EP1056545B2 - Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge with multistage planetary gear train - Google Patents

Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge with multistage planetary gear train Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1056545B2
EP1056545B2 EP99902523A EP99902523A EP1056545B2 EP 1056545 B2 EP1056545 B2 EP 1056545B2 EP 99902523 A EP99902523 A EP 99902523A EP 99902523 A EP99902523 A EP 99902523A EP 1056545 B2 EP1056545 B2 EP 1056545B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
gear train
planetary gear
screw
bearing
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99902523A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1056545B1 (en
EP1056545A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Beyer
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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Westfalia Separator GmbH
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Application filed by Westfalia Separator GmbH filed Critical Westfalia Separator GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B1/2016—Driving control or mechanisms; Arrangement of transmission gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B1/2016—Driving control or mechanisms; Arrangement of transmission gearing
    • B04B2001/2025—Driving control or mechanisms; Arrangement of transmission gearing with drive comprising a planetary gear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solid bowl screw centrifuge with a mounted on the two end faces, rotatable about a horizontal axis, drivable drum and a coaxially rotatably mounted therein, with a differential speed relative to the drum drivable screw conveyor, wherein the drive comprises a multi-stage planetary gear, the Housing jacket with the drum shell and the output shaft is connected to the screw conveyor.
  • the housing of the multi-stage planetary gear rotates in operation about the horizontal axis of rotation of the drum. Since the gear housing is connected to the drum shell, these components have the same speed.
  • Solid shell screw centrifuges are known in which the epicyclic gearing with the drum is arranged between the drum bearings or outside the drive-side drum bearing.
  • the natural frequency of the drum is one of the limiting factors for the maximum possible drum speed.
  • the internal gearbox reduces the maximum length of the drum by the gear width. Because of the high torques in large worm centrifuges, it may be necessary to perform the epicyclic gearboxes in multiple stages, whereby their width is still increasing. On the other hand, the high torques but also lead to such large diameters of the transmission output shaft that an outboard gearbox is out of the question because of the associated disadvantageous bearing size.
  • the invention has the object of providing a screw centrifuge of the type mentioned in such a way that high circumferential speeds of the drum and large drum diameter are possible when using multi-stage planetary gears.
  • the gear-side drum bearing accommodates the intermediate piece and a shaft connecting the gear stages.
  • the diameter of the intermediate piece thus corresponds to the inner diameter of a suitable drum bearing.
  • At least the last gear stage is arranged with the largest torque with the drum between the drum bearings, so that the transmission output shaft with the largest diameter does not have to be performed by the gear-side drum bearings and the transmission width only partially affects the bearing distance of the drum
  • the other gear stages can be designed as an external gear unit.
  • the gear housing must be formed in two parts, so that the bearing can be mounted in the region of the intermediate piece.
  • the solid bowl centrifuges used in the Fig. 1 to 6 have a drum 1 which is rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis 2.
  • a screw conveyor not shown, coaxially arranged and also rotatably mounted about the horizontal axis 2.
  • the drive of the screw conveyor via an output shaft 3 of a multi-stage planetary gear 4, which in the solid bowl screw centrifuge after Fig. 1 is arranged with the drum 1 between the bearings 5.6.
  • the planetary gear 4 is provided outside of the transmission-side bearing 5.
  • Embodiments of the construction according to the invention are in the Fig. 3 and 6 demonstrated.
  • the gear-side drum bearing 5 between the stages 7 and 8 of the epicyclic gear 9 is arranged.
  • the gear housing 10, which rotates during operation, is connected to the drum shell 11 and has, in the region of the gear-side drum bearing 5, a cylindrical intermediate piece 12 whose diameter is reduced relative to the housing parts of the gear stages 7 and 8.
  • the bearing 5 thus accommodates the intermediate piece 12 and a shaft 13 connecting the gear stages 7 and 8.
  • the intermediate piece 12 is divided transversely to the axis of rotation 2 and indeed for assembly reasons.
  • the drum shell 11 may have a diameter which is greater than 1,000 mm.
  • the ratio between the center distance L of the bearings 5 and 6 of the drum 1 and the diameter D of the drum shell 11 (L / D) may be greater than 3.8.
  • the torque between the drum and screw conveyor may e.g. 100,000 Nm.
  • the circumferential speed at the inner radius of the drum shell 11 may be greater than 105 m / s.
  • the inventive arrangement of the gear-side drum bearing between two stages of a multi-stage planetary gear is particularly suitable for very large decanters.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a screw-type centrifuge configured in such a way that the use of multistage planetary gear trains allows for high peripheral speeds of the drum and large drum diameters. According to the invention the drum bearing (5) on the gear train side is positioned between two stages (7, 8) of the multistage planetary gear train. The housing jacket (10) of the multistage planetary gear train, which is connected to the drum jacket (11) and therefore rotates at the same r.p.m., has an intermediate piece (12) which has a small diameter and is housed by the drum bearing (5) together with a shaft (13) connecting the gear train stages (7 and 8). The system provided for in the invention, according to which the drum bearing (5) on the gear train side is positioned between two stages of the multistage planetary gear train, is used in the case of very large decanters for which the drum rotates at very high peripheral speeds.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge mit einer an den beiden Stirnseiten gelagerten, um eine horizontale Achse drehbaren, antreibbaren Trommel und einer koaxial darin drehbar gelagerten, mit einer Differenzdrehzahl gegenüber der Trommel antreibbaren Förderschnecke, wobei der Antrieb ein mehrstufiges Umlaufgetriebe aufweist, dessen Gehäusemantel mit dem Trommelmantel und dessen Abtriebswelle mit der Förderschnecke verbunden ist.The invention relates to a solid bowl screw centrifuge with a mounted on the two end faces, rotatable about a horizontal axis, drivable drum and a coaxially rotatably mounted therein, with a differential speed relative to the drum drivable screw conveyor, wherein the drive comprises a multi-stage planetary gear, the Housing jacket with the drum shell and the output shaft is connected to the screw conveyor.

Mit Hilfe einer Differenzdrehzahl zwischen Trommel und Schnecke wird der Feststoff zum Feststoffaustrag an einem stirnseitigen Trommelende geführt.With the help of a differential speed between the drum and the screw, the solid is led to the solids discharge at a front end of the drum.

Das Gehäuse des mehrstufigen Umlaufgetriebes rotiert im Betrieb um die horizontale Drehachse der Trommel. Da das Getriebegehäuse mit dem Trommelmantel verbunden ist, haben diese Bauteile die gleiche Drehzahl.The housing of the multi-stage planetary gear rotates in operation about the horizontal axis of rotation of the drum. Since the gear housing is connected to the drum shell, these components have the same speed.

Es sind Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifugen bekannt, bei denen das Umlaufgetriebe mit der Trommel zwischen den Trommellagern oder außerhalb des antriebsseitigen Trommellagers angeordnet ist.Solid shell screw centrifuges are known in which the epicyclic gearing with the drum is arranged between the drum bearings or outside the drive-side drum bearing.

Aus der US-PS 3 061 181 ist eine Schneckenzentrifuge bekannt, bei der das Umlaufgetriebe mit der Trommel zwischen den Trommellagern vorgesehen ist. Bei dieser Schneckenzentrifuge mit dem sog. "innenliegenden Getriebe" kann zwar das antriebsseitige Lager relativ kleingehalten werden, jedoch wächst der Abstand zwischen den beiden Lagern um die Baubreite des Umlaufgetriebes.From the U.S. Patent No. 3,061,181 a worm centrifuge is known in which the epicyclic gear with the drum is provided between the drum bearings. In this screw centrifuge with the so-called. "Inboard gear" Although the drive-side bearing can be kept relatively small, but the distance between the two camps increases by the width of the planetary gear.

Aus der US-PS 5 403 260 ist eine Schneckenzentrifuge bekannt, bei der das Umlaufgetriebe außerhalb der Trommellagerung angeordnet ist. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein sog. "außenliegendes Getriebe". Nachteilig ist, daß sowohl die Nabe des Gehäuses des Umlaufgetriebes als auch die Getriebeabtriebswelle durch das antriebsseitige Lager der Trommel hindurchgeführt werden müssen. Die sich daraus ergebende Lagergröße führt bei hohen Drehzahlen der Trommel und der Förderschnecke zu Problemen.From the U.S. Patent 5,403,260 a worm centrifuge is known in which the planetary gear is arranged outside of the drum bearing. This is a so-called "outboard gearbox". The disadvantage is that both the hub of the housing of the epicyclic gear and the transmission output shaft must be passed through the drive-side bearing of the drum. The resulting bearing size leads to problems at high speeds of the drum and screw conveyor.

Bei großen Schneckenzentrifugen ist die Eigenfrequenz der Trommel eine der limitierenden Größen für die maximal mögliche Trommeldrehzahl. Je größer der Lagerabstand L zwischen den Trommellagern ist, desto niedriger ist die Eigenfrequenz ω der Trommel, wodurch die maximal mögliche Betriebsdrehzahl der Trommel reduziert wird
ω ∼ 1/L2.For large screw centrifuges, the natural frequency of the drum is one of the limiting factors for the maximum possible drum speed. The larger the bearing distance L between the drum bearings, the lower the natural frequency ω of the drum, whereby the maximum possible operating speed of the drum is reduced
ω ~ 1 / L 2 .

Aus verfahrenstechnischen Gründen ist im allgemeinen ein großes Verhältnis von Trommellänge zum Trommeldurchmesser D erwünscht (L/D).For procedural reasons, a large ratio of drum length to drum diameter D is generally desirable (L / D).

Durch das innenliegende Getriebe wird wegen der vorgenannten Problematik die maximale Baulänge der Trommel um die Getriebebreite reduziert. Wegen der hohen Drehmomente bei großen Schneckenzentrifugen kann es erforderlich sein, die Umlaufgetriebe mehrstufig auszuführen, wodurch deren Breite noch zunimmt. Andererseits führen die hohen Drehmomente aber auch zu so großen Durchmessern der Getriebeabtriebswelle, daß ein außenliegendes Getriebe wegen der damit verbundenen nachteiligen Lagergröße nicht in Frage kommt.Due to the aforementioned problem, the internal gearbox reduces the maximum length of the drum by the gear width. Because of the high torques in large worm centrifuges, it may be necessary to perform the epicyclic gearboxes in multiple stages, whereby their width is still increasing. On the other hand, the high torques but also lead to such large diameters of the transmission output shaft that an outboard gearbox is out of the question because of the associated disadvantageous bearing size.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schneckenzentrifuge der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß bei Verwendung von mehrstufigen Umlaufgetrieben hohe Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten der Trommel und große Trommeldurchmesser möglich sind.The invention has the object of providing a screw centrifuge of the type mentioned in such a way that high circumferential speeds of the drum and large drum diameter are possible when using multi-stage planetary gears.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by claim 1.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist das Gehäuse des mehrstufigen Umlaufgetriebes im Bereich des getriebeseitigen Trommellagers ein zylindrisches Zwischenstück mit gegenüber den Gehäuseteilen der Getriebestufen reduziertem Durchmesser auf. Das getriebeseitige Trommellager nimmt das Zwischenstück und eine die Getriebestufen verbindende Welle auf. Der Durchmesser des Zwischenstücks entspricht somit dem Innendurchmesser eines geeigneten Trommellagers.In an advantageous embodiment, the housing of the multi-stage epicyclic gear in the region of the gear-side drum bearing on a cylindrical intermediate piece with respect to the housing parts of the gear stages reduced diameter. The gear-side drum bearing accommodates the intermediate piece and a shaft connecting the gear stages. The diameter of the intermediate piece thus corresponds to the inner diameter of a suitable drum bearing.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung ist zumindest die letzte Getriebestufe mit dem größten Drehmoment mit der Trommel zwischen den Trommellagern angeordnet, so daß die Getriebeabtriebswelle mit dem größten Durchmesser nicht durch das getriebeseitige Trommellager geführt werden muß und sich die Getriebebaubreite nur zum Teil auf den Lagerabstand der Trommel auswirkt. Die weiteren Getriebestufen können als außenliegender Getriebeanteil ausgeführt werden. Das Getriebegehäuse muß zweiteilig ausgebildet sein, damit das Lager im Bereich des Zwischenstücks montiert werden kann.In the embodiment of the invention, at least the last gear stage is arranged with the largest torque with the drum between the drum bearings, so that the transmission output shaft with the largest diameter does not have to be performed by the gear-side drum bearings and the transmission width only partially affects the bearing distance of the drum , The other gear stages can be designed as an external gear unit. The gear housing must be formed in two parts, so that the bearing can be mounted in the region of the intermediate piece.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
in schematischer Darstellung eine bekannte Schneckenzentrifuge mit einem innenliegenden, mehrstufigen Umlaufgetriebe,
Figur 2
eine bekannte Schneckenzentrifuge mit außenliegendem, mehrstufigen Umlaufgetriebe in schematischer Darstellung,
Figur 3
eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführung in schematischer Darstellung,
Figur 4
eine bekannte Schneckenzentrifuge, bei der im Gegensatz zu der Ausführung nach der Fig. 1 das Umlaufgetriebe an dem Ende der Trommel angeordnet ist, an dem die Flüssigkeit ausgetragen wird,
Figur 5
eine bekannte Schneckenzentrifuge, bei der im Gegensatz zu der Aus führung nach der Fig. 2 das Umlaufgetriebe an dem Ende der Trommel vorgesehen ist, an dem die Flüssigkeit abgeworfen wird und
Figur 6
eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführung mit dem Umlaufgetriebe am flüssigkeitsseitigen Trommelende.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of a known screw centrifuge with an internal, multi-stage planetary gear,
FIG. 2
a known screw centrifuge with external, multi-stage planetary gear in a schematic representation,
FIG. 3
an embodiment according to the invention in a schematic representation,
FIG. 4
a known screw centrifuge, in contrast to the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 the planetary gear is disposed at the end of the drum where the liquid is discharged,
FIG. 5
a known screw centrifuge, in contrast to the imple mentation according to the Fig. 2 the epicyclic gear is provided at the end of the drum where the liquid is dropped and
FIG. 6
an embodiment of the invention with the epicyclic gear on the liquid side drum end.

Die Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifugen, die in den Fig. 1 bis 6 aufgezeigt sind, weisen eine Trommel 1 auf, die um eine horizontale Achse 2 drehbar gelagert ist. In der Trommel ist eine nicht dargestellte Förderschnecke koaxial angeordnet und ebenfalls um die horizontale Achse 2 drehbar gelagert. Der Antrieb der Förderschnecke erfolgt über eine Abtriebswelle 3 eines mehrstufigen Umlaufgetriebes 4, das bei der Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge nach der Fig. 1 mit der Trommel 1 zwischen den Lagern 5,6 angeordnet ist.The solid bowl centrifuges used in the Fig. 1 to 6 are shown, have a drum 1 which is rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis 2. In the drum, a screw conveyor, not shown, coaxially arranged and also rotatably mounted about the horizontal axis 2. The drive of the screw conveyor via an output shaft 3 of a multi-stage planetary gear 4, which in the solid bowl screw centrifuge after Fig. 1 is arranged with the drum 1 between the bearings 5.6.

Bei der Ausführung nach der Fig. 2 ist das Umlaufgetriebe 4 außerhalb des getriebeseitigen Lagers 5 vorgesehen.In the execution of the Fig. 2 the planetary gear 4 is provided outside of the transmission-side bearing 5.

Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion sind in den Fig. 3 und 6 aufgezeigt. Bei diesen Ausführungen ist das getriebeseitige Trommellager 5 zwischen den Stufen 7 und 8 des Umlaufgetriebes 9 angeordnet. Das Getriebegehäuse 10, das im Betrieb umläuft, ist mit dem Trommelmantel 11 verbunden und weist im Bereich des getriebeseitigen Trommellagers 5 ein zylindrisches Zwischenstück 12 auf, dessen Durchmesser gegenüber den Gehäuseteilen der Getriebestufen 7 und 8 reduziert ist. Das Lager 5 nimmt somit das Zwischenstück 12 und eine die Getriebestufen 7 und 8 verbindende Welle 13 auf.Embodiments of the construction according to the invention are in the Fig. 3 and 6 demonstrated. In these embodiments, the gear-side drum bearing 5 between the stages 7 and 8 of the epicyclic gear 9 is arranged. The gear housing 10, which rotates during operation, is connected to the drum shell 11 and has, in the region of the gear-side drum bearing 5, a cylindrical intermediate piece 12 whose diameter is reduced relative to the housing parts of the gear stages 7 and 8. The bearing 5 thus accommodates the intermediate piece 12 and a shaft 13 connecting the gear stages 7 and 8.

Das Zwischenstück 12 ist quer zur Drehachse 2 geteilt und zwar aus Montagegründen.The intermediate piece 12 is divided transversely to the axis of rotation 2 and indeed for assembly reasons.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung der Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge kann der Trommelmantel 11 einen Durchmesser aufweisen, der größer als 1.000 mm ist. Das Verhältnis zwischen dem Achsabstand L der Lager 5 und 6 der Trommel 1 und dem Durchmesser D des Trommelmantels 11 (L/D) kann größer sein als 3,8. Das Drehmoment zwischen Trommel und Förderschnecke kann z.B. 100.000 Nm betragen. Die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit am Innenradius des Trommelmantels 11 kann größer sein als 105 m/s.In the design of the solid bowl screw centrifuge according to the invention, the drum shell 11 may have a diameter which is greater than 1,000 mm. The ratio between the center distance L of the bearings 5 and 6 of the drum 1 and the diameter D of the drum shell 11 (L / D) may be greater than 3.8. The torque between the drum and screw conveyor may e.g. 100,000 Nm. The circumferential speed at the inner radius of the drum shell 11 may be greater than 105 m / s.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung des getriebeseitigen Trommellagers zwischen zwei Stufen eines mehrstufigen Umlaufgetriebes eignet sich insbesondere für sehr große Dekanter.The inventive arrangement of the gear-side drum bearing between two stages of a multi-stage planetary gear is particularly suitable for very large decanters.

Aus den Darstellungen der erfindungsgemäßen Schneckenzentrifugen in den Fig. 3 und 6 ergibt sich, daß das Umlaufgetriebe mit der Anordnung des Trommellagers 5 zwischen den Getriebestufen am feststoffseitigen oder am flüssigkeitsseitigen Trommelende vorgesehen werden kann.From the illustrations of the screw centrifuges according to the invention in the Fig. 3 and 6 shows that the planetary gear can be provided with the arrangement of the drum bearing 5 between the gear stages on the solids side or on the liquid side drum end.

Claims (3)

  1. Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge having a drivable drum, which is mounted at the two end sides and can rotate about its horizontal axis, and a feed screw which is mounted rotatably coaxially therein and can be driven at a differential speed with respect to the drum, the drive having a multi-stage planetary gear train, the housing shell of which is connected to the drum shell and the driven shaft of which is connected to the feed screw, characterized in that the drum bearing (5) on the gear train side is provided between two stages (7, 8) of the multi-stage planetary gear train and the drum shell has an inside diameter D which is greater than 1000 mm, the ratio between the axial distance L of the bearings (5, 6) of the drum and the diameter D of the drum shell (11) (UD) is greater than 3.8, the torque between the drum and the feed screw is large (for example 100 000 Nm) and the circumferential speed at the inside radius of the drum shell (11) is greater than 105 m/s.
  2. Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the region of the drum bearing (5) on the gear train side the housing, (10) of the multistage planetary gear train has a cylindrical intermediate element (12) having a diameter which is reduced in comparison with the housing parts of the gear-train stages, and the bearing (5) accommodates the intermediate element (12) and a shaft (13) connecting the gear-train stages (7, 8).
  3. Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge according to Claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate element (12) is divided transversely with respect to the axis of rotation (2).
EP99902523A 1998-02-17 1999-01-07 Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge with multistage planetary gear train Expired - Lifetime EP1056545B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19806374 1998-02-17
DE19806374A DE19806374C1 (en) 1998-02-17 1998-02-17 Split drive for large centrifugal decanter
PCT/EP1999/000055 WO1999042220A1 (en) 1998-02-17 1999-01-07 Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge with multistage planetary gear train

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1056545A1 EP1056545A1 (en) 2000-12-06
EP1056545B1 EP1056545B1 (en) 2002-06-05
EP1056545B2 true EP1056545B2 (en) 2012-08-01

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EP99902523A Expired - Lifetime EP1056545B2 (en) 1998-02-17 1999-01-07 Screw-type solid bowl centrifuge with multistage planetary gear train

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6387032B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1056545B2 (en)
JP (1) JP4212236B2 (en)
DE (2) DE19806374C1 (en)
DK (1) DK1056545T4 (en)
NO (1) NO319825B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999042220A1 (en)

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US6589154B2 (en) * 2001-05-30 2003-07-08 Alfa Laval Inc. Decanter centrifuge with a gear box mounted on the bowl
ATE309049T1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2005-11-15 Andritz Guinard S A S DRIVE SYSTEM OF A CENTRIFUGE
DE102006028804A1 (en) 2006-06-23 2007-12-27 Westfalia Separator Ag Slug centrifuge with drive device
DE102006028803A1 (en) * 2006-06-23 2007-12-27 Westfalia Separator Ag screw centrifuge
WO2012034722A2 (en) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-22 Hiller Gmbh Drive device in a helical conveyor centrifuge

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1056545B1 (en) 2002-06-05
DE59901620D1 (en) 2002-07-11
WO1999042220A1 (en) 1999-08-26
US6387032B1 (en) 2002-05-14
NO20004078D0 (en) 2000-08-15
JP2002503549A (en) 2002-02-05
DE19806374C1 (en) 1999-07-01
DK1056545T3 (en) 2002-09-16
JP4212236B2 (en) 2009-01-21
DK1056545T4 (en) 2012-10-29
NO319825B1 (en) 2005-09-19
NO20004078L (en) 2000-08-15
EP1056545A1 (en) 2000-12-06

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