EP1037259B1 - High pressure discharge lamp with an ignition aid - Google Patents
High pressure discharge lamp with an ignition aid Download PDFInfo
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- EP1037259B1 EP1037259B1 EP00103512A EP00103512A EP1037259B1 EP 1037259 B1 EP1037259 B1 EP 1037259B1 EP 00103512 A EP00103512 A EP 00103512A EP 00103512 A EP00103512 A EP 00103512A EP 1037259 B1 EP1037259 B1 EP 1037259B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- coupling surface
- lamp according
- discharge vessel
- pressure lamp
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
- H01J61/547—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using an auxiliary electrode outside the vessel
Definitions
- the invention is based on a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
- These are in particular high pressure sodium lamps, especially with one attached to the outside of the ceramic discharge vessel Ignition aid.
- metal halide lamps are also suitable.
- Ignition aids without direct electrical contact to the mains voltage are switched on Bimetal dispensed with. Instead, there are axial ignition strips and a closed one Ring used around each electrode. The ignition aid is only capacitive to the Coupled ignition pulse, this coupling of the area of the ignition aid and the Distance between ignition aid and electrode depends. Since they are floating Sodium diffusion is prevented.
- the potential of the ignition aid depends on from the voltage divider, the capacitance between the ignition aid and the Form electrodes. High-resistance, galvanic connections also play a role between the ignition aid and the electrodes due to the finite conductivity of the ceramic and along the ceramics. With a symmetrical structure, the potential of Ignition aid is in the middle between ground and the potential of the ignition pulse. So there is only half the voltage value for the breakdown between Electrode and wall of the discharge vessel are available. The punch can both between the ground electrode and the wall with ignition aid as well as between the high voltage electrode and the wall with ignition aid. Because there is a similar potential difference in both cases.
- the breakthrough is formed in both cases, i.e. both direct and capacitive coupling, equally.
- a discharge occurs between the first electrode to which the high voltage pulse is applied and the the nearest point on the ceramic wall where the ignition aid is located on the outside.
- the Discharge spreads along the ignition aid on the ceramic wall until it finally comes to the breakdown to the second electrode.
- the ignition aid turns up without direct electrical contact to the mains voltage because of the capacitive coupling, a potential between that of the high voltage pulse at the first electrode and the zero potential of the second Electrode.
- the potential difference between the high voltage pulse and the Ignition aid is therefore less than when the ignition aid is at the potential of one of the electrodes. This means that the ignition voltage requirement is not in contact Ignition aid increased significantly.
- the invention dispenses with a closed ring (full circle) around the electrode at the end of the ignition strip.
- an elongated ignition strip is through at the level of each electrode a coupling area widened, so that the capacity that the electrode with the Coupling area forms, is significantly enlarged. This increases the amount of charge considerable when the ignition pulse is applied between the electrode and the inner surface of the ceramic tube flows, and there is a stronger ionization of the gas.
- the coupling surface has a maximum transverse extent accordingly a central angle a of at most 180 °, in particular 50 ° to 120 °.
- This construction has compared to the ignition strip with the two conductive rings the advantage of an asymmetrical field strength distribution on the electrode produce. For this reason, the voltage required for a breakdown significantly less than with the symmetrical ring arrangement.
- the second version with the horizontal stripes to avoid the loss of field strength caused by an im Manufacturing process of inclination of the electrodes which cannot be completely excluded can arise: The person responsible for the field strength generated on the electrode minimal distance between electrode and horizontal stripe increases even with an off-axis Position of the electrode is only insignificant, so that the scatter caused thereby the ignition voltage is reduced.
- an advantageous design of the ignition aid is that the coupling surfaces are formed at both ends of the ignition strip as conductive transverse strips that extend over less than half the circumference of the discharge tube.
- the electrode advantageously consists of a shaft with a given diameter D. and a wider part, especially a helix or ball, with a larger one Transverse dimension, with the coupling surface attached in the area of the wider part is.
- the coupling surface according to the invention increases the capacity compared to the electrode and creates a particularly powerful spark. It is also significant easier to apply than a full circle. Detailed investigations have shown that with the same size of the area, the required ignition voltage for a full circle is larger than in a pitch circle, in particular with a central angle a of less than 180 °. It can be assumed that the lack of symmetry of this arrangement of Ignition aid and electrode an inhomogeneous field distribution with particularly high peak field strengths on the electrode that causes the peak field strengths of the symmetrical Arrange (with rings) by a few percent (up to 5%). The Larger field strengths make it easier to penetrate and thus the required Ignition voltage lower.
- the coupling surface can preferably be one have square, elliptical or circular area and in particular a Horizontal stripes in the form of a partial circle.
- the ignition aid presented here is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, for example by a screen printing or stamp printing process, without a complex Manipulation or turning the discharge vessel would be necessary.
- the ignition voltage lower with the same coupling area at the strip ends in Comparison to the state of the art. The reason for this is the inhomogeneity of the electrical Field strength between the coupling surface and the electrode.
- the known annular arrangement because of its radial symmetry overall a lower electric field at the electrode. Accordingly, the created Ignition voltage in the present invention to be lower at the Electrode to generate the field strength required for the breakdown.
- High-pressure discharge lamps include, in particular, high-pressure sodium lamps or without understanding mercury and metal halide lamps.
- FIG. 1 shows a discharge vessel 1 made of aluminum oxide ceramic for a high-pressure sodium lamp with a power of 70 W, which has a distance between the two electrodes 2 of 37 mm, a wall thickness of 0.6 mm and a xenon filling of 1.5. 10 4 Pa (150 mbar) cold filling pressure and sodium.
- a rod-shaped ignition strip 4 of 40 mm in length and with a width B of 0.8 mm is used. Its area F is 32 mm 2 .
- a coupling surface 6 is attached at the level of each electrode 2 transversely to the ignition strip, namely at the height of the coil 3 pushed onto the shaft 11 of the electrode.
- the ignition voltage of this arrangement (measurements C1, C2 in Table 1) was measured with compared to the prior art, in the one with an identical discharge vessel an ignition aid was dispensed with (measurement A), or only as an ignition aid the ignition strip of the same size was used (measurement B) or additionally annular transverse strip 10 at the end of the ignition strip 4 of the same size according to Figure 2 is placed (measurements D1, D2).
- the dimensions of the systems were chosen so that the coupling area the ignition aid was the same size in both cases.
- the ignition aid is here in all Cases only coupled capacitively.
- the ignition pulse is applied to the first electrode while the second electrode is at zero potential. Measurement results of the ignition aid with pitch circle at the ends are in Table 1 with the other versions from the State of the art compared.
- the result can be interpreted in such a way that with a small coupling area of the transverse strip (4 to 20 mm 2 ) the ignition-promoting effect is so small that no differences between the pitch circle and the ring can be seen. With a larger area (more than 20 mm 2 ) of the transverse strip, the pitch circle is superior to the ring, since the ignition voltage is noticeably reduced.
- Ignition behavior for various auxiliary ignition constructions embodiment Cross stripe area (in mm 2 ) Ignition voltage (in kV)
- D2 Discharge vessel with ignition strips and full circle 65 1.80
- the area of the partial circle 15 is at second end 16 of the ignition strip 4 only half as large as the area of the pitch circle 17 at the first end 18, since at the second end 16 a smaller ignition voltage for the flashover is sufficient after the lamp has ignited at the first electrode. The optical shadowing is therefore less.
- FIG. 5 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 5.
- the horizontal stripe not rectangular, but as a circle 20 or as an ellipse 21 (shown in broken lines) shaped.
- the center of the transverse stripe 20 or 21 is at the end of the ignition strip 4.
- the horizontal stripe can also be used for special optical requirements be arranged asymmetrically to the ignition strip.
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- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Hochdruckentladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff
des Anspruchs 1. Es handelt sich dabei insbesondere um Natriumhochdrucklampen,
vor allem mit einer außen am keramischen Entladungsgefäß angebrachten
Zündhilfe. Aber auch Metallhalogenidlampen eignen sich.The invention is based on a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble
of
Aus der EP-A 592 040 ist bereits eine Natriumhochdrucklampe mit äußerer Zündhilfe bekannt. Beim Zünden von Natriumhochdrucklampen erfolgt der elektrische Durchschlag durch einen Hochspannungsimpuls, der zwischen den beiden im keramischen Entladungsgefäß befindlichen Elektroden angelegt wird. Der Absolutwert dieser Hochspannung wird bestimmt durch die geometrischen Abmessungen des Entladungsgefäßes und insbesondere durch den Kaltfülldruck des darin befindlichen Edelgases (meist Xenon). Ein hoher Kaltfülldruck führt einerseits zu hohen Lichtausbeuten und guter Maintenance, erfordert aber andererseits entsprechend große Zündspannungen, die nicht ohne weiteres zur Verfügung stehen.From EP-A 592 040 there is already a high pressure sodium lamp with external ignition aid known. When igniting high-pressure sodium lamps, the electrical one takes place Breakdown through a high voltage pulse that occurs between the two in the ceramic Discharge vessel located electrodes is applied. The absolute value this high voltage is determined by the geometric dimensions of the Discharge vessel and in particular by the cold filling pressure of the one located therein Noble gas (mostly xenon). A high cold filling pressure leads on the one hand to high light yields and good maintenance, but on the other hand requires correspondingly large ones Ignition voltages that are not readily available.
Man behilft sich durch eine außen am Entladungsgefäß angebrachte elektrisch leitende, metallische Zündhilfe. Sie ist entweder ein separates Teil oder ein Streifen, der auf das keramische Entladungsgefäß aufgesintert ist. Das separate Teil kann die Gestalt eines am Entladungsgefäß anliegenden Drahtes oder einer Wendel aus hochschmelzendem Metall haben. Es wird mittels eines Bimetalls angedrückt. Im laufenden Betrieb hebt das Bimetall diese Zündhilfe vom Entladungsgefäß ab. Dies ist nötig, da die Zündhilfe elektrisch mit einer der beiden Elektroden verbunden ist und so zwischen der Zündhilfe und der zweiten Elektrode eine hohe elektrische Feldstärke vorliegt, die zur Diffusion des Natriums durch die Wand des Entladungsgefäßes führt. Das Bimetall hat allerdings den Nachteil, daß es schwierig zu montieren ist. Außerdem kann es nach einiger Zeit ermüden oder sich lösen und so zu vorzeitigen Lampenausfällen führen.You help yourself through an electrically conductive, attached to the outside of the discharge vessel, metallic ignition aid. It's either a separate piece or a strip, which is sintered onto the ceramic discharge vessel. The separate part can the shape of a wire or a coil lying against the discharge vessel have melting metal. It is pressed on using a bimetal. in the During operation, the bimetal lifts this ignition aid off the discharge vessel. This is necessary because the ignition aid is electrically connected to one of the two electrodes and so a high electrical between the ignition aid and the second electrode Field strength is present, which leads to the diffusion of sodium through the wall of the discharge vessel leads. However, the bimetal has the disadvantage that it is difficult to assemble is. It can also tire or loosen up after a while and so too cause premature lamp failures.
Bei Zündhilfen ohne direkten elektrischen Kontakt zur Netzspannung wird auf ein Bimetall verzichtet. Es werden statt dessen axiale Zündstreifen und ein geschlossener Ring um jede Elektrode verwendet. Die Zündhilfe ist hierbei nur kapazitiv an den Zündimpuls gekoppelt, wobei diese Kopplung von der Fläche der Zündhilfe und dem Abstand zwischen Zündhilfe und Elektrode abhängt. Da sie auf freischwebendem Potential liegt, wird die Natriumdiffusion verhindert.Ignition aids without direct electrical contact to the mains voltage are switched on Bimetal dispensed with. Instead, there are axial ignition strips and a closed one Ring used around each electrode. The ignition aid is only capacitive to the Coupled ignition pulse, this coupling of the area of the ignition aid and the Distance between ignition aid and electrode depends. Since they are floating Sodium diffusion is prevented.
Bei nicht kontaktierter, kapazitiver Zündhilfe hängt das Potential der Zündhilfe von dem Spannungsteiler ab, den die Kapazitäten zwischen der Zündhilfe und den Elektroden bilden. Eine Rolle spielen auch hochohmige, galvanische Verbindungen zwischen der Zündhilfe und den Elektroden durch die endliche Leitfähigkeit der Keramik und entlang der Keramik. Bei symmetrischem Aufbau wird das Potential der Zündhilfe in der Mitte zwischen Masse und dem Potential des Zündimpulses liegen. Es steht dann also nur der halbe Spannungswert für den Durchschlag zwischen Elektrode und Wand des Entladungsgefäßes zur Verfügung. Der Durchschlag kann sowohl zwischen der Masse-Elektrode und der Wand mit Zündhilfe als auch zwischen der auf Hochspannung liegenden Elektrode und der Wand mit Zündhilfe erfolgen. Denn in beiden Fällen liegt ein ähnlicher Potentialunterschied vor.In the case of non-contacted, capacitive ignition aid, the potential of the ignition aid depends on from the voltage divider, the capacitance between the ignition aid and the Form electrodes. High-resistance, galvanic connections also play a role between the ignition aid and the electrodes due to the finite conductivity of the ceramic and along the ceramics. With a symmetrical structure, the potential of Ignition aid is in the middle between ground and the potential of the ignition pulse. So there is only half the voltage value for the breakdown between Electrode and wall of the discharge vessel are available. The punch can both between the ground electrode and the wall with ignition aid as well as between the high voltage electrode and the wall with ignition aid. Because there is a similar potential difference in both cases.
Der Durchschlag bildet sich in beiden Fällen, also sowohl bei direkter als auch bei kapzitiver Kopplung, gleichermaßen aus. Zunächst entsteht eine Entladung zwischen der ersten Elektrode, an der der Hochspannungsimpuls anliegt, und der nächstgelegenen Stelle der Keramikwand, an der außen die Zündhilfe sitzt. Die Entladung breitet sich entlang der Zündhilfe an der Keramikwand aus, bis es schließlich zum Durchschlag zur zweiten Elektrode hin kommt.The breakthrough is formed in both cases, i.e. both direct and capacitive coupling, equally. First, a discharge occurs between the first electrode to which the high voltage pulse is applied and the the nearest point on the ceramic wall where the ignition aid is located on the outside. The Discharge spreads along the ignition aid on the ceramic wall until it finally comes to the breakdown to the second electrode.
Ohne direkten elektrischen Kontakt zur Netzspannung stellt sich an der Zündhilfe wegen der kapazitiven Kopplung ein Potential ein, das zwischen dem des Hochspannungsimpulses an der ersten Elektrode und dem Nullpotential der zweiten Elektrode liegt. Die Potentialdifferenz zwischen dem Hochspannungsimpuls und der Zündhilfe ist demzufolge geringer, als wenn die Zündhilfe auf dem Potential einer der Elektroden liegt. Das heißt, daß der Zündspannungsbedarf sich bei nicht kontaktierter Zündhilfe deutlich erhöht. The ignition aid turns up without direct electrical contact to the mains voltage because of the capacitive coupling, a potential between that of the high voltage pulse at the first electrode and the zero potential of the second Electrode. The potential difference between the high voltage pulse and the Ignition aid is therefore less than when the ignition aid is at the potential of one of the electrodes. This means that the ignition voltage requirement is not in contact Ignition aid increased significantly.
Ein spezieller Nachteil der aus EP-A 592 040 bekannten aufgesinterten, kapazitiven Zündhilfe mit zwei Ringen liegt darin, daß die Ringe fertigungstechnisch umständlich aufzubringen sind, was hohe Kosten verursacht. Außerdem ist der erforderliche Absolutwert der Zündspannung relativ hoch. Andererseits zündet ein einfacher, kostengünstiger Zündstreifen nicht zuverlässig genug und der erforderliche Absolutwert der Zündspannung ist noch deutlich höher als bei der Ringlösung.A particular disadvantage of the sintered, capacitive capacitors known from EP-A 592 040 Ignition aid with two rings is that the rings are cumbersome to manufacture have to be raised, which causes high costs. In addition, the required absolute value the ignition voltage is relatively high. On the other hand, a simple, inexpensive ignites Ignition strips not reliable enough and the required absolute value the ignition voltage is still significantly higher than with the ring solution.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Hochdrucklampe gemäß dem
Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bereitzustellen, die unproblematisch zündet und deren
Zündhilfe einfach und kostengünstig herzustellen ist.It is an object of the present invention to provide a high pressure lamp according to the
Provide the preamble of
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.
Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of
Die Erfindung verzichtet auf einen geschlossenen Ring (Vollkreis) um die Elektrode am Ende des Zündstreifens.The invention dispenses with a closed ring (full circle) around the electrode at the end of the ignition strip.
Statt dessen ist ein längsgestreckter Zündstreifen in Höhe jeder Elektrode durch eine Kopplungsfläche verbreitert, so daß die Kapazität, die die Elektrode mit der Kopplungsfläche bildet, deutlich vergrößert wird. Dadurch erhöht sich die Ladungsmenge beträchtlich, die beim Anlegen des Zündimpulses zwischen der Elektrode und der Innenfläche des Keramikrohres fließt, und es entsteht eine stärkere Ionisation des Gases. Die Kopplungsfläche hat eine maximale Querausdehnung entsprechend einem Zentriwinkel a von höchstens 180°, insbesondere 50° bis 120°.Instead, an elongated ignition strip is through at the level of each electrode a coupling area widened, so that the capacity that the electrode with the Coupling area forms, is significantly enlarged. This increases the amount of charge considerable when the ignition pulse is applied between the electrode and the inner surface of the ceramic tube flows, and there is a stronger ionization of the gas. The coupling surface has a maximum transverse extent accordingly a central angle a of at most 180 °, in particular 50 ° to 120 °.
Diese Konstruktion hat gegenüber dem Zündstreifen mit den beiden leitfähigen Ringen den Vorteil, auf der Elektrode eine unsymmetrische Feldstärkeverteilung zu erzeugen. Aus diesem Grunde ist die für einen Durchschlag erforderliche Spannung deutlich geringer als bei der symmetrischen Ringanordnung. Die zweite Ausführung mit den Querstreifen soll den Verlust an Feldstärke vermeiden, der durch eine im Fertigungsprozeß nicht vollständig auszuschließende Schieflage der Elektroden entstehen kann: Der für die auf der Elektrode erzeugte Feldstärke verantwortliche minimale Abstand Elektrode - Querstreifen vergrößert sich auch bei einer außeraxialen Lage der Elektrode nur unwesentlich, so daß die dadurch verursachte Streuung der Zündspannung verkleinert wird.This construction has compared to the ignition strip with the two conductive rings the advantage of an asymmetrical field strength distribution on the electrode produce. For this reason, the voltage required for a breakdown significantly less than with the symmetrical ring arrangement. The second version with the horizontal stripes to avoid the loss of field strength caused by an im Manufacturing process of inclination of the electrodes which cannot be completely excluded can arise: The person responsible for the field strength generated on the electrode minimal distance between electrode and horizontal stripe increases even with an off-axis Position of the electrode is only insignificant, so that the scatter caused thereby the ignition voltage is reduced.
Eine vorteilhafte Gestaltung der Zündhilfe besteht darin, daß die Kopplungsflächen an beiden Enden des Zündstreifens als leitfähige Querstreifen ausgebildet sind, die sich über weniger als den halben Umfang des Entladungsrohres erstrecken.An advantageous design of the ignition aid is that the coupling surfaces are formed at both ends of the ignition strip as conductive transverse strips that extend over less than half the circumference of the discharge tube.
Die Elektrode besteht vorteilhaft aus einem Schaft mit gegebenem Durchmesser D und einem breiteren Teil, insbesondere einer Wendel oder Kugel, mit größerer Querabmessung, wobei die Kopplungsfläche im Bereich des breiteren Teils angebracht ist.The electrode advantageously consists of a shaft with a given diameter D. and a wider part, especially a helix or ball, with a larger one Transverse dimension, with the coupling surface attached in the area of the wider part is.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kopplungsfläche erhöht die Kapazität gegenüber der Elektrode und erzeugt einen besonders kräftigen Zündfunken. Überdies ist sie erheblich leichter aufzubringen als ein Vollkreis. Detaillierte Untersuchungen haben ergeben, daß bei gleicher Größe der Fläche die benötigte Zündspannung bei einem Vollkreis größer ist als bei einem Teilkreis, insbesondere mit einem Zentriwinkel a von weniger als 180°. Es ist zu vermuten, daß die fehlende Symmetrie dieser Anordnung von Zündhilfe und Elektrode eine inhomogene Feldverteilung mit besonders hohen Spitzenfeldstärken auf der Elektrode hervorruft, die die Spitzenfeldstärken der symmetrischen Anordnung (mit Ringen) um einige Prozent (bis zu 5%) übersteigen. Die größeren Spitzenfeldstärken erleichtern einen Durchschlag und damit wird die erforderliche Zündspannung niedriger. Je kleiner der Zentriwinkel gewählt wird, desto größer ist die Asymmetrie und daher die Spitzenfeldstärke. Bei sehr kleinen Zentriwinkeln unter 45° läßt allerdings die kapazitive Kopplung wieder nach. Optimal ist daher ein Zentriwinkel von 50 bis 120°. Die Kopplungsfläche kann bevorzugt eine quadratische, elliptische oder kreisförmige Fläche besitzen und insbesondere ein Querstreifen in Gestalt eines Teilkreises sein.The coupling surface according to the invention increases the capacity compared to the electrode and creates a particularly powerful spark. It is also significant easier to apply than a full circle. Detailed investigations have shown that with the same size of the area, the required ignition voltage for a full circle is larger than in a pitch circle, in particular with a central angle a of less than 180 °. It can be assumed that the lack of symmetry of this arrangement of Ignition aid and electrode an inhomogeneous field distribution with particularly high peak field strengths on the electrode that causes the peak field strengths of the symmetrical Arrange (with rings) by a few percent (up to 5%). The Larger field strengths make it easier to penetrate and thus the required Ignition voltage lower. The smaller the central angle is chosen, the more the asymmetry and therefore the peak field strength is greater. At very small center angles below 45 °, however, the capacitive coupling decreases again. Is optimal hence a central angle of 50 to 120 °. The coupling surface can preferably be one have square, elliptical or circular area and in particular a Horizontal stripes in the form of a partial circle.
Grundsätzlich gilt: Je größer die kapazitive Fläche in der Nähe einer ersten Elektrode ist, desto leichter kommt es zum Durchschlag zwischen dieser Elektrode und der Wand des Entladungsgefäßes.Basically, the larger the capacitive area near a first electrode is, the easier it is to breakdown between this electrode and the Wall of the discharge tube.
Die hier vorgestellt Zündhilfe ist einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar, beispielsweise durch ein Siebdruck- oder Stempeldruckverfahren, ohne daß eine aufwendige Manipulation bzw. ein Drehen des Entladungsgefäßes notwendig wäre. Zudem ist die Zündspannung niedriger bei gleicher Kopplungsfläche an den Streifenenden im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik. Ursache dafür ist die Inhomogenität der elektrischen Feldstärke zwischen der Kopplungsfläche und der Elektrode. Dagegen bewirkt die bekannte ringförmige Anordnung wegen ihrer Radialsymmetrie insgesamt ein niedrigeres elektrisches Feld an der Elektrode. Dementsprechend kann die angelegte Zündspannung bei der vorliegenden Erfindung niedriger sein, um an der Elektrode die für den Durchschlag erforderliche Feldstärke zu erzeugen.The ignition aid presented here is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, for example by a screen printing or stamp printing process, without a complex Manipulation or turning the discharge vessel would be necessary. In addition is the ignition voltage lower with the same coupling area at the strip ends in Comparison to the state of the art. The reason for this is the inhomogeneity of the electrical Field strength between the coupling surface and the electrode. On the other hand the known annular arrangement because of its radial symmetry overall a lower electric field at the electrode. Accordingly, the created Ignition voltage in the present invention to be lower at the Electrode to generate the field strength required for the breakdown.
Als Hochdruckentladungslampen sind insbesondere Natriumhochdrucklampen mit oder ohne Quecksilber sowie Metallhalogenidlampen zu verstehen.High-pressure discharge lamps include, in particular, high-pressure sodium lamps or without understanding mercury and metal halide lamps.
Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- ein Entladungsgefäß für eine Natriumhochdrucklampe, in Seitenansicht (Figur 1a, geschnitten), in Draufsicht (Figur 1b) und im Querschnitt (Figur 1c), wobei die Zündhilfe eine quadratische Kopplungsfläche besitzt;
Figur 2- eine Darstellung des Standes der Technik;
Figur 3- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Entladungsgefäßes mit Querstreifen an den Enden des Längsstreifens als Kopplungsfläche;
Figur 4- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel von Kopplungsflächen;
Figur 5- zwei weitere Ausführungsbeispiele von Kopplungsflächen.
- Figure 1
- a discharge vessel for a high pressure sodium lamp, in side view (Figure 1a, sectioned), in plan view (Figure 1b) and in cross section (Figure 1c), the ignition aid having a square coupling surface;
- Figure 2
- a representation of the prior art;
- Figure 3
- a further embodiment of a discharge vessel with transverse strips at the ends of the longitudinal strip as a coupling surface;
- Figure 4
- a further embodiment of coupling surfaces;
- Figure 5
- two further embodiments of coupling surfaces.
In Figur 1 ist ein Entladungsgefäß 1 aus Aluminiumoxid-Keramik für eine Natriumhochdrucklampe
mit 70 W Leistung gezeigt, das einen Abstand zwischen den beiden
Elektroden 2 von 37 mm hat, mit einer Wandstärke von 0,6 mm und mit einer
Füllung aus Xenon von 1.5·104 Pa (150 mbar) Kaltfülldruck sowie Natrium. Dabei wird ein stabförmiger
Zündstreifen 4 von 40 mm Länge und mit einer Breite B von 0,8 mm verwendet.
Seine Fläche F beträgt 32 mm2. An den beiden Enden 5 des Zündstreifens
4 ist in Höhe jeder Elektrode 2 quer zum Zündstreifen eine Kopplungsfläche 6 angebracht,
und zwar in Höhe der auf den Schaft 11 der Elektrode aufgeschobenen
Wendel 3.FIG. 1 shows a
In diesem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel sind zwei im wesentlichen quadratische
Kopplungsflächen 6 mit 3 mm Kantenlänge an beiden Enden des Zündstreifens angebracht.
Sie entsprechen in etwa einem Teilkreis mit einem Zentriwinkel α = 50°.
Die Zündspannung dieser Anordnung (Messungen C1, C2 in Tabelle 1) wurde mit
dem Stand der Technik verglichen, bei dem zum einen bei einem identischen Entladungsgefäß
auf eine Zündhilfe verzichtet wurde (Messung A), oder als Zündhilfe nur
der gleich große Zündstreifen verwendet wurde (Messung B) oder zusätzlich ein
ringförmiger Querstreifen 10 am Ende des gleich großen Zündstreifens 4 gemäß
Figur 2 gelegt ist (Messungen D1, D2).In this first embodiment, two are substantially square
Coupling surfaces 6 with 3 mm edge length attached to both ends of the ignition strip.
They correspond approximately to a pitch circle with a central angle α = 50 °.
The ignition voltage of this arrangement (measurements C1, C2 in Table 1) was measured with
compared to the prior art, in the one with an identical discharge vessel
an ignition aid was dispensed with (measurement A), or only as an ignition aid
the ignition strip of the same size was used (measurement B) or additionally
annular
In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 wurde die Kopplungsfläche 16
an jedem Ende des Zündstreifens 4 so gestaltet, daß sie einen schmalen Querstreifen
bildet. Er bildet in etwa einen Teilkreis 6 mit einem Zentriwinkel von α =
120°.In a second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, the
Die Abmessungen der Systeme wurden jeweils so gewählt, daß die Kopplungsfläche der Zündhilfe in beiden Fällen gleich groß war. Die Zündhilfe ist hier in allen Fällen nur kapazitiv gekoppelt. Der Zündimpuls wird an die erste Elektrode angelegt, während die zweite Elektrode auf Nullpotential liegt. Meßergebnisse der Zündhilfe mit Teilkreis an den Enden sind in Tabelle 1 mit den anderen Versionen aus dem Stand der Technik verglichen.The dimensions of the systems were chosen so that the coupling area the ignition aid was the same size in both cases. The ignition aid is here in all Cases only coupled capacitively. The ignition pulse is applied to the first electrode while the second electrode is at zero potential. Measurement results of the ignition aid with pitch circle at the ends are in Table 1 with the other versions from the State of the art compared.
Das Ergebnis läßt sich so interpretieren, daß bei kleiner Kopplungsfläche des Querstreifens
(4 bis 20 mm2) der zündfördernde Effekt so klein ist, daß keine Unterschiede
zwischen Teilkreis und Ring erkennbar sind. Bei größerer Fläche (mehr als 20
mm2) des Querstreifens ist der Teilkreis dem Ring überlegen, da sich die Zündspannung
merklich verringert.
In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel (Figur 4) ist die Fläche des Teilkreises 15 am
zweiten Ende 16 des Zündstreifens 4 nur halb so groß wie die Fläche des Teilkreises
17 am ersten Ende 18, da am zweiten Ende 16 eine kleinere Zündspannung für
den Überschlag genügt, nachdem die Lampe an der ersten Elektrode gezündet hat.
Somit ist die optische Abschattung geringer.In another exemplary embodiment (FIG. 4), the area of the
Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Figur 5 gezeigt. Hier ist der Querstreifen
nicht rechteckig, sondern als Kreis 20 bzw. als Ellipse 21 (gestrichelt gezeichnet)
geformt. In beiden Fällen liegt das Zentrum des Querstreifens 20 bzw. 21 am Ende
des Zündstreifens 4.Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 5. Here is the horizontal stripe
not rectangular, but as a
Insbesondere bei speziellen optischen Anforderungen kann der Querstreifen auch asymmetrisch zum Zündstreifen angeordnet sein.The horizontal stripe can also be used for special optical requirements be arranged asymmetrically to the ignition strip.
Claims (10)
- High-pressure lamp having a ceramic, tubular discharge vessel (1), in which two electrodes (2) are situated opposite one another, an electrically conducting starting aid being fitted outside on the discharge vessel (1), characterized in that the starting aid comprises an axially parallel longitudinal strip (4) of prescribed width (B) to which there is attached approximately at the level of each electrode (2) a coupling surface (6; 15; 17) which surrounds the discharge vessel (1) and has a maximum transverse extent, corresponding to a centre angle α of at most 180°, in particular 50° to 120°.
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coupling surface covers at least 4 mm2.
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coupling surface is constructed as a transverse strip (6; 15; 17) of given length and width.
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 2, characterized in that the coupling surface is at least approximately as large as a surface F of a complete circle, which surrounds the discharge vessel and is of width B, in particular up to twice the surface F.
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coupling surface covers at most 70 mm2.
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coupling surface has the shape of a partial or complete circle (20) or an ellipse (21).
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coupling surface (6; 15; 17) is arranged symmetrically relative to the longitudinal strip.
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the coupling surface (6; 15; 17) is fitted in each case on the end of the longitudinal strip (4).
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lamp is a sodium highpressure lamp, in particular having a filling in the discharge vessel, which contains sodium and xenon, the cold filling pressure of the xenon being at least 104Pa (100 mbar).
- High-pressure lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the electrode (2) comprises a shaft (11) of given diameter D and a part (3), in particular a helix or a sphere, of greater transverse dimension than the shaft, the coupling surface (6) being fitted in the region of the wider part (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19911727 | 1999-03-16 | ||
| DE19911727A DE19911727A1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | High pressure sodium lamp with ignition aid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1037259A1 EP1037259A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
| EP1037259B1 true EP1037259B1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
Family
ID=7901190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00103512A Expired - Lifetime EP1037259B1 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 2000-02-18 | High pressure discharge lamp with an ignition aid |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6429588B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1037259B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE251799T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2299788A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19911727A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU224848B1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8659225B2 (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2014-02-25 | General Electric Company | High intensity discharge lamp with crown and foil ignition aid |
| US8766518B2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2014-07-01 | General Electric Company | High intensity discharge lamp with ignition aid |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7038383B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-05-02 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Ignition aid for high intensity discharge lamp |
| DE102004056004A1 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-05-24 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | High pressure discharge lamp |
| SE530760C2 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-09-09 | Auralight Int Ab | High-pressure sodium lamp |
| DE102009029867A1 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-23 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | High pressure discharge lamp |
| US20150015141A1 (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2015-01-15 | Gregory Mirsky | Igniter-less power supply for xenon lamps in an accelerated weathering test apparatus |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1476160A (en) * | 1973-12-21 | 1977-06-10 | Heimann Gmbh | Pulse discharge lamps |
| US4463280A (en) * | 1982-04-15 | 1984-07-31 | General Electric Company | Shaped discharge lamp with starting aid |
| US4468591A (en) * | 1982-04-15 | 1984-08-28 | General Electric Company | Shaped discharge lamp with starting aid and starting strip |
| DE9004811U1 (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1990-07-05 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München | High pressure discharge lamp |
| DE69323026T2 (en) * | 1992-10-08 | 1999-07-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V., Eindhoven | High pressure discharge lamp |
| US5909082A (en) * | 1997-05-06 | 1999-06-01 | General Electric Company | Starting aid for high intensity discharge lamps |
-
1999
- 1999-03-16 DE DE19911727A patent/DE19911727A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-02-18 EP EP00103512A patent/EP1037259B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-18 AT AT00103512T patent/ATE251799T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-02-18 DE DE50003962T patent/DE50003962D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-24 US US09/511,946 patent/US6429588B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-28 CA CA002299788A patent/CA2299788A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-14 HU HU0001151A patent/HU224848B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8766518B2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2014-07-01 | General Electric Company | High intensity discharge lamp with ignition aid |
| US8659225B2 (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2014-02-25 | General Electric Company | High intensity discharge lamp with crown and foil ignition aid |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1037259A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
| HU224848B1 (en) | 2006-03-28 |
| DE50003962D1 (en) | 2003-11-13 |
| CA2299788A1 (en) | 2000-09-16 |
| HUP0001151A3 (en) | 2002-12-28 |
| ATE251799T1 (en) | 2003-10-15 |
| US6429588B1 (en) | 2002-08-06 |
| DE19911727A1 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
| HU0001151D0 (en) | 2000-05-28 |
| HUP0001151A2 (en) | 2000-09-28 |
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