EP1059967A1 - Intumescent fire-retardant composition for high temperature and long duration protection - Google Patents
Intumescent fire-retardant composition for high temperature and long duration protectionInfo
- Publication number
- EP1059967A1 EP1059967A1 EP98911432A EP98911432A EP1059967A1 EP 1059967 A1 EP1059967 A1 EP 1059967A1 EP 98911432 A EP98911432 A EP 98911432A EP 98911432 A EP98911432 A EP 98911432A EP 1059967 A1 EP1059967 A1 EP 1059967A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- accordance
- agent
- retardant material
- oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/14—Macromolecular materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
- Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fire-retardant coating that is applied to many organic and inorganic substrates to provide fire protection by reducing the flame spread and reducing the heat transmission. More particularly, the new and improved fire-retardant coating composition is designed for use in severe applications for protection of the substrate where there is exposure to high temperatures or to fire for long duration or to substrates like plastics and composites with relatively low melting or ignition temperatures.
- Intumescent materials have been known for many years and have been used as coatings to provide thermal protection up to approximately 2,000°F.
- Substrates such as wood, various metals, such as steel, aluminum, etc., and various types of plastics, such as PVC, thermoplastics, and epoxies, have been coated to make them more fire-retardant .
- coatings are impractical for reasons other than fire protection, as they lack abrasion resistance, impact resistance, water resistance, and resistance to other environmental factors. Because of these factors, present coatings do not provide protection from fire and heat for a sufficient time duration during a fire, and are not durable enough to last sufficiently long to make them cost effective.
- the coating material should be useable on a variety of substrates such as iron, steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and other non-ferrous metals, wood, plywood, particle board, and other wood by-products, plastics, PVC, thermoplastics, epoxies, and composites.
- Intumescent fire-retardant coating materials of various compositions for use on a variety of substrates have been disclosed in the prior art.
- U.S. Patent Nos . 4,380,593; 4,740,527; 4,879,320; 4,965,296; and 5,401,793 all disclose intumescent coating materials of different chemical compositions for use on a variety of material substrates. None of the prior art patents disclose the chemical composition of the present invention.
- an object of the present invention to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that is effective at continuously maintained temperatures as high as 2500°F for a long duration under severe environmental conditions, with reduced degradation of the mechanical properties of the original material being coated.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a thin, light-weight, intumescent fire-retardant coating for a substrate which provides a low thermal transmission rate.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which reduces the available oxygen (0 2 ) in confined areas, to decrease the burning time and to retard the advent of flashover during a fire or explosion.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition for a variety of low density wood products and composite wood products requiring zero flame spread during a prolonged exposure to fire.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which during a fire will not give-off harmful vapors into the environment.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that improves adhesion to a substrate and resistance to abrasion and impact .
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that is water resistant and which reduces the hygroscopic aspect of the coating material.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that reduces hygroscopicity within the coating material such that the coating material on a given substrate has an improved and greater lifetime, and a higher performance when a fire occurs.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that is suitable for a variety of substrate materials such as iron, steel, stainless-steel, aluminum, and other non-ferrous metals, wood, plywood, chip-board, particle board, plastics, PVC, thermoplastics, epoxies, neoprene, rubber, and composites.
- substrate materials such as iron, steel, stainless-steel, aluminum, and other non-ferrous metals, wood, plywood, chip-board, particle board, plastics, PVC, thermoplastics, epoxies, neoprene, rubber, and composites.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that has application for use in many industries such as construction, transportation, telecommunications, utilities, marine, chemical, petroleum, manufacturing, and military applications.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that when applied to coat a substrate is able to resist corrosion due to chemicals, corrosive vapors, water, and salt-water; and in addition resist physical impact, high pressure, and/or mechanical vibrations without the coating material delaminating itself from the substrate.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that includes a novel combination of an intumescent base material, a flame spread reduction agent, an oxygen reduction agent, a thermal transmission reduction agent, refractory fibers, a stabilizer, a volatile organic (VOC) reduction component, a mechanical enhancer component for physical impact resistance and adhesion to a substrate, a water-resistance agent and an elasticity agent.
- VOC volatile organic
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that includes an elasticity agent which allows for substrate durability, and allows for application of thicker coatings of intumescent film on a substrate with little or no mud cracking.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which allows the aforementioned new additives within the coating composition not to effect or degrade the overall thermal performance of the main intumescent base material.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which can be easily applied and mass produced in an automated and economical manner and is cost efficient for a variety of applications by the user.
- an intumescent fire-retardant coating material that includes an intumescent base material, a flame spread reduction agent, an oxygen reduction agent, a thermal transmission reduction agent, refractory fibers dispersed therein, a stabilizer, a volatile organic reduction component, a mechanical enhancer component for physical impact resistance and adhesion, a water-resistance agent and an elasticity agent to increase resistance to cracking and shrinking.
- This coating material can be used on most substrates and in severe climatic and environmental conditions where heat, cold, and humidity play an important factor in the fire-retardant standards for the structures involved including houses and to the interior and exterior of homes, roofs, factories, commercial buildings, airplanes, vehicles, ships, boats, sailboats, and the like.
- a top coat such as coal tar or polyurethane is required over the coating material of the present invention when used in said severe climatic conditions or when used in underwater applications.
- Other uses for this fire-retardant coating material include application to marine bulkheads; and cabins, floors, etc; airport loading bridges; off-shore oil drilling rigs; cable and conduit wraps; storage tanks; file cabinets and safes; firewall barriers for vehicles, buses, trucks, etc.
- the intumescent fire-retardant coating composition of this invention is suitable for a variety of material substrates such as iron, steel, stainless-steel, aluminum, non-ferrous metals, wood, ply-wood, chip-board, particle board, composite board, plastics, PVC, thermoplastics, epoxies, neoprene, rubber, and the like. 7
- the preferred embodiment of the intumescent fire-retardant coating composition includes the following:
- Intumescent base material including a 20% to 60% foaming agent, a blowing agent, a charring agent, a binding agent, a solvent and a pigment.
- Flame spread reduction agents such as 2% to 12% ammonium orthophosphate, aluminum trihydrate (Al 2 0 3 *»3H 2 0 ) , zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc borate ( 3ZnO * 2B 2 0 3 ) , sodium silicate (Na 2 Si0 3 ), calcium silicate (Ca 2 Si0 4 ), antimony oxide, zinc metaphosphate, and potassium metaphosphate.
- Oxygen reduction agents such as 1% to 5% urea (C0N 2 H 4 ), urea formaldehyde, dicyandiamide and melamine.
- Thermal transmission reduction agents such 2% to 6% as zirconium dioxide (Zr0 2 ), chromium oxide (CrO), yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3 ), and potassium oxide (K 2 0). 8
- Refractory fibers such as aluminum oxide 8% to 18%
- Ni 2 0 zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ), beryllium oxide (BeO), manganese oxide (MNO), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (Ti0 2 ) and tantalum oxide (Ta0 2 ).
- VOC volatile organic
- Mechanical enhancer components for 1% to 4% physical impact resistance and adhesion to a substrate such as calcium carbonate (CaC0 3 ), ceramic oxides, calcium silicate, sodium silicate.
- Water-resistance agents and efflorescence 4% to 8% reduction agents such as carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, ammonium polyphosphate (NH 4 H 2 P0 4 ), melamine-formaldehyde coatings, and other low solubility coatings and acrylics, silicones, diethylene glycol, and monoethyletheracetate.
- the fluid intumescent base material of the preferred embodiment includes a foaming agent, a blowing agent, a charring agent, a binding agent, a solvent and a pigment.
- the foaming agent can be chemical compounds or coated compounds that have a low water solubility such as ammonium phosphate or potassium tripolyphosphate.
- the blowing agent can be compounds such as melamine, urea, dicyandiamide, guanidine, or glycine.
- the charring agent can be compounds such as dipentaerythritol (DPE), chlorinated paraffin, pentaerythritol, polyurethane, resorcinol, inositol, polyalcohols, sorbitol, or dextrin.
- the binding agent can be compounds such as calcium carbonate or butoxyethoxy ethanol.
- the solvent can be water, oil, toluene, or propylene glycol.
- the pigment can be compounds such as titanium oxide, lamp black or oxalates.
- the intumescent material of the invention is mixed with 1.5 lbs. of aluminum trihydrate, 2.2 lbs. of milled refractory fibers, and 1.2 lbs. of ammonium polyphosphate.
- the composition is applied to Tl-11 siding comprising three walls of a room, in compliance with the specifications of the Uniform Building Code (UBC) 42-2.
- UBC Uniform Building Code
- the coating is applied to a thickness of .012 inches.
- the test is conducted according to UBC 42-2, with a 40kw corner exposure for five minutes, and a 150kw corner exposure for ten additional minutes.
- the maximum instantaneous increase in Radiant Heat Release (above the applied heat) is less than 20kw. 10
- Example 1 A composition identical to the one used in Example 1 is applied to three walls composed of cedar shakes, and installed in a room similar to Example 1. A soffett and facia section is installed, similar to the construction of a typical exterior of a residence. The coating is applied to a thickness of .012 inches, and top coated with a general exterior grade acrylic latex paint, suitable for house painting. The entire system is exposed to the fire and heat conditions of UBC 42-2, as in Example 1. The maximum instantaneous increase in Radiant Heat Release is less than 50kw.
- a composition identical to the one used in Example 1 is applied to the surface of 5/8 inch thick medium density (approximately 40 lbs./cu.ft.) particle board to a thickness of
- a propane torch rated at 2000 BTU/hour and having a flame temperature exceeding 2100°F, is used to heat the surface. After thirty minutes, the rear surface temperature of the particle board is less than 300°F.
- a composition identical to the one used in Example 1 is applied to the surface of a 12" x 24" sheet of type 6061 0.040 inch thick aluminum, at a coating thickness of .008 inches.
- the sample is tested with a propane burner, which exceeds the temperature and heat requirements of F.A.R. 25.855 Appendix F Part III.
- the aluminum does not warp, discolor or burn through for in excess of fifteen minutes, far exceeding the requirements of the F.A.R. standard.
- a composition identical to the one used in Example 1 is used to coat the outer jacket of five typical communication cables with varying diameters and jacket materials.
- the diameter of the cables varies from 0.5 inches to 2.0 inches.
- the jacket materials are various standard materials used for communications cables.
- the coating is two coats, or approximately .010 inches.
- the cables are tested in an oven configuration similar to the requirements of IEEE 383.
- the external cable temperatures of the small diameter cables do not exceed 200°F after 90 minutes.
- the temperatures of the large diameter cables do not exceed 125°F after 90 minutes.
- a composition identical to the one used in Example 1 is applied to a section of a plastic automobile gas tank.
- the sample is approximately six inches square, and coated with .010 inches of the composition.
- the sample is exposed to a 2000 BTU/Hour torch at a temperature of 1600°F for seven minutes.
- the maximum reverse surface temperature is less than 300°F after five minutes, and less than 420°F after seven minutes. 12
- a composition identical to the one used in Example 4 is used to coat a 6 x 6 x 1/8 inch section of cold rolled steel, at a thickness of .018 inches.
- the rear surface of the steel plate is insulated.
- the front surface is exposed to a 2000 BTU/Hour torch at 2100°F for five minutes.
- the rear surface temperature of the steel plate is less than 450°F after five minutes .
- a composition identical to the one used in Example 1 is applied to one surface of a door core, made of 1 5/8 inch thick, 34 lbs/cu.ft density particle board.
- the coating thickness is .008 inches.
- the coated door core is tested in an oven similar to the requirements of ASTM E152. After 60 minutes, the temperature of the rear of the door does not exceed 210°F anywhere on the door.
- a composition identical to the one used in Example 1 is applied to one surface of Auratone ceiling tiles manufactured by U.S. Gypsum.
- the coating thickness is 0.002 inches.
- the ceiling tiles are installed in a ceiling grid assembly in a full scale room furnace, and tested according to the requirements of FC 708. The ceiling grid did not reach thermal transmission failure for 125 minutes. The ceiling tile did not fall out of the assembly for in excess of 180 minutes .
- the intumescent fire-retardant coating material of the present invention can be used with a top coat, such as coal tar, in severe climatic and environmental conditions where heat, cold, humidity, and corrosion play an important factor in the fire-retardant standards for the structure, object, or 13 product being coated.
- a severe climatic and environmental application for the present invention would be oil-drilling rigs located in the Northern Atlantic Ocean. These rigs are constructed of steel and are subject to cold, salt-water and chemical corrosion, and temperature fluctuations.
- the coating material of the present invention would be sprayed or painted on the steel foundation and steel plant structures and then have a protective top coat applied, such as coal tar. This coating material bonds with the steel prior to placing of the rigs in the ocean, and in use the coating material will not delaminate itself from the steel structures of the rigs. This makes these oil rigs less susceptible to fire damage in case of an oil explosion or fire.
- the coating material can be applied to exterior siding, interior structures, roofing, garages, ceilings, penetration barriers, PVC wrappings and the like.
- the coating material also has application for residential dwellings, hotels and public accommodations, such that the coating material can be applied to wallpaper, ceiling tiles, kitchen cabinets, kitchen hoods, carpet backing, room walls, doors, file cabinets, safes, doors, PVC wrappings, wall barriers and the like.
- Another example of a typical application would be the coating of structural steel, columns, beams, steel decking, bar joists, hung ceilings for construction of commercial buildings, high-rise office buildings, high rise apartment complexes, bridges, tunnels, and the like.
- a further example of application would be the transportation industry where the fire-retardant coating 14 material would be used in autos, buses, trucks, cargo ships, and airplanes; for coating of vehicular undercarriages, exhaust systems, gas tanks, fire walls, engine compartments, catalytic converters, hoods, cargo liner patches, airport loading bridges, and the like.
- Still another example of application would be in the marine industry where the coating material would be used on bulkheads, piers, cabinet penetration barriers, cables, conduits, cargo areas, and offshore drilling platforms.
- a still further example of application would be in the telecommunications, utilities, petroleum, and chemical industries where the coating material would be used on cable wrap and coating, conduit wrap, communication towers, fire penetration barriers, seals, pipeline wraps, storage tanks, reactors, ovens, distillation columns, furnaces, and the like.
- an advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that is effective at continuously maintained temperatures as high as 2500°F for a long duration under severe environmental conditions, with reduced degradation of the mechanical properties of the original material being coated.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a thin intumescent fire-retardant coating for a substrate which provides for a low thermal transmission rate.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which reduces the available oxygen (0 2 ) in confined areas, to decrease the burning time and to retard the advent of flashover during a fire or explosion. 15
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition for a variety of low density wood products and composite wood products requiring zero flame spread during a prolonged exposure to fire.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which during a fire will not give-off vapors harmful to occupants.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that improves adhesion to many surfaces and resistance to abrasion and impact.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that is water resistant which reduces the hygroscopic aspect of the coating material.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that reduces hygroscopicity within the coating material such that the coating material on a given substrate has an improved and greater lifetime, and a higher performance when a fire occurs.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that is suitable for a variety of material substrates such as iron, steel, stainless-steel, aluminum, and non-ferrous metals, wood, plywood, chip-board, particle board, plastics, PVC, thermoplastics, epoxies, neoprene, rubber, and the like. 16
- material substrates such as iron, steel, stainless-steel, aluminum, and non-ferrous metals, wood, plywood, chip-board, particle board, plastics, PVC, thermoplastics, epoxies, neoprene, rubber, and the like.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that has application for use in many industries such as construction, transportation, telecommunications, utilities, marine, chemical, petroleum, manufacturing, and military applications.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that when applied to a substrate is able to resist corrosion due to chemicals, corrosive vapors, water, and salt-water; and in addition resist physical impact, high pressure, and/or mechanical vibrations without the coating material delaminating itself from the substrate.
- an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that includes a novel combination of an intumescent base material, a flame spread reduction agent, an oxygen reduction agent, a thermal transmission reduction agent, refractory fibers, a stabilizer, a volatile organic (VOC) reduction component, a mechanical enhancer component for physical impact resistance and adhesion to a substrate, a water-resistance agent and an elasticity agent.
- VOC volatile organic
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition that includes an elasticity agent which allows for substrate durability, and allows for application of thicker coatings of intumescent film on a substrate with little or no mud cracking.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which allows the aforementioned new additives within the coating composition not to effect or degrade the 17 overall thermal performance of the main intumescent base material.
- a further advantage of the present invention is that it provides for an intumescent fire-retardant coating composition which can be easily applied, and mass produced in an automated and economical manner and is cost efficient for a variety of applications by the user.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/003865 WO1999043390A1 (en) | 1995-12-29 | 1998-02-28 | Intumescent fire-retardant composition for high temperature and long duration protection |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1059967A1 true EP1059967A1 (en) | 2000-12-20 |
Family
ID=22266482
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98911432A Withdrawn EP1059967A1 (en) | 1998-02-28 | 1998-02-28 | Intumescent fire-retardant composition for high temperature and long duration protection |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1059967A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002504594A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100554275B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU6538498A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2321568A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100832141B1 (en) * | 2002-03-21 | 2008-05-27 | 주식회사 에프씨티 | watersoluble inorganic fire resistance |
KR100852710B1 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-08-19 | (주)엔셉코리아 | Fire retardancy and shape retention reinforced polyester |
CN102069519B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2013-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Fire retardant for wood, and preparation method and treatment process thereof |
GB2503937A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-15 | Goodwin Plc | Chemically and thermally exfoliated vermiculite fire resistant spray paint |
JP6080500B2 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2017-02-15 | 菊水化学工業株式会社 | Flame retardant coating agent composition, flame retardant organic material and flame retardant wood |
US9790392B2 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2017-10-17 | The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Coating composition, coating film obtained therefrom, multilayer structure, and process for producing multilayer structure |
KR102585154B1 (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2023-10-06 | 광성기업 주식회사 | Plastic composite material including flame retardant coating layer |
KR20220069627A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-27 | 광성기업 주식회사 | Plastic composite material with flame retardant coating layer |
-
1998
- 1998-02-28 CA CA002321568A patent/CA2321568A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-02-28 JP JP2000533180A patent/JP2002504594A/en active Pending
- 1998-02-28 AU AU65384/98A patent/AU6538498A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-02-28 EP EP98911432A patent/EP1059967A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-02-28 KR KR1020007009575A patent/KR100554275B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9943390A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20010106094A (en) | 2001-11-29 |
KR100554275B1 (en) | 2006-02-24 |
CA2321568A1 (en) | 1999-09-02 |
JP2002504594A (en) | 2002-02-12 |
AU6538498A (en) | 1999-09-15 |
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