EP1048843B1 - Fuel injection device - Google Patents

Fuel injection device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1048843B1
EP1048843B1 EP00105302A EP00105302A EP1048843B1 EP 1048843 B1 EP1048843 B1 EP 1048843B1 EP 00105302 A EP00105302 A EP 00105302A EP 00105302 A EP00105302 A EP 00105302A EP 1048843 B1 EP1048843 B1 EP 1048843B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
fuel
pressure
fuel injection
common rail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00105302A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1048843A2 (en
EP1048843A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Biener
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP1048843A2 publication Critical patent/EP1048843A2/en
Publication of EP1048843A3 publication Critical patent/EP1048843A3/en
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Publication of EP1048843B1 publication Critical patent/EP1048843B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/06—Use of pressure wave generated by fuel inertia to open injection valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0007—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/40—Fuel-injection apparatus with fuel accumulators, e.g. a fuel injector having an integrated fuel accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device according to the preamble of the main claim, such. shown in the document DE 34 11 539.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a structurally simple fuel injection device that brings a more efficient and thus more environmentally friendly fuel utilization by increasing the injection pressure at the injectors.
  • the solenoid valves are arranged separately from the injectors in the injection lines and the injectors are formed as injection nozzles, for which in particular proven injection nozzles can be used, which e.g. are known from fuel injection systems with conventional distributor injection pumps, also known from these known distributor injection pump systems known pressure increasing mechanisms can be used to significantly increase the injection pressure in the injectors with respect to the pressure in the common rail (common rail) located pressure.
  • Another advantage is that proven injectors can be replaced with the less well-controlled injectors with integrated solenoid valve, which are far superior in terms of controllability, price and fürflußkonstanz over their lifetime and in their availability.
  • the solenoid valves are arranged directly on the common high-pressure line (common rail), so that no separate supply lines to the solenoid valves are required and these can be fastened to the engine together with the common rail.
  • injection nozzles may preferably be used with one or two spring-holder technology, which have a significant price advantage over the known injectors.
  • such a nozzle can be equipped with a needle movement sensor or a Nadelhubgeber.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel injection device with solenoid valves arranged on the common rail for controlling the flow to the individual injection nozzles.
  • the fuel injection device consists of a common high pressure line 1 (common rail), which is filled by means of a high-pressure pump 2 from a tank 9 with fuel under high pressure (about 1350 bar). From the high-pressure line 1, the number of cylinders to be supplied leads correspondingly to a plurality of injection lines 4, which each lead to an injection nozzle 5 projecting into a cylinder combustion chamber of the engine 6. For controlling the high-pressure fuel supply to the injection nozzles 5, a solenoid valve 3 is furthermore inserted into the injection lines 4, away from the injection nozzles 5, preferably directly on the high-pressure line 1.
  • the geometry of the injection lines 4 between the solenoid valve 3 and the injection nozzle 5 is predetermined in length, diameter and spatial displacement in the engine compartment so that a large part of the injection pressure at the injection nozzle 5 by reflections of fuel pressure waves between the solenoid valve 3 and the injection nozzle 5 is generated during the sudden influx of fuel into the injection line 4 via the solenoid valve 3.

Abstract

A magnetic valve (3) is fitted in an injection pipe (4) remotely from an injector. The injector acts as an injection jet (5) The injection pipe between the magnetic valve and the injection jet is so designed that pressure level against the injection jet can momentarily be raised excessively in an injection area above the maxima for pressure swings in fuel pillars in the injection pip in contrast to pressure in a joint common rail (1).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches, wie z.B. in dem Dokument DE 34 11 539 dargestellt.The invention relates to a fuel injection device according to the preamble of the main claim, such. shown in the document DE 34 11 539.

Es sind Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtungen für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen mit einer gemeinsamen Hochdruckleitung, dem sogenannten Common-Rail bekannt, DE 195 48 279 A 1, die Injektoren zum Einspritzen des Kraftstoffes in die Zylinder von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen besitzen, wobei der Einspritzvorgang von Magnetventilen gesteuert wird, die jeweils als Bestandteil eines Injektors ausgebildet sind. Dabei führen von der mittels einer Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe befüllbaren gemeinsamen Hochdruckleitung sämtliche Einspritzleitungen zu den einzelnen Injektoren ab, wobei die Hochdruckleitung dabei als Kraftstoffsammelraum wirkt.There are known fuel injectors for internal combustion engines with a common high-pressure line, the so-called common rail, DE 195 48 279 A 1, the injectors for injecting the fuel into the cylinders of internal combustion engines, wherein the injection process is controlled by solenoid valves, each as part of a Injectors are formed. In this case, all of the injection lines lead to the individual injectors from the common high-pressure line which can be filled by means of a high-pressure fuel pump, with the high-pressure line acting as a fuel collecting space.

Nachteilig an diesen bekannten Common-Rail-Einspritzsystemen sind zum einen die unbefriedigende Beherrschbarkeit der Injektoren sowie die damit erzielbaren Spitzeneinspritzdrücke, die weit unter denen von anderen bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen wie z.B. den Pumpe-Düse-Systemen liegen, welche bis zu 2.000 bar Einspritzdruck erreichen. Diese Nachteile begrenzen die spezifische Leistung eines Motors und besonders die akkurate Steuerung der Einspritzung und der Voreinspritzung. Ebenso stellt die Konstanz der Einspritzmengen über die Lebensdauer einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine ein großes Problem dar. Ein weiterer Nachteil der bekannten Einspritzventile mit integrierter Magnetventilsteuerung ist deren sehr komplizierter Aufbau, durch den diese Einspritzventile (Injektoren) in der Herstellung sehr teuer und zudem sehr störanfällig werden.Disadvantages of these known common-rail injection systems are, on the one hand, the unsatisfactory controllability of the injectors and the peak injection pressures that can be achieved with them, which are far below those of other known fuel injection systems, such as, for example. the pump-nozzle systems, which reach up to 2,000 bar injection pressure. These disadvantages limit the specific performance of an engine and, in particular, the accurate control of injection and pilot injection. Likewise, the constancy of the injection quantities over the life of an internal combustion engine is a major problem. Another disadvantage of the known injection valves with integrated solenoid valve control is their very complicated structure, through which these injection valves (injectors) are very expensive to manufacture and also very prone to failure.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine konstruktiv einfache Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die durch eine Steigerung des Einspritzdruckes an den Injektoren eine effizientere und damit umweltschonendere Kraftstoffausnutzung mit sich bringt.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a structurally simple fuel injection device that brings a more efficient and thus more environmentally friendly fuel utilization by increasing the injection pressure at the injectors.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich mit den Oberbegriffsmerkmalen erfindungsgemäß durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Hauptanspruches angegebene technische Lehre.The solution to this problem arises with the preamble features according to the invention by the technical teaching specified in the characterizing part of the main claim.

Dadurch, daß die Magnetventile getrennt von den Injektoren in den Einspritzleitungen angeordnet sind und die Injektoren als Einspritzdüsen ausgebildet sind, für die insbesondere bewährte Einspritzdüsen verwendet werden können, welche z.B. aus Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen mit herkömmlichen Verteiler-Einspritzpumpen bekannt sind, lassen sich auch die aus diesen bekannten Verteiler-Einspritzpumpem-Systemen bekannten Druckerhöhungsmechanismen nutzen, um den Einspritzdruck in den Einspritzdüsen gegenüber dem in der gemeinsamen Hochdruckleitung (Common-Rail) befindlich Druck deutlich zu überhöhen.Characterized in that the solenoid valves are arranged separately from the injectors in the injection lines and the injectors are formed as injection nozzles, for which in particular proven injection nozzles can be used, which e.g. are known from fuel injection systems with conventional distributor injection pumps, also known from these known distributor injection pump systems known pressure increasing mechanisms can be used to significantly increase the injection pressure in the injectors with respect to the pressure in the common rail (common rail) located pressure.

Um eine solche Drucksteigerung zu erreichen sind demnach außer der Abstimmung der Geometrie der Einspritzleitungen auf die auftretenden Druckschwingungen in den Flüssigkeitssäulen des Kraftstoffes zwischen den Magnetventilen und den zugehörigen Einspritzdüsen keine weiteren technischen Maßnahmen erforderlich.In order to achieve such a pressure increase are therefore beyond the vote of the geometry of the injection lines on the pressure oscillations occurring in the liquid columns of the fuel between the solenoid valves and the associated injectors no further technical measures required.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß bewährte Einspritzdüsen gegen die weniger gut zu beherrschenden Injektoren mit integriertem Magnetventil ausgetauscht werden können, die diesen in der Beherrschbarkeit, Preis und Durchflußkonstanz über ihre Lebensdauer sowie in Ihrer Verfügbarkeit weit überlegen sind.Another advantage is that proven injectors can be replaced with the less well-controlled injectors with integrated solenoid valve, which are far superior in terms of controllability, price and Durchflußkonstanz over their lifetime and in their availability.

Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ergeben sich aus und in Kombination mit den weiteren Unteransprüchen.Further preferred embodiments of the subject matter of the invention emerge from and in combination with the further subclaims.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Magnetventile unmittelbar an der gemeinsamen Hochdruckleitung (Common-Rail) angeordnet, so daß keine separaten Zuleitungen zu den Magnetventilen erforderlich sind und diese gemeinsam mit dem Common-Rail am Motor befestigbar sind.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the solenoid valves are arranged directly on the common high-pressure line (common rail), so that no separate supply lines to the solenoid valves are required and these can be fastened to the engine together with the common rail.

Als Einspritzdüsen können bevorzugt solche mit Ein- oder Zweifeder-Haltertechnik verwendet werden, die gegenüber den bekannten Injektoren einen bedeutenden Preisvorteil besitzen. Zusätzlich kann eine solche Düse mit einem Nadelbewegungsfühler oder einem Nadelhubgeber ausgestattet sein.As injection nozzles may preferably be used with one or two spring-holder technology, which have a significant price advantage over the known injectors. In addition, such a nozzle can be equipped with a needle movement sensor or a Nadelhubgeber.

Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung, lassen sich somit ohne weitere technische Maßnahmen in konstruktiv einfacher Weise Drucksteigerungen erzielen, mit denen Spitzendrücke erreichbar sind, die bei Vermeidung dessen begrenzten Flexibilität bei der Voreinspritzung denen eines Pumpe-Düse-Systems vergleichbar sind.With the present invention, can thus be achieved without further technical measures in a structurally simple manner pressure increases, which peak pressures can be achieved, which are comparable to a pump-nozzle system while avoiding its limited flexibility in the pilot injection.

Nachfolgend wird eine solche erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung anhand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigt die Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit am Common Rail angeordneten Magnetventilen zur Steuerung des Durchflusses zu den einzelnen Einspritzdüsen.Hereinafter, such a fuel injection device according to the invention will be described with reference to a drawing. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel injection device with solenoid valves arranged on the common rail for controlling the flow to the individual injection nozzles.

Die Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung besteht aus einer gemeinsamen Hochdruckleitung 1 (Common-Rail), die mittels einer Hochdruckpumpe 2 aus einem Tank 9 mit unter hohem Druck (ca. 1350 bar) stehenden Kraftstoff befüllt wird. Von der Hochdruckleitung 1 führen der Anzahl der zu versorgenden Zylinder entsprechend mehrere Einspritzleitungen 4 ab, die jeweils an eine in einen Zylinderbrennraum des Motors 6 ragende Einspritzdüse 5 münden. Zur Steuerung der Kraftstoffhochdruckzufuhr an die Einspritzdüsen 5 sind desweiteren jeweils ein Magnetventil 3 in die Einspritzleitungen 4, entfernt von den Einspritzdüsen 5, vorzugsweise direkt an der Hochdruckleitung 1 eingesetzt.The fuel injection device consists of a common high pressure line 1 (common rail), which is filled by means of a high-pressure pump 2 from a tank 9 with fuel under high pressure (about 1350 bar). From the high-pressure line 1, the number of cylinders to be supplied leads correspondingly to a plurality of injection lines 4, which each lead to an injection nozzle 5 projecting into a cylinder combustion chamber of the engine 6. For controlling the high-pressure fuel supply to the injection nozzles 5, a solenoid valve 3 is furthermore inserted into the injection lines 4, away from the injection nozzles 5, preferably directly on the high-pressure line 1.

Die Geometrie der Einspritzleitungen 4 zwischen dem Magnetventil 3 und der Einspritzdüse 5 ist dabei in Länge, Durchmesser und räumlicher Verlegung im Motorraum so vorherbestimmt, daß ein großer Teil des Einspritzdruckes an der Einspritzdüse 5 durch Reflexionen von Kraftstoff-Druckwellen zwischen dem Magnetventil 3 und der Einspritzdüse 5 beim schlagartigen Einströmen von Kraftstoff in die Einspritzleitung 4 über das Magnetventil 3 erzeugt wird.The geometry of the injection lines 4 between the solenoid valve 3 and the injection nozzle 5 is predetermined in length, diameter and spatial displacement in the engine compartment so that a large part of the injection pressure at the injection nozzle 5 by reflections of fuel pressure waves between the solenoid valve 3 and the injection nozzle 5 is generated during the sudden influx of fuel into the injection line 4 via the solenoid valve 3.

An der gemeinsam Hochdruckleitung 1 ist desweiteren ein Sicherheitsventil 7 angeordnet, welches einen Öffnungsquerschnitt in eine Rücklaufleitung 8 für überschüssigen Kraftstoff auf - bzw. zusteuert.Furthermore, a safety valve 7, which opens or closes an opening cross section in a return line 8 for excess fuel, is arranged on the common high-pressure line 1.

Claims (4)

  1. Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines having a common rail (1), which can be filled by a high-pressure fuel pump (2) and from which a plurality of injection lines (4) lead off to the individual injectors assigned to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine, and having solenoid valves (3) for controlling the fuel injection of the individual injectors, the solenoid valve (3) being arranged remotely from the injector in the injection line (4), characterized in that the injector takes the form of an injection nozzle (5)and the injection line (4) between the solenoid valve (3) and the injection nozzle (5) is designed in such a way that pressure fluctuations in a column of fuel present in the injection line (4) are used during the injection period to boost the pressure level at the injection nozzle (5) compared to the pressure level present in the common rail (1).
  2. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the solenoid valves (3) are arranged directly on the common rail (1).
  3. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the injection nozzles (5) are inserted into single or double-spring holders.
  4. Fuel injection device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the injection nozzles (5) are equipped with a needle movement sensor or needle lift sensor.
EP00105302A 1999-04-29 2000-03-15 Fuel injection device Expired - Lifetime EP1048843B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19919665 1999-04-29
DE19919665A DE19919665A1 (en) 1999-04-29 1999-04-29 Fuel injector

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1048843A2 EP1048843A2 (en) 2000-11-02
EP1048843A3 EP1048843A3 (en) 2004-09-22
EP1048843B1 true EP1048843B1 (en) 2006-08-30

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EP00105302A Expired - Lifetime EP1048843B1 (en) 1999-04-29 2000-03-15 Fuel injection device

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EP (1) EP1048843B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE338209T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19919665A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10057683B4 (en) * 2000-11-21 2005-10-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
DE10148824A1 (en) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve for IC engine, has characteristic oscillation frequency of supplied fuel matched to valve closure intervals
DE10343003A1 (en) * 2003-09-17 2005-04-14 Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Machine tool for machining workpieces, has board, spindle stock for receiving and driving workpiece, and tool support which supports drilling-cutting head with first tool holder for driven tool and has second tool holder for non-driven tool
DE102012017186A1 (en) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 Wieland-Werke Ag Mask for a coating system, coating system and method of making a coated substrate
US9494118B2 (en) * 2014-04-30 2016-11-15 Hitachi Automotive Systems Americas Inc. Fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3411539A1 (en) * 1984-03-29 1985-10-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Fuel injection device
DE4106015A1 (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-08-27 Ficht Gmbh PUSHBULE FUEL INJECTION FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE4304967A1 (en) * 1992-04-25 1993-10-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection unit for IC engine with high pressure pump - drawing fuel via filling valve to pump working chamber defined by pump piston and delivers by valve at high pressure to HP storage
DE4341543A1 (en) * 1993-12-07 1995-06-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
GB9411345D0 (en) * 1994-06-07 1994-07-27 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel supply system
AT408134B (en) * 1995-06-06 2001-09-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech STORAGE INJECTION SYSTEM FOR DIESEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE19548279B4 (en) * 1995-09-28 2006-12-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for monitoring a fuel metering system
DE19540155C2 (en) * 1995-10-27 2000-07-13 Daimler Chrysler Ag Servo valve for an injection nozzle
DE19638339B4 (en) * 1996-09-19 2008-10-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE338209T1 (en) 2006-09-15
EP1048843A2 (en) 2000-11-02
DE19919665A1 (en) 2000-11-02
DE50013369D1 (en) 2006-10-12
EP1048843A3 (en) 2004-09-22

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