EP1066441B1 - Motor vehicle hinge with a braking and holding function - Google Patents

Motor vehicle hinge with a braking and holding function Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1066441B1
EP1066441B1 EP99907298A EP99907298A EP1066441B1 EP 1066441 B1 EP1066441 B1 EP 1066441B1 EP 99907298 A EP99907298 A EP 99907298A EP 99907298 A EP99907298 A EP 99907298A EP 1066441 B1 EP1066441 B1 EP 1066441B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hinge
hinge pin
motor
steam
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99907298A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1066441A1 (en
Inventor
Lothar Brückner
Nils Magnus
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ED Scharwachter GmbH and Co KG
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ED Scharwachter GmbH and Co KG
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Priority claimed from DE19813520A external-priority patent/DE19813520A1/en
Application filed by ED Scharwachter GmbH and Co KG filed Critical ED Scharwachter GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1066441A1 publication Critical patent/EP1066441A1/en
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Publication of EP1066441B1 publication Critical patent/EP1066441B1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05DHINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D5/00Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
    • E05D5/10Pins, sockets or sleeves; Removable pins
    • E05D5/12Securing pins in sockets, movably or not
    • E05D5/121Screw-threaded pins
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05DHINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/08Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/082Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts with substantially radial friction, e.g. cylindrical friction surfaces
    • E05D11/084Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts with substantially radial friction, e.g. cylindrical friction surfaces the friction depending on direction of rotation or opening angle of the hinge
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/531Doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Motor vehicle hinge with braking and holding function according to the generic term of claim 1.
  • Motor vehicle door hinges equipped in this way are known from DE 44 06 824 A and are particularly distinguished Way out in that they allow the previously or conventionally door locks made by special components, Holding and locking functions for braking and locking a Vehicle door in the partial opening area, i.e. usually in an opening angle range between 20 and 70 ° opening angle.
  • a force of 50 N and if necessary also more demanding holding or Locking function is derived thereby from the fact that the hinge pin in conjunction with a complementary Formation of the hinge eye bore of the hinge eye of those Hinge half, in the hinge eye of which it is supported with a sliding seat Rounding of its cross-section deviating from the pure circular shape has, such that when pivoting the mutual the rounding deviations of the hinge pin diameter on both hinge halves and if necessary the hinge eye bore to each other Accumulation and elastic deformation of at least one of the two parts Hinge eye or hinge pin, preferably part of the wall thickness force the hinge eye.
  • the deformation force as a braking and holding force for the detection of the motor vehicle door in a selected, due to the geometric position of the rounding deviations, at least the hinge pin, certain partial opening position used.
  • the breakpoints are exactly adhered to in predetermined partial opening positions of the door become.
  • Deviating from the pure theory they result in their Sum of the braking and holding force for braking and determining the Forces in a certain partial opening position only for a part from the deformation work in the elastic material deformation, on the other hand, however, also from frictional forces that arise during the Set the relative movement of the interacting surfaces and to a large extent on the nature of these surfaces are dependent.
  • the selected stopping point of the door must therefore also be reached safely be that the conditions for the production of this forces used over the life of the hinge or not at least not change significantly.
  • Motor vehicle door hinges are not only mass-produced and, as such, cheap or at least inexpensive to manufacture, but also, depending on the operating conditions of the vehicle, are exposed, on the one hand, to very high temperature fluctuations and, on the other hand, are increasingly exposed to environmental influences as part of the body. Temperature changes of the order of several tens of degrees can, if reversible, result in changes in the gap width, which among other things can result in the penetration of foreign bodies into the hinge bearing.
  • hinge pin deposits or washers and the like Types of hinges prevent the ingress of pollutants, such as those present in the air in a microscopic distribution, into the bearing of the hinge pin.
  • pollutants such as those present in the air in a microscopic distribution
  • the presence of such pollutants in the hinge storage has so far not been given any particular importance, although it was also well known that such pollutants form aggressive waters in connection with condensation water or water vapor that can attack metallic surfaces.
  • the areas of the hinge pin and the hinge eye bore which cooperate with one another to produce a material deformation which can be used as a holding force are gradually formed to an apex such that the material deformation and thus the holding force is increasingly increased with increasing opening or closing of the door. until at a stopping point predetermined by the apex of the rise of the interacting flat areas of the hinge pin and the hinge eye bore or at a predetermined partial opening position the maximum material deformation and thus the maximum holding force is reached and the door is securely fixed in this position.
  • the inhibiting force required for stopping and locking the door has a size that can be determined from the outset and that the braking and holding means must be designed in such a way that this inhibiting force remains constant over a certain period of time over the entire life of the hinge Door opening angle is reached.
  • the hinge required for stopping and locking the door is naturally applied to hinges of the type in question here, albeit to a lesser extent, by frictional forces between the interacting surfaces, the magnitude of the frictional forces occurring being very dependent on the nature of the immediate interacting surfaces is dependent. In particular, the greater the roughness, the higher the friction forces resulting from the interaction of the surfaces.
  • a deterioration in the course of time in particular a deterioration in the surface properties of the interacting surfaces due to the roughening due to the attack by aggressive water, necessarily leads to a considerable increase in the frictional forces, the magnitude of which cannot be predicted for the individual case, from which an early achievement of the frictional forces then occurs necessary for the locking of the door is achieved so that the door stops before reaching its predetermined stop position and can only be fully opened or closed by exerting increased effort.
  • This hitherto unmanageable uncertainty with regard to permanent exact adherence to the stopping points of the door stands in the way of practical use of hinges of the type described at the beginning.
  • EP 0 691 448 A shows a hinge in which the hinge pin has none Has seal.
  • the door lock according to FR 2 670 530 has a seal only on the hinge pin, which cannot effect a double-ended seal.
  • the FR 2 442 326 shows a hinge with a seal that covers the area effective radial, but not both-sided sealing between the two eyes.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a motor vehicle hinge to improve the type described above in such a way that over the Life of the hinge towards the application of a constant Braking and holding power with an unchangeable door opening angle is guaranteed.
  • a vapor-tight seal against the hinge eye bore the hinge pin brings with it a certain security in that especially in the air, very finely dispersed pollutants do not enter the hinge and especially not in the area of gradually increasing trained and to generate an exploitable as a holding force Material deformation interacting surface areas of Hinge pin and hinge eye hole can reach, so that the formation aggressive water or the like. the nature of the interacting Media impairing or changing surfaces is excluded.
  • a vapor-tight seal also brings also the advantage that even under the influence of higher temperatures evaporation of corrosion inhibitors within the hinge bearing Media or lubricants is avoided.
  • Finally opened a vapor tight seal also the possibility within the Hinge storage a deposit of corrosion-inhibiting media, also light to accommodate volatile media.
  • the vapor-tight seal is formed at least on one side by a deformation of the hinge pin and / or coulter eye wall directed radially to the hinge axis.
  • a radial deformation of the hinge pin can expediently be provided, wherein the radial deformation can also form a rivet of the hinge pin with a suitable design.
  • the vapor-tight seal is formed by thrust washers braced axially against the end faces of the commercial part in connection with a deformation of the free end of the hinge pin directed radially to the hinge axis.
  • the vapor-tight seal through under Clamping of the radial collar of collar bushings Bearing bushes axially against the face of the hinge eye or the commercial part tensioned thrust washers suitably in connection with a deformation of the free end directed radially to the hinge axis of the hinge pin is formed.
  • radial deformation of the Hinge pin can of course also be an axial screw connection, e.g. by one on the free end, designed as a threaded pin Hinge pin attached nut, to generate the required system pressure for axial sealants such as thrust washers or the collar of Collar bushes may be provided.
  • the thrust washers clamped in the commercial part can be modified in a Design also be provided that the vapor-tight seal by pretensioning against the face of the hinge eye or the commercial part in which the hinge pin has a sliding seat Soft material seals is formed.
  • the vapor-tight seal is formed by non-contact sealing means
  • the non-contact sealing means for vapor-tight sealing are preferably formed by labyrinth seals.
  • the labyrinth seals on the one hand by a cap fitted to the free end of the hinge pin and having a collar which is coaxial with the hinge pin and on the other hand by a collar which is attached to a radial projection of the hinge pin and which is coaxial to the hinge pin
  • an axial annular groove assigned to the respective collar is formed in the end faces of the hinge eye or of the commercial part of the hinge half in which the hinge pin is seated.
  • the motor vehicle door hinges shown in the drawing each consist of a first hinge half 1, which can be attached to a door arrangement part, door or door spar, and a second hinge half 2, which can be attached to the other door arrangement part, as well as a hinge pin 3 which connects the two hinge halves 1 and 2 in a pivotable manner.
  • the motor vehicle door hinge shown in the drawing is designed as a separable hinge in all exemplary embodiments, each of the two hinge halves 1 and 2 each having only one hinge eye 4 and 5, respectively.
  • the hinge is in each case equipped with an integrated device consisting of a radially protruding curvature deviation of the hinge pin and a complementary cross-sectional shape of the hinge eye bore in order to achieve a braking and holding force which progressively increases in the area of at least one selected opening angle and opposes the further opening movement of the door.
  • the hinge pin 3 is rotatably mounted in the first hinge half 1 and has a radially protruding rounding deviation 7 over a part 6 of its length range extending through the hinge eye 4 of the first hinge half 1. which is assigned a complementary cross-sectional shape of the hinge eye bore.
  • the hinge pin 3 On both sides of its length section 6, the hinge pin 3 each has an exactly cylindrical circumference having length sections, via which it is guided in the hinge eye 6 without play and rotatably by means of bearing bushes formed as collar bushings 14 and 16 from a maintenance-free bearing material.
  • the hinge pin 3 In the hinge eye 4 of the first hinge half 1, the hinge pin 3 is further arranged to be secured against axial wandering, the securing of the hinge pin 3 against axial wandering being formed on the one hand by a radial projection 43 and on the other hand by an attached securing means 44.
  • the hinge pin 3 is fixed in a rotationally secure manner by means of an axially directed screw bolt 45, the screw bolt 45 being in engagement with the hinge pin 3 and resting on the free end face of the commercial part of the hinge half 2.
  • the hinge mounting accommodated in the hinge half 1 is sealed to the outside in a vapor-tight manner.
  • the hinge pin has 3 on both sides of its length section 6 each have an exactly cylindrical one Length sections having circumference, over which he mediates as Collar bushings 14 and 16 trained bushings from a maintenance-free Bearing material is guided free of play and rotatable in the hinge eye 6.
  • the vapor-tight seal of the hinge bearing is formed that at the free end of the hinge pin 3 associated end of Hinge eye bore 11 a radial deformation 12 of the hinge pin 3 is provided, which is the radially parked collar 13 of the collar bushing 16 overlaps.
  • hinge eye 4 causes, in particular is designed as riveting and forms part of the securing of the hinge pin 3 against axial movement.
  • hinge eye 4 causes, in particular is designed as riveting and forms part of the securing of the hinge pin 3 against axial movement.
  • the vapor-tight seal is the Hinge mounting by axially bracing each thrust washer 19 achieved against the two end faces 17 and 18 of the hinge eye 4, wherein the axial bracing of the thrust washers against the two end faces 17 and 18 by simultaneous axial bracing of the hinge pin 3 compared to the hinge eye 4 and the axial bracing of the hinge pin 3 by the riveting 12 of the free end of the hinge pin 3 is achieved.
  • the vapor-tight seal of the hinge bearing is on the side of the hinge eye 4 assigned to the free end of the hinge pin 3 by axial bracing from a sealing washer 21 against the end face 17 of the hinge eye 4 and on the opposite side of the hinge eye 4 by clamping of the radially parked collar 15 of the collar bushing 16 between the radial projection of the hinge pin and the associated end face 18 of the hinge eye.
  • the axial bracing of the sealing washer 21 is also brought about here by a radial, in particular riveting, deformation 12 of the hinge pin 3. 3 differs fundamentally from that in FIG.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are based on a representation of the vapor-tight seal of the hinge bearing either as a whole or at least partially by non-contact sealing means, the non-contact sealing means for vapor-tight sealing each being formed by a labyrinth seal.
  • the non-contact sealing means for vapor-tight sealing each being formed by a labyrinth seal.
  • a first labyrinth seal comprises, on the one hand, a cap 26 sealingly placed on the free end of the hinge pin 3, having a collar 25 coaxial with the hinge pin, and on the other hand an axial face arranged in the end face of the hinge eye 4 assigned to the free end of the hinge pin 3 Annular groove 27, the width of which corresponds to a multiple of the material thickness of the cap 26 placed on the hinge pin 3.
  • a second labyrinth seal comprises, on the one hand, a collar 28 which is coaxial with the hinge pin 3 and which is attached to a radial projection of the hinge pin 3, and an associated axial annular groove 29 in the associated end face of the hinge eye 4, the width of the annular groove 29 also being here a multiple of the material thickness of the collar 28 corresponds, as can be seen in detail from the illustration in FIG. 6.
  • the vapor-tight seal on the side of the hinge eye 4 assigned to the free end of the hinge pin 3 is formed by a cap 30 which engages over the free end face of the hinge eye 4 and seals against the side surfaces 40 of the hinge half 1 .
  • a labyrinth seal corresponding to that according to FIG.
  • the vapor-tight seal is formed by a closed bellows 33 encompassing the commercial parts, in particular the hinge eyes, of both hinge halves 1 and 2, each sealingly abutting the hinge leaves 31 and 32.
  • the bellows 33 is in each case sealingly and sealingly against the two hinge halves 1 and 2 in the area of the hinge leaf roots.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hinges (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftwagenscharnier mit Brems-und Haltefunktion nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a Motor vehicle hinge with braking and holding function according to the generic term of claim 1.

Derartig ausgestattete Kraftwagentürscharniere sind aus der DE 44 06 824 A bekannt und zeichnen sich in besonderer Weise dadurch aus, daß sie es ermöglichen die bisher bzw. herkömmlicherweise von, durch besondere Bauteile gebildeten Türfeststellern erbrachten, Halte-und Feststellfunktionen zur Abbremsung und Feststellung einer Fahrzeugtüre im Teilöffnungsbereich, d.h. üblicherweise in einem Öffnungswinkelbereich zwischen 20 und 70° Öffnungswinkel, zu erbringen. Die, je nach Türausstattung und damit Türgewicht, eine Kraft von 50 N und gegebenenfalls auch mehr erfordernde Halte-bzw. Feststellfunktion leitet sich dabei daraus ab, daß der Scharnierstift in Verbindung mit einer komplementären Ausbildung der Scharnieraugenbohrung des Scharnierauges derjenigen Scharnierhälfte, in deren Scharnierauge er mit Laufsitz gelagert ist einen von der reinen Kreisform abweichenden Rundungsverlauf seines Querschnittes aufweist, derart, daß bei einem gegenseitigen Verschwenken der beiden Scharnierhälften die Rundungsabweichungen des Scharnierstiftdurchmessers und gegebenenfalls der Scharnieraugenbohrung aneinander Auflaufen und ein elastisches Verformen wenigstens eines der beiden Teile Scharnierauge oder Scharnierstift, vorzugsweise eines Teiles der Wandungsdicke des Scharnierauges erzwingen. Hierbei wird die Verformungskraft als Abbrems-und Haltekraft für die Feststellung der Kraftwagentüre in einer ausgewählten, durch die geometrische Lage der Rundungsabweichungen, wenigstens des Scharnierstiftes, bestimmten Teilöffnungslage genutzt. Für Kraftwagentüren ist es aus verschiedenen Gründen, beispielsweise um ein Anschlagen der Türe an einer Garagenwand zu vermeiden, sehr wichtig, daß die Haltepunkte in vorgegebenen Teilöffnungslagen der Türe exakt eingehalten werden. Abweichend von der reinen Theorie resultieren die in ihrer Summe die Abbrems-und Haltekraft zum Abbremsen und Feststellen der Türe in einer bestimmten Teilöffnungslage ergebenden Kräfte lediglich zum einen Teil aus der Verformungsarbeit bei der elastischen Materialverformung, zum anderen Teil jedoch auch aus Reibungskräften, die sich bei der Relativbewegung der miteinander zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen einstellen und zu einem wesentlichen Teil von der Beschaffenheit dieser Oberflächen abhängig sind. Um zu einer dauerhaft zuverlässigen Einhaltung eines ausgewählten Haltepunktes der Türe zu gelangen muß daher auch sicher gestellt sein, daß sich die Voraussetzungen für die Erzeugung der hierfür eingesetzten Kräfte über die Lebensdauer des Scharnieres hin nicht oder jedenfalls nicht wesentlich ändern. Motor vehicle door hinges equipped in this way are known from DE 44 06 824 A and are particularly distinguished Way out in that they allow the previously or conventionally door locks made by special components, Holding and locking functions for braking and locking a Vehicle door in the partial opening area, i.e. usually in an opening angle range between 20 and 70 ° opening angle. The, depending on the door equipment and thus the door weight, a force of 50 N and if necessary also more demanding holding or Locking function is derived thereby from the fact that the hinge pin in conjunction with a complementary Formation of the hinge eye bore of the hinge eye of those Hinge half, in the hinge eye of which it is supported with a sliding seat Rounding of its cross-section deviating from the pure circular shape has, such that when pivoting the mutual the rounding deviations of the hinge pin diameter on both hinge halves and if necessary the hinge eye bore to each other Accumulation and elastic deformation of at least one of the two parts Hinge eye or hinge pin, preferably part of the wall thickness force the hinge eye. Here the deformation force as a braking and holding force for the detection of the motor vehicle door in a selected, due to the geometric position of the rounding deviations, at least the hinge pin, certain partial opening position used. For motor vehicle doors it is around for various reasons, for example to avoid hitting the door against a garage wall, very important that the breakpoints are exactly adhered to in predetermined partial opening positions of the door become. Deviating from the pure theory, they result in their Sum of the braking and holding force for braking and determining the Forces in a certain partial opening position only for a part from the deformation work in the elastic material deformation, on the other hand, however, also from frictional forces that arise during the Set the relative movement of the interacting surfaces and to a large extent on the nature of these surfaces are dependent. In order to ensure permanent compliance with a The selected stopping point of the door must therefore also be reached safely be that the conditions for the production of this forces used over the life of the hinge or not at least not change significantly.

Kraftwagentürscharniere sind nicht nur Massenartikel und als solche billig oder mindestens preiswert herzustellen, sondern auch den Betriebsbedigungen des Fahrzeuges entsprechend zum einen sehr hohen Temperaturschwankungen und zum anderen als Teil der Karosserie auch in einem vermehrten Maße den Umwelteinflüssen ausgesetzt. Temperaturänderungen in der Größenordnung von mehreren -zig Grad können, wenn auch reversible Spaltweitenänderungen zur Folge haben, was unter Anderem das Eindringen von Fremdkörpern in die Scharnierlagerung zur Folge haben kann. Während das Eindringen von körnigen Fremdkörpern und in einem gewissen Umfang auch von Staub oder gröberem Schmutz in die Lagerung des Scharnierstiftes im allgemeinen durch die an einem Scharnier üblicherweise ohnehin vorhandenen Mittel, wie Scharnierstiftabsetzungen oder Beilagscheiben und dergl., weitgehend vermieden ist, steht bei den bekannten Bauarten von Scharnieren dem Eindringen von Schadstoffen, wie sie mikroskopisch fein verteilt in der Luft vorhanden sind, in die Lagerung des Scharnierstiftes keinerlei Behinderung entgegen. Der Anwesenheit derartige Schadstoffe in der Scharnierlagerung wurde bisher auch keine besondere Bedeutung beigemessen, wenngleich auch durchaus bekannt war, daß solche Schadstoffe in Verbindung mit Schwitzwasser oder eingedrungenem Wasserdampf aggressive Wässer bilden, welche metallische Oberflächen angreifen können.
Eine schwerwiegende Bedeutung kommt der Anwesenheit aggressiver Wässer oder dergl. in der Scharnierlagerung dann zu, wenn im Zusammenhang mit der Erzeugung von Brems-und Haltekräften durch elastische Materialverformung beim Betrieb des Scharnieres gleitend zusammenwirkende Flächen von Scharnierstift und Scharnierauge eine Materialverformung im elastischen Bereich erzwingen.
Motor vehicle door hinges are not only mass-produced and, as such, cheap or at least inexpensive to manufacture, but also, depending on the operating conditions of the vehicle, are exposed, on the one hand, to very high temperature fluctuations and, on the other hand, are increasingly exposed to environmental influences as part of the body. Temperature changes of the order of several tens of degrees can, if reversible, result in changes in the gap width, which among other things can result in the penetration of foreign bodies into the hinge bearing. While the penetration of granular foreign bodies and to a certain extent also dust or coarser dirt into the storage of the hinge pin is generally largely avoided by the means which are usually present anyway on a hinge, such as hinge pin deposits or washers and the like Types of hinges prevent the ingress of pollutants, such as those present in the air in a microscopic distribution, into the bearing of the hinge pin. The presence of such pollutants in the hinge storage has so far not been given any particular importance, although it was also well known that such pollutants form aggressive waters in connection with condensation water or water vapor that can attack metallic surfaces.
The presence of aggressive water or the like in the hinge bearing is of great importance if, in connection with the generation of braking and holding forces by elastic material deformation during the operation of the hinge, slidingly interacting surfaces of the hinge pin and hinge eye force a material deformation in the elastic region.

Bei solchen Kraftwagenturscharnieren sind die zur Erzeugung einer als Haltekraft ausnutzbarem Materialverformung miteinander zusammenwirkenden Flächenbereiche von Scharnierstift und Scharnieraugenbohrung bis zu einem Scheitelpunkt allmählich ansteigend ausgebildet, derart, daß die Materialverformung und damit die Haltekraft mit zunehmendem Öffnen oder Schließen der Türe zunehmend verstärkt wird. bis an einem durch den Scheitelpunkt des Ansteiges der miteinander zusammenwirkenden Flachenbereiche von Scharnierstift und Scharnieraugenbohrung vorgegebenen Haltepunkt bzw. bei einer vorgegebenen Teilöffnungslage die maximale Materialverformung und damit die maximale Haltekraft erreicht und die Türe in dieser Stellung sicher festgestellt ist.
Dabei ist davon auszugehen, daß die für das Anhalten und Feststellen der Türe erforderliche Hemmkraft für jede Türe eine von vornherein bestimmbare Größe aufweist und die Brems-und Haltemittel so ausgelegt sein müssen, daß diese Hemmkraft über die gesamte Lebensdauer des Scharniers hin gleichbleibend in einem bestimmten Türöffnungswinkel erreicht wird. Die für das Anhalten und Feststellen der Türe erforderliche Hemmkraft wird bei Scharnieren der hier in Rede stehenden Bauart naturgemäß zu einem, wenn auch geringeren Teil, durch Reibungskräfte zwischen den miteinander zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen aufgebracht, wobei die Größe der auftretenden Reibkräfte sehr wesentlich von der Beschaffenheit der unmittelbar miteinander zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen abhängig ist. Insbesondere sind die aus dem Zusammenwirken der Oberflächen resultierenden Reibungskräfte um so höher je größer deren Rauhigkeit ist. Eine im Laufe der Zeit eintretende Verschlechterung, insbesondere eine auf eine Aufrauhung durch den Angriff aggressiver Wässer zurückzuführende Verschlechterung der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit der miteinander zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen führt notwendigerweise zu einem beträchtlichen und seiner Höhe nach für den Einzelfall nicht vorhersehbaren Anstieg der Reibungskräfte, woraus dann ein vorzeitiges Erreichen der für das Feststellen der Türe erforderlichen Hemmkraft erreicht wird, so daß die Türe bereits vor Erreichen ihrer vorbestimmten Haltestellung stehen bleibt und nur unter Aufbietung erhöhter Kraftanstrengung voll geöffnet bzw. geschlossen werden kann. Diese bisher nicht beherrschbare Unsicherheit hinsichtlich einer dauerhaft exakten Einhaltung vorgegebener Haltepunkte der Türe steht der praktischen Anwendung von Scharnieren der eingangs bezeichneten Bauart entgegen.
In such motor vehicle hinges, the areas of the hinge pin and the hinge eye bore which cooperate with one another to produce a material deformation which can be used as a holding force are gradually formed to an apex such that the material deformation and thus the holding force is increasingly increased with increasing opening or closing of the door. until at a stopping point predetermined by the apex of the rise of the interacting flat areas of the hinge pin and the hinge eye bore or at a predetermined partial opening position the maximum material deformation and thus the maximum holding force is reached and the door is securely fixed in this position.
It must be assumed that the inhibiting force required for stopping and locking the door has a size that can be determined from the outset and that the braking and holding means must be designed in such a way that this inhibiting force remains constant over a certain period of time over the entire life of the hinge Door opening angle is reached. The hinge required for stopping and locking the door is naturally applied to hinges of the type in question here, albeit to a lesser extent, by frictional forces between the interacting surfaces, the magnitude of the frictional forces occurring being very dependent on the nature of the immediate interacting surfaces is dependent. In particular, the greater the roughness, the higher the friction forces resulting from the interaction of the surfaces. A deterioration in the course of time, in particular a deterioration in the surface properties of the interacting surfaces due to the roughening due to the attack by aggressive water, necessarily leads to a considerable increase in the frictional forces, the magnitude of which cannot be predicted for the individual case, from which an early achievement of the frictional forces then occurs necessary for the locking of the door is achieved so that the door stops before reaching its predetermined stop position and can only be fully opened or closed by exerting increased effort. This hitherto unmanageable uncertainty with regard to permanent exact adherence to the stopping points of the door stands in the way of practical use of hinges of the type described at the beginning.

Die EP 0 691 448 A zeigt ein Scharnier, bei dem der Scharnierstift keine Dichtung aufweist. Der Türfeststeller gemäß FR 2 670 530 hat eine Dichtung lediglich am Scharnierstift, die keine beidendige Abdichtung bewirken kann. Die FR 2 442 326 zeigt ein Scharnier mit einer Dichtung, die zwar den Bereich zwischen den beiden Augen wirksam radial, nicht aber beidendig abdichtet. EP 0 691 448 A shows a hinge in which the hinge pin has none Has seal. The door lock according to FR 2 670 530 has a seal only on the hinge pin, which cannot effect a double-ended seal. The FR 2 442 326 shows a hinge with a seal that covers the area effective radial, but not both-sided sealing between the two eyes.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Kraftwagenscharnier der eingangs beschriebenen Bauart derart weiter zu verbessern, daß über die Lebensdauer des Scharnieres hin die Aufbringung einer gleichbleibenden Brems-und Haltekraft bei einem unveränderlich gleichbleibendem Türöffnungswinkel gewährleistet ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of a motor vehicle hinge to improve the type described above in such a way that over the Life of the hinge towards the application of a constant Braking and holding power with an unchangeable door opening angle is guaranteed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Scharnieraugenbohrung desjenigen Scharnierauges, in welchem der Scharnierstift mit Laufsitz gelagert ist, zum Scharnierstift hin beidendig dampfdicht abgedichtet ist.This object is achieved in that the hinge eye bore of the hinge eye in which the hinge pin with Running seat is mounted, sealed vapor-tight on both ends towards the hinge pin is.

Eine dampfdichte Abdichtung der Scharnieraugenbohrung gegenüber dem Scharnierstift bringt eine gewisse Sicherheit mit sich, dahingehend, daß auch insbesondere in der Luft feinstverteilte Schadstoffe nicht in die Scharnieriagerung und insbesondere nicht in den Bereich der allmählich ansteigend ausgebildeten und zur Erzeugung einer als Haltekraft ausnutzbarem Materialverformung miteinander zusammenwirkenden Flächenbereiche von Scharnierstift und Scharnieraugenbohrung gelangen können, so daß die Bildung aggressiver Wässer oder dergl. die Beschaffenheit der miteinander zusammenwirkenden Oberflächen beeinträchtigenden bzw. verändernden Medien ausgeschlossen ist. Eine dampfdichte Abdichtung bringt darüber hinaus auch den Vorteil mit sich, daß auch unter Einwirkung höherer Temperaturen ein Ausdampfen innerhalb der Scharnierlagerung vorhandener korossionshemmender Medien oder Schmierstoffe vermieden wird. Schließlich eröffnet eine dampfdichte Abdichtung auch noch die Möglichkeit innerhalb der Scharnierlagerung ein Depot an korosionshemmenden Medien, auch leicht flüchtigen Medien unterzubringen.A vapor-tight seal against the hinge eye bore the hinge pin brings with it a certain security in that especially in the air, very finely dispersed pollutants do not enter the hinge and especially not in the area of gradually increasing trained and to generate an exploitable as a holding force Material deformation interacting surface areas of Hinge pin and hinge eye hole can reach, so that the formation aggressive water or the like. the nature of the interacting Media impairing or changing surfaces is excluded. A vapor-tight seal also brings also the advantage that even under the influence of higher temperatures evaporation of corrosion inhibitors within the hinge bearing Media or lubricants is avoided. Finally opened a vapor tight seal also the possibility within the Hinge storage a deposit of corrosion-inhibiting media, also light to accommodate volatile media.

Hinsichtlich der baulichen Gestaltung der dampfdichten Abdichtung der Scharnierlagerung bieten sich vom Prinzip her vier verschiedene Bauarten an, nämlich in erster Linie eine Abdichtung der Scharnieraugenbohrung zum Scharnierstift hin durch unter radialer Vorspannung stehende Weichstoffdichtungen. Eine gleichermaßen günstig verwirklichbare Gestaltungsform kann aber auch eine Abdichtung der Scharnieraugenbohrung zum Scharnierstift durch unter axialer Spannung stehende Dichtelemente vorsehen. Für manche Anwendungsfälle kann sich darüber hinaus auch eine berührungsfreie Abdichtung, insbesondere in Form einer Labyrintdichtung empfehlen.
Schließlich besteht noch eine Gestaltungsform für eine wirksame Abdichtung der Scharnieraugenbohrung zum Scharnierstift darin, daß eine wenigstens die Kopfrollen derjenigen Scharnierhälfte, in welcher der Scharnierstift mit Laufsitz gelagert ist, übergreifende Umhüllung vorgesehen ist.
With regard to the structural design of the vapor-tight seal of the hinge bearing, there are in principle four different designs, namely primarily a seal of the hinge eye bore to the hinge pin by means of soft material seals under radial prestress. A design form which can be implemented in a similarly favorable manner can also provide sealing of the hinge eye bore to the hinge pin by means of sealing elements which are under axial tension. For some applications, a non-contact seal, especially in the form of a labyrinth seal, can also be recommended.
Finally, there is also a design for an effective sealing of the hinge eye bore to the hinge pin in that a covering is provided which at least overlaps the top rollers of the hinge half in which the hinge pin is mounted with a sliding seat.

Für die praktische Anwendung wird es jedoch häufig zweckmäßig sein die dampfdichte Abdichtung der Scharnieraugenbohrung zum Scharnierstift unter Einsatz von zwei der vorstehend aufgezeigten Gestaltungsprinzipien zu verwirklichen, in der Weise, daß vom einen zum anderen Ende der Scharnieraugenbohrung hin unterschiedlich gestaltete Dichtungsmittel eingesetzt werden. However, it will often be useful for practical use vapor-tight seal of the hinge eye bore to the hinge pin using two of the design principles outlined above to realize in such a way that from one end to the other the Hinge eye bore used differently designed sealants become.

In einer bevorzugten Verwirklichungsform kann vorgesehen sein. daß die dampfdichte Abdichtung wenigstens einseitig durch eine radial zur Scharnierachse gerichtete Verformung von Scharnierstift und/oder Scharmeraugenwandung gebildet ist. Insbesondere an dem dem freien Ende des Scharnierstiftes zugeordneten Ende der Scharnieraugenbohrung kann eine radiale Verformung zweckmäßigerweise des Scharnierstiftes vorgesehen sein, wobei die radiale Verformung bei geeigneter Ausbildung zugleich auch eine Vernietung des Scharnierstiftes bilden kann.
In einer ersten vorteilhaften Weiterbildung dieser Verwirklichungsform kann weiter vorgesehen sein, daß die dampfdichte Abdichtung durch in Verbindung mit einer radial zur Scharnierachse gerichteten Verformung des freien Endes des Scharnierstiftes axial gegen die Stirnseiten des Gewerbeteiles verspannte Anlaufscheiben gebildet ist.
In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided. that the vapor-tight seal is formed at least on one side by a deformation of the hinge pin and / or coulter eye wall directed radially to the hinge axis. In particular, at the end of the hinge eye bore associated with the free end of the hinge pin, a radial deformation of the hinge pin can expediently be provided, wherein the radial deformation can also form a rivet of the hinge pin with a suitable design.
In a first advantageous development of this embodiment, it can further be provided that the vapor-tight seal is formed by thrust washers braced axially against the end faces of the commercial part in connection with a deformation of the free end of the hinge pin directed radially to the hinge axis.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung dieser Verwirklichungsform kann ferner vorgesehen sein, daß die dampfdichte Abdichtung durch unter Einspannung des radialen Kragens von als Kragenbuchsen ausgebildeten Lagerbuchsen axial gegen die Stirnseiten des Scharnierauges bzw. des Gewerbeteiles verspannte Anlaufscheiben zweckmäßigerweise in Verbindung mit einer radial zur Scharnierachse gerichteten Verformung des freien Endes des Scharnierstiftes gebildet ist. Anstelle einer radialen Verformung des Scharnierstiftes kann selbstverständlich auch eine axiale Verschraubung, z.B. durch eine auf das freie, als Gewindezapfen ausgebildete Ende des Scharnierstiftes aufgesetzte Mutter, zur Erzeugung der erforderlichen Anlagedruckes für axiale Dichtmittel, wie Anlaufscheiben oder die Kragen von Kragenbuchschen vorgesehen sein. In a further advantageous development of this realization form can also be provided that the vapor-tight seal through under Clamping of the radial collar of collar bushings Bearing bushes axially against the face of the hinge eye or the commercial part tensioned thrust washers suitably in connection with a deformation of the free end directed radially to the hinge axis of the hinge pin is formed. Instead of radial deformation of the Hinge pin can of course also be an axial screw connection, e.g. by one on the free end, designed as a threaded pin Hinge pin attached nut, to generate the required system pressure for axial sealants such as thrust washers or the collar of Collar bushes may be provided.

In Verbindung mit wenigstens einer entsprechenden radialen Ausladung des Scharnierstiftes bzw. in Verbindung mit dem Einsatz von gegen die Stirnseiten des Gewerbeteiles verspannten Anlaufscheiben kann in einer abgewandelten Gestaltungsform auch vorgesehen sein, daß die dampfdichte Abdichtung durch unter Vorspannung gegen die Stirnseiten des Scharbieraugens bzw. des Gewerbeteiles, in welchem der Scharnierstift Laufsitz hat, anliegende Weichstoffdichtungen gebildet ist.In conjunction with at least one corresponding radial projection of the Hinge pin or in connection with the use of against the end faces the thrust washers clamped in the commercial part can be modified in a Design also be provided that the vapor-tight seal by pretensioning against the face of the hinge eye or the commercial part in which the hinge pin has a sliding seat Soft material seals is formed.

In einer zweiten vorteilhaften Verwirklichungsform ist vorgesehen. daß die dampfdichte Abdichtung durch berührungsfreie Dichtmittel gebildet ist, wobei die berührungsfreien Dichtmittel zur dampfdichten Abdichtung bevorzugterweise durch Labyrintdichtungen gebildet sind.
In einer insbesondere für aushängbare Scharniere vorteilhaften praktischen Gestaltungsform dieser Verwirklichungsform ist vorgesehen, daß die Labyrinthdichtungen einerseits durch eine das freie Ende des Scharnierstiftes aufgesetzte, einen zum Scharnierstift koaxialen Kragen aufweisende Kappe und andererseits durch einen an eine radiale Ausladung des Scharnierstiftes angesetzten zum Scharnierstift koaxialen Kragen und jeweils eine dem jeweiligen Kragen zugeordnete axiale Ringnut in den Stirnflächen des Scharnierauges bzw. des Gewerbeteiles derjenigen Scharnierhälfte in welcher der Scharnierstift Laufsitz hat, gebildet sind.
A second advantageous embodiment provides. that the vapor-tight seal is formed by non-contact sealing means, the non-contact sealing means for vapor-tight sealing are preferably formed by labyrinth seals.
In a practical embodiment of this embodiment which is advantageous in particular for detachable hinges, it is provided that the labyrinth seals on the one hand by a cap fitted to the free end of the hinge pin and having a collar which is coaxial with the hinge pin and on the other hand by a collar which is attached to a radial projection of the hinge pin and which is coaxial to the hinge pin In each case, an axial annular groove assigned to the respective collar is formed in the end faces of the hinge eye or of the commercial part of the hinge half in which the hinge pin is seated.

In einer der Anwendung berührungsfreier Dichtmittel gleichzusetzenden, für die Anordnung an der dem freien Ende des Scharnierstiftes zugeordneten Seite des Gewerbeteiles geeigneten vorteilhaften Verwirklichungsform kann zudem auch vorgesehen sein, daß die dampfdichte Abdichtung einseitig durch eine die freie Stirnfläche desjenigen Gewerbeteiles in welchem der Scharnierstift mit Laufsitz gelagert ist, übergreifende und dichtend an den Seitenflächen der Scharnierhälfte anliegende Kappe gebildet ist.In a contactless sealant to be equated with the application for the arrangement on the associated with the free end of the hinge pin Side of the commercial part suitable advantageous implementation form also be provided that the vapor-tight seal on one side through a the free end face of the commercial part in which the Hinge pin is mounted with a seat, overlapping and sealing to the Side surfaces of the hinge half of the cap is formed.

Nach einer besonderen Verwirklichungsform kann schließlich noch vorgesehen sein, daß die dampfdichte Abdichtung durch einen die Gewerbeteile beider Scharnierhälften umgreifenden, jeweils an den Scharnierblättern dichtend anliegenden, geschlossenen Balg gebildet ist.After a special realization form can finally be provided be that the vapor tight seal by one of the commercial parts of both Gripping the hinge halves, each sealing on the hinge leaves adjacent, closed bellows is formed.

Die Erfindung ist in der nachfolgenden Beispielsbeschreibung anhand einiger in der Zeichnung dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele im Einzelnen beschrieben.
In der Zeichnung zeigt die

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform eines mit einer Brems-und Haltefunktion ausgestatteten, aushängbaren Kraftwagentürscharnieres;
Fig. 2.
einen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform eines mit einer Brems-und Haltefunktion ausgestatteten, aushängbaren Kraftwagentürscharnieres;
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch eine dritte Ausführungsform eines mit einer Brems-und Haltefunktion ausgestatteten, aushängbaren Kraftwagentürscharnieres;
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt durch eine vierte Ausführungsform eines mit einer Brems-und Haltefunktion ausgestatteten, aushängbaren Kraftwagentürscharnieres;
Fig. 5
einen Langsschnitt durch eine mit berührungsfreien Dichtmitteln ausgestattete Ausführungsform eines mit einer Brems-und Haltefunktion ausgestatteten, aushängbaren Kraftwagenturscharnieres;
Fig. 6
eine ausschnittweise Darstellung zur Fig. 5 im vergrößerten Maßstab;
Fig. 7
einen Längsschnitt durch eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform eines mit berührungsfreien Dichtmitteln versehenen, mit einer Brems-und Haltefunktion ausgestatteten, aushängbaren Kraftwagentürscharnieres;
Fig. 8
eine teilweise aufgebrochene schaubildliche Darstellung eines mit einem die Gewerbeteile beider Scharnierhälften umgreifenden, jeweils an den Scharnierblättern dichtend anliegenden, geschlossenen Balg ausgestatteten, aushängbaren Kraftwagentürscharnieres;
Fig. 9
einen Schnitt durch ein Kraftwagentürscharnier gemäß Fig. 8.
The invention is described in detail in the following example description with reference to some exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.
In the drawing, the
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a removable motor vehicle door hinge equipped with a braking and holding function;
Fig. 2.
a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of a removable motor vehicle door hinge equipped with a braking and holding function;
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through a third embodiment of a removable motor vehicle door hinge equipped with a braking and holding function;
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section through a fourth embodiment of a removable motor vehicle door hinge equipped with a braking and holding function;
Fig. 5
a longitudinal section through an embodiment of a detachable motor vehicle hinge equipped with a non-contact sealing means and equipped with a braking and holding function;
Fig. 6
a partial view of Figure 5 on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 7
a longitudinal section through a modified embodiment of a removable motor vehicle door hinge provided with non-contact sealing means, equipped with a braking and holding function;
Fig. 8
a partially broken-open diagrammatic representation of a detachable motor vehicle door hinge equipped with a closed bellows encompassing the commercial parts of both hinge halves, each sealingly abutting the hinge leaves;
Fig. 9
8 shows a section through a motor vehicle door hinge according to FIG. 8.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellten Kraftwagentürscharniere bestehen jeweils aus einer ersten, am einen Türanordnungsteil, Tür oder Türholm, anschlagbaren Scharnierhälfte 1 und einer zweiten, am anderen Türanordnungsteil anschlagbaren Scharnierhälfte 2 sowie einem beide Scharnierhälften 1 und 2 schwenkb ar miteinander verbindenden Scharnierstift 3.
Das in der Zeichnung dargestellte Kraftwagentürscharnier ist in allen Ausführungsbeispielen als trennbares Scharnier ausgebildet, wobei jede der beiden Scharnierhälften 1 und 2 jeweils nur ein Scharnierauge 4 bzw. 5 aufweist. Ferner ist das Scharnier jeweils mit einer integrierten, aus einer radial ausladenden Rundungsabweichung des Scharnierstiftes und einer komplementären Querschnittsform der Scharnieraugenbohrung bestehenden Einrichtung zur Erzielung einer im Bereich wenigstens eines ausgewählten Öffnungswinkels progressiv anwachsenden und der weiteren Öffnungsbewegung der Ture entgegenstehenden Brems-und Haltekraft ausgestattet. Der Scharnierstift 3 ist dabei in der ersten Scharnierhälfte 1 drehbar gelagert und weist über einen Teil 6 seines das Scharnierauge 4 der ersten Scharnierhälfte 1 durchgreifenden Längenbereiches hin eine radial ausladende Rundungsabweichung 7 auf. der eine komplementäre Querschnittsform der Scharnieraugenbohrung zugeordnet ist. Beiderseits seines Längenabschnittes 6 besitzt der Scharnierstift 3 jeweils einen exakt zylindrischen Umfang aufweisende Längenabschnitte, über welche er vermittels als Kragenbuchsen 14 und 16 ausgebildeter Lagerbuchsen aus einem wartungsfreien Lagermaterial spielfrei und drehbar im Scharnierauge 6 geführt ist.
In dem Scharnierauge 4 der ersten Scharnierhälfte 1 ist der Scharnierstift 3 ferner gegen axiales Wandern gesichert angeordnet, wobei die Sicherung des Scharnierstiftes 3 gegen axiales Wandern einerseits durch eine radiale Ausladung 43 und andererseits durch ein aufgesetztes Sicherungsmittel 44 gebildet ist. Im Scharnierauge 5 der zweiten Scharnierhälfte 2 ist der Scharnierstift 3 vermittels eines axial gerichteten Schraubenbolzens 45 drehsicher festgelegt, wobei der Schraubenbolzen 45 mit dem Scharnierstift 3 im Eingriff steht und auf der freien Stirnfläche des Gewerbe teiles der Scharnierhälfte 2 aufliegt.
Bei allen in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsformen ist die in der Scharnierhälfte 1 untergebrachte Scharnierlagerung nach außen dampfdicht abgedichtet.
The motor vehicle door hinges shown in the drawing each consist of a first hinge half 1, which can be attached to a door arrangement part, door or door spar, and a second hinge half 2, which can be attached to the other door arrangement part, as well as a hinge pin 3 which connects the two hinge halves 1 and 2 in a pivotable manner.
The motor vehicle door hinge shown in the drawing is designed as a separable hinge in all exemplary embodiments, each of the two hinge halves 1 and 2 each having only one hinge eye 4 and 5, respectively. Furthermore, the hinge is in each case equipped with an integrated device consisting of a radially protruding curvature deviation of the hinge pin and a complementary cross-sectional shape of the hinge eye bore in order to achieve a braking and holding force which progressively increases in the area of at least one selected opening angle and opposes the further opening movement of the door. The hinge pin 3 is rotatably mounted in the first hinge half 1 and has a radially protruding rounding deviation 7 over a part 6 of its length range extending through the hinge eye 4 of the first hinge half 1. which is assigned a complementary cross-sectional shape of the hinge eye bore. On both sides of its length section 6, the hinge pin 3 each has an exactly cylindrical circumference having length sections, via which it is guided in the hinge eye 6 without play and rotatably by means of bearing bushes formed as collar bushings 14 and 16 from a maintenance-free bearing material.
In the hinge eye 4 of the first hinge half 1, the hinge pin 3 is further arranged to be secured against axial wandering, the securing of the hinge pin 3 against axial wandering being formed on the one hand by a radial projection 43 and on the other hand by an attached securing means 44. In the hinge eye 5 of the second hinge half 2, the hinge pin 3 is fixed in a rotationally secure manner by means of an axially directed screw bolt 45, the screw bolt 45 being in engagement with the hinge pin 3 and resting on the free end face of the commercial part of the hinge half 2.
In all the embodiments shown in the drawing, the hinge mounting accommodated in the hinge half 1 is sealed to the outside in a vapor-tight manner.

Bei der in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform besitzt der Scharnierstift 3 beiderseits seines Langenabschnittes 6 jeweils einen exakt zylindrischen Umfang aufweisende Längenabschnitte, über welche er vermittels als Kragenbuchsen 14 und 16 ausgebildeter Lagerbuchsen aus einem wartungsfreien Lagermaterial spielfrei und drehbar im Scharnierauge 6 geführt ist. Die dampfdichte Abdichtung der Scharnierlagerung ist dadurch gebildet, daß an dem dem freien Ende des Scharnierstiftes 3 zugeordneten Ende der Scharnieraugenbohrung 11 eine radiale Verformung 12 des Scharnierstiftes 3 vorgesehen ist, welche den radial abgestellten Kragen 13 der Kragenbuchse 16 übergreift. wobei die radiale Verformung 12 des Scharnierstiftes 3, die zugleich auch eine axiale Verspannung des Scharnierstiftes 3 gegenüber denn Scharnierauge 4 bewirkt, insbesondere als Vernietung gestaltet ist und einen Teil der Sicherung des Scharnierstiftes 3 gegen axiales Wandern bildet. Infolge der sich aus der Vernietung 12 des Scharnierstiftes 3 gegenüber der Stirnfläche 17 des Scharnierauges ergebenden axialen Vorspannung ist auch der radial abgestellte Kragen 15 der Kragenbuchse 14 zwischen der radialen Ausladung des Scharnierstiftes und der zugehörigen Stirnfläche 18 des Scharnierauges verspannt, so daß durch axiale Verspannung der Kragen der beiden Kragenbuchsen 14 und 16 eine absolut dampfdichte Abdichtung der Scharnierlagerung gewährleistet ist.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the hinge pin has 3 on both sides of its length section 6 each have an exactly cylindrical one Length sections having circumference, over which he mediates as Collar bushings 14 and 16 trained bushings from a maintenance-free Bearing material is guided free of play and rotatable in the hinge eye 6. The vapor-tight seal of the hinge bearing is formed that at the free end of the hinge pin 3 associated end of Hinge eye bore 11 a radial deformation 12 of the hinge pin 3 is provided, which is the radially parked collar 13 of the collar bushing 16 overlaps. the radial deformation 12 of the hinge pin 3, the at the same time also an axial bracing of the hinge pin 3 opposite because hinge eye 4 causes, in particular is designed as riveting and forms part of the securing of the hinge pin 3 against axial movement. As a result of the riveting 12 of the hinge pin 3 opposite the end face 17 of the hinge eye resulting axial bias also the radially parked collar 15 of the collar bush 14 between the radial projection of the hinge pin and the associated end face 18 of the hinge eye so that the collar is axially braced the two collar bushings 14 and 16 an absolutely vapor-tight seal the hinge bearing is guaranteed.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 ist die dampfdichte Abdichtung der Scharnierlagerung durch axiale Verspannung von je einer Anlaufscheibe 19 gegen die beiden Stirnflächen 17 und 18 des Scharnierauges 4 erzielt, wobei die axiale Verspannung der Anlaufscheiben gegen die beiden Stirnflächen 17 und 18 durch ein gleichzeitige axiale Verspannung des Scharnierstiftes 3 gegenüber dem Scharnierauge 4 bewirkt wird und die axiale Verspannung des Scharnierstiftes 3 durch die Vernietung 12 des freien Endes des Scharnierstiftes 3 erzielt wird.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the vapor-tight seal is the Hinge mounting by axially bracing each thrust washer 19 achieved against the two end faces 17 and 18 of the hinge eye 4, wherein the axial bracing of the thrust washers against the two end faces 17 and 18 by simultaneous axial bracing of the hinge pin 3 compared to the hinge eye 4 and the axial bracing of the hinge pin 3 by the riveting 12 of the free end of the hinge pin 3 is achieved.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 ist die dampfdichte Abdichtung der Scharnierlagerung an der dem freien Ende des Scharnierstiftes 3 zugeordneten Seite des Scharnierauges 4 durch axiale Verspannung von einer Dichtscheibe 21 gegen die Stirnfläche 17 des Scharnierauges 4 und an der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Scharnierauges 4 durch Einspannung des radial abgestellten Kragens 15 der Kragenbuchse 16 zwischen der radialen Ausladung des Scharnierstiftes und der zugehörigen Stirnfiäche 18 des Scharnierauges erzielt. Die axiale Verspannung der Dichtscheibe 21 wird auch hier durch eine radiale, insbesondere eine Vernietung bildende Verformung 12 des Scharnierstiftes 3 bewirkt.
Von der Gestaltungsform gemäß Fig. 3 weicht diejenige nach Fig. 4 grundsätzlich dadurch ab, daß an der dem freien Ende des Scharnierstiftes 3 zugeordneten Seite des Scharnierauges 4 die dampfdichte Abdichtung durch eine mit einer Dichtlippe 23 unter Vorspannung gegen die Stirnseite des Scharnierauges 4 des Gewerbeteiles anliegende Weichstoffdichtung 22 gebildet ist, wobei die Weichstoffdichtung 22 vermittels einer Wulst 23 und einer Ringnut 24 gegen den Scharnierstift 3 abgestützt ist.
Die in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellten Ausführungsformen beruhen auf einer Darstellung der dampfdichten Abdichtung der Scharnierlagerung entweder insgesamt oder aber wenigstens teilweise durch berührungsfreie Dichtmittel, wobei die berührungsfreien Dichtmittel zur dampfdichten Abdichtung jeweils durch eine Labyrintdichtung gebildet sind.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5 umfaßt eine erste Labyrinthdichtung einerseits eine dichtend auf das freie Ende des Scharnierstiftes 3 aufgesetzte, einen zum Scharnierstift koaxialen Kragen 25 aufweisende Kappe 26 und andererseits eine in der dem freien Ende des Scharnierstiftes 3 zugeordneten Stirnfläche des Scharnierauges 4 angeordnete axiale Ringnut 27, deren Breite einem Mehrfachen der Materialstärke der auf den Scharnierstift 3 aufgesetzten Kappe 26 entspricht. Eine zweite Labyrinthdichtung umfaßt einerseits einen an eine radiale Ausladung des Scharnierstiftes 3 angesetzten zum Scharnierstift 3 koaxialen Kragen 28 und eine diesem zugeordnete axiale Ringnut 29 in der zugehörigen Stirnfläche des Scharnierauges 4, wobei auch hier die Breite der Ringnut 29 einem Mehrfachen der Materialstärke des Kragens 28 entspricht, wie dies im Einzelnen aus der Darstellung der Fig 6 ersichtlich ist.
Bei der in der Fig. 7 dargestellten, abgewandelten Ausführungsform ist die dampfdichte Abdichtung an der dem freien Ende des Scharnierstiftes 3 zugeordneten Seite des Scharnierauges 4 durch eine die freie Stirnfläche des Scharnierauges 4 übergreifende und dichtend an den Seitenflächen 40 der Scharnierhälfte 1 anliegende Kappe 30 gebildet. An der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite des Scharnierauges 4 ist eine Labyrinthdichtung entsprechend derjenigen nach Fig. 6 vorgesehen.
Bei der in den Fig. 8 und 9 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die dampfdichte Abdichtung durch einen die Gewerbeteile, insbesondere die Scharnieraugen, beider Scharnierhälften 1 und 2 umgreifenden, jeweils an den Scharnierblättern 31 und 32 dichtend anliegenden, geschlossenen Balg 33 gebildet. Dabei liegt der Balg 33 über Dichtlippen 34 jeweils dichtend und jeweils im Bereich der Scharnierblattwurzeln an den beiden Scharnierhälften 1 und 2 an.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the vapor-tight seal of the hinge bearing is on the side of the hinge eye 4 assigned to the free end of the hinge pin 3 by axial bracing from a sealing washer 21 against the end face 17 of the hinge eye 4 and on the opposite side of the hinge eye 4 by clamping of the radially parked collar 15 of the collar bushing 16 between the radial projection of the hinge pin and the associated end face 18 of the hinge eye. The axial bracing of the sealing washer 21 is also brought about here by a radial, in particular riveting, deformation 12 of the hinge pin 3.
3 differs fundamentally from that in FIG. 4 in that, on the side of the hinge eye 4 assigned to the free end of the hinge pin 3, the vapor-tight seal is provided by a sealing lip 23 that is pretensioned against the end face of the hinge eye 4 of the commercial part adjacent soft material seal 22 is formed, the soft material seal 22 being supported by means of a bead 23 and an annular groove 24 against the hinge pin 3.
The embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are based on a representation of the vapor-tight seal of the hinge bearing either as a whole or at least partially by non-contact sealing means, the non-contact sealing means for vapor-tight sealing each being formed by a labyrinth seal.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, a first labyrinth seal comprises, on the one hand, a cap 26 sealingly placed on the free end of the hinge pin 3, having a collar 25 coaxial with the hinge pin, and on the other hand an axial face arranged in the end face of the hinge eye 4 assigned to the free end of the hinge pin 3 Annular groove 27, the width of which corresponds to a multiple of the material thickness of the cap 26 placed on the hinge pin 3. A second labyrinth seal comprises, on the one hand, a collar 28 which is coaxial with the hinge pin 3 and which is attached to a radial projection of the hinge pin 3, and an associated axial annular groove 29 in the associated end face of the hinge eye 4, the width of the annular groove 29 also being here a multiple of the material thickness of the collar 28 corresponds, as can be seen in detail from the illustration in FIG. 6.
In the modified embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the vapor-tight seal on the side of the hinge eye 4 assigned to the free end of the hinge pin 3 is formed by a cap 30 which engages over the free end face of the hinge eye 4 and seals against the side surfaces 40 of the hinge half 1 . A labyrinth seal corresponding to that according to FIG. 6 is provided on the opposite end face of the hinge eye 4.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the vapor-tight seal is formed by a closed bellows 33 encompassing the commercial parts, in particular the hinge eyes, of both hinge halves 1 and 2, each sealingly abutting the hinge leaves 31 and 32. The bellows 33 is in each case sealingly and sealingly against the two hinge halves 1 and 2 in the area of the hinge leaf roots.

Claims (13)

  1. Motor-vehicle hinge having a braking and holding function, comprising a first hinge half (1) which can be fixed to a door assembly part, door or door strut, and of a second hinge half (2) which can be fixed to the other door assembly part, and also of a hinge pin (3) which is made of solid material, connects the two hinge halves pivotably to each other, is connected to the gudgeon (5) of the one hinge half (2) in a rotationally secure manner and is mounted in the gudgeon (4) of the other hinge half (1) with a running fit, the hinge pin (3), in conjunction with a complementary design of the hole (11) of the gudgeon (4) of that hinge half (1) in whose gudgeon (4) it is mounted with a running fit, having, at least over part of its longitudinal region (6) which is assigned to this gudgeon, a rounded profile of its cross section which deviates from the pure circular shape (7), characterized in that the hole (11) of that gudgeon (4) in which the hinge pin (3) is mounted with a running fit is sealed with respect to the hinge pin (3) at both ends in a steam-tight manner.
  2. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing of the gudgeon hole (11) with respect to the hinge pin (3) is formed by soft-material seals (22) which are under radial prestress.
  3. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing of the gudgeon hole (11) with respect to the hinge pin (3) is formed by sealing elements (13, 15) which are under axial stress.
  4. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing of the gudgeon hole (11) with respect to the hinge pin (3) is formed by a covering which fits over at least the head rollers of that hinge half (1) in which the hinge pin (3) is mounted with a running fit.
  5. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing is formed at least on one side by a deformation of the hinge pin (3) and/or gudgeon wall, which deformation is directed radially with respect to the hinge axis.
  6. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing is formed by run-on washers (19) braced axially against the end sides of the hinge part, in conjunction with a deformation of the free end of the hinge pin (3), which deformation is directed radially with respect to the hinge axis.
  7. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing is formed by run-on washers braced axially against the end sides of the hinge part, clamping the radial collar (15) of bearing bushings (14, 16) designed as collar-type bushings, in conjunction with a deformation of the free end of the hinge pin (3), which deformation is directed radially with respect to the hinge axis.
  8. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing is formed by soft-material seals (22) which bear under prestress against the end sides of the hinge part in which the hinge pin (3) has a running fit.
  9. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing is formed by contact-free sealing means.
  10. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the contact-free sealing means for the steam-tight sealing are formed by labyrinth seals.
  11. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the labyrinth seals are formed at one end by a cap which is placed onto the free end of the hinge pin (3) and has a collar (25) coaxial to the hinge pin (3), and at the other end by a collar (28) which is fitted to a radial projection of the hinge pin (3) and is coaxial to the hinge pin (3) and in each case an axial annular groove (27, 29), which is assigned to the particular collar (25, 28), in the end surfaces of the hinge part of that hinge half (1) in which the hinge pin (3) has a running fit.
  12. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing is formed on one side by a cap (30) which fits over the free end surface of that hinge part in which the hinge pin (3) is mounted with a running fit, and bears in a sealing manner against the side surfaces (40) of the hinge half (1).
  13. Motor-vehicle hinge according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the steam-tight sealing is formed by a closed bellows (33) which fits around the hinge parts of both hinge halves (1, 2) and in each case bears in a sealing manner against the hinge leaves (31,32).
EP99907298A 1998-03-26 1999-01-28 Motor vehicle hinge with a braking and holding function Expired - Lifetime EP1066441B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813520 1998-03-26
DE19813520A DE19813520A1 (en) 1997-11-14 1998-03-26 Vehicle door hinge with braking and holding function
PCT/DE1999/000254 WO1999049164A1 (en) 1998-03-26 1999-01-28 Motor vehicle hinge with a braking and holding function

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1066441A1 EP1066441A1 (en) 2001-01-10
EP1066441B1 true EP1066441B1 (en) 2001-05-16

Family

ID=7862518

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99907298A Expired - Lifetime EP1066441B1 (en) 1998-03-26 1999-01-28 Motor vehicle hinge with a braking and holding function

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6490759B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1066441B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002507684A (en)
CN (1) CN1295643A (en)
AU (1) AU2711999A (en)
BR (1) BR9909066A (en)
CZ (1) CZ20003540A3 (en)
DE (1) DE19980502D2 (en)
ES (1) ES2158733T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA00009371A (en)
WO (1) WO1999049164A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE302323T1 (en) * 2001-06-11 2005-09-15 Fingscheidt Gmbh Friedr DOOR HINGE EQUIPPED WITH AN INTEGRATED CONTINUOUS BRAKE AND HOLDING DEVICE
KR100528591B1 (en) * 2003-09-16 2005-11-15 현대자동차주식회사 Combination structure of bracket and nut for door hinge
US7059016B2 (en) * 2004-02-19 2006-06-13 Illinois Tool Works Inc Automotive door check assemblies
EP2011942A1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-01-07 Wagon Automotive GmbH Infinitely variable door check
DE102019115563B3 (en) * 2019-06-07 2020-04-23 Edscha Engineering Gmbh Vehicle hinge and method for producing a hinge half for a vehicle hinge

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US757784A (en) * 1903-08-11 1904-04-19 John W Skilton Hinge.
US1180336A (en) * 1915-03-08 1916-04-25 August Sundh Gravity-hinge.
DE2851234A1 (en) 1978-11-27 1980-06-12 Scharwaechter Gmbh Co Kg WING HINGE WITH MAINTENANCE-FREE HINGED PIN
IT1158239B (en) * 1982-08-05 1987-02-18 Italtractor Hinge-assembly for adjacent crawler track links
US5092017A (en) * 1989-02-07 1992-03-03 Ohi Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Automotive door hinge assembly, bush employed therein and method for installing bush in door hinge assembly
FR2670530A1 (en) 1990-12-12 1992-06-19 Coutier Moulage Gen Ind Hinge with a built-in retaining mechanism, and sub-assembly of this hinge
DE4406824C2 (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-02-08 Hans Kuehl Swivel escapement hinge
FR2722233B1 (en) 1994-07-07 1996-09-27 Coutier Moulage Gen Ind 1 LOCKING DOOR LOCK 2 MOTOR VEHICLE
US5906029A (en) * 1997-03-25 1999-05-25 Fox; Larry Hinge repair kit and installation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6490759B1 (en) 2002-12-10
EP1066441A1 (en) 2001-01-10
CZ20003540A3 (en) 2001-12-12
DE19980502D2 (en) 2001-05-10
MXPA00009371A (en) 2002-06-21
BR9909066A (en) 2002-01-15
ES2158733T3 (en) 2001-09-01
CN1295643A (en) 2001-05-16
AU2711999A (en) 1999-10-18
WO1999049164A1 (en) 1999-09-30
JP2002507684A (en) 2002-03-12

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