant plusieurs laminoirs successifs et disposés perpendiculairement les uns par rapport aux autres afin de réduire ce problème d'orientation privilégiée lors de la création du décor. D'autres travaux ont été réalisés sur des procédés améliorés d'incrustation de granulés ou d'éclats de matière entre deux laminoirs pour obtenir des dessins granités. On a également proposé l'enrobage de grains, qui permet d'obtenir des transitions de couleur très fines et particulièrement bien définies.In order to limit this orientation effect, it has been proposed to use a manufacturing process comprising several successive rolling mills and arranged perpendicularly to each other in order to reduce this problem of orientation preferred during the creation of the decoration. Other work has been carried out on improved methods of inlaying granules or pieces of material between two rolling mills to obtain granite designs. The coating of grains has also been proposed, which makes it possible to obtain very fine and particularly well-defined color transitions.
On a également proposé de nouvelles techniques qui visent à s'affranchir de l'utilisation d'un laminoir. Dans ce but, on a proposé d'utiliser des chips ou particules noyés dans un liant que l'on enduit sur un support. Selon un autre procédé, on dépose un lit de chips et on dépose ensuite le liant sur le décor constitué par les chips . 3New techniques have also been proposed which aim to dispense with the use of a rolling mill. For this purpose, it has been proposed to use chips or particles embedded in a binder which is coated on a support. According to another method, a bed of chips is deposited and the binder is then deposited on the decoration consisting of the chips. 3
Toutes ces techniques ont pour objectif de former un décor attractif en limitant les inconvénients d'orientation dus au sens de fabrication.The aim of all of these techniques is to form an attractive decor while limiting the orientation drawbacks due to the direction of manufacture.
La demanderesse a en particulier développé un procédé de réalisation d'un décor à l'aide de dépôts localisés de particules solides ou poudres effectués à l'aide de cadres rotatifs. Ce procédé est particulièrement bien décrit dans les demandes de brevet FR-A-2542260 et FR- A-2548093. Dans le cadre du procédé décrit ci-dessus, on a pu développer différentes gammes de produits en jouant sur les quantités de poudre déposées par gravité en agissant sur les paramètres suivants :The Applicant has in particular developed a process for producing a decoration using localized deposits of solid particles or powders carried out using rotary frames. This process is particularly well described in patent applications FR-A-2542260 and FR-A-2548093. Within the framework of the process described above, it was possible to develop different ranges of products by varying the quantities of powder deposited by gravity by acting on the following parameters:
- granulométrie des particules - dimension des mailles du cadre rotatif- particle size distribution - mesh size of the rotating frame
- ouverture des lèvres du distributeur- opening of the dispenser's lips
- qualité d'écoulement du solide- flow quality of the solid
- vitesse de rotation du cadre et d'avancement du produit- frame rotation speed and product advancement
On a ainsi pu obtenir un décor dans l'épaisseur du produit pouvant présenter un effet de profondeur en modifiant la translucidité des poudres utilisées. Ces procédés sont bien adaptés pour réaliser des imitations de pierres naturelles, par exemple à effet marbré. Cependant, on a encore observé que des problèmes peuvent surgir dans l'obtention d'une surface lisse à partir de plusieurs dépôts de poudre successifs. Du fait inhérent au principe d'écoulement des poudres, on observe que celles-ci vont se déposer sous forme de petits tas maintenant ainsi un certain relief dans le décor. On a proposé entre autres de comprimer, notamment verticalement, ces dépôts, mais on observe dans 4It was thus possible to obtain a decoration in the thickness of the product which may have a depth effect by modifying the translucency of the powders used. These methods are well suited for making imitations of natural stones, for example with a marbled effect. However, it has also been observed that problems can arise in obtaining a smooth surface from several successive powder deposits. Due to the inherent principle of the flow of powders, it is observed that they will deposit in the form of small heaps thus maintaining a certain relief in the decor. It has been proposed inter alia to compress, in particular vertically, these deposits, but we observe in 4
ce cas un compactage vertical et un très faible fluage latéral .in this case vertical compaction and very low lateral creep.
La mise à niveau des produits de ce type sur un support mobile souple défilant en principe à vitesse constante est traditionnellement effectuée par un laminage, soit en sortie d'une trémie maintenue constamment en charge de produits, soit par une lame racleuse ou un cylindre tournant. Cette technique ne permet pas de réaliser une couche régulière sans relief, le raclage des grains de poudre ou des granules créant des zones non couvertes de produit dans le cas d'une couche mince ou des phénomènes de lignage dans le cas d'une couche épaisse.The leveling of products of this type on a flexible movable support which in principle runs at constant speed is traditionally carried out by rolling, either at the outlet of a hopper kept constantly in charge of products, or by a scraper blade or a rotating cylinder. . This technique does not make it possible to produce a regular layer without relief, the scraping of the grains of powder or of the granules creating zones not covered with product in the case of a thin layer or lineage phenomena in the case of a thick layer .
Buts de l'invention La présente invention vise à éviter les inconvénients des techniques classiques de lissage lors du dépôt de produits se présentant sous la forme d'une matière solide divisée. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention vise à proposer un procédé de lissage des matières reprises ci-dessus déposées sous forme de petits tas réguliers ou irréguliers sur un support défilant en principe à vitesse constante en vue d'obtenir un dépôt plus uniforme, plus lisse et mis à niveau.AIMS OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to avoid the drawbacks of conventional smoothing techniques when depositing products in the form of a divided solid. More particularly, the present invention aims to propose a process for smoothing the materials listed above deposited in the form of small regular or irregular heaps on a support moving in principle at constant speed in order to obtain a more uniform, smoother and upgraded.
Le but principal recherché est d'obtenir sur le support une couche qui peut être aussi bien mince qu'épaisse mais qui doit nécessairement être régulière, uniforme et exempte de relief, au départ d'un mélange homogène ou hétérogène de produits déposés sous forme de tas réguliers ou irréguliers, ces produits étant à l'état solide et divisé. Ces produits peuvent être de nature, de texture et de granulométrie identiques ou différentes. 5The main aim sought is to obtain a layer on the support which can be both thin and thick but which must necessarily be regular, uniform and free of relief, starting from a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture of products deposited in the form of regular or irregular heaps, these products being in a solid and divided state. These products may be of the same or different nature, texture and particle size. 5
En plus de la régularité, de l'uniformité et de l'absence de relief, on cherche également à réduire les inconvénients dus au phénomène d'orientation privilégiée, tant dans le sens de l'avance du produit que perpendiculairement à celui-ci.In addition to the regularity, the uniformity and the absence of relief, one also seeks to reduce the disadvantages due to the phenomenon of privileged orientation, as well in the direction of the advance of the product as perpendicular to this one.
Un but complémentaire de la présente invention vise à proposer un procédé et un dispositif qui permettent d'éviter une déformation trop importante du décor final obtenu par le dépôt des matières sous forme de tas.An additional aim of the present invention is to propose a method and a device which make it possible to avoid excessive deformation of the final decoration obtained by depositing the materials in the form of a heap.
Description des principaux éléments caractéristiques de 1 ' inventionDescription of the main characteristic elements of the invention
Un premier objet de la présente invention vise à proposer un procédé de lissage de matières solides divisées telles que les produits pulvérulents, les poudres ou les granulés, déposées sous forme de petits tas réguliers ou irréguliers sur un support essentiellement horizontal mobile dans le sens de l'avance (et qui correspond à la direction de défilement) .A first object of the present invention is to propose a process for smoothing divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, deposited in the form of small regular or irregular heaps on an essentially horizontal support movable in the direction of the 'advance (and which corresponds to the direction of scrolling).
Ce support horizontal peut être un film ou directement la bande transporteuse sur lesquels est effectué le dépôt des matières solides divisées.This horizontal support can be a film or directly the conveyor belt on which the deposition of the divided solid materials is carried out.
Une première caractéristique essentielle de ce procédé réside dans le fait que ledit support essentiellement horizontal sur lequel sont déposées les matières sous forme de petits tas est animé d'un mouvement alternatif oscillatoire, ledit mouvement étant appliqué de manière uniforme sur toute la largeur dudit support. De préférence, selon une première forme d'exécution, la direction du mouvement alternatif oscillatoire est transversale par rapport au sens d'avance, 6A first essential characteristic of this process lies in the fact that said essentially horizontal support on which the materials are deposited in the form of small heaps is driven by an alternating oscillatory movement, said movement being applied uniformly over the entire width of said support. Preferably, according to a first embodiment, the direction of the alternating oscillatory movement is transverse with respect to the direction of advance, 6
c'est-à-dire que le mouvement s'effectuera perpendiculairement par rapport au défilement du support et ceci dans le plan essentiellement horizontal du support.that is to say that the movement will take place perpendicularly to the travel of the support and this in the essentially horizontal plane of the support.
Selon une seconde forme d'exécution, cette direction est parallèle au sens d'avance, le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire s 'effectuant longitudinalement par rapport au défilement du support et ceci également dans le plan essentiellement horizontal du support.According to a second embodiment, this direction is parallel to the direction of advance, the reciprocating oscillatory movement taking place longitudinally with respect to the movement of the support and this also in the essentially horizontal plane of the support.
Selon une troisième forme d'exécution, la direction est perpendiculaire au plan du support. Ceci signifie que le mouvement s'effectuera verticalement par rapport au support, qui est lui-même essentiellement horizontal .According to a third embodiment, the direction is perpendicular to the plane of the support. This means that the movement will take place vertically with respect to the support, which is itself essentially horizontal.
Selon d'autres formes d'exécution, on peut également envisager des mouvements alternatifs oscillatoires étant une combinaison des différentes formes d'exécution reprises ci-dessus. Par exemple le mouvement peut s'effectuer de manière oblique ou en diagonale ou encore même sous forme circulaire. Selon une seconde caractéristique importante de la présente invention, le support, c'est-à-dire le film ou la bande transporteuse, est mis sous tension ou est précontraint dans sa zone d'élasticité. Cette mise sous tension ou précontrainte doit surtout s'effectuer dans le sens de l'avance. Ceci signifie que l'on envisage de réaliser la mise sous tension ou précontrainte du support longitudinalement .According to other embodiments, it is also possible to envisage alternating oscillatory movements being a combination of the various embodiments mentioned above. For example, the movement can be performed obliquely or diagonally or even even in circular form. According to a second important characteristic of the present invention, the support, that is to say the film or the conveyor belt, is tensioned or is prestressed in its zone of elasticity. This tensioning or prestressing must above all be carried out in the direction of advance. This means that it is envisaged to carry out the tensioning or prestressing of the support longitudinally.
Selon une caractéristique avantageusement complémentaire, et en particulier selon les première et seconde formes d'exécution, on propose également d'empêcher que le support ne subisse un battement hors de la zone de mise en oeuvre du procédé, c'est-à-dire la zone en amont et 7According to an advantageously complementary characteristic, and in particular according to the first and second embodiments, it is also proposed to prevent the support from undergoing a flapping outside the zone of implementation of the method, that is to say the upstream area and 7
en aval de la zone où s'effectue le lissage à l'aide du dispositif générant le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire. Selon la première et la seconde formes d'exécution décrites ci -dessus, et dans lesquelles on réalise le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire et la mise sous tension dans le plan du support, il convient d'éviter que le support ne soit soumis à un mouvement perpendiculaire au plan horizontal .downstream of the area where smoothing is carried out using the device generating the alternating oscillatory movement. According to the first and second embodiments described above, and in which the oscillating reciprocating movement and the tensioning in the plane of the support are carried out, it is advisable to prevent the support from being subjected to a perpendicular movement. horizontally.
Un second objet de la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif de lissage de matières solides divisées telles que des produits pulvérulents, des poudres ou des granulés, déposées sous forme de tas réguliers ou irréguliers sur un support essentiellement horizontal et se déplaçant dans le sens d'avance. Ce dispositif comprend une bande transporteuse qui peut être directement le support horizontal susmentionné ou qui peut servir de moyen de transport audit support horizontal constitué par un film sur lequel est effectué le dépôt.A second object of the present invention is to provide a device for smoothing divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, deposited in the form of regular or irregular heaps on an essentially horizontal support and moving in the direction of 'advanced. This device comprises a conveyor belt which can be directly the above-mentioned horizontal support or which can serve as a means of transport to said horizontal support constituted by a film on which the deposition is carried out.
Selon une première caractéristique importante, le dispositif est muni de moyens permettant d'effectuer un mouvement alternatif oscillatoire du support . Ces moyens peuvent par exemple comprendre une table sur laquelle la bande transporteuse ou même le film se déplace et qui effectue le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire requis commandé par exemple par un système bielle - manivelle. En outre, il convient de noter que les moyens doivent être prévus pour que le mouvement soit appliqué de manière uniforme à toute la largeur du support.According to a first important characteristic, the device is provided with means making it possible to perform an alternating oscillatory movement of the support. These means can for example comprise a table on which the conveyor belt or even the film moves and which performs the required oscillatory reciprocating movement controlled for example by a connecting rod - crank system. In addition, it should be noted that the means must be provided so that the movement is applied uniformly over the entire width of the support.
Selon une autre caractéristique importante de la présente invention, le dispositif comporte les moyens nécessaires de mise sous tension ou de précontrainte du support horizontal dans sa zone d'élasticité de préférence 8According to another important characteristic of the present invention, the device comprises the necessary means for tensioning or prestressing the horizontal support in its zone of elasticity preferably 8
dans la direction de défilement. Ceci signifie que la mise sous tension s'effectue essentiellement longitudinalement.in the direction of travel. This means that the tensioning takes place essentially longitudinally.
Il suffit dans ce cas de proposer un dispositif d'entraînement dudit support qui permet d'entraîner celui - ci à une vitesse légèrement inférieure en amont par rapport à la vitesse de défilement en aval .In this case, it suffices to propose a device for driving said support which makes it possible to drive the latter at a speed slightly lower upstream relative to the speed of travel downstream.
Selon une caractéristique avantageusement complémentaire, le dispositif comporte également des moyens qui permettent d'éviter tout battement du support en dehors de la zone de mise en oeuvre en vue d'empêcher la transmission du mouvement alternatif oscillatoire en amont et en aval .According to an advantageously complementary characteristic, the device also includes means which make it possible to avoid any flapping of the support outside the implementation zone in order to prevent the transmission of the alternating oscillatory movement upstream and downstream.
Par "mouvement alternatif oscillatoire", on entend un mouvement qui s'effectue par un retour au point de départ. Il ne s'agit pas d'un mouvement vibratoire qui est un mouvement généré par une succession de chocs."Reciprocating oscillatory movement" means a movement which takes place by returning to the starting point. It is not a vibratory movement which is a movement generated by a succession of shocks.
Un dernier objet de la présente invention se rapporte au produit obtenu par le procédé ou le dispositif selon l'invention, présentant un dessin, éventuellement géométrique, presque identique au dessin initial et obtenu à partir de matières solides divisées, et ne présentant pas ou peu de relief.A final object of the present invention relates to the product obtained by the process or the device according to the invention, having a design, possibly geometric, almost identical to the initial design and obtained from divided solid materials, and having little or no relief.
Brève description des figures La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'un dispositif destiné à la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de lissage de produits pulvérulents selon la présente invention dans le cas d'un dépôt sur un film. La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe latérale du dispositif représenté à la figure 1. 9BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a device intended for the implementation of a process for smoothing pulverulent products according to the present invention in the case of deposition on a film. FIG. 2 represents a side section view of the device represented in FIG. 1. 9
La figure 3 représente une vue en coupe par le dessus du dispositif représenté à la figure 1.FIG. 3 represents a sectional view from above of the device represented in FIG. 1.
La figure 4 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale suivant l'axe III-III du dispositif représenté à la figure 1.FIG. 4 represents a view in longitudinal section along the axis III-III of the device represented in FIG. 1.
La figure 5 représente une vue en perspective du dispositif destiné à la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de lissage de produits pulvérulents dans le cas d'un dépôt directement sur la bande transporteuse.FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of the device intended for the implementation of a process for smoothing pulverulent products in the case of deposition directly on the conveyor belt.
La figure 6 représente une vue en coupe latérale du dispositif représenté à la figure 5.FIG. 6 represents a side sectional view of the device represented in FIG. 5.
Description de plusieurs formes d'exécution préférées de 1 ' inventionDescription of several preferred embodiments of the invention
Les figures 1, 2, 3 et 4 se rapportent à un dispositif de lissage de matières solides divisées déposées sur un film, tandis que les figures 5 et 6 se rapportent à un dispositif de lissage de matières pulvérulentes directement déposées sur la bande transporteuse.Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 relate to a device for smoothing divided solid materials deposited on a film, while Figures 5 and 6 relate to a device for smoothing powdery materials directly deposited on the conveyor belt.
Dans le cadre de la description qui suit, on utilise le terme "film" par opposition au terme "bande" pour indiquer que le support est un film (10) autonome sur lequel les matières pulvérulentes sont déposées tandis que la bande (100) est directement la bande transporteuse sur laquelle le dépôt des matières pulvérulentes est effectué.In the description which follows, the term "film" is used as opposed to the term "strip" to indicate that the support is a self-supporting film (10) on which the pulverulent materials are deposited while the strip (100) is directly the conveyor belt on which the powdery materials are deposited.
Dans un cas comme dans l'autre, le film ou la bande constitue un support essentiellement horizontal intégré à la ligne de production qui circule dans la direction d'avance nécessairement à une vitesse en principe constante définie par la vitesse de production de la ligne. 10In one case as in the other, the film or the tape constitutes an essentially horizontal support integrated into the production line which circulates in the direction of advance necessarily at a speed in principle constant defined by the production speed of the line. 10
Comme représenté aux figures 1 à 6, on effectue le dépôt des matières solides divisées à l'aide d'un ou plusieurs distributeur (s) (1, 2, 3 et 4) sur un film (10) ou sur une bande (100) qui sont entraînés à une vitesse constante par un transporteur (5) dans la direction de défilement représentée par la flèche unidirectionnelle.As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the divided solid materials are deposited using one or more distributor (s) (1, 2, 3 and 4) on a film (10) or on a strip (100 ) which are driven at a constant speed by a conveyor (5) in the running direction represented by the unidirectional arrow.
Plus précisément, dans le mode d'exécution représenté aux figures 1 à 4, le dispositif est équipé de plusieurs tables à vide, et plus précisément de trois tables à vide (20, 21 et 22) . Selon la forme d'exécution représentée aux figures 5 et 6, une seule table à vide (22) est proposée. Cette table ou la table centrale (22) est munie d'un dispositif (6) qui permet d'effectuer un mouvement alternatif oscillatoire, de préférence de faible amplitude. La fréquence du mouvement oscillatoire est de préférence ajustable et peut être comprise entre 5 et 500 Hz selon la nature du dépôt, mais également selon la direction dans laquelle ce mouvement alternatif oscillatoire va s'effectuer. Le choix de la fréquence et de l'amplitude, par les mouvements dynamiques qu'elles provoquent, permet l'étalement des matières du tas de façon que chaque particule ou grain vienne se placer par rapport aux autres dans les zones de surface du support de moindre abondance. Selon les deux formes d'exécution représentées aux figures 1 à 6, ce mouvement est réalisé dans le plan horizontal et de manière transversale à la direction de défilement du support (10 ou 100) .More specifically, in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4, the device is equipped with several vacuum tables, and more precisely three vacuum tables (20, 21 and 22). According to the embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6, a single vacuum table (22) is proposed. This table or the central table (22) is provided with a device (6) which makes it possible to carry out an alternating oscillatory movement, preferably of small amplitude. The frequency of the oscillatory movement is preferably adjustable and can be between 5 and 500 Hz depending on the nature of the deposit, but also according to the direction in which this alternating oscillatory movement will take place. The choice of the frequency and the amplitude, by the dynamic movements which they provoke, allows the spreading of the materials of the pile so that each particle or grain comes to be placed in relation to the others in the surface areas of the support. less abundance. According to the two embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 6, this movement is carried out in the horizontal plane and transversely to the direction of travel of the support (10 or 100).
Ce mouvement oscillatoire est réalisé de manière classique à l'aide d'un système bielle - manivelle représenté plus en détails à la figure 4. Un excentrique (60) transmet le mouvement à une bielle (61) , elle-même 11This oscillatory movement is carried out in a conventional manner using a connecting rod-crank system shown in more detail in FIG. 4. An eccentric (60) transmits the movement to a connecting rod (61), itself 11
reliée à un arbre (62) par l'intermédiaire d'une douille (63) . Cet arbre est fixé par deux de ses extrémités (64 et 65) directement à la table à vide centrale (22) . L'excentrique (60) permet ainsi d'imprimer un mouvement alternatif oscillatoire à ladite table, qui le transmet de manière uniforme au support (10 ou 100) .connected to a shaft (62) via a socket (63). This shaft is fixed by two of its ends (64 and 65) directly to the central vacuum table (22). The eccentric (60) thus makes it possible to impart an alternating oscillatory movement to said table, which transmits it uniformly to the support (10 or 100).
Il est bien entendu que selon d'autres formes d'exécution, un mouvement dans d'autres directions pourra être imprimé au support . Selon une autre caractéristique importante de la présente invention, le support horizontal constitué soit du film (10) ainsi que représenté à la figure 1, soit de la bande (100) ainsi que représenté à la figure 5, est maintenu sous tension. Plusieurs possibilités pour effectuer cette mise sous tension du support peuvent être envisagées. Selon une première forme d'exécution préférée, il suffit de prévoir une vitesse de rotation du cylindre (51) situé en aval de la bande transporteuse (5) légèrement supérieure à la vitesse de production. Selon une autre forme d'exécution, il suffit de prévoir une vitesse de rotation du cylindre (52) situé en amont de la bande transporteuse (5) légèrement inférieure à la vitesse de production. Dans ces deux cas, le support, qui doit être un support élastique, sera mis sous tension dans sa zone d'élasticité.It is understood that according to other embodiments, a movement in other directions can be printed on the support. According to another important characteristic of the present invention, the horizontal support consisting either of the film (10) as shown in FIG. 1, or of the strip (100) as shown in FIG. 5, is kept under tension. Several possibilities for carrying out this tensioning of the support can be envisaged. According to a first preferred embodiment, it suffices to provide a speed of rotation of the cylinder (51) located downstream of the conveyor belt (5) slightly greater than the production speed. According to another embodiment, it suffices to provide a speed of rotation of the cylinder (52) located upstream of the conveyor belt (5) slightly lower than the production speed. In these two cases, the support, which must be an elastic support, will be tensioned in its elasticity zone.
En outre, en vue d'éviter tout déplacement vertical du support horizontal mobile (10 ou 100) , il est nécessaire de prévoir des moyens qui maintiennent le support horizontal. A titre d'exemple, et en particulier de manière telle que représentée dans les diverses figures, on a proposé d'utiliser des tables (31 et 32) fixes et réglables en hauteur afin de maintenir le support 12In addition, in order to avoid any vertical displacement of the movable horizontal support (10 or 100), it is necessary to provide means which hold the horizontal support. By way of example, and in particular as shown in the various figures, it has been proposed to use tables (31 and 32) fixed and adjustable in height in order to maintain the support 12
horizontal mobile (10 ou 100) dans une position relativement coplanaire .horizontal movable (10 or 100) in a relatively coplanar position.
Avantageusement, sous l'effet du mouvement alternatif oscillatoire de la table centrale (22) , les différents tas de poudre s'affaissent et se mettent à niveau sans modification importante du décor. Le support présente alors une couche de poudre régulière, uniforme et sans relief. Cette couche est ensuite agglomérée et fixée au support par des moyens connus en soi tels que des fours ou tunnels IR (70) .Advantageously, under the effect of the alternating oscillatory movement of the central table (22), the various heaps of powder collapse and level without significant modification of the decor. The support then has a regular, uniform and uneven layer of powder. This layer is then agglomerated and fixed to the support by means known per se such as ovens or IR tunnels (70).
Ensuite, le produit obtenu est refroidi, émargé et enroulé selon la forme d'exécution représentée aux figures 1, 2, 3 et 4 tandis qu'il peut éventuellement être transmis sur un autre support selon la forme d'exécution représentée aux figures 5 et 6. Then, the product obtained is cooled, signed and wound up according to the embodiment shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 while it can optionally be transmitted on another support according to the embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Claims

13REVENDICATIONS 13 CLAIMS
1. Procédé de lissage de matières solides divisées telles que les produits pulvérulents, les poudres ou les granulés, déposées sous forme de tas réguliers ou irréguliers sur un support essentiellement horizontal et mobile dans le sens d'avance, caractérisé en ce que :1. A process for smoothing divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, deposited in the form of regular or irregular heaps on an essentially horizontal support which is movable in the direction of advance, characterized in that:
- ledit support (10 ou 100) essentiellement horizontal est animé d'un mouvement alternatif oscillatoire, ledit mouvement étant appliqué de manière uniforme sur toute la largeur dudit support, et en ce quesaid essentially horizontal support (10 or 100) is driven by an alternating oscillatory movement, said movement being applied uniformly over the entire width of said support, and in that
- le support est mis sous tension ou est précontraint essentiellement dans le sens d'avance.- the support is energized or is prestressed essentially in the direction of advance.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la mise sous tension ou précontrainte du support est effectuée dans la zone d'élasticité de celui-ci .2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensioning or prestressing of the support is carried out in the elasticity zone of the latter.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 , caractérisé en ce que le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire est effectué dans une direction transversale par rapport au sens d'avance.3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alternating oscillatory movement is carried out in a transverse direction relative to the direction of advance.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 , caractérisé en ce que le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire est effectué dans une direction parallèle par rapport au sens d ' avance . 4. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alternating oscillatory movement is carried out in a direction parallel to the direction of advance.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire est effectué dans une direction orthogonale au plan du support horizontal.5. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alternating oscillatory movement is carried out in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the horizontal support.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on évite que le support n'effectue un mouvement de battement en dehors de la zone de mise en oeuvre. 146. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support is prevented from effecting a flapping movement outside the implementation zone. 14
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le support essentiellement horizontal est soit un film sur lequel les matières solides divisées sont déposées, soit directement la bande transporteuse sur laquelle les matières solides divisées sont déposées.7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the essentially horizontal support is either a film on which the divided solid materials are deposited, or directly the conveyor belt on which the divided solid materials are deposited.
8. Dispositif de lissage de matières solides divisées telles que les produits pulvérulents, les poudres ou les granulés, déposées sous forme de tas réguliers ou irréguliers sur un support essentiellement horizontal et défilant dans la direction d'avance, caractérisé en ce que ce dispositif comprend des moyens permettant d'effectuer un mouvement alternatif oscillatoire du support ainsi que des moyens de mise sous tension ou de précontrainte dudit support .8. Device for smoothing divided solid materials such as pulverulent products, powders or granules, deposited in the form of regular or irregular heaps on an essentially horizontal support and running in the direction of advance, characterized in that this device comprises means for carrying out an alternating oscillatory movement of the support as well as means for tensioning or prestressing said support.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens permettant d'effectuer un mouvement alternatif oscillatoire comprennent une table sur laquelle le support se déplace et qui effectue le mouvement alternatif oscillatoire commandé par un système bielle - manivelle .9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the means for performing an oscillatory reciprocating movement comprise a table on which the support moves and which performs the reciprocating oscillatory movement controlled by a connecting rod - crank system.
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de mise sous tension ou de précontrainte du support sont réalisés à l'aide d'un dispositif d'entraînement dudit support, qui permet d'entraîner ledit support à une vitesse légèrement inférieure en amont par rapport à celle en aval.10. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the means for tensioning or prestressing the support are produced using a device for driving said support, which makes it possible to drive said support to a speed slightly lower upstream compared to that downstream.
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens permettant d'éviter tout mouvement verticalement.11. Device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that it comprises means making it possible to avoid any movement vertically.
12. Produit obtenu par le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ou par le dispositif 1512. Product obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or by the device 15
selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un dessin, éventuellement géométrique, presque identique au dessin initial et obtenu à partir de matières solides divisées, et ne présentant pas ou peu de relief. according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that it has a design, possibly geometric, almost identical to the initial design and obtained from divided solid materials, and having little or no relief.
EP99917823A 1998-04-10 1999-03-17 Method and device for smoothing a deposit of divided solid materials Expired - Lifetime EP1071521B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99917823A EP1071521B1 (en) 1998-04-10 1999-03-17 Method and device for smoothing a deposit of divided solid materials

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98201100 1998-04-10
EP98201100 1998-04-10
EP98202597 1998-07-31
EP98202597A EP0949012A1 (en) 1998-04-10 1998-07-31 Process and apparatus for smoothing deposits of solid particles
PCT/EP1999/001799 WO1999052652A1 (en) 1998-04-10 1999-03-17 Method and device for smoothing a deposit of divided solid materials
EP99917823A EP1071521B1 (en) 1998-04-10 1999-03-17 Method and device for smoothing a deposit of divided solid materials

Publications (2)

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EP1071521A1 true EP1071521A1 (en) 2001-01-31
EP1071521B1 EP1071521B1 (en) 2003-01-29

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EP98202597A Withdrawn EP0949012A1 (en) 1998-04-10 1998-07-31 Process and apparatus for smoothing deposits of solid particles
EP99917823A Expired - Lifetime EP1071521B1 (en) 1998-04-10 1999-03-17 Method and device for smoothing a deposit of divided solid materials

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EP98202597A Withdrawn EP0949012A1 (en) 1998-04-10 1998-07-31 Process and apparatus for smoothing deposits of solid particles

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AT (1) ATE231748T1 (en)
AU (1) AU3597099A (en)
CA (1) CA2312800A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69905148T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2188158T3 (en)
HU (1) HU224285B1 (en)
PL (1) PL343445A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999052652A1 (en)

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FR3097142B1 (en) * 2019-06-11 2022-05-27 Commissariat Energie Atomique Deposition process

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FR2349283A1 (en) * 1976-04-29 1977-11-25 Pirat Robert Machine to dust food items, esp. sausages, with powder - which is pneumatically recycled in totally enclosed conveyor tunnel
FR2358833A1 (en) * 1976-07-19 1978-02-17 Gougot Camille Machine to coat sausages with powder to simulate blooming - replaces five manual applicators and prevents atmos. pollution by powder
JPS57187071A (en) * 1981-05-13 1982-11-17 Toshiba Corp Paint film forming method

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ATE231748T1 (en) 2003-02-15
EP1071521B1 (en) 2003-01-29
CA2312800A1 (en) 1999-10-21
PL343445A1 (en) 2001-08-13
DE69905148D1 (en) 2003-03-06
HUP0101038A2 (en) 2001-07-30
ES2188158T3 (en) 2003-06-16
AU3597099A (en) 1999-11-01
EP0949012A1 (en) 1999-10-13
WO1999052652A1 (en) 1999-10-21
HU224285B1 (en) 2005-07-28
HUP0101038A3 (en) 2001-08-28
DE69905148T2 (en) 2004-02-19

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