EP1036276B1 - Screw-type compressor - Google Patents

Screw-type compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1036276B1
EP1036276B1 EP99950635A EP99950635A EP1036276B1 EP 1036276 B1 EP1036276 B1 EP 1036276B1 EP 99950635 A EP99950635 A EP 99950635A EP 99950635 A EP99950635 A EP 99950635A EP 1036276 B1 EP1036276 B1 EP 1036276B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screw
compressor
housing
screw compressor
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99950635A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1036276A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Dieterich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1036276A1 publication Critical patent/EP1036276A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1036276B1 publication Critical patent/EP1036276B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/10Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008Hermetic pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/026Lubricant separation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/14Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C18/16Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S418/00Rotary expansible chamber devices
    • Y10S418/01Non-working fluid separation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a screw compressor for compressing a working medium, comprising an outer housing, two screw rotors, which are arranged in the outer housing in these provided rotor bores, and a drive for the screw rotor, provided within the outer housing compressor screw housing, in which the rotor bores arranged for the screw rotor are an inlet portion, a compression portion and an outlet portion, and arranged between a substantial part of the compressor screw housing and the outer housing space.
  • Such screw compressors are from PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 087 (M-372), April 17, 1985 (1985-04-17) - & JP 59 215986 A (EBARA SEISAKUSHO KK), December 5, 1984 (1984-12-05).
  • the inlet section is arranged frontally of the compressor screws.
  • the sealing gap formed between the screw rotors and the rotor bores is a critical factor, since this is responsible for the leakage.
  • the sealing gap varies due to thermal or other influences.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to improve a screw compressor of the generic type such that the sealing gap is subject to the least possible variations.
  • the provision of a gap serves to couple the compressor screw housing and the outer housing thermally and with regard to vibration as little as possible or even to decouple.
  • the effects of external thermal effects on the compressor housing, which acts on the outer housing of the screw compressor are reduced and the compressor housing itself has the possibility of assuming a state of thermal equilibrium and of remaining in it at least only with long-term variations.
  • vibrations of the compressor screw housing are transmitted to a lesser extent to the outer housing.
  • the gap extends from an outlet end of the compressor screw housing in the direction of an inlet-side end of the same over the compression section to the inlet portion, the gap also contributes already in the region of the inlet portion to a decoupling of the compressor screw housing and the outer casing.
  • the gap extends over at least half of the circumference of the compression section in the azimuthal direction.
  • the intermediate space extends over at least approximately three quarters of the circumference of the compression section in order to decouple as much of the compression section as possible from the outer housing in terms of thermal and vibration technology.
  • the gap extends in the azimuthal direction to the rotor bores over at least half of the inlet portion. It is even better if the gap extends over three quarters of the circumference of the inlet section in the azimuthal direction.
  • the intermediate space also extends in the circumferential direction over the outlet section, in order to achieve an even more uniform temperature control in this case.
  • the gap extends over at least half of the circumference of the outlet section in the azimuthal direction, more preferably over approximately three quarters of the circumference of the outlet section in the azimuthal direction.
  • an advantageous embodiment provides that the intermediate space extends on average over at least half of a running in the axial direction of the screw rotor length of the compressor screw housing.
  • the intermediate space is under a pressure which approximately corresponds to the final pressure of the screw compressor, since in this case the compressor screw housing is already pressurized from the outside with a pressure which always corresponds to the maximum pressure in the interior thereof during the compression of the working medium , so that ultimately the compressor screw housing is not subject to unilateral pressurization, but on the average is rather acted upon by a pressure which is greater than the pressure generated in the interior of the same.
  • This solution has the particular advantage that the compressor screw housing only has to be dimensioned with respect to its mechanical stability, that it keeps the sealing gap between the screw rotors and the compressor screw housing substantially constant when pressurized from outside, and not, as in the known solutions, so dimensioned must be that it is deformation resistant to a pressure difference between the self-adjusting internal pressure and the ambient pressure.
  • the interspace per se causes a thermal decoupling between the outer housing and the Ver Whyrschraubenggephaseuse.
  • it is particularly favorable, in particular to reduce a thermal distortion between the inlet section and the outlet section or even to avoid, which is due to the fact that the inlet portion is at the temperature of the incoming working medium, while the outlet portion is heated by the exiting and heated by the compression of the working medium when the compressor screw housing is temperature controlled.
  • Such a temperature control is preferably achievable in that the compressor screw housing can be tempered by a temperature control medium provided in the intermediate space.
  • tempering medium any suitable medium as tempering medium.
  • the solution according to the invention is particularly simple when the temperature control medium comprises the working medium.
  • the tempering comprises oil from a lubricating oil circuit of the screw compressor, since this oil from the lubricating oil circuit is also heated to a higher temperature, preferably at a temperature close to the temperature of the compressed working medium.
  • Such a temperature control of the compressor screw housing by a temperature control medium provided in the intermediate space can be effected either by a stationary temperature control medium arranged in the intermediate space or by the fact that the temperature control medium flows through the intermediate space.
  • this can be realized by using as a tempering medium serving working medium, the compressed working fluid flows into the intermediate space and thereby leads to a heating of the compressor screw housing.
  • An alternative solution provides that serving as a temperature control oil in the space forms an oil bath, which thus can also serve to temper the compressor screw housing and to keep at a substantially constant temperature as possible.
  • the compressor screw housing as a detachable part that can be inserted into the outer housing.
  • a particularly favorable solution provides that a portion of the outer housing and the compressor screw housing form an integral part, so that a particularly simple fixation of the compressor screw housing is present relative to the outer housing and also a particularly precise, immovable arrangement thereof relative to each other.
  • the compressor screw housing is machined by clamping on the outer housing, so that the clamping of the outer housing does not affect the shape of the compressor screw housing during processing and thus the clamping of the outer housing also has no adverse effects on the processing of the compressor screw housing.
  • a further advantageous solution provides that the compressor screw housing is arranged following a first bearing housing for pivot bearing of the screw rotor, wherein preferably the bearing housing is also integrally connected to the outer housing and to the compressor screw housing.
  • the first bearing housing is used for mounting the screw rotor at an inlet end thereof.
  • the second bearing housing is detachably connected to the compressor screw housing.
  • the compressor screw casing extends to an outlet side flange which is approximately in the axial direction in the area of a connecting flange of the compressor screw casing supporting portion of the outer casing from the side of the connecting flange also the inside of the corresponding section of the outer housing is accessible for machining and in particular also the outlet-side flange of the compressor screw housing, wherein the outlet side flange of the compressor screw housing serves to connect to the second bearing housing.
  • the compressor screw housing has heretofore only been defined as having two rotor bores for the screw rotors of the screw compressor.
  • a particularly preferred variant provides a controllable screw compressor, so that the compressor screw housing additionally has a receptacle for a control slide to control the performance of the screw compressor.
  • a concept representing a separate invention provides that an oil separator path for separating oil from the working medium exiting from the compressor screw housing on the pressure side is provided inside the outer housing of the screw compressor.
  • the ⁇ labscheiderrange is designed so that it from an inlet port of the outer housing opposite end of the outer housing extends to a lying in the region of the compressor screw housing outlet port for the working fluid, so that the ⁇ labscheiderrange has the largest possible extent.
  • a demister for forming oil droplets of oil mist in the working medium is arranged in the oil separation path.
  • the ⁇ labscheiderrange could be defined within the outer housing by special housing elements.
  • a particularly favorable solution provides, however, that the outer housing performs the working fluid during the flow through the ⁇ labscheiderrange and thus simultaneously creates the opportunity to obtain the longest possible ⁇ labscheiderrange with the largest possible cross-section, namely the maximum within the outer housing possible cross-section, which leads to it in that the flow velocity of the compressed working medium can become very slow and thus optimal separation of the oil droplets via the oil separation path is possible.
  • the working fluid flows around the second bearing housing in the course of the oil separation path and thus already tempered this.
  • a special favorable solution that ensures the longest possible ⁇ labscheiderrange, it provides that the working fluid flows around the compression section of the compressor screw, that is thus also flows into the intermediate space and thus on the one hand causes a temperature of the compressor screw housing and on the other hand given the opportunity, the ⁇ labscheiderumble as large as possible and to train as long as possible.
  • An embodiment of a screw compressor according to the invention shown in Fig. 1, comprises a generally designated 10 outer housing, which consists of a central portion 12, a motor-side end portion 14 and on the motor side end portion 14 opposite side of the central portion 12 side disposed pressure-side end portion 16th is constructed.
  • the central portion 12 and the motor-side end portion by two flanges 18 and 20 are interconnected and the central portion 12 with the pressure-side end portion 16 by flanges 22 and 24th
  • a designated as a whole by 30 drive motor is provided, which is formed for example as an electric motor and a stator 32 and a rotor 34 includes.
  • the stator 32 is preferably fixedly fixed in the outer housing 10, in particular a motor region 36 of the middle section 12 facing the motor-side end section.
  • a compressor screw housing indicated as a whole by 40 is provided, which, as shown in Fig. 2, two rotor bores 42 and 44, which merge into one another, and a slide bore 46, for example, a drawing in Fig. 1 unrecognizable control slide.
  • the rotor bores 42 and 44 serve to receive two screw rotors conventional screw rotors 48 and 50, the screw rotors 48 and 50 are indicated in Fig. 2 only by dashed lines.
  • the two screw rotors 48 and 50 rotate about their respective axes of rotation 52 and 54 and are rotatably mounted on either side of their respective screw body 56 about their axes of rotation 52 and 54, respectively.
  • a bearing housing 60 adjoins the compressor screw housing on a side facing the drive motor 30, which first bearing receptacles 62 for first pivot bearing 64 of the two screw rotors 48, 50, wherein the screw rotors 48, 50 of the screw bodies 56 outgoing shaft portions 66 have on which the pivot bearing 64 sit.
  • One of these shaft sections 66 is arranged coaxially with a drive shaft 38 of the drive motor 30 and connected thereto.
  • screw rotors 48, 50 on its side opposite the bearing housing 60 side in a second bearing housing 70 with second bearing receptacles 72 also by means second rotary bearing 74 rotatably mounted, for which purpose the screw rotor also have protruding from the screw bodies 56 shaft portions 76.
  • the compressor screw housing 40 extends between the first bearing housing 60 and the second bearing housing 70 over the entire length of the screw body 56 in the direction of the rotor axes 52 and 54 and surrounds the screw rotor 48 and 50 in the region of their screw body 56 so that a sealing gap S remains between the screw body 56 and the rotor bores 42 and 44, which is formed as small as possible for sealing.
  • an inflow of the working medium to be compressed takes place through an inlet connection 92, which is provided in the motor-side end portion of the outer housing 10. That in the engine-side Working medium which has flowed in at the end section 14 of the outer housing then flows through the drive motor 38 and flows to the inlet 86 of the compressor screw housing 40, for which purpose the working medium passes through the drive motor parallel to the direction of the rotational axes 52 and 54 and on the one hand from the motor-side end section 14 of the outer housing and from the motor region 36 of the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is guided.
  • the outer housing 10 and the working fluid to be compressed after it has passed through the drive motor 38 led to the inlet 86 of the compressor screw housing 40.
  • the working fluid After entering the compressor screw housing 40, the working fluid undergoes compression by means of the screw rotors 48 and 50, so that the compressed working fluid exits at the outlet 90 of the compressor screw housing, thereby entering a guide channel 94, which the compressed working fluid in a region near an end cap 96 of the pressure-side end portion 16 leads.
  • the guide channel 94 is formed on the one hand by a arranged in continuation of the outlet section 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 receiving chamber 98, which is enclosed by a molded on the second bearing housing 70 chamber housing 100, and a subsequent to the receiving chamber 98 guide tube 102, which the compressed working fluid in a arranged in the pressure-side end portion 16 near the lid 96 and the pressure-side end portion 16, in particular the lid 96 enclosed distribution space 104 leads.
  • this distribution room has the condensed Working medium the ability to spread over a flow cross-section, which is approximately of the order of an inner cross-section of the pressure-side end portion 16.
  • the compressed working medium can flow through a distance from the cover 96 and the entire cross section of the pressure-side end portion 16 of the outer housing 10 cross-demister 106, which adjoins the distribution chamber 104 on the opposite side of the lid 96.
  • the demister 106 has the task, in the compressed working medium entrained oil mist to combine drops and thus contribute to the separation of oil from the compressed working fluid.
  • oil droplets are formed which either already settle in the direction of gravity in the demister 106 and contribute to the formation of an oil sump 108 in a bottom-side region 110 of the pressure-side end section 16 and a bottom-side region 112 of the central section 12.
  • the compressed working medium flows from the demister 106 further in the direction of the second bearing housing 70 and the compressor screw housing 40 through an interior 107 of the end portion 16 with further separation of oil droplets in the oil sump 108 with a lying also in the order of the inner cross section of the end portion 16 flow cross-section, which relative to the guide tube 102 also causes a reduction in the flow rate of the working medium and thus an improved oil separation.
  • the compressor screw housing 40 as shown in Fig. 2, extends with its walls 80 in the azimuthal direction 120 to the axes of rotation 52 and 54 at a distance from walls 122 of the central portion 12 of the outer housing in the region of the compressor screw housing 40, forms between the compressor screw housing 40th and the central portion 12 of the outer housing 40 a gap 124 enclosing the compressor screw housing 40 substantially in the azimuthal direction 120, which extends substantially around the outlet portion 88 and the compression portion 82 from the second bearing housing 70 and also reaches the inlet portion 84.
  • the gap 124 extends over at least a quarter of the circumference of the compressor screw housing 40 in the azimuthal direction and is interrupted in the azimuthal direction 120 only by a narrow wall portion 126, in which the wall 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 in the wall 122 of the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10th passes.
  • an outlet port 130 is arranged in the region of the intermediate space 124, preferably at the level of a transition from the inlet section 84 to the compression section 82 of the compressor screw housing 40, which is opposite the bottom area 112 of the central portion 12, so that the compressed working fluid from the gap 124 through the outlet port 130th can flow out, wherein the outlet port 130 is preferably assigned to a non-illustrated in Fig. 1 check valve.
  • the compressed working medium starting from the distribution space 104, thus flows around the first, as already described Demister 106 and then flows in the direction parallel to the axes of rotation 52, 54 first through the interior 107 of the pressure-side end portion 16 and then into the gap 124 between the central portion 12 and the compressor screw housing 40 and then out through the outlet port 130 from the outer housing 10.
  • the near the bottom-side portions 110 and 112 of the pressure-side end portion 16 and the middle portion 12 forming oil sump 108 also extends into the space 124 and the bottom thereof forms an oil bath, with a suction tube 132, the mouth 134 in the region of lowest point of the gap 124, preferably on a side facing the drive motor 30 thereof, an oil extraction for lubrication of the screw rotor 48, 50 and the pivot bearing 64, 74 takes place.
  • the compressor screw housing 40 in particular with the walls 80 of the compression section 82 through this substantially surrounding gap 124 is acted upon by its screw bodies 56 opposite outside with standing at final pressure working medium, the final pressure corresponds to the maximum pressure within the compressor screw housing 40 in Area of the screw body 56 may occur, thereby characterized a pressure-dependent variation of the sealing gap S, in all the Screw compressors in which the compressor screw housing on its outer side under ambient pressure, that is not under a pressure corresponding to the final pressure of the working medium, occurs by widening the walls 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 is avoided.
  • the flow around the compressor screw housing 40 through the entering into the space 124 working medium serves to heat the walls 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 to a temperature corresponding to the temperature of the pressure side emerging from the outlet 90 working medium, thereby thermal distortion of the compressor screw housing 40 due to the temperature difference between the working medium entering the inlet 86 and the outlet 90 working fluid is avoided, since the inflowing into the gap 124 working fluid for uniform heating and thus uniform temperature of the compressor screw housing from the outlet section 80 via the compression section 82 to the inlet section 84th leads.
  • the oil sump 108 reaches a level that is so high that contact occurs between the compressor screw housing 40 and the oil sump, then the oil sump also serves to control the temperature of the compressor screw housing, since the entire oil separated from the compressed working medium likewise has the temperature of the pressure side has from the outlet 90 emerging working medium.
  • the solution according to the invention provides the possibility of a structurally long ⁇ labscheiderumble for Deposition of the oil from the compressed working medium to make available, extending from the lid 96 of the pressure-side end portion 60 through the distribution chamber 104, the demister 106 and then flowed around by the working medium interior 107 of the pressure-side end portion 16 in the region of the second bearing housing 70 to Interspace 124 extends and thus ensures good oil separation.
  • the possibility of the oil in the oil sump 108 between the demister 106 and the mouth 134 is provided by the extraction of oil through the mouth 134 of the intake pipe 132 in the region of the gap 124, preferably in a region facing the drive motor 30 range Way to provide in which the oil has the ability to degas, that is, that the working fluid still dissolved in the oil can escape from the oil, so that at the mouth 134 sufficiently degassed oil for suction for the oil supply Available.
  • the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is formed so that its flange 22, which is a connecting flange for the connection of the pressure-side end portion 16 with its flange 24, in a plane 140, which also approximately coincides with an end flange 142 of the compressor screw housing at which the second bearing housing 70 can be flanged to the chamber housing 100.
  • the compressor screw housing 40 is formed as a part integrally producible with the center section 12, with a connection between the compressor screw housing 40 and the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is provided on the one hand by the wall portion 126 and on the other hand created by the integrally formed on the compressor screw housing 40 and also integrally formed on the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 bearing housing 60.
  • An additional connection between the compressor screw housing 40 and the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is further provided by a wall portion 144 of the inlet portion 84, which is guided in the region of the inlet 86 to the integrally formed on the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 outlet port 130.
  • the first bearing housing 60 is supported by a partition wall 146 which separates the space 124 from the motor portion 36 of the central portion 12 and thus the motor portion 36 of the central portion 12 flowing through and serving to cool the drive rotor 30 working medium to the inlet 86 of the inlet portion 84 of Compressor screw housing 40 leads.
  • the central portion 12 forms with the compressor screw housing 40 of the wall 144 and the partition 146 is an integral part which is designed so that it on the one hand, the incoming, the drive motor 30 flowing through the working medium necessarily leads to the inlet 86 of the inlet section 84 and on the other hand from the pressure side End section 16 back flowing compressed working fluid first enters the gap 124, but then leads from the gap 124 to the outlet port 130 and thus simultaneously the on the inlet side inflowing working fluid separates from the pressure side effluent working fluid.
  • a control slide 150 is still shown in the section shown in Fig. 3, which is arranged in the slide bore 46. Further, a control cylinder 152 required for controlling the control slide 150 can be seen, which is arranged in a control cylinder housing 154 which is fixedly connected to the second bearing housing 70.
  • the control of the control cylinder 152 is carried out in the previously known form with oil pressure or gas pressure, whereby a shift of the control slide 150 is parallel to the axes of rotation 52, 54 to control the performance of the compressor in a known manner.
  • the inlet portion 84 of the compressor screw housing is formed enlarged, in particular in which the wall 144 extends obliquely from the outlet port 130 to the compression portion 82 in the direction of the axes of rotation 52, 54, so that a significant part of the screw body 56 on its side facing the inlet portion 84 side for sucking working fluid through the inlet 86 is used.
  • the gap 124 is still penetrated by additional stiffening webs 160 and 162, which contribute to a rigid fixation of the compressor screw housing 40 within the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10.
  • the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, so that the same elements bear the same reference numerals and reference is made to the description of the same to the first embodiment.
  • the second embodiment works in the same way as the first embodiment, so that in this respect the function and the advantages of the contents of the comments on the first embodiment reference is made.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schraubenverdichter zum Verdichten eines Arbeitsmediums, umfassend ein Außengehäuse, zwei Schraubenläufer, welche im Außengehäuse in für diese vorgesehenen Läuferbohrungen angeordnet sind, und einen Antrieb für die Schraubenläufer, ein innerhalb des Außengehäuses vorgesehenes Verdichterschraubengehäuse, in welchem die Läuferbohrungen für die Schraubenläufer angeordnet sind einen Einlaßabschnitt, einen Verdichtungsabschnitt und einen Auslaßabschnitt aufweist, und einen zwischen einem wesentlichen Teil des Verdichterschraubengehäuses und dem Außengehäuse angeordneter Zwischenraum.The invention relates to a screw compressor for compressing a working medium, comprising an outer housing, two screw rotors, which are arranged in the outer housing in these provided rotor bores, and a drive for the screw rotor, provided within the outer housing compressor screw housing, in which the rotor bores arranged for the screw rotor are an inlet portion, a compression portion and an outlet portion, and arranged between a substantial part of the compressor screw housing and the outer housing space.

Derartige Schraubenverdichter sind aus PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 087 (M-372), 17. April 1985 (1985-04-17) -& JP 59 215986 A (EBARA SEISAKUSHO KK), 5. Dezember 1984 (1984-12-05) bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Lösung ist der Einlaßabschnitt stirnseitig der Verdichterschrauben angeordnet.Such screw compressors are from PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 087 (M-372), April 17, 1985 (1985-04-17) - & JP 59 215986 A (EBARA SEISAKUSHO KK), December 5, 1984 (1984-12-05). In this known solution, the inlet section is arranged frontally of the compressor screws.

Ein weiterer Schraubenverdichter ist aus PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 179 (M-399), 24. Juli 1985 (1985-07-24) -& JP 60 047893 A (ISHIKAWAJIMA HARIMA JUKOGYO KK), 15. März 1985 (1985-03-15) bekannt.Another screw compressor is from PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 179 (M-399), 24 July 1985 (1985-07-24) - & JP 60 047893 A (ISHIKAWAJIMA HARIMA JUKOGYO KK), 15 March 1985 (1985-03-15).

Bei derartigen Schraubenverdichtern ist der sich zwischen den Schraubenläufern und den Läuferbohrungen bildende Dichtspalt eine kritische Größe, da dieser für die Leckage verantwortlich ist. Üblicherweise variiert der Dichtspalt aufgrund thermischer oder sonstiger Einflüsse.In such screw compressors, the sealing gap formed between the screw rotors and the rotor bores is a critical factor, since this is responsible for the leakage. Usually, the sealing gap varies due to thermal or other influences.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schraubenverdichter der gattungsgemäßen Art derart zu verbessern, daß der Dichtspalt möglichst geringen Variationen unterliegt.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to improve a screw compressor of the generic type such that the sealing gap is subject to the least possible variations.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Schraubenverdichter der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Zwischenraum sich von einem auslaßseitigen Ende des Verdichterschraubengehäuses in Richtung eines einlaßseitigen Endes desselben über den Verdichtungsabschnitt bis zum Einlaßabschnitt erstreckt und zwischen diesen und dem Außengehäuse liegt.This object is achieved according to the invention in a screw compressor of the type described above, that the gap extends from an outlet end of the compressor screw housing in the direction of an inlet end of the same over the compression section to the inlet section and between these and the outer housing.

Das Vorsehen eines Zwischenraums dient dabei dazu, das Verdichterschraubengehäuse und das Außengehäuse thermisch und im Hinblick auf Vibrationen möglichst wenig zu koppeln oder sogar zu entkoppeln. Somit sind die Auswirkungen externer, auf das Außengehäuse des Schraubenverdichters wirkender thermischer Einflüsse auf das Verdichterschraubengehäuse reduziert und das Verdichterschraubengehäuse selbst hat die Möglichkeit, einen thermischen Gleichgewichtszustand einzunehmen und in diesem, zumindest nur mit Langzeitvariationen zu verbleiben. Außerdem werden Vibrationen des Verdichterschraubengehäuses in geringerem Umfang auf das Außengehäuse übertragen.The provision of a gap serves to couple the compressor screw housing and the outer housing thermally and with regard to vibration as little as possible or even to decouple. Thus, the effects of external thermal effects on the compressor housing, which acts on the outer housing of the screw compressor, are reduced and the compressor housing itself has the possibility of assuming a state of thermal equilibrium and of remaining in it at least only with long-term variations. In addition, vibrations of the compressor screw housing are transmitted to a lesser extent to the outer housing.

Dadurch, daß sich der Zwischenraum von einem auslaßseitigen Ende des Verdichterschraubengehäuses in Richtung eines einlaßseitigen Endes desselben über den Verdichtungsabschnitt bis zum Einlaßabschnitt erstreckt, trägt der Zwischenraum auch bereits im Bereich des Einlaßabschnittes zu einer Entkopplung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses und des Außengehäuses bei.Characterized in that the gap extends from an outlet end of the compressor screw housing in the direction of an inlet-side end of the same over the compression section to the inlet portion, the gap also contributes already in the region of the inlet portion to a decoupling of the compressor screw housing and the outer casing.

Hinsichtlich der Ausdehnung des Zwischenraums in Azimutalrichtung zu den Läuferbohrungen ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Zwischenraum sich über mindestens die Hälfte des Umfangs des Verdichtungsabschnitts in Azimutalrichtung erstreckt.With respect to the expansion of the gap in the azimuthal direction to the rotor bores, it is particularly advantageous if the gap extends over at least half of the circumference of the compression section in the azimuthal direction.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn sich der Zwischenraum über mindestens ungefähr drei Viertel des Umfangs des Verdichtungsabschnitts erstreckt, um somit einen möglichst großen Teil des Verdichtungsabschnitts thermisch und schwingungstechnisch von dem Außengehäuse abzukoppeln.It is particularly favorable if the intermediate space extends over at least approximately three quarters of the circumference of the compression section in order to decouple as much of the compression section as possible from the outer housing in terms of thermal and vibration technology.

Hinsichtlich der Erstreckung des Zwischenraums im Bereich des Einlaßabschnitts des Verdichterschraubengehäuses wurden bislang keine näheren Angaben gemacht. So ist es besonders günstig, wenn der Zwischenraum sich in Azimutalrichtung zu den Läuferbohrungen über mindestens die Hälfte des Einlaßabschnitts erstreckt. Noch besser ist es, wenn der Zwischenraum sich über drei Viertel des Umfangs des Einlaßabschnitts in Azimutalrichtung erstreckt.With regard to the extension of the gap in the region of the inlet portion of the compressor screw housing, no details have been given so far. Thus, it is particularly advantageous if the gap extends in the azimuthal direction to the rotor bores over at least half of the inlet portion. It is even better if the gap extends over three quarters of the circumference of the inlet section in the azimuthal direction.

Ferner wurden im Zusammenhang mit der bisherigen Erläuterung der einzelnen Ausführungsbeispiele keine näheren Angaben zur Erstreckung des Zwischenraums im Bereich des Auslaßabschnitts gemacht. Da der Auslaßabschnitt ohnehin aufgrund des austretenden Arbeitsmediums auf der Temperatur desselben ist, ist es prinzipiell nicht zwingend notwendig, daß sich der Zwischenraum auch im Bereich des Auslaßabschnitts erstreckt.Furthermore, in connection with the previous explanation of the individual embodiments, no further details have been made regarding the extension of the intermediate space in the region of the outlet section. Since the outlet portion is anyway the same due to the exiting working medium at the temperature, it is in principle not absolutely necessary that the intermediate space also extends in the region of the outlet section.

Es ist jedoch ebenfalls vorteilhaft, wenn der Zwischenraum sich in Umfangsrichtung auch über den Auslaßabschnitt erstreckt, um auch bei diesem eine noch gleichmäßigere Temperierung zu erreichen.However, it is also advantageous if the intermediate space also extends in the circumferential direction over the outlet section, in order to achieve an even more uniform temperature control in this case.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es ebenfalls, wenn der Zwischenraum sich über mindestens die Hälfte des Umfangs des Auslaßabschnitts in Azimutalrichtung, noch besser über ungefähr drei Viertel des Umfangs des Auslaßabschnitts in Azimutalrichtung erstreckt.It is also particularly advantageous if the gap extends over at least half of the circumference of the outlet section in the azimuthal direction, more preferably over approximately three quarters of the circumference of the outlet section in the azimuthal direction.

Hinsichtlich der Erstreckung des Zwischenraums in axialer Richtung der Schraubenläufer wurden ebenfalls im Zusammenhang mit der bisherigen Erläuterung der einzelnen Ausführungsbeispiele keine näheren Angaben gemacht. So sieht ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel vor, daß der Zwischenraum sich im Mittel über mindestens der Hälfte einer sich in axialer Richtung der Schraubenläufer verlaufenden Länge des Verdichterschraubengehäuses erstreckt.With regard to the extension of the gap in the axial direction of the screw rotor were also related made no further details with the previous explanation of the individual embodiments. Thus, an advantageous embodiment provides that the intermediate space extends on average over at least half of a running in the axial direction of the screw rotor length of the compressor screw housing.

Im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wurde bislang lediglich darauf abgestellt, daß der Zwischenraum dazu dient, eine thermische und schwingungstechnische Entkopplung zwischen dem Außengehäuse und dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse zu erreichen.In connection with the solution according to the invention has hitherto been based only on the fact that the gap serves to achieve a thermal and vibration engineering decoupling between the outer housing and the compressor screw housing.

Eine besonders günstige Ausnützung der Tatsache, daß ein derartiger Zwischenraum vorhanden ist, ist jedoch dann gegeben, wenn der Zwischenraum druckbeaufschlagt ist, so daß das Verdichterschraubengehäuse nicht nur durch den intern im Bereich der Schraubenläufer bei der Verdichtung des Arbeitsmediums entstehenden Druck beaufschlagt ist, sondern andererseits diesem Druck ein von außen auf das Verdichterschraubengehäuse wirkender Druck entgegenwirkt. Besonders zweckmäßig ist es dabei, wenn der Zwischenraum unter einem Druck steht, welcher ungefähr dem Enddruck des Schraubenverdichters entspricht, da in diesem Fall das Verdichterschraubengehäuse von außen bereits mit einem Druck beaufschlagt ist, der stets dem maximalen Druck im Innern desselben beim Verdichten des Arbeitsmediums entspricht, so daß letztlich das Verdichterschraubengehäuse keiner einseitigen Druckbeaufschlagung unterliegt, sondern im Mittel eher mit einem Druck beaufschlagt ist, der größer ist, als der im Innern desselben entstehende Druck.A particularly favorable utilization of the fact that such a gap is present, however, is given when the gap is pressurized, so that the compressor screw housing not only by the internal in the area the screw rotor is acted upon in the compression of the working fluid pressure, but on the other hand counteracts this pressure acting from the outside on the compressor screw housing pressure. It is particularly expedient in this case if the intermediate space is under a pressure which approximately corresponds to the final pressure of the screw compressor, since in this case the compressor screw housing is already pressurized from the outside with a pressure which always corresponds to the maximum pressure in the interior thereof during the compression of the working medium , so that ultimately the compressor screw housing is not subject to unilateral pressurization, but on the average is rather acted upon by a pressure which is greater than the pressure generated in the interior of the same.

Diese Lösung hat den besonderen Vorteil, daß das Verdichterschraubengehäuse hinsichtlich seiner mechanischen Stabilität nur so dimensioniert sein muß, daß es bei Druckbeaufschlagung von außen den Dichtspalt zwischen den Schraubenläufern und dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse im wesentlichen konstant hält, und nicht, wie bei den bekannten Lösungen, so dimensioniert sein muß, daß es verformungssteif gegenüber einer Druckdifferenz zwischen dem sich einstellenden Innendruck und dem Umgebungsdruck ist.This solution has the particular advantage that the compressor screw housing only has to be dimensioned with respect to its mechanical stability, that it keeps the sealing gap between the screw rotors and the compressor screw housing substantially constant when pressurized from outside, and not, as in the known solutions, so dimensioned must be that it is deformation resistant to a pressure difference between the self-adjusting internal pressure and the ambient pressure.

Hinsichtlich der Wirkung des Zwischenraums wurde bislang lediglich darauf abgestellt, daß der Zwischenraum per se eine thermische Entkopplung zwischen dem Außengehäuse und dem Verdichterschraubenggehäuse bewirkt. Besonders günstig ist es jedoch, insbesondere um einen thermischen Verzug zwischen dem Einlaßabschnitt und dem Auslaßabschnitt zu reduzieren oder gar zu vermeiden, der dadurch bedingt ist, daß der Einlaßabschnitt auf der Temperatur des eintretenden Arbeitsmediums ist, während der Auslaßabschnitt durch das austretende und durch das Verdichten erhitzte Arbeitsmedium erwärmt wird, wenn das Verdichterschraubengehäuse temperierbar ist.With regard to the effect of the gap, it has so far only been considered that the interspace per se causes a thermal decoupling between the outer housing and the Verdichterschraubenggehäuse. However, it is particularly favorable, in particular to reduce a thermal distortion between the inlet section and the outlet section or even to avoid, which is due to the fact that the inlet portion is at the temperature of the incoming working medium, while the outlet portion is heated by the exiting and heated by the compression of the working medium when the compressor screw housing is temperature controlled.

Eine derartige Temperierung ist vorzugsweise dadurch erreichbar, daß das Verdichterschraubengehäuse durch ein in dem Zwischenraum vorgesehenes Temperiermedium temperierbar ist.Such a temperature control is preferably achievable in that the compressor screw housing can be tempered by a temperature control medium provided in the intermediate space.

Prinzipiell wäre es dabei denkbar, als Temperiermedium jedes geeignete Medium vorzusehen. Beispielsweise wäre es denkbar, hierzu ein spezielles Temperiermedium in den Zwischenraum einzubringen. Besonders einfach ist jedoch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dann, wenn das Temperiermedium das Arbeitsmedium umfaßt.In principle, it would be conceivable to provide any suitable medium as tempering medium. For example, it would be conceivable to introduce a special temperature control medium into the intermediate space for this purpose. However, the solution according to the invention is particularly simple when the temperature control medium comprises the working medium.

Eine ergänzende oder alternative Lösung sieht vor, daß das Temperiermedium Öl aus einem Schmierölkreislauf des Schraubenverdichters umfaßt, da dieses Öl aus dem Schmierölkreislauf ebenfalls auf eine höhere Temperatur, vorzugsweise auf einer Temperatur nahe der Temperatur des verdichteten Arbeitsmediums, aufgeheizt ist.A supplementary or alternative solution provides that the tempering comprises oil from a lubricating oil circuit of the screw compressor, since this oil from the lubricating oil circuit is also heated to a higher temperature, preferably at a temperature close to the temperature of the compressed working medium.

Eine derartige Temperierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses durch ein in dem Zwischenraum vorgesehenes Temperiermedium kann entweder durch ein stehendes, im Zwischenraum angeordnetes Temperiermedium erfolgen oder dadurch, daß das Temperiermedium durch den Zwischenraum strömt. Beispielsweise ist dies dadurch realisierbar, daß bei als Temperiermedium dienendem Arbeitsmedium das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium in den Zwischenraum einströmt und dadurch zu einer Erwärmung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses führt.Such a temperature control of the compressor screw housing by a temperature control medium provided in the intermediate space can be effected either by a stationary temperature control medium arranged in the intermediate space or by the fact that the temperature control medium flows through the intermediate space. For example, this can be realized by using as a tempering medium serving working medium, the compressed working fluid flows into the intermediate space and thereby leads to a heating of the compressor screw housing.

Eine alternative Lösung sieht vor, daß das als Temperiermedium dienende Öl in dem Zwischenraum ein Ölbad bildet, welches somit ebenfalls dazu dienen kann, das Verdichterschraubengehäuse zu temperieren und auf einer möglichst im wesentlichen konstanten Temperatur zu halten.An alternative solution provides that serving as a temperature control oil in the space forms an oil bath, which thus can also serve to temper the compressor screw housing and to keep at a substantially constant temperature as possible.

Prinzipiell wäre es denkbar, das Verdichterschraubengehäuse als lösbar in das Außengehäuse einsetzbares Teil auszubilden. Eine besonders günstige Lösung sieht jedoch vor, daß ein Abschnitt des Außengehäuses und des Verdichterschraubengehäuse ein einstückiges Teil bilden, so daß eine besonders einfache Fixierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses relativ zum Außengehäuse vorliegt und außerdem auch eine besonders präzise, unverrückbare Anordnung derselben relativ zueinander.In principle, it would be conceivable to design the compressor screw housing as a detachable part that can be inserted into the outer housing. A particularly favorable solution, however, provides that a portion of the outer housing and the compressor screw housing form an integral part, so that a particularly simple fixation of the compressor screw housing is present relative to the outer housing and also a particularly precise, immovable arrangement thereof relative to each other.

Besonders günstig ist es dabei, daß das Verdichterschraubengehäuse durch Aufspannung am Außengehäuse bearbeitbar ist, so daß auch die Aufspannung des Außengehäuses sich nicht auf die Form des Verdichterschraubengehäuses beim Bearbeiten auswirkt und somit das Aufspannen des Außengehäuses auch keine nachteiligen Auswirkungen auf die Bearbeitung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses hat.It is particularly advantageous that the compressor screw housing is machined by clamping on the outer housing, so that the clamping of the outer housing does not affect the shape of the compressor screw housing during processing and thus the clamping of the outer housing also has no adverse effects on the processing of the compressor screw housing.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Lösung sieht vor, daß das Verdichterschraubengehäuse im Anschluß an ein erstes Lagergehäuse für Drehlager der Schraubenläufer angeordnet ist, wobei vorzugsweise das Lagergehäuse,ebenfalls einstückig mit dem Außengehäuse und mit dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse verbunden ist.A further advantageous solution provides that the compressor screw housing is arranged following a first bearing housing for pivot bearing of the screw rotor, wherein preferably the bearing housing is also integrally connected to the outer housing and to the compressor screw housing.

Insbesondere ist es günstig, wenn das erste Lagergehäuse zur Lagerung der Schraubenläufer an einem einlaßseitigen Ende derselben dient.In particular, it is advantageous if the first bearing housing is used for mounting the screw rotor at an inlet end thereof.

Darüber hinaus ist bei einem vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung vorgesehen, daß sich an das Verdichterschraubengehäuse ein dem ersten Lagergehäuse gegenüberliegend angeordnetes zweites Lagergehäuse anschließt, welches zur Lagerung der Schraubenläufer an einem auslaßseitigen Ende derselben dient.In addition, in an advantageous embodiment of the inventive solution is provided that adjoins the compressor screw housing a first bearing housing opposite arranged second bearing housing, which serves for the storage of the screw rotor at an outlet end of the same.

Um in einfacher Weise eine Bearbeitung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses vorzusehen, ist es günstig, wenn das zweite Lagergehäuse lösbar mit dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse verbunden ist.In order to provide a simple way of processing the compressor screw housing, it is advantageous if the second bearing housing is detachably connected to the compressor screw housing.

Hinsichtlich der Zusammenbaubarkeit und der Herstellbarkeit des fest mit einem Abschnitt des Außengehäuses verbundenen Verdichterschraubengehäuses ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß sich das Verdichterschraubengehäuse bis zu einem auslaßseitigen Flansch erstreckt, welcher ungefähr in axialer Richtung im Bereich eines Verbindungsflansches des das Verdichterschraubengehäuse tragenden Abschnitts des Außengehäuses liegt, so daß von seiten des Verbindungsflansches her auch das Innere des entsprechenden Abschnitts des Außengehäuses zur Bearbeitung zugänglich ist und insbesondere auch der auslaßseitige Flansch des Verdichterschraubengehäuses, wobei der auslaßseitige Flansch des Verdichterschraubengehäuses dazu dient, eine Verbindung mit dem zweiten Lagergehäuse zu schaffen.With regard to the assemblability and manufacturability of the compressor screw housing fixedly connected to a portion of the outer casing, it is preferably provided that the compressor screw casing extends to an outlet side flange which is approximately in the axial direction in the area of a connecting flange of the compressor screw casing supporting portion of the outer casing from the side of the connecting flange also the inside of the corresponding section of the outer housing is accessible for machining and in particular also the outlet-side flange of the compressor screw housing, wherein the outlet side flange of the compressor screw housing serves to connect to the second bearing housing.

Das Verdichterschraubengehäuse wurde bislang lediglich dahingehend definiert, daß es zwei Läuferbohrungen für die Schraubenläufer des Schraubenverdichters aufweist. Eine besonders bevorzugte Variante sieht einen regelbaren Schraubenverdichter vor, so daß das Verdichterschraubengehäuse noch zusätzlich eine Aufnahme für einen Regelschieber zur Regelung der Leistung des Schraubenverdichters aufweist.The compressor screw housing has heretofore only been defined as having two rotor bores for the screw rotors of the screw compressor. A particularly preferred variant provides a controllable screw compressor, so that the compressor screw housing additionally has a receptacle for a control slide to control the performance of the screw compressor.

Im Zusammenhang mit der bisherigen Erläuterung der Erfindung wurde lediglich darauf abgestellt, welche Wirkung der Zwischenraum im Sinne einer thermischen Entkopplung und gegebenenfalls noch einer Temperierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses aufweist.In connection with the previous explanation of the invention was only focused on what effect the gap in the sense of a thermal decoupling and optionally still has a tempering of the compressor screw housing.

Alternativ dazu oder ergänzend dazu sieht ein eine eigene Erfindung darstellendes Konzept vor, daß innerhalb des Außengehäuses des Schraubenverdichters eine Ölabscheiderstrecke zum Abscheiden von Öl aus dem druckseitig aus dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse austretenden Arbeitsmedium vorgesehen ist.Alternatively or in addition thereto, a concept representing a separate invention provides that an oil separator path for separating oil from the working medium exiting from the compressor screw housing on the pressure side is provided inside the outer housing of the screw compressor.

Der Vorteil einer derartigen möglichst großen Ölabscheiderstrecke schafft die Möglichkeit, eine optimale Abscheidung von Öl aus dem verdichteten Arbeitsmedium zu erreichen. Vorzugsweise ist dabei die Ölabscheiderstrecke so ausgebildet, daß sie von einem einem Einlaßanschluß des Außengehäuses gegenüberliegenden Ende des Außengehäuses bis zu einem im Bereich des Verdichterschraubengehäuses liegenden Auslaßanschluß für das Arbeitsmedium reicht, so daß die Ölabscheiderstrecke eine möglichst große Ausdehnung aufweist.The advantage of such an oil separator line as large as possible creates the possibility of achieving optimum separation of oil from the compressed working medium. Preferably, the Ölabscheiderstrecke is designed so that it from an inlet port of the outer housing opposite end of the outer housing extends to a lying in the region of the compressor screw housing outlet port for the working fluid, so that the Ölabscheiderstrecke has the largest possible extent.

Um eine optimale Ölabscheidung zu erreichen, ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß in der Ölabscheiderstrecke ein Demister zum Bilden von Öltröpfchen aus Ölnebel im Arbeitsmedium angeordnet ist.In order to achieve optimum oil separation, it is preferably provided that a demister for forming oil droplets of oil mist in the working medium is arranged in the oil separation path.

Um in geeigneter Weise ein Ölabtrennung und ein Sammeln des Öls zu erreichen, ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß sich im Verlauf der Ölabscheiderstrecke ein Ölsumpf bildet.In order to suitably achieve an oil separation and a collection of the oil, it is preferably provided that forms an oil sump in the course of Ölabscheiderstrecke.

Die Ölabscheiderstrecke könnte dabei innerhalb des Außengehäuses durch besondere Gehäuseelemente definiert sein. Eine besonders günstige Lösung sieht jedoch vor, daß das Außengehäuse das Arbeitsmedium während des Durchströmens der Ölabscheiderstrecke führt und somit gleichzeitig die Möglichkeit schafft, eine möglichst lange Ölabscheiderstrecke zu erhalten mit einem möglichst großen Querschnitt, nämlich dem maximal innerhalb des Außengehäuses möglichen Querschnitt, der dazu führt, daß die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des verdichteten Arbeitsmediums sehr langsam werden kann und somit eine optimale Abscheidung der Öltröpfchen über die Ölabscheiderstrecke möglich ist.The Ölabscheiderstrecke could be defined within the outer housing by special housing elements. A particularly favorable solution provides, however, that the outer housing performs the working fluid during the flow through the Ölabscheiderstrecke and thus simultaneously creates the opportunity to obtain the longest possible Ölabscheiderstrecke with the largest possible cross-section, namely the maximum within the outer housing possible cross-section, which leads to it in that the flow velocity of the compressed working medium can become very slow and thus optimal separation of the oil droplets via the oil separation path is possible.

Vorzugsweise ist dabei vorgesehen, daß das Arbeitsmedium im Verlauf der Ölabscheiderstrecke das zweite Lagergehäuse umströmt und somit bereits dieses temperiert. Eine besonders günstige Lösung, die eine möglichst lange Ölabscheiderstrecke gewährleistet, sieht dabei vor, daß das Arbeitsmedium den Verdichtungsabschnitt des Verdichterschraubengehäuses umströmt, das heißt damit auch in den Zwischenraum einströmt und somit einerseits eine Temperierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses bewirkt und andererseits die Möglichkeit gegeben ist, die Ölabscheiderstrecke möglichst großvolumig und möglichst lang auszubilden.Preferably, it is provided that the working fluid flows around the second bearing housing in the course of the oil separation path and thus already tempered this. A special favorable solution that ensures the longest possible Ölabscheiderstrecke, it provides that the working fluid flows around the compression section of the compressor screw, that is thus also flows into the intermediate space and thus on the one hand causes a temperature of the compressor screw housing and on the other hand given the opportunity, the Ölabscheiderstrecke as large as possible and to train as long as possible.

Besonders günstig ist es dabei, wenn das Arbeitsmedium im Verlauf der Ölabscheiderstrecke bis zum Einlaßabschnitt des Verdichterschraubengehäuses strömt, so daß die maximal mögliche Länge der Ölabscheiderstrecke erreichbar ist und andererseits ein optimale Temperierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses bis zum Einlaßabschnitt.It is particularly advantageous if the working fluid flows in the course of Ölabscheiderstrecke to the inlet portion of the compressor screw, so that the maximum length of the Ölabscheiderstrecke is reached and on the other hand, an optimal temperature control of the compressor screw housing to the inlet section.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie der zeichnerischen Darstellung einiger Ausführungsbeispiele.Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of some embodiments.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubenverdichters längs Linie 1-1 in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt längs Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt ähnlich Fig. 1 durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters längs Linie 3-3 in Fig. 4;
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt längs Linie 4-4 in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Mittelabschnitts des Außengehäuses mit darin angeordnetem Verdichterschraubenabschnitts; und
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt längs Linie 6-6 in Fig. 4.
In the drawing show:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a screw compressor according to the invention along line 1-1 in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2
a section along line 2-2 in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section similar to Figure 1 through a second embodiment of a compressor according to the invention along line 3-3 in Fig. 4.
Fig. 4
a cross section along line 4-4 in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
a perspective view of a central portion of the outer housing with compressor screw portion arranged therein; and
Fig. 6
a section along line 6-6 in Fig. 4th

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubenverdichters, dargestellt in Fig. 1, umfaßt ein als Ganzes mit 10 bezeichnetes Außengehäuse, welches aus einem Mittelabschnitt 12, einem motorseitigen Endabschnitt 14 und einem auf der dem motorseitigen Endabschnitt 14 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Mittelabschnitts 12 liegenden Seite angeordneten druckseitigen Endabschnitt 16 aufgebaut ist.An embodiment of a screw compressor according to the invention, shown in Fig. 1, comprises a generally designated 10 outer housing, which consists of a central portion 12, a motor-side end portion 14 and on the motor side end portion 14 opposite side of the central portion 12 side disposed pressure-side end portion 16th is constructed.

Vorzugsweise sind der Mittelabschnitt 12 und der motorseitige Endabschnitt durch zwei Flansche 18 bzw. 20 miteinander verbunden und der Mittelabschnitt 12 mit dem druckseitigen Endabschnitt 16 durch Flansche 22 bzw. 24.Preferably, the central portion 12 and the motor-side end portion by two flanges 18 and 20 are interconnected and the central portion 12 with the pressure-side end portion 16 by flanges 22 and 24th

In dem Außengehäuse 10 ist ein als Ganzes mit 30 bezeichneter Antriebsmotor vorgesehen, welcher beispielsweise als Elektromotor ausgebildet ist und einen Stator 32 sowie einen Rotor 34 umfaßt. Der Stator 32 ist dabei vorzugsweise fest in dem Außengehäuse 10, insbesondere einem dem motorseitigen Endabschnitt zugewandten Motorbereich 36 des Mittelabschnitts 12 fixiert.In the outer housing 10, a designated as a whole by 30 drive motor is provided, which is formed for example as an electric motor and a stator 32 and a rotor 34 includes. The stator 32 is preferably fixedly fixed in the outer housing 10, in particular a motor region 36 of the middle section 12 facing the motor-side end section.

Ferner ist innerhalb des Mittelabschnitts 12 des Außengehäuses 10 ein als Ganzes mit 40 bezeichnetes Verdichterschraubengehäuse vorgesehen, welches, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, zwei Läuferbohrungen 42 und 44 aufweist, die ineinander übergehen, sowie eine Schieberbohrung 46, für beispielsweise einen zeichnerisch in Fig. 1 nicht erkennbaren Regelschieber.Further, within the central portion 12 of the outer casing 10, a compressor screw housing indicated as a whole by 40 is provided, which, as shown in Fig. 2, two rotor bores 42 and 44, which merge into one another, and a slide bore 46, for example, a drawing in Fig. 1 unrecognizable control slide.

Die Läuferbohrungen 42 und 44 dienen zur Aufnahme zweier für einen Schraubenverdichter üblicher Schraubenläufer 48 bzw. 50, wobei die Schraubenläufer 48 und 50 in Fig. 2 lediglich gestrichelt angedeutet sind.The rotor bores 42 and 44 serve to receive two screw rotors conventional screw rotors 48 and 50, the screw rotors 48 and 50 are indicated in Fig. 2 only by dashed lines.

Die beiden Schraubenläufer 48 bzw. 50 rotieren um ihre jeweilige Rotationsachsen 52 bzw. 54 und sind beiderseits ihres jeweiligen Schraubenkörpers 56 um ihre Rotationsachsen 52 bzw. 54 drehbar gelagert.The two screw rotors 48 and 50 rotate about their respective axes of rotation 52 and 54 and are rotatably mounted on either side of their respective screw body 56 about their axes of rotation 52 and 54, respectively.

Hierzu schließt sich an das Verdichterschraubengehäuse auf einer dem Antriebsmotor 30 zugewandten Seite ein Lagergehäuse 60 an, welches erste Lageraufnahmen 62 für erste Drehlager 64 der beiden Schraubenläufer 48, 50 aufweist, wobei die Schraubenläufer 48, 50 von den Schraubenkörpern 56 ausgehende Wellenabschnitte 66 aufweisen, auf welchen die Drehlager 64 sitzen. Einer dieser Wellenabschnitte 66 ist koaxial zu einer Antriebswelle 38 des Antriebsmotors 30 angeordnet und mit dieser verbunden.To this end, a bearing housing 60 adjoins the compressor screw housing on a side facing the drive motor 30, which first bearing receptacles 62 for first pivot bearing 64 of the two screw rotors 48, 50, wherein the screw rotors 48, 50 of the screw bodies 56 outgoing shaft portions 66 have on which the pivot bearing 64 sit. One of these shaft sections 66 is arranged coaxially with a drive shaft 38 of the drive motor 30 and connected thereto.

Ferner sind die Schraubenläufer 48, 50 auf ihrer dem Lagergehäuse 60 gegenüberliegenden Seite in einem zweiten Lagergehäuse 70 mit zweiten Lageraufnahmen 72 ebenfalls mittels zweiter Drehlager 74 drehbar gelagert, wobei hierzu die Schraubenläufer ebenfalls von den Schraubenkörpern 56 abstehende Wellenabschnitte 76 aufweisen.Further, the screw rotors 48, 50 on its side opposite the bearing housing 60 side in a second bearing housing 70 with second bearing receptacles 72 also by means second rotary bearing 74 rotatably mounted, for which purpose the screw rotor also have protruding from the screw bodies 56 shaft portions 76.

Somit erstreckt sich das Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 zwischen dem ersten Lagergehäuse 60 und dem zweiten Lagergehäuse 70 über die gesamte Länge der Schraubenkörper 56 in Richtung von deren Rotorachsen 52 bzw. 54 und umschließt die Schraubenläufer 48 bzw. 50 im Bereich ihrer Schraubenkörper 56, so daß ein Dichtspalt S zwischen den Schraubenkörper 56 und den Läuferbohrungen 42 und 44 verbleibt, der zur Abdichtung möglichst gering ausgebildet ist.Thus, the compressor screw housing 40 extends between the first bearing housing 60 and the second bearing housing 70 over the entire length of the screw body 56 in the direction of the rotor axes 52 and 54 and surrounds the screw rotor 48 and 50 in the region of their screw body 56 so that a sealing gap S remains between the screw body 56 and the rotor bores 42 and 44, which is formed as small as possible for sealing.

Alle die Bereiche des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40, in denen eine Wand 80 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 unter Bildung des Spalts S zu den Schraubenkörpern 56 verläuft, bilden einen Verdichtungsabschnitt 82 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 an den sich einlaßseitig, und zwar auf einer dem Antriebsmotor 30 zugewandten Seite ein Einlaßabschnitt 84 anschließt, welcher einen Einlaß 86 für zu verdichtendes Medium bildet, und auslaßseitig, und zwar auf einer dem Einlaß 86 im wesentlichen diagonal gegenüberliegenden Seite, ein Auslaßabschnitt 88 anschließt, welcher einen Auslaß 90 bildet, aus dem das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium austritt.All the areas of the compressor screw housing 40 in which a wall 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 extends to the screw bodies 56 to form the gap S, form a compression section 82 of the compressor screw housing 40 on the inlet side, on an inlet side 84 on a side facing the drive motor 30 connects, which forms an inlet 86 for medium to be compressed, and on the outlet side, on an inlet 86 substantially diagonally opposite side, an outlet portion 88 connects, which forms an outlet 90, from which the compressed working medium emerges.

Bei einer üblichen Arbeitsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Schraubenverdichters gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 erfolgt ein Einströmen des zu verdichtenden Arbeitsmediums durch einen Einlaßanschluß 92, welcher im motorseitigen Endabschnitt des Außengehäuses 10 vorgesehen ist. Das in den motorseitigen Endabschnitt 14 des Außengehäuses eingeströmte Arbeitsmedium durchströmt dann den Antriebsmotor 38 und strömt bis zum Einlaß 86 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40, wobei hierzu das Arbeitsmedium den Antriebsmotor 38 parallel zur Richtung der Rotationsachsen 52 und 54 durchsetzt und hierbei einerseits vom motorseitigen Endabschnitt 14 des Außengehäuses und vom Motorbereich 36 des Mittelabschnitts 12 des Außengehäuses 10 geführt ist. Durch das Außengehäuse 10 wird auch das zu verdichtende Arbeitsmedium nachdem es den Antriebsmotor 38 durchsetzt hat, zu dem Einlaß 86 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 geführt.In a conventional operation of the screw compressor according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an inflow of the working medium to be compressed takes place through an inlet connection 92, which is provided in the motor-side end portion of the outer housing 10. That in the engine-side Working medium which has flowed in at the end section 14 of the outer housing then flows through the drive motor 38 and flows to the inlet 86 of the compressor screw housing 40, for which purpose the working medium passes through the drive motor parallel to the direction of the rotational axes 52 and 54 and on the one hand from the motor-side end section 14 of the outer housing and from the motor region 36 of the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is guided. By the outer housing 10 and the working fluid to be compressed after it has passed through the drive motor 38, led to the inlet 86 of the compressor screw housing 40.

Nach Eintritt in das Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 erfährt das Arbeitsmedium mittels der Schraubenläufer 48 und 50 eine Verdichtung, so daß das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium am Auslaß 90 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses austritt und dabei in einen Führungskanal 94 eintritt, welcher das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium in einen Bereich nahe eines endseitigen Deckels 96 des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 16 führt.After entering the compressor screw housing 40, the working fluid undergoes compression by means of the screw rotors 48 and 50, so that the compressed working fluid exits at the outlet 90 of the compressor screw housing, thereby entering a guide channel 94, which the compressed working fluid in a region near an end cap 96 of the pressure-side end portion 16 leads.

Der Führungskanal 94 wird dabei einerseits gebildet durch eine in Fortsetzung des Auslaßabschnitts 80 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 angeordnete Aufnahmekammer 98, welche von einem an das zweite Lagergehäuse 70 angeformten Kammergehäuse 100 umschlossen ist, und ein an die Aufnahmekammer 98 anschließendes Führungsrohr 102, welches das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium in einen in dem druckseitigen Endabschnitt 16 nahe des Deckels 96 angeordneten und vom druckseitigen Endabschnitt 16, insbesondere den Deckel 96 umschlossenen Verteilraum 104 führt. In diesem Verteilraum hat das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium die Möglichkeit, sich über einen Strömungsquerschnitt zu verteilen, welcher ungefähr in der Größenordnung eines Innenquerschnitts des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 16 liegt. Mit diesem Strömungsquerschnitt kann das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium einen im Abstand vom Deckel 96 und den gesamten Querschnitt des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 16 des Außengehäuses 10 übergreifenden Demister 106 durchströmen, welcher sich auf der dem Deckel 96 gegenüberliegenden Seite an den Verteilraum 104 anschließt.The guide channel 94 is formed on the one hand by a arranged in continuation of the outlet section 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 receiving chamber 98, which is enclosed by a molded on the second bearing housing 70 chamber housing 100, and a subsequent to the receiving chamber 98 guide tube 102, which the compressed working fluid in a arranged in the pressure-side end portion 16 near the lid 96 and the pressure-side end portion 16, in particular the lid 96 enclosed distribution space 104 leads. In this distribution room has the condensed Working medium the ability to spread over a flow cross-section, which is approximately of the order of an inner cross-section of the pressure-side end portion 16. With this flow cross section, the compressed working medium can flow through a distance from the cover 96 and the entire cross section of the pressure-side end portion 16 of the outer housing 10 cross-demister 106, which adjoins the distribution chamber 104 on the opposite side of the lid 96.

Der Demister 106 hat die Aufgabe, im verdichteten Arbeitsmedium mitgeführten Ölnebel zu Tropfen zu vereinigen und somit zur Abscheidung von Öl aus dem verdichteten Arbeitsmedium beizutragen. Bereits im Verlauf des Durchströmens des Demisters 106 bilden sich somit Öltropfen, die entweder bereits im Demister 106 sich in Schwerkraftrichtung absetzen und zur Bildung eines Ölsumpfes 108 in einem bodenseitigen Bereich 110 des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 16 sowie einen bodenseitigen Bereich 112 des Mittelabschnitts 12 beitragen.The demister 106 has the task, in the compressed working medium entrained oil mist to combine drops and thus contribute to the separation of oil from the compressed working fluid. Already in the course of the flow through the demister 106, oil droplets are formed which either already settle in the direction of gravity in the demister 106 and contribute to the formation of an oil sump 108 in a bottom-side region 110 of the pressure-side end section 16 and a bottom-side region 112 of the central section 12.

Das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium strömt ausgehend vom Demister 106 weiter in Richtung des zweiten Lagergehäuses 70 und des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 durch einen Innenraum 107 des Endabschnitts 16 unter weiterer Abscheidung von Öltropfen in den Ölsumpf 108 mit einem ebenfalls in der Größenordnung des Innenquerschnitts des Endabschnitts 16 liegenden Strömungsquerschnitt, welcher gegenüber dem Führungsrohr 102 ebenfalls eine Herabsetzung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Arbeitsmediums und somit eine verbesserte Ölabscheidung bewirkt.The compressed working medium flows from the demister 106 further in the direction of the second bearing housing 70 and the compressor screw housing 40 through an interior 107 of the end portion 16 with further separation of oil droplets in the oil sump 108 with a lying also in the order of the inner cross section of the end portion 16 flow cross-section, which relative to the guide tube 102 also causes a reduction in the flow rate of the working medium and thus an improved oil separation.

Dadurch, daß das Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, mit seinen Wänden 80 in Azimutalrichtung 120 zu den Rotationsachsen 52 und 54 im Abstand von Wänden 122 des Mittelabschnitts 12 des Außengehäuses im Bereich des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 verläuft, bildet sich zwischen dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 und dem Mittelabschnitt 12 des Außengehäuses 40 ein das Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 im wesentlichen in der Azimutalrichtung 120 umschließender Zwischenraum 124, welcher sich ausgehend von dem zweiten Lagergehäuse 70 um den Auslaßabschnitt 88 sowie den Verdichtungsabschnitt 82 im wesentlichen herum erstreckt und auch den Einlaßabschnitt 84 erreicht. Der Zwischenraum 124 erstreckt sich dabei über mindestens einen drei Viertel des Umfangs des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 in Azimutalrichtung und ist in der Azimutalrichtung 120 nur durch einen schmalen Wandabschnitt 126 unterbrochen, in welchem die Wand 80 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 in die Wand 122 des Mittelabschnitts 12 des Außengehäuses 10 übergeht.Characterized in that the compressor screw housing 40, as shown in Fig. 2, extends with its walls 80 in the azimuthal direction 120 to the axes of rotation 52 and 54 at a distance from walls 122 of the central portion 12 of the outer housing in the region of the compressor screw housing 40, forms between the compressor screw housing 40th and the central portion 12 of the outer housing 40 a gap 124 enclosing the compressor screw housing 40 substantially in the azimuthal direction 120, which extends substantially around the outlet portion 88 and the compression portion 82 from the second bearing housing 70 and also reaches the inlet portion 84. The gap 124 extends over at least a quarter of the circumference of the compressor screw housing 40 in the azimuthal direction and is interrupted in the azimuthal direction 120 only by a narrow wall portion 126, in which the wall 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 in the wall 122 of the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10th passes.

Erfindungsgemäß ist im Bereich des Zwischenraums 124, vorzugsweise in Höhe eines Übergangs vom Einlaßabschnitt 84 zum Verdichtungsabschnitt 82 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 ein Auslaßanschluß 130 angeordnet, welcher dem bodenseitigen Bereich 112 des Mittelabschnitts 12 gegenüberliegt, so daß das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium aus dem Zwischenraum 124 durch den Auslaßanschluß 130 abströmen kann, wobei dem Auslaßanschluß 130 vorzugsweise noch ein in Fig. 1 zeichnerisch nicht dargestelltes Rückschlagventil zugeordnet ist.According to the invention, an outlet port 130 is arranged in the region of the intermediate space 124, preferably at the level of a transition from the inlet section 84 to the compression section 82 of the compressor screw housing 40, which is opposite the bottom area 112 of the central portion 12, so that the compressed working fluid from the gap 124 through the outlet port 130th can flow out, wherein the outlet port 130 is preferably assigned to a non-illustrated in Fig. 1 check valve.

Somit umströmt das verdichtete Arbeitsmedium ausgehend vom Verteilraum 104, wie bereits beschrieben, zunächst den Demister 106 und strömt dann in Richtung parallel zu den Rotationsachsen 52, 54 zunächst durch den Innenraum 107 des druckseitigen Endabschnitt 16 und dann in den Zwischenraum 124 zwischen dem Mittelabschnitt 12 und dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 und dann durch den Auslaßanschluß 130 aus dem Außengehäuse 10 heraus.As a result, the compressed working medium, starting from the distribution space 104, thus flows around the first, as already described Demister 106 and then flows in the direction parallel to the axes of rotation 52, 54 first through the interior 107 of the pressure-side end portion 16 and then into the gap 124 between the central portion 12 and the compressor screw housing 40 and then out through the outlet port 130 from the outer housing 10.

Darüber hinaus erstreckt sich der sich nahe der bodenseitigen Bereiche 110 und 112 des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 16 bzw. des Mittelabschnitts 12 bildende Ölsumpf 108 auch in den Zwischenraum 124 hinein und bildet bodenseitig desselben ein Ölbad, wobei mit einem Absaugrohr 132, dessen Mündung 134 im Bereich einer tiefsten Stelle des Zwischenraums 124, vorzugsweise auf einer dem Antriebsmotor 30 zugewandten Seite desselben, liegt, eine Ölabsaugung zur Schmierung der Schraubenläufer 48, 50 und der Drehlager 64, 74 erfolgt.In addition, the near the bottom-side portions 110 and 112 of the pressure-side end portion 16 and the middle portion 12 forming oil sump 108 also extends into the space 124 and the bottom thereof forms an oil bath, with a suction tube 132, the mouth 134 in the region of lowest point of the gap 124, preferably on a side facing the drive motor 30 thereof, an oil extraction for lubrication of the screw rotor 48, 50 and the pivot bearing 64, 74 takes place.

Je nach Ölspiegel des Ölbads 108 ist dieses in Kontakt mit den Wänden des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 oder unterhalb desselben.Depending on the oil level of the oil bath 108, this is in contact with or below the walls of the compressor screw housing 40.

Insgesamt ist somit das Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 insbesondere mit den Wänden 80 des Verdichtungsabschnitts 82 durch den dieses im wesentlichen umgebenden Zwischenraum 124 von seiner den Schraubenkörpern 56 gegenüberliegenden Außenseite mit unter Enddruck stehendem Arbeitsmedium beaufschlagt, wobei der Enddruck dem maximalen Druck entspricht, der innerhalb des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 im Bereich der Schraubenkörper 56 auftreten kann, so daß dadurch eine druckabhängige Variation des Dichtspalts S, die bei all den Schraubenverdichtern, bei denen das Verdichterschraubengehäuse auf seiner Außenseite unter Umgebungsdruck, also nicht unter einem dem Enddruck des Arbeitsmediums entsprechenden Druck steht, durch Aufweitung der Wände 80 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 auftritt, vermieden wird.Overall, therefore, the compressor screw housing 40 in particular with the walls 80 of the compression section 82 through this substantially surrounding gap 124 is acted upon by its screw bodies 56 opposite outside with standing at final pressure working medium, the final pressure corresponds to the maximum pressure within the compressor screw housing 40 in Area of the screw body 56 may occur, thereby characterized a pressure-dependent variation of the sealing gap S, in all the Screw compressors in which the compressor screw housing on its outer side under ambient pressure, that is not under a pressure corresponding to the final pressure of the working medium, occurs by widening the walls 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 is avoided.

Darüber hinaus dient das Umströmen des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 durch das in den Zwischenraum 124 eintretende Arbeitsmedium dazu, die Wände 80 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 auf eine Temperatur aufzuwärmen, die der Temperatur des druckseitig aus dem Auslaß 90 austretenden Arbeitsmediums entspricht, so daß dadurch ein thermischer Verzug des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 aufgrund der Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem am Einlaß 86 eintretenden Arbeitsmedium und dem Auslaß 90 austretenden Arbeitsmedium vermieden wird, da das in den Zwischenraum 124 einströmende Arbeitsmedium für eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung und somit eine gleichmäßige Temperierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses vom Auslaßabschnitt 80 über den Verdichtungsabschnitt 82 bis zum Einlaßabschnitt 84 führt.In addition, the flow around the compressor screw housing 40 through the entering into the space 124 working medium serves to heat the walls 80 of the compressor screw housing 40 to a temperature corresponding to the temperature of the pressure side emerging from the outlet 90 working medium, thereby thermal distortion of the compressor screw housing 40 due to the temperature difference between the working medium entering the inlet 86 and the outlet 90 working fluid is avoided, since the inflowing into the gap 124 working fluid for uniform heating and thus uniform temperature of the compressor screw housing from the outlet section 80 via the compression section 82 to the inlet section 84th leads.

Erreicht der Ölsumpf 108 eine Pegelhöhe, die so hoch ist, daß ein Kontakt zwischen dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 und dem Ölsumpf auftritt, so dient der Ölsumpf ebenfalls noch zur Temperierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses, da auch das gesamte aus dem verdichteten Arbeitsmedium abgeschiedene Öl ebenfalls die Temperatur des druckseitig aus dem Auslaß 90 austretenden Arbeitsmediums aufweist.If the oil sump 108 reaches a level that is so high that contact occurs between the compressor screw housing 40 and the oil sump, then the oil sump also serves to control the temperature of the compressor screw housing, since the entire oil separated from the compressed working medium likewise has the temperature of the pressure side has from the outlet 90 emerging working medium.

Darüber hinaus schafft die erfindungsgemäße Lösung die Möglichkeit, eine konstruktiv lange Ölabscheiderstrecke für die Abscheidung des Öls aus dem verdichteten Arbeitsmediums zur Verfügung zu stellen, die sich von dem Deckel 96 des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 60 durch den Verteilraum 104, den Demister 106 und den dann vom Arbeitsmedium umströmten Innenraum 107 des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 16 im Bereich des zweiten Lagergehäuses 70 bis zum Zwischenraum 124 erstreckt und somit eine gute Ölabscheidung gewährleistet.In addition, the solution according to the invention provides the possibility of a structurally long Ölabscheiderstrecke for Deposition of the oil from the compressed working medium to make available, extending from the lid 96 of the pressure-side end portion 60 through the distribution chamber 104, the demister 106 and then flowed around by the working medium interior 107 of the pressure-side end portion 16 in the region of the second bearing housing 70 to Interspace 124 extends and thus ensures good oil separation.

Darüber hinaus ist durch die Absaugung von Öl über die Mündung 134 des Ansaugrohrs 132 im Bereich des Zwischenraums 124, vorzugsweise in einem dem Antriebsmotor 30 zugewandten Bereich, die Möglichkeit geschaffen, dem Öl in dem Ölsumpf 108 zwischen dem Demister 106 und der Mündung 134 einen langen Weg zur Verfügung zu stellen, in welchem das Öl die Möglichkeit hat, zu entgasen, das heißt, daß das noch im Öl gelöste Arbeitsmedium aus dem Öl austreten kann, so daß an der Mündung 134 in ausreichendem Umfang entgastes Öl zur Ansaugung für die Ölversorgung zur Verfügung steht.In addition, the possibility of the oil in the oil sump 108 between the demister 106 and the mouth 134 is provided by the extraction of oil through the mouth 134 of the intake pipe 132 in the region of the gap 124, preferably in a region facing the drive motor 30 range Way to provide in which the oil has the ability to degas, that is, that the working fluid still dissolved in the oil can escape from the oil, so that at the mouth 134 sufficiently degassed oil for suction for the oil supply Available.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Mittelabschnitt 12 des Außengehäuses 10 so ausgebildet, daß dessen Flansch 22, welcher einen Anschlußflansch für den Anschluß des druckseitigen Endabschnitts 16 mit seinem Flansch 24 darstellt, in einer Ebene 140 liegt, welche ungefähr auch mit einem Endflansch 142 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses zusammenfällt, an welchem das zweite Lagergehäuse 70 mit dem Kammergehäuse 100 anflanschbar ist.Advantageously, the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is formed so that its flange 22, which is a connecting flange for the connection of the pressure-side end portion 16 with its flange 24, in a plane 140, which also approximately coincides with an end flange 142 of the compressor screw housing at which the second bearing housing 70 can be flanged to the chamber housing 100.

Im übrigen ist das Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, als mit dem Mittelabschnitt 12 einstückig herstellbares Teil ausgebildet, wobei eine Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 und dem Mittelabschnitt 12 des Außengehäuses 10 einerseits durch den Wandbereich 126 geschaffen ist und andererseits durch den ebenfalls einstückig an das Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 angeformten und ebenfalls einstückig an den Mittelabschnitt 12 des Außengehäuses 10 angeformte Lagergehäuse 60 geschaffen ist. Eine zusätzliche Verbindung zwischen dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 und dem Mittelabschnitt 12 des Außengehäuses 10 ist ferner noch durch einen Wandabschnitt 144 des Einlaßabschnitts 84 geschaffen, welcher im Bereich des Einlasses 86 bis zum einstückig an dem Mittelabschnitt 12 des Außengehäuses 10 angeformten Auslaßanschluß 130 geführt ist.Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 1, the compressor screw housing 40 is formed as a part integrally producible with the center section 12, with a connection between the compressor screw housing 40 and the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is provided on the one hand by the wall portion 126 and on the other hand created by the integrally formed on the compressor screw housing 40 and also integrally formed on the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 bearing housing 60. An additional connection between the compressor screw housing 40 and the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 is further provided by a wall portion 144 of the inlet portion 84, which is guided in the region of the inlet 86 to the integrally formed on the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10 outlet port 130.

Ferner ist vorzugsweise das erste Lagergehäuse 60 durch eine Trennwand 146 getragen, welche den Zwischenraum 124 von dem Motorbereich 36 des Mittelabschnitts 12 abtrennt und somit das dem Motorbereich 36 des Mittelabschnitts 12 durchströmende und zur Kühlung des Antriebsrotors 30 dienende Arbeitsmedium zum Einlaß 86 des Einlaßabschnitts 84 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 führt.Further, preferably, the first bearing housing 60 is supported by a partition wall 146 which separates the space 124 from the motor portion 36 of the central portion 12 and thus the motor portion 36 of the central portion 12 flowing through and serving to cool the drive rotor 30 working medium to the inlet 86 of the inlet portion 84 of Compressor screw housing 40 leads.

Damit bildet der Mittelabschnitt 12 mit dem Verdichterschraubengehäuse 40 der Wand 144 und der Trennwand 146 ein einstückiges Teil, welches so ausgebildet ist, daß es einerseits das ankommende, den Antriebsmotor 30 durchströmende Arbeitsmedium zwingend zum Einlaß 86 des Einlaßabschnitts 84 führt und andererseits das aus dem druckseitigen Endabschnitt 16 zurückströmende verdichtete Arbeitsmedium zunächst in den Zwischenraum 124 eintreten läßt, dann aber vom Zwischenraum 124 zum Auslaßanschluß 130 führt und somit gleichzeitig das einlaßseitig zuströmende Arbeitsmedium vom druckseitig abströmenden Arbeitsmedium trennt.Thus, the central portion 12 forms with the compressor screw housing 40 of the wall 144 and the partition 146 is an integral part which is designed so that it on the one hand, the incoming, the drive motor 30 flowing through the working medium necessarily leads to the inlet 86 of the inlet section 84 and on the other hand from the pressure side End section 16 back flowing compressed working fluid first enters the gap 124, but then leads from the gap 124 to the outlet port 130 and thus simultaneously the on the inlet side inflowing working fluid separates from the pressure side effluent working fluid.

Bei einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel, dargestellt in den Fig. 3 bis 6 sind diejenigen Teile, die mit denen des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels identisch sind, mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.In a second embodiment shown in Figs. 3 to 6, those parts which are identical to those of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals.

Im Gegensatz zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Schnitt noch ein Regelschieber 150 dargestellt, welcher in der Schieberbohrung 46 angeordnet ist. Ferner ist auch ein zur Ansteuerung des Regelschiebers 150 erforderlicher Steuerzylinder 152 erkennbar, welcher in einem Steuerzylindergehäuse 154 angeordnet ist, das fest mit dem zweiten Lagergehäuse 70 verbunden ist. Die Steuerung des Steuerzylinders 152 erfolgt in der bislang bekannten Form mit Öldruck oder Gasdruck, wodurch eine Verschiebung des Regelschiebers 150 parallel zu den Rotationsachsen 52, 54 erfolgt, um die Leistung des Verdichters in bekannter weise zu steuern.In contrast to the first embodiment, a control slide 150 is still shown in the section shown in Fig. 3, which is arranged in the slide bore 46. Further, a control cylinder 152 required for controlling the control slide 150 can be seen, which is arranged in a control cylinder housing 154 which is fixedly connected to the second bearing housing 70. The control of the control cylinder 152 is carried out in the previously known form with oil pressure or gas pressure, whereby a shift of the control slide 150 is parallel to the axes of rotation 52, 54 to control the performance of the compressor in a known manner.

Darüber hinaus ist bei dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Schraubenverdichters der Einlaßabschnitt 84 des Verdichterschraubengehäuses vergrößert ausgebildet, insbesondere in dem die Wand 144 schräg von dem Auslaßanschluß 130 bis zu dem Verdichtungsabschnitt 82 in Richtung der Rotationsachsen 52, 54 verläuft, so daß ein nennenswerter Teil der Schraubenkörper 56 auf seiner dem Einlaßbereich 84 zugewandten Seite zum Ansaugen von Arbeitsmedium durch den Einlaß 86 dient.Moreover, in the second embodiment of the screw compressor according to the invention, the inlet portion 84 of the compressor screw housing is formed enlarged, in particular in which the wall 144 extends obliquely from the outlet port 130 to the compression portion 82 in the direction of the axes of rotation 52, 54, so that a significant part of the screw body 56 on its side facing the inlet portion 84 side for sucking working fluid through the inlet 86 is used.

Darüber hinaus ist, wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt, der Zwischenraum 124 noch durch zusätzliche versteifende Stege 160 und 162 durchsetzt, die zu einer steifen Fixierung des Verdichterschraubengehäuses 40 innerhalb des Mittelabschnitts 12 des Außengehäuses 10 beitragen.In addition, as shown in Fig. 4, the gap 124 is still penetrated by additional stiffening webs 160 and 162, which contribute to a rigid fixation of the compressor screw housing 40 within the central portion 12 of the outer housing 10.

Hinsichtlich der weiteren Merkmale ist das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel gleich ausgebildet wie das erste Ausführungsbeispiel, so daß dieselben Elemente dieselben Bezugszeichen tragen und zur Beschreibung derselben auf das erste Ausführungsbeispiel Bezug genommen wird.With regard to further features, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, so that the same elements bear the same reference numerals and reference is made to the description of the same to the first embodiment.

Im übrigen funktioniert das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel in gleicher Weise wie das erste Ausführungsbeispiel, so daß diesbezüglich auf die Funktion und die Vorteile vollinhaltlich auf die Ausführungen zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel Bezug genommen wird.Moreover, the second embodiment works in the same way as the first embodiment, so that in this respect the function and the advantages of the contents of the comments on the first embodiment reference is made.

Claims (30)

  1. Screw compressor for compressing a working medium, comprising an outer housing (10), two screw rotors (48, 50) arranged in the outer housing (10) in rotor bores (42, 44) provided for them and a drive (30) for the screw rotors (48, 50), a compressor screw housing (40) provided within the outer housing (10), the rotor bores (42, 44) for the screw rotors (48, 50) being arranged in said compressor screw housing, said compressor screw housing (40) having an inlet section (84), a compression section (82) and an outlet section (88), and a space (124) arranged between a substantial part of the compressor screw housing (40) and the outer housing (10), characterized in that the space (124) extends from an end (142) of the compressor screw housing (40) on the outlet side in the direction of an end thereof on the inlet side over the compression section (82) as far as the inlet section (84) and is located between them and the outer housing (10).
  2. Screw compressor as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the space (124) extends in azimuthal direction (120) to the rotor bores (42, 44) over at least half the circumference of the compression section (82).
  3. Screw compressor as defined in claim 2, characterized in that the space (124) extends over at least approximately three quarters of the circumference of the compression section (82).
  4. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the space extends in azimuthal direction to the rotor bores over at least half the inlet section (84).
  5. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the space (124) extends over three quarters of the circumference of the inlet section (84).
  6. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (124) extends on average over at least half of a length of the compressor screw housing (40) extending in axial direction (52, 54) of the screw rotors (48, 50).
  7. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (124) is acted upon by pressure.
  8. Screw compressor as defined in claim 7, characterized in that the space (124) is subject to a pressure corresponding approximately to the end pressure of the screw compressor.
  9. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor screw housing (40) is adapted to be temperature adjusting medium.
  10. Screw compressor as defined in claim 9, characterized in that the compressor screw housing (40) is adapted to be temperature adjusted by a temperature adjusting medium provided in the space (124).
  11. Screw compressor as defined in claim 10, characterized in that the temperature adjusting medium comprises the compressed working medium.
  12. Screw compressor as defined in claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the temperature adjusting medium comprises oil from a lubricating oil circuit of the screw compressor.
  13. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the temperature adjusting medium flows through the space (124).
  14. Screw compressor as defined in claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the oil serving as temperature adjusting medium forms an oil bath in the space (124).
  15. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a section (12) of the outer housing (10) and the compressor screw housing (40) form an integral part.
  16. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor screw housing (40) is arranged so as to adjoin a first bearing housing (60) for rotary bearings (64) of the screw rotors (48, 50).
  17. Screw compressor as defined in claim 16, characterized in that the first bearing housing (60) serves to mount the screw rotors (48, 50) at an end thereof on the inlet side.
  18. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second bearing housing (70) arranged so asto be located opposite the first bearing housing (60) adjoins the compressor screw housing (40).
  19. Screw compressor as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the second bearing housing (70) is detachably connected to the compressor screw housing.
  20. Screw compressor as defined in claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the second bearing housing (70) has second rotary bearings (74) for the screw rotors (48, 50).
  21. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor screw housing (40) extends as far as a flange (142) on the outlet side located in axial direction (52, 54) approximately in the area of a connecting flange (22) of the section (12) of the outer housing (10) supporting the compressor screw housing (40).
  22. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressor screw housing (40) has a receiving means (46) for a regulating slide (150).
  23. Screw compressor as defined in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an oil separator path (104, 106, 107, 124) is provided within the outer housing (10) of the screw compressor for the separation of oil out of the working medium exiting from the compressor screw housing (40) on the pressure side.
  24. Screw compressor as defined in claim 23, characterized in that the oil separator path (104, 106, 107, 124) reaches from one end (96) located opposite an inlet connection (92) of the outer housing (10) as far as an outlet connection (130) for the working medium located in the area of the compressor screw housing (40).
  25. Screw compressor as defined in claim 23 or 24, characterized in that a demister (106) for forming oil droplets from an oil mist in the working medium is arranged in the oil separator path.
  26. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that an oil sump (108) is formed in the course of the oil separator path (104, 106, 107, 124).
  27. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that the outer housing (10) guides the working medium while it is flowing through the oil separator path (104, 106, 107, 124).
  28. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 23 to 27, characterized in that the working medium flows around the second bearing housing (70) in the course of the oil separator path.
  29. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 23 to 28, characterized in that the working medium flows around the compression section (82) of the compressor screw housing (40).
  30. Screw compressor as defined in any one of claims 23 to 29, characterized in that the working medium flows to the inlet section (84) of the compressor screw housing (40) in the course of the oil separator path.
EP99950635A 1998-10-06 1999-10-06 Screw-type compressor Expired - Lifetime EP1036276B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19845993A DE19845993A1 (en) 1998-10-06 1998-10-06 Screw compressor
DE19845993 1998-10-06
PCT/EP1999/007445 WO2000020761A1 (en) 1998-10-06 1999-10-06 Screw-type compressor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1036276A1 EP1036276A1 (en) 2000-09-20
EP1036276B1 true EP1036276B1 (en) 2006-05-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99950635A Expired - Lifetime EP1036276B1 (en) 1998-10-06 1999-10-06 Screw-type compressor

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US (1) US6364645B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1036276B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19845993A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000020761A1 (en)

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DE19845993A1 (en) 2000-04-20
WO2000020761A1 (en) 2000-04-13
DE59913436D1 (en) 2006-06-22
EP1036276A1 (en) 2000-09-20
US6364645B1 (en) 2002-04-02

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