EP1043547A1 - Systéme d'évaluation de l'état de salissures de la cavité d'un four - Google Patents
Systéme d'évaluation de l'état de salissures de la cavité d'un four Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1043547A1 EP1043547A1 EP00400611A EP00400611A EP1043547A1 EP 1043547 A1 EP1043547 A1 EP 1043547A1 EP 00400611 A EP00400611 A EP 00400611A EP 00400611 A EP00400611 A EP 00400611A EP 1043547 A1 EP1043547 A1 EP 1043547A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- temperature
- dirt
- cracking
- oven
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C14/00—Stoves or ranges having self-cleaning provisions, e.g. continuous catalytic cleaning or electrostatic cleaning
- F24C14/02—Stoves or ranges having self-cleaning provisions, e.g. continuous catalytic cleaning or electrostatic cleaning pyrolytic type
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of soiling detection in the oven cavities. Indeed, when the oven is dirty, that is to say when grease or other projections have been deposited on the walls of the cavity oven during previous cooking, bad smells and fumes can be released during a new cooking.
- the oven In order to clean the oven cavity, the oven usually includes a pyrolysis device.
- Pyrolysis is triggered by the oven user, when the oven is dirty. But there is no device measuring the state of soiling of walls of the cavity of an oven; this state of soiling is appreciated subjectively by the user who notices for example the presence of spots on the walls of the cavity.
- the temperature in the cavity rises to high values, typically above 500 ° C, for a period of time, for example about two to three hours. The user will perform this pyrolysis operation at the frequency he will choose. But this frequency is not optimized because of subjective assessment of the state of soiling in the cavity.
- the invention is based on the use of a cracking cell in which cooking grease or dirt is cracked during of an exothermic reaction which gives off cracking energy.
- the measurement, direct or indirect, of this cracking energy makes it possible to go back to the amount of cracked cooking soiling and also to the amount of dirt deposited on the walls of the cavity.
- a system for evaluating a state of soiling of an oven cavity characterized in that the system comprises at least one dirt cracking cell, the cracking giving off cracking energy, associated temperature measurement means intermittent heating of the cell to an sufficient temperature to cause cracking of dirt, energy cracking influences the measured temperature, and means of treatment associating a level of soiling with the measured temperature.
- Figure 1 shows schematically an evaluation system according to the invention. Arrows between blocks represent transmissions of data, symbolized by letters, and the double arrows of supplies of quantities of energy, symbolized by underlined letters.
- the system comprises a cracking cell 1, to which are connected temperature measurement means 2. Attaching means 2 to the cell 1 is symbolized by dotted lines.
- the means 2 for measuring temperature measure the temperature T at cell level 1.
- the treatment means 5 associate a level of soiling N with the temperature T measured at cell level 1.
- the energy E of the reaction of cracking dirt in cell 1 influences the temperature T at cell level 1.
- the system also includes means 4 for intermittent heating.
- the intermittent heating means 4 supply the cell 1 with a quantity Q of heat in order to bring the cell 1 to a temperature sufficient to cause cracking of the dirt.
- the processing means 5 evaluate the level N of dirt from the temperature T measured by means of the temperature measurement means 2. The intermittent nature of the heating means 4 makes it possible to save the energy supplied by these heating means 4.
- the intermittent heating means 4 comprise a heating element associated with cell 1 and providing heat to the cell 1 per pulse.
- Each cooking preferably comprises two or three heating pulses.
- the duration of the heating pulses is advantageously substantially eight minutes.
- the first impulse takes place substantially thirty minutes after the start of cooking and the following pulses are succeed at intervals worth approximately twenty minutes.
- the processing means 5 can associate a level N of soiling at temperature T measured by means 2 for measuring temperature, either directly or indirectly by evaluating a intermediate parameter such as for example the duration ⁇ t during which the measured temperature T remains above a threshold temperature TS, as explained in Figure 2.
- the crossed arrows indicate the direction of traffic air passing through cell 1.
- the air Upstream of cell 1, the air is charged with dirt which is for example grease from cooking.
- this dirt undergoes cracking, that is to say that the soiling which are large molecules are divided into larger molecules small ones which are called residues here.
- the air Downstream of cell 1, the air is charged residue.
- Cracking is an exothermic reaction, i.e. it provides some energy per amount of cracked soiling.
- Energy E is therefore indicative of the amount of dirt having passed through cell 1.
- a quantity data of dirt crosses cell 1, a certain amount of dirt is deposited on the walls of the oven cavity.
- the quantity of soiling through cell 1 is therefore indicative of the amount of dirt deposited on the walls of the oven cavity, quantity called here level N of soiling. Therefore a calibration for example allows to establish a correspondence between the cracking energy E and the level N of soiling. As the cracking energy E influences the temperature T measured by the temperature measurement means 2, a calibration also allows either to establish a correspondence between the energy E and the temperature T, that is to establish a direct correspondence between the level N of soiling and temperature T. Instead of the energy of cracking E, a representative parameter can be used, such as duration ⁇ t during which the measured temperature T remains above a TS threshold temperature, as explained in Figure 2. During a cooking, this correspondence is carried out by the processing means 5.
- Cell 1 is preferably a catalytic cell, i.e. that it contains a catalyst responsible for a cracking of dirt by catalyzes within cell 1.
- Cell 1 is, for example, made up of a cylinder, ceramic or cordierite, pierced with small channels whose axis is parallel to the cylinder axis and the interior of which is lined by the catalyst. The channels have for example a diameter of the order of one or more millimeters.
- the catalyst can be palladium or platinum.
- the different means are functional representations, and that the device can include a microprocessor responsible for carrying out all or part of the previously described operations as well as to coordinate them.
- the temperature measurement means 2 comprise at least a temperature sensor measuring a temperature at the level of the cell.
- the processing means 5 compare with each heating pulse the temperature response measured by the means 2 for temperature measurement T associated with cell 1 with a response of reference, called standard curve.
- a response of reference called standard curve.
- Different types of comparison are possible such as for example the evaluation of the surface difference covered by the curves representing the temperature responses at over time or else the evaluation of the difference in the peak values of temperature between temperature responses.
- the processing means 5 evaluate at each heating pulse the duration during which the temperature measurement means T associated with the cell 1 measure a temperature above a given threshold temperature TS and compare this duration with a reference duration ⁇ t 0 .
- FIG. 2 represents temperature curves T measured at the level of cell 1 as a function of time t for different states of the oven cavity, in response to a heating pulse produced by the intermittent heating means 4, the heating pulse starting at t i .
- Curve 2A represents the reference response, also called the standard curve, and corresponds to a clean oven.
- the level N of dirt corresponding to a clean oven is substantially zero.
- the horizontal line TS represents the given threshold temperature, for example 200 ° C.
- the reference duration ⁇ t 0 is the duration during which the temperature T at the level of cell 1 remains greater than the threshold temperature TS.
- the durations ⁇ t 1 and ⁇ t 2 corresponding respectively to curves 2B and 2C are greater than the duration ⁇ t 0 , which means that curves 2B and 2C correspond to oven cavities which are dirty.
- the duration ⁇ t 2 is greater than the duration ⁇ t 1 , which means that the curve 2C corresponds to a dirtier oven cavity than the curve 2B.
- a calibration makes it possible to associate with each duration, ⁇ t 1 or ⁇ t 2 , a corresponding level N of dirt.
- the reference response or the reference duration is then advantageously modulated for example by the supply voltage of the intermittent heating means 4 during cooking.
- Other parameters such as the cavity temperature, can modulate the reference response or the reference duration.
- the modulation of the reference time can consist of a value of ⁇ t 0 increased or decreased depending on whether the supply voltage of the intermittent heating means 4 during cooking is higher or lower.
- the processing means 5 advantageously use, to modulate the reference response or the reference duration as explained in FIG. 2, means 13 for measuring the voltage V of the means 9 for supplying the means 4 of intermittent heating of the cell 1, shown in FIG. 3.
- the supply means 9 supply power P to the intermittent heating means 4.
- the supply means 9 can for example be the electrical sector.
- Figure 4 shows schematically a layout preferential in the exhaust duct of a furnace of a cracking of an evaluation system according to the invention.
- the sensors temperature are noted sensors T in the figure.
- Cell 1 is placed in an evacuation duct 6 connecting an oven cavity 7 and an external medium 8 which can be the kitchen in which the oven is located.
- the arrows represent the movement of air from the cavity 7 to the outside environment 8.
- the air upstream of cell 1, that is to say on the side of cavity 7, is charged of dirt.
- the air downstream of cell 1, i.e. on the middle side exterior 8, is loaded with residues.
- the cell 1 must satisfy the air flow constraints imposed by the duct 6 exhaust and the ventilation system not shown here.
- the means 2 of temperature measurement consists of a second sensor 12 of temperature placed in the exhaust duct 6.
- the second temperature sensor 12 is placed downstream and preferably near cell 1, and in a second variant, the second temperature sensor 12 consists of a sensor located at inside cell 1. This sensor is preferably a thermocouple or a platinum probe.
- the treatment means 5 can add the level N of dirt obtained to the sum ⁇ of the soiling levels of the heating pulses of the previous cooking or previous heating pulses of the cooking in progress, generally called previous pulses, sum ⁇ stored in these same processing means 5, to obtain a level total NT of dirt which will be stored again to constitute the sum ⁇ for the first pulse of the next cooking or for the pulse next of the cooking in progress.
- Treatment means 5 compare then the total level NT at a predefined threshold Sp. When the total level NT is above the threshold Sp, the oven cavity is considered dirty.
- the the system then advantageously comprises means 10 for viewing, shown in Figure 5, which display an IS indication of dirt from the oven cavity, indication transmitted to the display means 10 by the 5 means of treatment.
- the processing means 5 can still have several thresholds Sp and the display means 10 will display the corresponding dirt indications, for example: “lightly soiled oven”, “Dirty oven”, “very dirty oven”.
- the visualization means can still display other indications such as "pyrolysis proposal" for a certain predefined threshold Sp.
- the user then has reliable information to be able to trigger pyrolysis wisely.
- the predefined threshold Sp at which the total level NT of dirt is higher, exceeds a predefined value Vp, heating intermittent from cell 1 becomes continuous and cell 1 is then active during all the rest of the cooking, which allows the complete cracking of soiling, thus preventing unpleasant odors and fumes from oven cavity too dirty.
- FIG. 6 represents a pyrolysis device 11 connected to the means 5 treatment.
- Pyrolysis is an operation in which the temperature rises to high values, for example of the order of 500 ° C., and during which the dirt deposited on the walls is transformed solid ash that the user collects on the bottom surface of the oven cavity and in gaseous dirt which are evacuated by the exhaust duct 6, not shown in FIG. 6, and broken down by cracking in cell 1 which is active during pyrolysis.
- a level N of non-zero dirt is transmitted by the processing means 5 to the device pyrolysis.
- the device of pyrolysis stops the pyrolysis.
- the value of "substantially zero" is chosen by the oven manufacturer according to the type of oven envisaged. The duration of the pyrolysis was therefore minimized while remaining sufficiently long to make the cavity clean.
- the sum ⁇ of the levels dirt stored in the processing means 5 is reset to zero.
- Another option is to set the duration of the pyrolysis to this amount ⁇ : this method has the disadvantage of not being able to take into account a possible sponge stroke by the user between two pyrolysis.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Electric Ovens (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement un système d'évaluation selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2 représente schématiquement des profils de température au cours du temps d'un système d'évaluation selon l'invention ;
- la figure 3 représente schématiquement des réalisations préférentielles d'une partie d'un système d'évaluation selon l'invention ;
- la figure 4 représente schématiquement l'implantation dans le conduit d'évacuation d'un four d'une cellule de craquage d'un système d'évaluation selon l'invention ;
- les figures 5 à 6 représentent schématiquement des réalisations préférentielles de différentes parties d'un système d'évaluation selon l'invention.
Claims (17)
- Système d'évaluation d'un état de salissures d'une cavité d'un four caractérisé en ce que le système comporte au moins une cellule (1) de craquage des salissures, le craquage dégageant une énergie (E) de craquage, des moyens (2) de mesure de température (T) associés à la cellule (1), des moyens (4) de chauffage intermittent de la cellule (1) à une température suffisante pour provoquer le craquage des salissures, l'énergie (E) de craquage influençant la température (T) mesurée, et des moyens (5) de traitement associant un niveau (N) de salissures à la température (T) mesurée.
- Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (4) de chauffage intermittent comportent un élément chauffant associé à la cellule (1) et apportant de la chaleur à la cellule (1) par impulsions.
- Système selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque cuisson comporte deux ou trois impulsions de chauffage.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la durée des impulsions de chauffage vaut sensiblement huit minutes.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que pendant une cuisson, la première impulsion a lieu sensiblement trente minutes après le début de la cuisson et les impulsions suivantes se succèdent à intervalle valant sensiblement vingt minutes.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (5) de traitement comparent la réponse en température (2B, 2C) mesurée par les moyens (2) de mesure de température (T) associés à la cellule (1) avec une réponse de référence (2A).
- Système selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (5) de traitement évaluent à chaque impulsion de chauffage la durée (Δt1, Δt2) pendant laquelle les moyens (2) de mesure de température (T) associés à la cellule (1) mesurent une température supérieure à une température seuil (TS) donnée et comparent cette durée (Δt1, Δt2) à une durée de référence (Δt0).
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la réponse de référence (2A) ou la durée de référence (Δt0) sont modulées par la tension (V) d'alimentation des moyens (4) de chauffage intermittent.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le four comporte un conduit (6) d'évacuation dans laquelle est placée la cellule (1) et qui est située entre la cavité (7) et un milieu extérieur (8), et en ce que les moyens (2) de mesure de température (T) comprennent un deuxième capteur (12) de température situé dans le conduit (6) d'évacuation, soit en aval de la cellule (1) soit dans la cellule (1).
- Système selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième capteur (12) de température est une sonde platine.
- Système selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième capteur (12) de température est un thermocouple.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le four comporte un conduit (6) d'évacuation dans laquelle est placée la cellule (1) et qui est située entre la cavité (7) et un milieu extérieur (8), et en ce que tout l'air, venant de la cavité (7) et traversant le conduit (6) vers le milieu extérieur (8), traverse aussi la cellule(1).
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (5) de traitement ajoutent le niveau (N) de salissures à la somme (Σ) des niveaux de salissures des impulsions précédentes pour obtenir un niveau total (NT) de salissures et comparent le niveau total (NT) à au moins un seuil prédéfini (Sp), et en ce que le système comporte des moyens (10) de visualisation affichant une indication (IS) de saleté du four correspondant au seuil (Sp) lorsque le niveau total (NT) est supérieur au seuil (Sp).
- Système selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une indication (IS) comporte une proposition de pyrolyse à l'utilisateur du four.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 14, caractérisé en ce que si le seuil prédéfini (Sp) est supérieur à une valeur prédéfinie (Vp), le chauffage intermittent de la cellule (1 ) devient continu.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système comporte un dispositif (11) de pyrolyse et en ce que le dispositif (11) de pyrolyse arrête une pyrolyse lorsque le niveau (N) de salissures devient sensiblement nul.
- Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cellule (1) est une cellule catalytique.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9903232 | 1999-03-16 | ||
FR9903232A FR2791127B1 (fr) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | Systeme d'evaluation de l'etat de salissures de la cavite d'un four |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1043547A1 true EP1043547A1 (fr) | 2000-10-11 |
EP1043547B1 EP1043547B1 (fr) | 2003-06-11 |
Family
ID=9543244
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20000400611 Expired - Lifetime EP1043547B1 (fr) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-03-07 | Systéme d'évaluation de l'état de salissures de la cavité d'un four |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1043547B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60003252T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2200792T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2791127B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007005501B4 (de) * | 2007-01-30 | 2012-06-21 | Rational Ag | Verfahren zum Reinigen eines Nahrungsmittelbehandlungsgerätes, insbesondere unter Bestimmung eines Reinigungsgrads, und Nahrungsmittelbehandlungsgerät hierfür |
DE202007014318U1 (de) | 2007-10-12 | 2007-12-13 | Rational Ag | Anzeigeeinrichtung zur Anzeige des Pflegezustands eines Gargeräts |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0380733A1 (fr) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-08-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Cuisinière munie d'une fonction pour le nettoyage automatique d'encrassements déposés aux parois internes |
US5286943A (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1994-02-15 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeraete | Sensor-controlled oven pyrolysis utilizing fuzzy logic control |
DE19706186A1 (de) * | 1997-02-17 | 1998-08-20 | Miele & Cie | Backofen und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Pyrolysereinigungsvorganges |
FR2777345A1 (fr) * | 1998-04-10 | 1999-10-15 | Europ Equip Menager | Systeme d'evaluation de l'etat de salissures de la cavite d'un four |
-
1999
- 1999-03-16 FR FR9903232A patent/FR2791127B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-03-07 ES ES00400611T patent/ES2200792T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-07 EP EP20000400611 patent/EP1043547B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-07 DE DE2000603252 patent/DE60003252T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0380733A1 (fr) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-08-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Cuisinière munie d'une fonction pour le nettoyage automatique d'encrassements déposés aux parois internes |
US5286943A (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1994-02-15 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeraete | Sensor-controlled oven pyrolysis utilizing fuzzy logic control |
DE19706186A1 (de) * | 1997-02-17 | 1998-08-20 | Miele & Cie | Backofen und Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Pyrolysereinigungsvorganges |
FR2777345A1 (fr) * | 1998-04-10 | 1999-10-15 | Europ Equip Menager | Systeme d'evaluation de l'etat de salissures de la cavite d'un four |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2791127B1 (fr) | 2001-07-06 |
DE60003252T2 (de) | 2004-04-29 |
FR2791127A1 (fr) | 2000-09-22 |
ES2200792T3 (es) | 2004-03-16 |
EP1043547B1 (fr) | 2003-06-11 |
DE60003252D1 (de) | 2003-07-17 |
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