EP1054744A1 - Method and device for forming a workpiece by application of a high internal pressure - Google Patents

Method and device for forming a workpiece by application of a high internal pressure

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Publication number
EP1054744A1
EP1054744A1 EP99906169A EP99906169A EP1054744A1 EP 1054744 A1 EP1054744 A1 EP 1054744A1 EP 99906169 A EP99906169 A EP 99906169A EP 99906169 A EP99906169 A EP 99906169A EP 1054744 A1 EP1054744 A1 EP 1054744A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
workpiece
vibration exciter
vibration
generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99906169A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1054744B1 (en
Inventor
Arndt Bikert
Stefan Bobbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1054744A1 publication Critical patent/EP1054744A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1054744B1 publication Critical patent/EP1054744B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/037—Forming branched tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for hydroforming a workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 7.
  • a generic method or a generic device is known from DE 94 07 812.2 U1.
  • a hollow profile forming the workpiece is inserted into an internal high-pressure forming tool that is divided along the extent of the hollow profile, after which it is closed.
  • the hollow profile is then sealed at both ends by an axial ram.
  • the interior of the hollow profile is filled using the axial plunger.
  • the axial rams are fluidly connected to a pressure generator.
  • An internal high pressure is then applied within the hollow profile by means of the pressure generator, as a result of which the latter is expanded until it bears against the wall of the tool engraving.
  • the tool engraving has a branch which radially leads away from the hollow profile extension and into which the hollow profile material is displaced by the application of high internal pressure to form a neck.
  • the material attaches to the branch wall.
  • the process on the inside of the branch is stabilized by a counter slide that is slidably guided in the branch and supports the necking in the end area.
  • an additional axial force which is caused by retracting the axial pel is applied, hollow profile material is pushed to the branch point, whereby the thinning of the material responsible for bursting in the branch area is at least partially compensated.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a generic method and a generic device in such a way that the process reliability in the internal high pressure forming of workpieces is improved.
  • the invention achieves an improved shaping of workpieces made of materials with low deformability.
  • the amplitude and frequency of the pressure oscillation must be adapted accordingly, taking into account the workpiece material and the degree of forming of the shape to be achieved, i.e. the geometry of the finished formed workpiece or other relevant process parameters.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the device according to the invention in a lateral longitudinal section
  • Fig. 2 in a pressure-time diagram schematically the course of the pressure vibration generated with the device of Fig. L.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for the internal high-pressure forming of a hollow-profile-shaped workpiece 2, the device 1 including an internal high-pressure forming tool 3 which is formed in two parts.
  • the division plane 4 of the forming tool 3 consisting of an upper tool 5 and a lower tool 6 runs along the longitudinal extent of the workpiece 2.
  • a branch 7 is formed in the upper tool 5, in which a counter-holder 8 is displaceably guided.
  • the tubular workpiece 2 is in one of the upper tool 5 and lower witness 6 formed cavity, the engraving 9 added.
  • the forming tool 3 is in the closed position.
  • the workpiece 2 is sealed at both ends by axial punches 10 and 11, both axial punches 10 and 11 being tracked during the shaping to maintain the tightness in accordance with the expansion-related shortening of the pipe. It is conceivable that an additional axially acting force (in the direction of the arrow) is exerted on the pipe ends 12 and 13 via the axial rams 10 and 11, as a result of which material of the hollow profile is extended to the Au extension, here the branch 7.
  • the counter-holder 8 supports (in the direction of the arrow) the neck 14 formed in the branch 7 in a controlled manner and thus prevents the hollow profile from thinning the workpiece material there quickly because of the risk of cracking.
  • the workpiece 2 is filled via an inlet bore 15 at least in the axial ram 11.
  • a feed line 16 is connected to the inlet bore 15, via which the hydraulic pressure fluid is introduced into the workpiece 2 and which leads to a pressure fluid generation system.
  • This is designed as a reciprocating piston engine. Its piston 19 is moved back and forth during operation, as a result of which it periodically acts on the liquid column in the fluid line 17 in the form of a sine curve.
  • the pressure oscillation generated in this way is superimposed on the delivery pressure which is delivered essentially continuously via the pressure generator. Continuously means here that the pressure curve of the delivery pressure of the pressure intensifier is constant.
  • the internal high pressure is also introduced in the form of a pressure oscillation into the cavity 20 of the workpiece 2, which is widened and bears against the engraving 9 of the forming tool 3.
  • the internal high pressure p ⁇ with the forming time t depends on the process now increased in the form of a vibration. This results in areas 23 of reduced pressure between the maxima 21 of the pressure curve 22, so that the friction of the hollow profile being formed on the engraving 9 is reduced in these time intervals.
  • the pressure oscillation is low-frequency and can preferably have a frequency in the range 0 ⁇ v ⁇ 50 Hz, which particularly favors the deformation. However, higher frequencies of up to several hundred or a thousand hertz are also possible.
  • the assembly of the device for generating the oscillating internal high pressure is designed by separately known inexpensive system components, a fluid line 17 only having to be connected to the usual delivery line 16 and a piston engine having to be integrated into it.
  • the pressure generator itself as a pressure vibration exciter 18 instead of the separately arranged reciprocating piston engine, the pressure booster piston being driven in an oscillating manner in accordance with the piston 19 of the reciprocating piston engine.
  • the separate fluid line 17 can be dispensed with in a structurally simplified manner, wherein there is now no superimposition of two pressure profiles, since the pressure generator applies the internal pressure in the form of a vibration.
  • the pressure vibration exciter 18 is integrated into the fluid delivery line 16 between the pressure generator and workpiece 2, with the fluid line 17 being eliminated.
  • the pressure vibration exciter 18 can also be designed as a driven unbalanced mass, for example a vibrating element, or as a piezo element and as an actuator. The latter two configurations are small and advantageously have the possibility of very finely tunable vibration excitation which responds quickly to specific changes.
  • the workpiece 2 is not limited to the formation of a hollow profile, but can also be formed by two superposed boards.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device (1) for forming a workpiece (2) by application of a high internal pressure in a closed high-pressure forming tool (3). The workpiece is expanded by the fluidic high internal pressure created by a pressure generator and contacts the impression (9) of the forming tool (3). To improve process reliability during the forming of workpieces by application of a high internal pressure the invention provides for the high internal pressure to be applied in the form of a pressure pulsation.

Description

P r fah tan nn Vnrri r.h uπg um Tπnerihnr.hdrn f-k -TT-mf nπtipn PI TIPR P r fah tan nn Vnrri r.h uπg um Tπnerihnr.hdrn f-k -TT-mf nπtipn PI TIPR
WerkstückesWorkpiece
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Innenhochdruck- Umformen eines Werkstückes gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 7.The invention relates to a method for hydroforming a workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 7.
Ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren bzw. eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist aus dem DE 94 07 812.2 Ul bekannt. Hierbei wird ein das Werkstück bildendes Hohlprofil in ein längs der Erstreckung des Hohlprofiles geteiltes Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeug eingelegt, wonach dieses geschlossen wird. Anschließend wird das Hohlprofil beiderends durch Axialstempel dichtend verschlossen. Über die Axialstempel wird der Innenraum des Hohlprofiles befüllt. Die Axialstempel sind mit einem Druckerzeuger fluidisch verbunden. Sodann wird mittels des Druckerzeugers ein Innenhochdruck innerhalb des Hohlprofiles aufgebracht, wodurch dieses aufgeweitet wird, bis es sich an die Wandung der Werkzeuggravur anlegt. Die Werkzeuggravur weist einen von der Hohlpro- filerstreckung radial abführenden Abzweig auf, in den das Hohl- profilmaterial durch die Innenhochdruckbeaufschlagung unter Ausbildung einer Aushalsung hineinverdrängt wird. Auch hier legt sich das Material an der Abzweigwandung an. Der Auf eit- Vorgang innerhalb des Abzweiges wird durch einen im Abzweig verschieblich geführten Gegenschieber stabilisiert, der die Aushalsung im Endbereich abstützt. Um die Versagensgrenzen hinsichtlich Bersten bei der reinen Aufweitung, bei der sich die Länge des Hohlprofiles verkürzt, hinauszuschieben und somit eine größere Aufweitlänge der Aushalsung zu erhalten, wird durch eine zusätzliche Axialkraft, die durch Einfahren der Axialstem- pel aufgebracht wird, Hohlprofilmaterial zur Abzweigstelle nachgeschoben, wodurch die für das Bersten verantwortliche Materialausdünnung im Abzweigbereich zumindest teilweise kompensiert wird. Trotzdem begrenzt bei Anlage des Hohlprofilmaterials an der Gravurwandung, insbesondere auch im Abzweig die zwischen dem Werkzeug und dem Hohlprofil entstehende und bei steigendem Innenhochdruck größer werdende Reibung - auch wenn das Hohlprofil an seiner Außenseite mit einem Schmiermittel versehen ist - die Ausformbarkeit des Werkstoffes erheblich. Dies ist ganz besonders bei Werkstoffen mit geringem Umformvermögen sehr problematisch.A generic method or a generic device is known from DE 94 07 812.2 U1. Here, a hollow profile forming the workpiece is inserted into an internal high-pressure forming tool that is divided along the extent of the hollow profile, after which it is closed. The hollow profile is then sealed at both ends by an axial ram. The interior of the hollow profile is filled using the axial plunger. The axial rams are fluidly connected to a pressure generator. An internal high pressure is then applied within the hollow profile by means of the pressure generator, as a result of which the latter is expanded until it bears against the wall of the tool engraving. The tool engraving has a branch which radially leads away from the hollow profile extension and into which the hollow profile material is displaced by the application of high internal pressure to form a neck. Here, too, the material attaches to the branch wall. The process on the inside of the branch is stabilized by a counter slide that is slidably guided in the branch and supports the necking in the end area. In order to push the limits of failure with regard to bursting in the case of pure widening, in which the length of the hollow profile is shortened, and thus to obtain a greater widening length of the neck, an additional axial force, which is caused by retracting the axial pel is applied, hollow profile material is pushed to the branch point, whereby the thinning of the material responsible for bursting in the branch area is at least partially compensated. Nevertheless, when the hollow profile material is in contact with the engraving wall, especially in the branch, the friction that arises between the tool and the hollow profile and increases with increasing internal high pressure - even if the hollow profile is provided with a lubricant on the outside - considerably limits the formability of the material. This is particularly problematic for materials with low formability.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren und eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß die Prozeßsicherheit bei der Innenhochdruckumformung von Werkstücken verbessert wird.The invention is based on the object of developing a generic method and a generic device in such a way that the process reliability in the internal high pressure forming of workpieces is improved.
Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 hinsichtlich des Verfahrens und durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 7 hinsichtlich der Vorrichtung gelöst.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1 with regard to the method and by the features of claim 7 with regard to the device.
Dadurch, daß der Innenhochdruck in Form einer Druckschwingung auf das Werkstück wirkt, wird die Reibung des Werkstückes an der Gravurwandung zwischen den Maxima der Schwingung zwischenzeitlich verringert, da sich dort ein Gebiet niedrigeren Druk- kes befindet. Das heißt, es findet während des Umformvorganges eine periodisch auftretende teilweise Entlastung der Kontaktnormalspannung zwischen dem Werkstück und dem Werkzeug statt. Durch die Verringerung der Reibung jedoch wird auch der Widerstand für ein Nachfließen bzw. Nachführen des Werkstückmaterial zur Ausformstelle hin kleiner, so daß versagensfrei mehr Material an diese Stelle bewegt werden kann. Einer Ausdünnnung von Material im Ausformbereich wird somit entgegengewirkt, wobei eine für die Umformung günstigere Materialverteilung erreicht und/oder der Umformgrad gesteigert werden kann. Beispielsweise bei einem Abzweig von der Gravur, d.h. bei der Ausbildung einer Aushalsung kann das eine Vergrößerung der Aus- ziehlänge bedeuten. Somit sind die Verfahrensgrenzen z.B. in Hinblick auf die Herstellung von Nebenformelementen erweiterbar. Des weiteren können aufgrund des vergrößerten Material- nachschubes auch engere- Radien am Werkstück ohne Auftreten eines Risses prozeßsicher ausgebildet werden. Insgesamt wird durch die Erfindung eine verbesserte Umformung auch von Werkstücken aus Werkstoffen mit geringem Formänderungsvermögen erreicht. Durch eine teilweise Entkopplung der Verfahrensparameter von den tribologischen Bedingungen wird eine höhere Prozeß- stabilität erzielt. Für eine optimale Auslegung des Verfahrens mit größtmöglichem Nutzen für die jeweilige Umformung ist die Druckschwingung in ihrer Amplitude und Frequenz mit Rücksicht auf den Werkstückwerkstoff und den Umformgrad des zu erzielenden Formverlaufes, also die Geometrie des fertigumgeformten Werkstückes oder andere relevante Verfahrensparameter entsprechend anzupassen.Because the internal high pressure acts on the workpiece in the form of a pressure oscillation, the friction of the workpiece on the engraving wall between the maxima of the oscillation is temporarily reduced, since there is an area of lower pressure there. This means that there is a periodic partial relief of the normal contact stress between the workpiece and the tool during the forming process. By reducing the friction, however, the resistance for a reflow or tracking of the workpiece material to the shaping point becomes smaller, so that more material can be moved to this point without failure. A thinning out of material in the forming area is thus counteracted, whereby a more favorable material distribution for the forming can be achieved and / or the degree of forming can be increased. For example, in the case of a branch from the engraving, ie when a neck is formed, this can increase the drawing length mean. The process limits can thus be expanded, for example with regard to the production of secondary shaped elements. Furthermore, due to the increased material replenishment, narrower radii on the workpiece can also be formed reliably without a crack occurring. All in all, the invention achieves an improved shaping of workpieces made of materials with low deformability. By partially decoupling the process parameters from the tribological conditions, higher process stability is achieved. For an optimal design of the process with the greatest possible benefit for the respective forming process, the amplitude and frequency of the pressure oscillation must be adapted accordingly, taking into account the workpiece material and the degree of forming of the shape to be achieved, i.e. the geometry of the finished formed workpiece or other relevant process parameters.
Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung können den Unteransprüchen entnommen werden; im übrigen ist die Erfindung anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles nachfolgend näher erläutert; dabei zeigt:Expedient embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims; otherwise the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings; shows:
Fig. 1 in einem seitlichen Längsschnitt schematisch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung,1 schematically shows the device according to the invention in a lateral longitudinal section,
Fig. 2 in einem Druck-Zeit-Diagramm schematisch den Verlauf der mit der Vorrichtung aus Fig. l erzeugten Druckschwingung.Fig. 2 in a pressure-time diagram schematically the course of the pressure vibration generated with the device of Fig. L.
In Fig. 1 ist eine Vorrichtung 1 zum Innenhochdruck-Umformen eines hohlprofilförmigen Werkstückes 2 dargestellt, wobei die Vorrichtung 1 ein Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeug 3 beinhaltet, das zweigeteilt ausgebildet ist . Die Teilungsebene 4 des aus einem Oberwerkzeug 5 und einem Unterwerkzeug 6 bestehenden Um- formwerkzeuges 3 verläuft entlang der Längserstreckung des Werkstückes 2. Im Oberwerkzeug 5 ist ein Abzweig 7 ausgebildet, in dem ein Gegenhalter 8 verschiebbar geführt ist. Das rohrför- ige Werkstück 2 ist in einem von Oberwerkzeug 5 und Unterwerk- zeug 6 gebildeten Hohlraum, der Gravur 9 aufgenommen. Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, befindet sich das Umformwerkzeug 3 in Schließlage. Das Werkstück 2 ist beiderends durch Axialstempel 10 und 11 abgedichtet, wobei beide Axialstempel 10 und 11 während der Umformung zur Erhaltung der Dichtigkeit entsprechend der aufweitungsbedingten Rohrverkürzung nachgeführt werden. Denkbar ist dabei, daß über die Axialstempel 10 und 11 auf die Rohrenden 12 und 13 eine zusätzliche axial wirkende Kraft (in Pfeilrichtung) ausgeübt wird, wodurch Material des Hohlprofiles zur Au weitungsstelle, hier der Abzweig 7, nachgeschoben wird. Der Gegenhalter 8 stützt (in Pfeilrichtung) die sich im Abzweig 7 ausformende Aushalsung 14 kontrolliert ab und bewahrt das Hohlprofil damit vor einer schnellen wegen der Rißgefahr prozeßgefährdenden Ausdünnung des dortigen Werkstückmaterials.1 shows a device 1 for the internal high-pressure forming of a hollow-profile-shaped workpiece 2, the device 1 including an internal high-pressure forming tool 3 which is formed in two parts. The division plane 4 of the forming tool 3 consisting of an upper tool 5 and a lower tool 6 runs along the longitudinal extent of the workpiece 2. A branch 7 is formed in the upper tool 5, in which a counter-holder 8 is displaceably guided. The tubular workpiece 2 is in one of the upper tool 5 and lower witness 6 formed cavity, the engraving 9 added. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the forming tool 3 is in the closed position. The workpiece 2 is sealed at both ends by axial punches 10 and 11, both axial punches 10 and 11 being tracked during the shaping to maintain the tightness in accordance with the expansion-related shortening of the pipe. It is conceivable that an additional axially acting force (in the direction of the arrow) is exerted on the pipe ends 12 and 13 via the axial rams 10 and 11, as a result of which material of the hollow profile is extended to the Au extension, here the branch 7. The counter-holder 8 supports (in the direction of the arrow) the neck 14 formed in the branch 7 in a controlled manner and thus prevents the hollow profile from thinning the workpiece material there quickly because of the risk of cracking.
Die Befüllung des Werkstückes 2 erfolgt über eine Zulaufbohrung 15 zumindest im Axialstempel 11. An die Zulaufbohrung 15 ist eine Förderleitung 16 angeschlossen, über die das hydraulische Druckfluid in das .Werkstück 2 eingeleitet wird und die zu einer Druckfluiderzeugungsanlage führt. Diese beinhaltet einen Druckübersetzerkolben, über den der hydraulische Innendruck (in Pfeilrichtung) dann aufgebracht wird. In diese Förderleitung 16 mündet vor dem Umformwerkzeug 3 eine separat verlaufende Fluid- leitung 17, in der ein Druckschwingungserreger 18 angeordnet ist. Dieser ist als Hubkolbenmotor ausgestaltet ist. Dessen Kolben 19 wird im Betrieb hin- und herbewegt, wodurch er auf die in der Fluidleitung 17 stehende Flüssigkeitssäule periodisch in Form einer Sinuskurve wirkt. Die so erzeugte Druckschwingung wird dem im wesentlichen kontinuierlich über den Druckerzeuger gelieferten Förderdruck überlagert. Kontinuierlich soll hier bedeuten, daß der Druckverlauf des Förderdruckes des Druckübersetzers stetig ist . Durch diese Überlagerung wird der Innenhochdruck ebenfalls in Form einer Druckschwingung in den Hohlraum 20 des Werkstückes 2 eingebracht, welches aufgeweitet wird und sich an die Gravur 9 des Umformwerkzeuges 3 anlegt. Wie aus der Fig. 2 schematisch zu entnehmen ist, wird verfahrensbedingt der Innenhochdruck p± mit der Umformdauer t nun in Form einer Schwingung erhöht. Hierbei ergeben sich zwischen den Maxima 21 der Druckkurve 22 Bereiche 23 verminderten Druckes, so daß in diesen Zeitintervallen die Reibung des sich in Umformung befindlichen Hohlprofiles an der Gravur 9 vermindert ist. Aufgrund der verminderten Reibung kann das Werkstückmaterial widerstandsfreier fließen, so daß dessen Ausformbar- keit unter Gewährleistung der Prozeßsicherheit verbessert wird. Eine Faltenbildung kann aufgrund der relativ kurzen Zeitdauer verminderten Hochdruckes nicht auftreten. Die Druckschwingung ist niederfrequent und kann vorzugsweise eine Frequenz im Bereich 0 < v < 50 Hz aufweisen, welche die Umformung besonders begünstigt. Es sind jedoch auch höhere Frequenzen bis mehreren hundert oder tausend Hertz möglich. In vorteilhafter Weise wird somit der Zusammenbau der Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung des schwingenden Innenhochdruckes durch separat für sich bekannte kostengünstig beziehbare Systemkomponenten gestaltet, wobei an die übliche Förderleitung 16 lediglich mit geringem Aufwand eine Fluidleitung 17 angeschlossen und in diese ein Hubkolbenmotor integriert werden muß.The workpiece 2 is filled via an inlet bore 15 at least in the axial ram 11. A feed line 16 is connected to the inlet bore 15, via which the hydraulic pressure fluid is introduced into the workpiece 2 and which leads to a pressure fluid generation system. This contains a pressure booster piston, via which the hydraulic internal pressure (in the direction of the arrow) is then applied. A separate fluid line 17, in which a pressure vibration exciter 18 is arranged, opens into this delivery line 16 in front of the forming tool 3. This is designed as a reciprocating piston engine. Its piston 19 is moved back and forth during operation, as a result of which it periodically acts on the liquid column in the fluid line 17 in the form of a sine curve. The pressure oscillation generated in this way is superimposed on the delivery pressure which is delivered essentially continuously via the pressure generator. Continuously means here that the pressure curve of the delivery pressure of the pressure intensifier is constant. As a result of this superimposition, the internal high pressure is also introduced in the form of a pressure oscillation into the cavity 20 of the workpiece 2, which is widened and bears against the engraving 9 of the forming tool 3. As can be seen schematically from FIG. 2, the internal high pressure p ± with the forming time t depends on the process now increased in the form of a vibration. This results in areas 23 of reduced pressure between the maxima 21 of the pressure curve 22, so that the friction of the hollow profile being formed on the engraving 9 is reduced in these time intervals. Due to the reduced friction, the workpiece material can flow with less resistance, so that its formability is improved while ensuring process reliability. Wrinkling cannot occur due to the relatively short period of reduced high pressure. The pressure oscillation is low-frequency and can preferably have a frequency in the range 0 <v <50 Hz, which particularly favors the deformation. However, higher frequencies of up to several hundred or a thousand hertz are also possible. Advantageously, the assembly of the device for generating the oscillating internal high pressure is designed by separately known inexpensive system components, a fluid line 17 only having to be connected to the usual delivery line 16 and a piston engine having to be integrated into it.
Es ist denkbar, anstatt des separat angeordneten Hubkolbenmotors den Druckerzeuger selbst als Druckschwingungserreger 18 zu verwenden, wobei der Druckübersetzerkolben entsprechend dem Kolben 19 des Hubkolbenmotors oszillierend angetrieben ist. Hierbei kann in baulich vereinfachter Weise auf die separate Fluidleitung 17 verzichtet werden, wobei nun keine Überlagerung von zwei Druckverläufen erfolgt, da der Druckerzeuger schwin- gungsförmig den Innendruck aufbringt.It is conceivable to use the pressure generator itself as a pressure vibration exciter 18 instead of the separately arranged reciprocating piston engine, the pressure booster piston being driven in an oscillating manner in accordance with the piston 19 of the reciprocating piston engine. In this case, the separate fluid line 17 can be dispensed with in a structurally simplified manner, wherein there is now no superimposition of two pressure profiles, since the pressure generator applies the internal pressure in the form of a vibration.
Alternativ ist ebenfalls denkbar, daß der Druckschwingungserre- ger 18 in die Fluidförderleitung 16 zwischen Druckerzeuger und Werkstück 2 unter Wegfall der Fluidleitung 17 integriert ist . Der Druckschwingungserreger 18 kann in jedem der Fälle, bei denen der Druckübersetzer nicht zur Schwingungserregung beiträgt, auch als angetriebene Unwuchtmasse, beispielsweise ein Rüttelelement, oder als Piezoelement sowie als Aktor ausgebildet sein. Die beiden letztgenannten Ausgestaltungen sind kleinbauend und besitzen in vorteilhafter Weise die Möglichkeit einer sehr fein abεtimmbaren und auf gezielte Änderungen schnell reagierenden Schwingungserregung.Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the pressure vibration exciter 18 is integrated into the fluid delivery line 16 between the pressure generator and workpiece 2, with the fluid line 17 being eliminated. In each of the cases in which the pressure intensifier does not contribute to the vibration excitation, the pressure vibration exciter 18 can also be designed as a driven unbalanced mass, for example a vibrating element, or as a piezo element and as an actuator. The latter two configurations are small and advantageously have the possibility of very finely tunable vibration excitation which responds quickly to specific changes.
Schließlich sei angemerkt, daß das Werkstück 2 sich nicht auf die Ausbildung eines Hohlprofiles beschränkt, sondern genauso von zwei aufeinanderliegenden Platinen gebildet sein kann. Finally, it should be noted that the workpiece 2 is not limited to the formation of a hollow profile, but can also be formed by two superposed boards.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Innenhochdruck-Umformen eines Werkstückes in einem geschlossenen Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeug, wobei das Werkstück aufgrund des von einem Druckerzeuger ausgeübten flui- dischen Innenhochdruckes aufgeweitet wird und sich an die Gravur des Umformwerkzeuges anlegt, d a du r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Innenhochdruck in Form einer Druckschwingung eingebracht wird.1. A method for hydroforming a workpiece in a closed hydroforming tool, the workpiece being expanded due to the fluid internal pressure exerted by a pressure generator and engaging with the engraving of the forming tool, since you are characterized by the fact that the internal high pressure is in the form of a Pressure vibration is introduced.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Druckschwingung vom Druckerzeuger selbst erregt wird.2. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pressure vibration is excited by the pressure generator itself.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß dem vom Druckerzeuger erbrachten kontinuierlichen Förderdruck eine Druckschwingung überlagert wird.3. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that a pressure vibration is superimposed on the continuous delivery pressure provided by the pressure generator.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Druckschwingung mittels eines in die Förderleitung (16) des Druckerzeugers zum Werkstück (2) hin integrierten Schwin- gungserregers (18) erzeugt wird.4. The method according to claim 3, so that the pressure oscillation is generated by means of a vibration exciter (18) integrated into the delivery line (16) of the pressure generator to the workpiece (2).
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Druckschwingung mittels eines in einer zur zum Werkstück (2) hin verlaufenden Förderleitung (16) des Druckerzeugers separaten und in die Förderleitung (16) vor dem Umform- Werkzeug (3) einmündenden Fluidleitung (17) angeordneten Schwingungserregers (18) erzeugt wird.5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure vibration by means of a in a to the workpiece (2) towards the delivery line (16) of the pressure generator separate and in the delivery line (16) before the forming Tool (3) flowing fluid line (17) arranged vibration exciter (18) is generated.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Druckschwingung eine Frequenz im Bereich 0 < v < 50 Hz aufweist.6. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pressure vibration has a frequency in the range 0 <v <50 Hz.
7. Vorrichtung zum Innenhochdruck-Umformen eines Werkstückes mit einem längs der Erstreckung des Werkstückes geteilten Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeug und mit einem mit dem Umformwerk- zeug fluidisch verbundenen Druckerzeuger zur Ausübung eines fluidischen Innenhochdruckes auf das Werkstück, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, d a du r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Vorrichtung (1) einen Druckschwingungserreger (18) beinhaltet, mittels dessen der Innenhochdruck als Druckschwingung in das Werkstück (2) einbringbar ist.7. Apparatus for hydroforming a workpiece with a hydroforming tool split along the length of the workpiece and with a pressure generator fluidically connected to the molding tool for exercising fluidic hydroforming on the workpiece, for carrying out the method according to claim 1, since you rchgek characterized that the device (1) includes a pressure vibration exciter (18), by means of which the internal high pressure can be introduced as a pressure vibration in the workpiece (2).
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Druckerzeuger den Druckschwingungserreger (18) bildet, wobei der Druckerzeuger einen Druckübersetzerkolben beinhaltet, der oszillierend angetrieben ist.8. The device according to claim 7, so that the pressure generator forms the pressure vibration exciter (18), the pressure generator including a pressure booster piston which is driven to oscillate.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Druckschwingungserreger (18) in die Fluidförderleitung (16) zwischen Druckerzeuger und Werkstück (2) integriert ist.9. The device according to claim 7, so that the pressure vibration exciter (18) is integrated in the fluid delivery line (16) between the pressure generator and the workpiece (2).
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß in die Fluidförderleitung (16) eine Fluidleitung (17) mündet, in der der Druckschwingungserreger (18) angeordnet ist. 10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that in the fluid delivery line (16) opens a fluid line (17) in which the pressure vibration exciter (18) is arranged.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Druckschwingungserreger (18) ein Hubkolbenmotor ist11. The device according to claim 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pressure vibration exciter (18) is a reciprocating piston engine
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Druckschwingungserreger (18) ein Piezoelement ist. 12. The apparatus of claim 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pressure vibration exciter (18) is a piezo element.
EP99906169A 1998-02-10 1999-01-20 Method and device for forming a workpiece by application of a high internal pressure Expired - Lifetime EP1054744B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19805172A DE19805172C2 (en) 1998-02-10 1998-02-10 Device for hydroforming a workpiece
DE19805172 1998-02-10
PCT/EP1999/000340 WO1999041028A1 (en) 1998-02-10 1999-01-20 Method and device for forming a workpiece by application of a high internal pressure

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EP1054744A1 true EP1054744A1 (en) 2000-11-29
EP1054744B1 EP1054744B1 (en) 2002-07-17

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US (1) US6282934B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1054744B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002502706A (en)
AT (1) ATE220580T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9907797A (en)
CA (1) CA2320096A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19805172C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2178874T3 (en)
HU (1) HUP0101218A3 (en)
PL (1) PL342219A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999041028A1 (en)

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DE19805172C2 (en) 2001-06-07
CA2320096A1 (en) 1999-08-19
HUP0101218A3 (en) 2001-09-28
ES2178874T3 (en) 2003-01-01
EP1054744B1 (en) 2002-07-17
HUP0101218A2 (en) 2001-08-28
DE59902034D1 (en) 2002-08-22
JP2002502706A (en) 2002-01-29
WO1999041028A1 (en) 1999-08-19
PL342219A1 (en) 2001-05-21
ATE220580T1 (en) 2002-08-15
BR9907797A (en) 2000-10-17
US6282934B1 (en) 2001-09-04
DE19805172A1 (en) 1999-08-19

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