EP1056983B1 - Schalldämpfer für feuerwaffen - Google Patents

Schalldämpfer für feuerwaffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1056983B1
EP1056983B1 EP99901790A EP99901790A EP1056983B1 EP 1056983 B1 EP1056983 B1 EP 1056983B1 EP 99901790 A EP99901790 A EP 99901790A EP 99901790 A EP99901790 A EP 99901790A EP 1056983 B1 EP1056983 B1 EP 1056983B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gun
silencer
walls
port
barrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99901790A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1056983A1 (de
Inventor
Gerald Lapwood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9801785.8A external-priority patent/GB9801785D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9815092.3A external-priority patent/GB9815092D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1056983A1 publication Critical patent/EP1056983A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1056983B1 publication Critical patent/EP1056983B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/30—Silencers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sound-moderator devices for guns.
  • Such devices are often loosely but colloquially referred to as “silencers”, and that term will for convenience be used hereinafter, even though it will be appreciated that no such device however efficient can hope to succeed in wholly-annulling and therefore completely silencing the report (noise) inevitably generated by the discharge of a gun.
  • the term "gun” is used herein quite generically, to embrace all kinds of forced-ballistic projectile-dischargers, thus not only the kind of firearms employed for military and most sporting purposes (whether hand-held or otherwise, and irrespective of whether they are small-bore or large-bore weapons) but also other kinds operated by gases under compression, e.g. those colloquially known as "airguns”, i.e. so-called air rifles and air-pistols.
  • Silencers for guns have been proposed and used since early this century. The most successful over the intervening years have proved to be those known as the Maxim Silencer and the Unique Silencer, which are illustrated in the respective Figures A and B of the accompanying drawings.
  • Both these classical designs of silencer are made to screw onto the muzzle of a gun, providing an enlarged chamber there into which the propulsive gases emergent from the muzzle can expand, and within which there are mounted usually-spiral baffles disposed either eccentrically or concentrically around the bullet path, which baffles engender gas-swirling or turbulent effects within the expansion chamber, that significantly dampen and attenuate the noise of the report.
  • silencers of this classical, baffled-chamber design are still in use 80 or more years later testifies to their usefulness, but nevertheless they do have their limitations and disadvantages. Apart from the fact that still further reduction in noise-level than they can achieve would be desirable, they have a particular drawback in that the baffles within the decompression-chamber are relatively fragile yet subject to intense temperature and mechanical stresses, so that they deteriorate with use and moreover need intermittent cleaning to remove deposits built-up thereupon during repeated use. As a generalization it would be fair to say that no silencer of this classical kind can be expected to remain serviceable beyond the passage therethrough of somewhere between say 200 and 2,000 rounds....
  • a gun-silencer mountable at the muzzle of a gun barrel said silencer comprising a baffle-free, generally-cylindrical gas-expansion chamber intermediate a proximal entry-port and a distal exit-port both aligned with said gun-barrel when mounted thereon, characterised in that the internal end walls of said expansion chamber are divergent from the entry-port at its proximal end over a curve whose ends subtend an angle not greater than 90°, and convergent on the exit-port at its distal end over a curve whose ends subtend an angle greater than 90°, so as to form an upstanding lip directed back towards the interior of the chamber.
  • the propulsive gases in part follow the projectile, i.e. along the "bullet-path" (though under less pressure and therefore more slowly) but also to a considerable extent are allowed and indeed induced by the smoothly-curving and divergent entry-end walls of the chamber to preferentially follow its contours and thereafter continue along the generally-cylindrical intermediate-section walls of the chamber.
  • the gun-silencer will normally include means at its proximal end for detachable mounting, upon a gun-barrel to which it is to be fitted, with its entry- and exit-ports aligned in communication with the muzzle of said gun-barrel.
  • the divergent curve at the proximal end will desirably be a substantially circular arc subtending an angle of 75 - 90°. This may be compared and contrasted with the fact that the convergent curve at the distal end will advantageously be a substantially circular arc subtending an angle of at least 100°.
  • the gun-silencer will preferably be so constructed and arranged that at least one end-wall thereof can be detached from and re-attached to the generally-cylindrical side-walls of the gas-expansion chamber thereby providing easy access to said chamber. It is in fact best if the silencer is so constructed and arranged that both the proximal and distal end-walls can be detached and reattached to the side-walls.
  • Such detachment and re-attachment can be most readily effected via screw-threaded inter-engagement between the respective end-wall and the side-walls.
  • the screw-threaded inter-engagement can most conveniently be provided at the point at which the respective curved end-wall merges or demerges flush with the intermediate side-walls.
  • a sealing ring will very desirably be interposed between the interengaged end-wall(s) and side-walls so as to establish a gas-tight seal therebetween.
  • a silenced gun comprising a gun-silencer as herein disclosed, mounted at the muzzle of the gun-barrel with its entry- and exit-ports aligned with said barrel.
  • the Maxim Silencer of Figure A has a cylindrical expansion chamber a around a non-axial bullet-path b passing between an entry-port c and an exit-port d , the ports and thus the bullet-path being arranged parallel to but offset from the axis of the expansion chamber.
  • Within the expansion chamber a there are disposed a series of spiral baffles e , e ' and so on, all of them eccentrically-apertured to surround the bullet-path, and arranged and held in proper alignment by grooves (not shown) within the expansion chamber.
  • the Unique Silencer of Figure B again has an expansion chamber a around a bullet-path b , (which however here is axial of the chamber) passing between an entry-port c and an exit-port d .
  • a series of baffles which however here comprise successive sections of spiral spring f , f ' and so on, interposed between successive centrally-apertured washers g , g ' and so on.
  • the sound-moderator device or "silencer” generally indicated 1 comprises a baffle-free gas-expansion chamber 2 between a bullet-entry end-wall 3 and a bullet-exit end-wall 4, said end-walls 3 and 4 being interconnected by generally-cylindrical intermediate side-walls 5.
  • the bullet-entry or "proximal" end-wall 3 is provided with an entry-port 6, aligned and concentric with the axis of the cylindrical intermediate side-walls 5, that axis defining the bullet-path, and the bullet-exit or "distal" end-wall 4 is similarly provided with a bullet-exit port 7, which again is aligned and concentric with the axis of the cylindrical intermediate side-walls 5 and thus the bullet-path.
  • the bullet-entry port 6 is internally screw-threaded at 8, and (now see Figures 2-4) correspondingly the gun-muzzle is externally screw-threaded, so that the gun-silencer 1 and the gun-muzzle can be threadedly interengaged as shown at 9.
  • the threaded-engagement between end-piece 3 and intermediate section 5 is rendered gas-proof by interposition therebetween of sealing ring 11.
  • intermediate side-walls 5 is externally screw-threaded; and the proximal end of bullet-exit end-wall 4 is internally screw-threaded, so that the end-wall 4 and side-walls 5 can be threadedly-interengaged as shown at 12.
  • this threaded interengagement 12 is rendered gas-proof by interposition of a sealing ring 13.
  • gas-expansion chamber is baffle-free, and that the internal walls of bullet-entry end-piece 3 diverge arcuately from entry-port 6 to merge flush with the internal walls of intermediate section 5. The ends of that arc subtend an angle of 90° or (dependent on the angle at which the arcuate wall departs from the entry-port 6) less.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the silencer as a bullet 20 leaves the gun-muzzle 9 and enters the expansion chamber 2, followed by the propulsive gases 21 which as the bullet 20 is emergent from the gun muzzle 9 diverge towards the sides of chamber 3 along the direction of arrows 21' and 21".
  • Figure 3 illustrates the silencer a fraction later, showing the bullet 20 in mid-chamber, followed more slowly by some of the axially-flowing propulsive gases 21"', and parting the gases already within the chamber in a "slipstream" in the direction of arrows 22' and 22" towards the side-walls 5. Meanwhile the diverged explosion gases 21' and 21" have followed the internal contour of proximal end-wall 3 and are passing in quasi-laminar flow along and adjacent to side-walls 5, but behind the bullet 20 - which is followed more slowly by some of the axially-flowing propulsive gases 21"' but leaving behind it a "dead space” 23.
  • Figure 4 shows the moment at which the bullet 20 emerges from the exit-port 7, with its dead space 23 to be found in and/or adjacent that exit-port, and followed of course by the slow-moving axial-flow gases 21"', but with the peripheral-flow gases 21' and 21" now diverted towards the exit-port 7 and indeed deflected by the reentrant curve on end-wall 4 backwardly towards and into the dead space 23.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer (1), der an der Mündung eines Feuerwaffenlaufs anbringbar ist, wobei der Schalldämpfer eine im allgemeinen zylindrische Gasexpansionskammer (2) ohne Schalldämpfmaterial zwischen einer nahen Eintrittsöffnung (6) und einer fernen Austrittsöffnung (7) liegend umfaßt, die beide mit dem Feuerwaffenlauf wenn daran angebracht ausgerichtet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die inneren Endwände der Expansionskammer von der Eintrittsöffnung an seinem nahen Ende (3) über eine Kurve divergieren, deren Enden einen Winkel nicht größer als 90° umschließen, und an der Austrittsöffnung (6) an seinem fernen Ende (7) über einer Kurve konvergieren, deren Enden einen Winkel größer als 90° umschließen, um eine aufrechte Lippe zu bilden, die zu dem Inneren der Kammer hin zurück gerichtet ist.
  2. Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß Anspruch 1, der Mittel (8) an seinem nahem Ende (3) zum abnehmbaren Anbringen auf einem Feuerwaffenlauf (9) aufweist, an den er anzupassen ist, wobei seine Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnungen (6 und 7) in Kommunikation mit der Mündung des Feuerwaffenlaufs ausgerichtet sind.
  3. Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, in dem die divergente Kurve an dem nahen Ende (3) ein im wesentlichen kreisförmiger Bogen ist, der ein Winkel von 75 - 90° umschließt.
  4. Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, in dem die konvergente Kurve an dem fernen Ende (4) ein im wesentlichen kreisförmiger Bogen ist, der einen Winkel von mindestens 100° umschließt.
  5. Mehrteiliger Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, derart aufgebaut und angeordnet, daß mindestens eine Endwand (3 und/oder 4) desselben von den im allgemeinen zylindrischen Seitenwänden (5) der Gasexpansionskammer (2) abgenommen und an diesen erneut angebracht werden kann, wodurch Zugriff auf die Kammer ermöglicht wird.
  6. Mehrteiliger Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß Anspruch 5, derart aufgebaut und angeordnet, daß sowohl die nahen als auch die fernen Endwände (3, 4) von den Seitenwänden (5) abgenommen and an diesen wieder befestigt werden können.
  7. Mehrteiliger Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß Anspruch 5 oder Anspruch 6, in dem die Abnahme und Wiederbefestigung mittels eines Gewindeeingriffs zwischen der jeweiligen Endwand (3 und/oder 4) und den Seitenwänden (5) bewirkt werden kann.
  8. Mehrteiliger Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß Anspruch 7, in dem der Gewindeeingriff an dem Punkt vorgesehen ist, an dem sich die jeweilige gekrümmte Endwand (3 und/oder 4) bündig mit den Zwischen-Seitenwänden (5) vereinigt oder trennt.
  9. Mehrteiliger Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß Anspruch 7 oder Anspruch 8, in dem ein Dichtungsring (10 und/oder 13) zwischen den in Eingriff genommenen Endwänden (3 und/oder 4) und den Seitenwänden (5) angeordnet sind, um eine gasdichte Dichtung dazwischen einzurichten,
  10. Schallgedämpfte Feuerwaffe mit einem Feuerwaffen-Schalldämpfer gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, der an der Mündung (9) eines Feuerwaffenlaufs angebracht ist, wobei seine Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnungen (6 und 7) mit dem Lauf ausgerichtet sind.
EP99901790A 1998-01-29 1999-01-22 Schalldämpfer für feuerwaffen Expired - Lifetime EP1056983B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9801785.8A GB9801785D0 (en) 1998-01-29 1998-01-29 The husher
GB9801785 1998-01-29
GBGB9815092.3A GB9815092D0 (en) 1998-07-11 1998-07-11 Sound-moderator devices for guns
GB9815092 1998-07-11
PCT/GB1999/000235 WO1999039147A1 (en) 1998-01-29 1999-01-22 Sound-moderator devices for guns

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1056983A1 EP1056983A1 (de) 2000-12-06
EP1056983B1 true EP1056983B1 (de) 2002-05-02

Family

ID=26313029

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99901790A Expired - Lifetime EP1056983B1 (de) 1998-01-29 1999-01-22 Schalldämpfer für feuerwaffen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1056983B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE217074T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2178899A (de)
DE (1) DE69901384D1 (de)
WO (1) WO1999039147A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB581974A (en) * 1942-07-15 1946-10-31 Wikter Aleksander Kulikowski Improvements in and relating to the silencing of fire arms
DE1275412B (de) * 1964-11-30 1968-08-14 Walther C Fa Schalldaempfer fuer Feuerwaffen
US3478841A (en) * 1967-07-07 1969-11-18 Walther Carl Sportwaffen Silencer for firearms discharging gasses at supersonic velocity
US4341283A (en) * 1980-10-15 1982-07-27 Mazzanti Vincent E Sound suppression system
US4974489A (en) * 1989-10-25 1990-12-04 Fishbaugh Franklin J Suppressor for firearms
US5029512A (en) * 1990-04-16 1991-07-09 Latka Gregory S Firearm muzzle silencer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69901384D1 (de) 2002-06-06
ATE217074T1 (de) 2002-05-15
WO1999039147A1 (en) 1999-08-05
EP1056983A1 (de) 2000-12-06
AU2178899A (en) 1999-08-16

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