EP1034128B1 - Device for cutting a paper web in the transverse direction - Google Patents
Device for cutting a paper web in the transverse direction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1034128B1 EP1034128B1 EP98959740A EP98959740A EP1034128B1 EP 1034128 B1 EP1034128 B1 EP 1034128B1 EP 98959740 A EP98959740 A EP 98959740A EP 98959740 A EP98959740 A EP 98959740A EP 1034128 B1 EP1034128 B1 EP 1034128B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conveyor
- paper web
- cutting
- conveying roller
- clamping device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H20/00—Advancing webs
- B65H20/02—Advancing webs by friction roller
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H20/00—Advancing webs
- B65H20/30—Arrangements for accumulating surplus web
- B65H20/32—Arrangements for accumulating surplus web by making loops
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H35/00—Delivering articles from cutting or line-perforating machines; Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices, e.g. adhesive tape dispensers
- B65H35/04—Delivering articles from cutting or line-perforating machines; Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices, e.g. adhesive tape dispensers from or with transverse cutters or perforators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
- B65H2301/51—Modifying a characteristic of handled material
- B65H2301/512—Changing form of handled material
- B65H2301/5121—Bending, buckling, curling, bringing a curvature
- B65H2301/51212—Bending, buckling, curling, bringing a curvature perpendicularly to the direction of displacement of handled material, e.g. forming a loop
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2403/00—Power transmission; Driving means
- B65H2403/50—Driving mechanisms
- B65H2403/51—Cam mechanisms
- B65H2403/512—Cam mechanisms involving radial plate cam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
- B65H2404/10—Rollers
- B65H2404/14—Roller pairs
- B65H2404/144—Roller pairs with relative movement of the rollers to / from each other
- B65H2404/1441—Roller pairs with relative movement of the rollers to / from each other involving controlled actuator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/202—With product handling means
- Y10T83/2092—Means to move, guide, or permit free fall or flight of product
- Y10T83/2094—Means to move product at speed different from work speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/444—Tool engages work during dwell of intermittent workfeed
- Y10T83/4529—With uninterrupted flow of work from supply source
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/444—Tool engages work during dwell of intermittent workfeed
- Y10T83/4594—Dwell caused by clamping or blocking work during continuous operation of feed means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for cross cutting a paper web according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a device for cross cutting a paper web is from CH-A-633 230 known.
- the pressure rollers are only for Duration of the cutting process lifted from the paper web, during the rest of the time however, constantly by spring force to the continuously driven conveyor roller pressed second conveyor. So that the stored loop is dismantled and the paper web is stretched again, the conveying speed is the second Conveyor significantly higher than that of the first conveyor.
- the conveyor rollers of both conveyors rotate different speeds until the set section length is reached During this time, with the paper web stretched, slip must occur between the faster rotating second conveyor roller and the paper web take place since the slower rotating first conveyor roller only with the lower conveyor speed nachternt.
- the conveyor roller of the second conveyor is as Metal roller formed and the spring force acting on the pressure rollers set relatively low.
- the maximum possible pulling force of the second Conveyor is limited by the fact that there are none on the paper web May mark pressure points when the mentioned slip occurs and on the other the paper web at the moment of tightening it when the loop is straight degraded, must not tear.
- the second conveyor also has one here relatively low tensile strength and can therefore the paper web after it from the clamping device is released, not quickly enough from a standstill accelerate. This limits the cutting performance of this known device.
- the second conveyor in the feed direction the paper web is arranged in front of the clamping device and the latter is immediately in front placed the cutting device.
- the second conveyor consists of a continuously driven conveyor roller and several to this under Intermittent interposition of the paper web by means of a lifting device pressable pressure rollers.
- the Cutting device and the lifting device is a common crank drive provided the movements via three crank rods coordinated the aforementioned facilities so that for the duration of the cutting process through the paper web the clamping device clamped and the pressure rollers are lifted off the conveyor roller.
- the pinch rollers are back to the Pressed conveyor roller of the second conveyor and the paper web through this second conveyor with a compared to the first conveyor speed increased conveying speed, which initially loosened the loop and the paper web is tightened. Afterwards the transport takes place the paper web through the first conveyor and the second conveyor.
- the pinch rollers of the second conveyor are under spring force pressed the conveyor roller, this fader force is set so weak that when tightened Paper spell slip between the higher one Speed rotating on conveyor roller and the Paper web adjusts.
- the conveying speed of the Paper web is determined solely by the conveying speed determined the first conveyor. So that the mentioned slip between the conveyor roller the second conveyor and the paper web can adjust, is the second conveyor roller as Metal roller trained.
- the maximum possible pulling force is limited on the one hand by the fact that in must not mark any marks on the paper web, when the mentioned slip occurs and the other Paper web at the moment of tightening the same, if the loop has just been removed, must not tear.
- the second conveyor therefore has a proportionate low tensile force and can therefore the paper web, after being released by the clamp is not accelerating quickly enough from that standstill, whereby the cutting performance of this known device is very limited. There is also a risk a paper jam.
- the pressure rollers must the second conveyor after the Cutting process back to the conveyor roller as quickly as possible be pressed. If at this time the The jaws of the clamping device are not yet complete are open, there is a risk that the paper web gets stuck on the partially open jaws. and a paper jam occurs. That's why they can Only then pressure rollers pressed on the conveyor roller when the full opening of the clamp is ensured. This also leads to a Impaired cutting performance.
- Another known device for cross cutting a paper web (DE 196 24 277) has a structure similar to that described above Device, with the difference that the second conveyor is arranged between the clamping device and the cutting device, and that with this second conveyor a lifting device for lifting the pinch rollers are missing.
- the pressure rollers constantly by spring force to the continuously driven Pressed conveyor roller of the second conveyor. Since this in Paper direction is arranged behind the clamping device, the paper web but by the clamping device during the cutting process is clamped, there must be a slip between during the cutting process the second conveyor and the paper web. So this is possible, the conveyor roller of the second conveyor is a metal roller trained and the spring force acting on the pressure rollers is proportional set low.
- the maximum possible pulling force the second conveyor is limited in that the paper web not be allowed to mark any pressure points if the mentioned slip enters and secondly the paper web at the moment of tightening it, if the loop has just been removed, must not tear.
- the second Conveying device also has a relatively low traction here on and can therefore the paper web after it from the clamping device released, do not accelerate quickly enough from a standstill.
- the cutting performance of this known device is one Form length of approximately 9 cm limited to 50,000 cuts per hour.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a device for cross cutting a paper web of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 to show which, above all, a significant increase in cutting performance allows.
- this new device for cross-cutting one Papiarhahn can the pressure rollers of the second conveyor immediately after the cutting process back to the conveyor roller of the second conveyor be pressed.
- the First the paper web is at rest through the conveyor roller given a high acceleration.
- This high acceleration is possible because the surface layer of the Conveyor roller has a high coefficient of friction compared to Paper web and therefore has a great tensile force can transmit this.
- the acceleration of the paper web can already take place at a time when the clamping device is only partially open because the second conveyor behind the cleat is arranged and therefore through the paper web the clamping device pulls through. The danger of one Paper jams at the clamping device are thus switched off.
- first conveyor 1 By means of a first conveyor 1 from a driven conveyor roller 1a and one Pinch roller 1b, the paper web P becomes continuous fed to the device for cross cutting.
- the conveyor roller 1a becomes continuous at a first peripheral speed V1 powered and granted the paper web a conveying speed V1 which e.g. the delivery speed an upstream, not shown Corresponds to the laser printer.
- V1 e.g. the delivery speed an upstream
- At the first conveyor can also be a so-called tractor act, consisting of two arranged parallel to each other Conveyor belts with their spikes in perforations engage on both longitudinal edges of the paper web.
- a loop formation station 3 Following the first conveyor 1 a loop formation station 3 is arranged, their function in the description of the mode of operation the device is explained in more detail.
- Loop formation station 3 is followed by a clamping device 4, consisting of at least one fixed Jaw 4a and a movable jaw 4b. Between the clamping device 4 and a cutting device 5, a second conveyor 6 is provided.
- the cutting device 5 is preferably a cutting device with a rotating knife 5a, which with a fixed Knife 5b cooperates. However, it can also be a Cutting device with an up and down movable Knives and a stationary knife may be provided.
- the second conveyor 6 consists of a continuous driven conveyor roller 6a and several to this with the interposition of the paper web P press rollers 6b.
- the pressure rollers 6b are spaced apart on a common axis 7 arranged.
- the conveyor roller 6a has a surface layer or a covering 8 on the opposite the paper web P has the greatest possible coefficient of friction Has.
- the surface layer 8 preferably consists made of a rubber-elastic material, in particular Polyurethane elastomer based on naphthalene-1,5-diyl diisocyanate (known under the registered trademark Vulkollan).
- the pinch rollers 6b are intermittent according to the invention to the conveyor roller 6a with interposition the paper web P can be pressed.
- one Lifting device 9 is provided. This consists of a rotatable cam 10 and a rocker 11 the free end of the axis 7 is arranged.
- the Swing arm 11 is supported on a support roller 12 the cam disc 10.
- a spring 13 ensures that the support roller 12 always in contact with the cam 10 is held.
- the drive of the moving Clamping jaw 4b of the clamping device 4 takes place in a similar manner Way over a cam 14, a rocker 15 and a support roller 16.
- the cam discs 10 and 14 and the rotating Cutting knives 5a are driven by a common motor 17 applied, whereby the drive of the lifting device 9th and the clamping device 4 in the working cycle of the cutting device 5 is done.
- a third conveyor 18 provided that suitably adjacent is arranged to the clamping device 4, while the second conveyor 6 adjacent to the cutting device 5 is provided.
- the third conveyor 18 consists of a continuously driven Conveyor roller 18a and several springs on this pressed pressure rollers 18b.
- the conveyor roller 18a has a metal surface. The pressing force, with which the pressure rollers 18b with interposition the paper web P pressed against the conveyor roller 18a are selected so that the conveyor roller 18a can continue to rotate even when the paper web is clamped, without leaving pressure marks on the paper web.
- the two conveyor rollers 6a and 18a become continuous driven at a peripheral speed V2, which is higher than the peripheral speed V1 first conveyor 1.
- a fourth conveyor 19 also consisting of a continuous driven conveyor roller 19a and more resilient to this with the interposition of the paper web P pressable pressure rollers 19b are provided.
- the peripheral speed V2 of the conveyor roller 19a corresponds to the Circumferential speed of the conveyor rollers 6a and 18a.
- the paper web P is at a constant speed from the first conveyor into the invention Transverse cutting device transported. There the paper web is cycled by the clamping device 4 clamped while the cutter 5 performs the cutting process. While the Paper web is clamped by the clamping device 4, is the paper web P by the first conveyor 1 continuously promoted and the funded Amount of paper in loop formation station 3 in Form of a loop 20 stored (buffered). While the paper web clamped by the clamping device 4 , the conveyor roller 18a of the third conveyor rotates 18 grinding on the paper web, however, the pressure rollers 6b of the second conveyor 6 are lifted off the conveyor roller 6a and the latter therefore no promotional effect on the paper web exercises. That separated from the cutting device 5 Paper sheet is through the fourth conveyor 19 transported on.
- the clamping device 4th solved by the cam 14 and at the same time the pressure rollers 6b on the conveyor roller 6a pressed by the cam 10.
- the conveyor roller 6a has a high tensile force on the paper web P aue and accelerate the paper web in the shortest possible time Time on an increased conveyor speed that the Circumferential speed V2 of the conveyor roller 6a and also corresponds to the conveyor roller 18. Because the peripheral speed V2 is greater than the conveying speed V1 the first conveyor 1 is the during Clamping the paper web formed paper loop 20th reduced. Just before the paper loop is removed and the paper web is tightened, the pinch rollers 6b can be lifted off the conveyor roller 6a again otherwise the paper web would tear.
- the timely The pressure rollers 6b are lifted off by appropriate means Design of the cam disc 10.
- Pinch rollers 6b become the paper web through the third Conveyor 18 and for larger form lengths also transported on by the fourth conveyor 19 until the predetermined form length is reached is.
- the intermittently effective conveyor roller 6a with a Surface layer 8 with a high coefficient of friction the paper web becomes this in no time given a high acceleration, increasing the duration for dismantling the loop 20, especially for short ones Form lengths that are shortened strongly. this leads to a significant increase in overall performance Contraption.
- the cams shown in the drawing 10, 14 can also have an externally limited control curve have in the form of a groove in which the Roller 12 or 16 engages from the side. On this way a forced control of the roles 12 or 16 reached up and down and the Spring 13 can be omitted.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden einer Papierbahn gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for cross cutting a paper web according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden einer Papierbahn ist aus der CH-A-633 230 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung werden die Andruckrollen nur für die Dauer des Schneidvorganges von der Papierbahn abgehoben, während der übrigen Zeit jedoch ständig durch Federkraft an die kontinuierlich angetriebene Förderwalze der zweiten Fördereinrichtung angedrückt. Damit die gespeicherte Schlaufe abgebaut und die Papierbahn wieder gestreckt wird, ist die Fördergeschwindigkeit der zweiten Fördereinrichtung wesentlich höher als die der ersten Fördereinrichtung. Sobald jedoch die Schlaufe abgebaut ist, drehen sich die Förderwalzen beider Fördereinrichtungen mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten weiter, bis die eingestellte Abschnittslänge erreicht ist Während dieser Zeit muß bei gestreckter Papierbahn Schlupf zwischen der schneller drehenden zweiten Förderwalze und der Papierbahn stattfinden, da die langsamer drehende erste Förderwalze nur mit der kleineren Fördergeschwindigkeit nachfördert. Ohne Schlupf an der zweiten Förderwalze würde die Papierbahn reißen. Damit dieser Schlupf möglich ist, ist die Förderwalze der zweiten Fördereinrichtung als Metallwalze ausgebildet und die auf die Andruckrollen einwirkende Federkraft verhältnismäßig gering eingestellt. Die maximal mögliche Zugkraft der zweiten Fördereinrichtung wird dadurch begrenzt, daß sich an der Papierbahn keinerlei Druckstellen abzeichnen dürfen, wenn der erwähnte Schlupf eintritt und zum anderen die Papierbahn im Augenblick der Straffung derselben, wenn die Schlaufe gerade abgebaut ist, nicht reißen darf. Die zweite Fördereinrichtung weist also auch hier eine verhältnismäßig geringe Zugkraft auf und kann daher die Papierbahn nachdem sie von der Klemmeinrichtung freigegeben ist, aus dem Stillstand nicht rasch genug beschleunigen. Hierdurch ist die Schnittleistung dieser bekannten Vorrichtung begrenzt. Such a device for cross cutting a paper web is from CH-A-633 230 known. In this known device, the pressure rollers are only for Duration of the cutting process lifted from the paper web, during the rest of the time however, constantly by spring force to the continuously driven conveyor roller pressed second conveyor. So that the stored loop is dismantled and the paper web is stretched again, the conveying speed is the second Conveyor significantly higher than that of the first conveyor. However, as soon as the loop is removed, the conveyor rollers of both conveyors rotate different speeds until the set section length is reached During this time, with the paper web stretched, slip must occur between the faster rotating second conveyor roller and the paper web take place since the slower rotating first conveyor roller only with the lower conveyor speed nachfördert. Without slipping on the second conveyor roller, the paper web would tear. So that this slip is possible, the conveyor roller of the second conveyor is as Metal roller formed and the spring force acting on the pressure rollers set relatively low. The maximum possible pulling force of the second Conveyor is limited by the fact that there are none on the paper web May mark pressure points when the mentioned slip occurs and on the other the paper web at the moment of tightening it when the loop is straight degraded, must not tear. The second conveyor also has one here relatively low tensile strength and can therefore the paper web after it from the clamping device is released, not quickly enough from a standstill accelerate. This limits the cutting performance of this known device.
Bei einer anderen bekannten Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden einer Papierbahn (DE-A1 31 31 101) mit ähnlichem Aufbau ist die zweiter Fördereinrichtung in Vorschubrichtung der Papierbahn vor der Klemmeinrichtung angeordnet und letztere ist unmittelbar vor der Schneideinrichtung plaziert. Die zweite Fördereinrichtung besteht aus einer kontinuirlich angetriebenen Förderwalze und mehreren an diese unter Zwischenschaltung der Papierbahn mittels einer Hubeinrichtung intermittierend andrückbaren Andruckrollen. Zur Betätigung der Klemmeinrichtung, der Schneideinrichtung und der Hubeinrichtung ist ein gemeinsamer Kurbelantrieb vorgesehen, der über drei Kurbelstangen die Bewegungen der vorgenannten Einrichtungen so koordiniert, daß für die Dauer des Schneidevorganges die Papierbahn durch die Klemmeinrichtung festgeklemmt und die Andruckrollen von der Förderwalze abgehoben sind. Da während der Festklemmung der Papierbehn die erste Fördereinrichtung kontinuierlich weiterläuft und die zweite Fördereinrichtung infolge der abgehobenen Andruckrollen unwirksam ist, bildet sich im Bereich vor der zweiten Fördereinrichtung eine Schlaufe aus. Sobald der Schneidevorgang beendet ist, werden die Andruckrollen wieder an die Förderwalze der zweiten Fördereinrichtung angedrückt und die Papierbahn durch diese zweite Fördereinrichtung mit einer gegenüber der ersten Fördergeschwindigkeit erhöhten Fördergeschwindigkeit weitertransportiert, wodurch zunächst die Schlaufe aufgelöst und die Papierbahn gestrafft wird. Danach erfolgt der Weitertransport der Papierbahn durch die erste Fördereinrichtung und die zweite Fördereinrichtung. Die Andruckrollen der zweiten Fördereinrichtung werden unter Federkraft an die Förderwalze angedrückt, wobei diese Faderkraft so schwach eingestellt ist, daß bei straff gespannter Papierbann sich Schlupf zwischen der mit höherer Geschwindigkeit umlaufendan Förderwalze und der Papierbahn einstellt. Die Fördergeschwindigkeit der Papierbahn wird ausschließlich durch die Fördergeschwindigkeit der ersten Fördereinrichtung bestimmt. Damit sich der erwähnte Schlupf zwischen der Förderwalze der zweiten Fördereinrichtung und der Papierbahn einstellen kann, ist die zweite Förderwalze als Metallwalze ausgebildet. Die maximal mögliche Zugkraft wird hierbei zum einen dadurch begrenzt, daß sich in der Papierbahn keinerlei Druckstellen abzeichnen dürfen, wenn der erwähnte Schlupf eintritt und zum andern die Papierbahn im Augenblick der Straffung derselben, wenn die Schlaufe gerade abgebaut ist, nicht reißen darf. Die zweite Fördereinrichtung weist also eine verhältnismäßig geringe Zugkraft auf und kann daher die Papierbahn, nachdem sie von der Klemmeinrichtung freigegeben ist, aus dam Stillstand nicht rasch genug beschleunigen, wodurch die Schnittleistung dieser bekannten Vorrichtung sehr begrenzt ist. Weiterhin besteht auch die Gefahr eines Papierstaus. Um nämlich eine möglichst hohe Schnittleistung zu erreichen, müssen die Andruckrollen der zweiten Fördereinrichtung nach Beandigung des Schneidevorgangs möglichst schnell wieder an die Förderwalze angedrückt werden. Wenn zu diesem Zeitpunkt die Klemmbacken der Klemmeinrichtung noch nicht vollständig geöffnet sind, besteht die Gefahr, daß die Papierbahn an den teilweise geöffneten Klemmbacken hängen bleibt. und ein Papierstau eintritt. Deswegen können die Andruckrollen erst dann an die Förderwalze angedrückt werden, wenn die vollständige Öffnung der Klemmeinrichtung sichergestellt ist. Dies führt ebenfalls zu einer Beeinträchtigung der Schnittleistung.In another known device for cross cutting a paper web (DE-A1 31 31 101) with a similar structure is the second conveyor in the feed direction the paper web is arranged in front of the clamping device and the latter is immediately in front placed the cutting device. The second conveyor consists of a continuously driven conveyor roller and several to this under Intermittent interposition of the paper web by means of a lifting device pressable pressure rollers. To actuate the clamping device, the Cutting device and the lifting device is a common crank drive provided the movements via three crank rods coordinated the aforementioned facilities so that for the duration of the cutting process through the paper web the clamping device clamped and the pressure rollers are lifted off the conveyor roller. Because during the Clamping the paper container the first conveyor runs continuously and the second conveyor ineffective due to the lifted pressure rollers is formed in the area in front of the second conveyor a loop out. Once the cutting process is finished, the pinch rollers are back to the Pressed conveyor roller of the second conveyor and the paper web through this second conveyor with a compared to the first conveyor speed increased conveying speed, which initially loosened the loop and the paper web is tightened. Afterwards the transport takes place the paper web through the first conveyor and the second conveyor. The pinch rollers of the second conveyor are under spring force pressed the conveyor roller, this fader force is set so weak that when tightened Paper spell slip between the higher one Speed rotating on conveyor roller and the Paper web adjusts. The conveying speed of the Paper web is determined solely by the conveying speed determined the first conveyor. So that the mentioned slip between the conveyor roller the second conveyor and the paper web can adjust, is the second conveyor roller as Metal roller trained. The maximum possible pulling force is limited on the one hand by the fact that in must not mark any marks on the paper web, when the mentioned slip occurs and the other Paper web at the moment of tightening the same, if the loop has just been removed, must not tear. The second conveyor therefore has a proportionate low tensile force and can therefore the paper web, after being released by the clamp is not accelerating quickly enough from that standstill, whereby the cutting performance of this known device is very limited. There is also a risk a paper jam. To be as high as possible To achieve cutting performance, the pressure rollers must the second conveyor after the Cutting process back to the conveyor roller as quickly as possible be pressed. If at this time the The jaws of the clamping device are not yet complete are open, there is a risk that the paper web gets stuck on the partially open jaws. and a paper jam occurs. That's why they can Only then pressure rollers pressed on the conveyor roller when the full opening of the clamp is ensured. This also leads to a Impaired cutting performance.
Eine andere bekannte Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden einer Papierbahn (DE 196 24 277) weist einen ähnlichen Aufbau auf, wie die zuvor beschriebene Vorrichtung, mit dem Unterschied, daß die zweite Fördereinrichtung zwischen der Klemmeinrichtung und der Schneideinrichtung angeordnet ist, und daß bei dieser zweiten Fördereinrichtung eine Hubeinrichtung zum Abheben der Andruckrollen fehlt. Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung werden die Andruckrollen ständig durch Federkraft an die kontinuierlich angetriebene Förderwalze der zweiten Fördereinrichtung angedrückt. Da diese in Papierlaufrichtung hinter der Klemmeinrichtung angeordnet ist, die Papierbahn aber durch die Klemmeinrichtung während des Schneidvorganges festgeklemmt ist, muß während des Schneidvorganges ein Schlupf zwischen der zweiten Fördereinrichtung und der Papierbahn möglich sein. Damit dies möglich ist, ist die Förderwalze der zweiten Fördereinrichtung als Metallwalze ausgebildet und die auf die Andruckrollen einwirkende Federkraft verhältnismäßig gering eingestellt. Auch hier wird die maximal mögliche Zugkraft der zweiten Fördereinrichtung dadurch begrenzt, daß sich an der Papierbahn keinerlei Druckstellen abzeichnen dürfen, wenn der erwähnte Schlupf eintritt und zum andern die Papierbahn im Augenblick der Straffung derselben, wenn die Schlaufe gerade abgebaut ist, nicht reißen darf. Die zweite Fördereinrichnung weist also auch hier eine verhältnismäßig geringe Zugkraft auf und kann daher die Papierbahn, nachdem sie von der Klemmeinrichtung freigegeben ist, aus dem Stillstand nicht rasch genug beschleunigen. Hierdurch ist die Schnittleistung auch dieser bekannten Vorrichtung bei einer Formularlänge von etwa 9 cm auf 50.000 Schnitte pro Stunde begrenzt.Another known device for cross cutting a paper web (DE 196 24 277) has a structure similar to that described above Device, with the difference that the second conveyor is arranged between the clamping device and the cutting device, and that with this second conveyor a lifting device for lifting the pinch rollers are missing. In this known device the pressure rollers constantly by spring force to the continuously driven Pressed conveyor roller of the second conveyor. Since this in Paper direction is arranged behind the clamping device, the paper web but by the clamping device during the cutting process is clamped, there must be a slip between during the cutting process the second conveyor and the paper web. So this is possible, the conveyor roller of the second conveyor is a metal roller trained and the spring force acting on the pressure rollers is proportional set low. Again, the maximum possible pulling force the second conveyor is limited in that the paper web not be allowed to mark any pressure points if the mentioned slip enters and secondly the paper web at the moment of tightening it, if the loop has just been removed, must not tear. The second Conveying device also has a relatively low traction here on and can therefore the paper web after it from the clamping device released, do not accelerate quickly enough from a standstill. As a result, the cutting performance of this known device is one Form length of approximately 9 cm limited to 50,000 cuts per hour.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden einer Papierbahn der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 angegebenen Art aufzuzeigen, welche vor allem eine erhebliche Steigerung der Schnittleistung ermöglicht.The invention is therefore based on the object of a device for cross cutting a paper web of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 to show which, above all, a significant increase in cutting performance allows.
Dieses Problem wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst This problem is solved by the features specified in claim 1
Bei dieser neuen Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden einer
Papiarhahn können die Andruckrollen der zweiten Fördereinrichtung
sofort nach Beendigung des Schneidevorganges
wieder an die Förderwalze der zweiten Fördereinrichtung
angedrückt werden. Sobald dies geschehen ist, wird der
zunächst ruhenden Papierbahn durch die Förderwalze
eine hohe Beschleunigung erteilt. Diese hohe Beschleunigung
ist möglich, weil die Oberflächenschicht der
Förderwalze einen hohen Reibungsbeiwert gegenüber der
Papierbahn aufweist und daher eine große Zugkraft auf
diese übertragen kann. Die Beschleunigung der Papierbahn
kann bereits zu einem Zeitpunkt erfolgen, zu dem
die Klemmeinrichtung erst teilweise geöffnet ist, da
die zweite Fördereinrichtung hinter der Klammeinrichtung
angeordnet ist und deshalb die Papierbahn durch
die Klemmeinrichtung hindurchzieht. Die Gefahr eines
Papierstaus an der Klemmeinrichtung wird damit ausgeschaltet.
Wesentlich ist auch, daß die Andruckrollen
durch die Hubeinrichtung wieder von der Förderwalze
abgehoben werden kurz bevor die Papierschlaufe abgebaut
und die Papierbahn gestrafft ist. Andernfalls
würde nämlich durch die hohe Beschleunigung der Papierbahn
und die hohe Zugkraft der Förderwalze die Papierbahn
reißen. Insgesamt wird durch die hohe Seschleunigung
der Papierbahn die für den Abbau der Schlaufe
benötigte Zeit stark verkürzt, was insbesondere bei
kurzen Formularlängen zu einer erheblichen Steigerung
der Schnittleistung führt. So kann z.B. bei einer Formularlänge
von 10 cm eine Schnittleistung bis zu
100.000 Schnitten pro Stunde oder mehr als 27 Schnitten
pro Sekunde erreicht werden. Dies bedeutet, daß innerhalb
einer Zeit von nur 0,036 Sekunden die Papierbahn
nach Beendigung eines Schneidvorganges vom Stillstand
beschleunigt, durch die zweite Fördereinrichtung um
10 cm vorgeschoben, mittels der Klemmeinrichtung festgeklemmt
und durch die Schneideinrichtung geschnitten
wird. Bei einer Formularlänge von ca. 30 cm läßt sich
mit der neuen Vorrichtung noch eine Schnittleistung
bis zu etwa 36.000 Schnitten pro Stunde erreichen.In this new device for cross-cutting one
Papiarhahn can the pressure rollers of the second conveyor
immediately after the cutting process
back to the conveyor roller of the second conveyor
be pressed. As soon as this has happened, the
First, the paper web is at rest through the conveyor roller
given a high acceleration. This high acceleration
is possible because the surface layer of the
Conveyor roller has a high coefficient of friction compared to
Paper web and therefore has a great tensile force
can transmit this. The acceleration of the paper web
can already take place at a time when
the clamping device is only partially open because
the second conveyor behind the cleat
is arranged and therefore through the paper web
the clamping device pulls through. The danger of one
Paper jams at the clamping device are thus switched off.
It is also essential that the pressure rollers
by the lifting device again from the conveyor roller
are lifted off just before the paper loop is removed
and the paper web is tightened. Otherwise
would namely because of the high acceleration of the paper web
and the high tensile force of the conveyor roller the paper web
tear. Overall, due to the high acceleration
the paper web for the dismantling of the loop
time required is greatly reduced, which is particularly the case with
short form lengths for a significant increase
of cutting performance. For example, with a form length
from 10 cm a cutting performance up to
100,000 cuts per hour or more than 27 cuts
can be reached per second. This means that within
the paper web in only 0.036 seconds
after a cutting process from standstill
accelerated by the
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the Subclaims marked.
Die Erfindung wird in folgendem, anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is in the following, based on one in the Drawing schematically illustrated embodiment explained in more detail.
Mittels einer ersten Fördereinrichtung 1, bestehend
aus einer angetriebenen Förderwalze 1a und einer
Andruckrolle 1b, wird die Papierbahn P kontinuierlich
der Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden zugeführt. Die Förderwalze
1a wird kontinuierlich mit einer ersten Umfangsgeschwindigkeit
V1 angetrieben und erteilt der Papierbahn
eine Fördergeschwindigkeit V1, die z.B. der Liefergeschwindigkeit
eines vorgeschalteten, nicht dargestellten
Laserdruckers entspricht. Bei der ersten Fördereinrichtung
kann es sich auch um einen sogenannten Traktor
handeln, bestehend aus zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten
Förderbändern, die mit ihren Stacheln in Perforationen
an beiden Längsrändern der Papierbahn eingreifen.
Im Anschluß an die erste Fördereinrichtung 1
ist eine Schlaufenausbildungsstation 3 angeordnet,
deren Funktion bei der Beschreibung der Arbeitsweise
der Vorrichtung noch näher erläutert wird. Nach der
Schlaufenausbildungsstation 3 folgt eine Klemmeinrichtung
4, bestehend aus mindestens einer feststehenden
Klemmbacke 4a und einer beweglichen Klemmbacke 4b.
Zwischen der Klemmeinrichtung 4 und einer Schneideinrichtung
5 ist eine zweite Fördereinrichtung 6 vorgesehen.
Bei der Schneideinrichtung 5 handelt es sich
vorzugsweise um eine Schneideinrichtung mit einem
rotierenden Messer 5a, welches mit einem feststehenden
Messer 5b zusammenwirkt. Es kann jedoch auch eine
Schneideinrichtung mit einem auf- und abbeweglichen
Messer und einem stationären Messer vorgesehen sein.By means of a first conveyor 1
from a driven conveyor roller 1a and one
Die zweite Fördereinrichtung 6 besteht aus einer kontinuierlich
angetriebenen Förderwalze 6a und mehreren
an diese unter Zwischenschaltung der Papierbahn P
andrückbaren Andruckrollen 6b. Die Andruckrollen 6b
sind auf einer gemeinsamen Achse 7 in Abstand voneinander
angeordnet. Die Förderwalze 6a weist eine Oberflächenschicht
oder einen Belag 8 auf, die gegenüber
der Papierbahn P einen möglichst großen Reibungsbeiwert
hat. Vorzugsweise besteht die Oberflächenschicht 8
aus einem gummielastischen Material, insbesondere aus
Polyurethan-Elastomer auf der Basis von Naphthalin-1,5-diyldiisocyanat
(bekannt unter der eingetragenen Marke
Vulkollan). The
Die Andruckrollen 6b sind gemäß der Erfindung intermittierand
an die Förderwalze 6a unter Zwischenschaltung
der Papierbahn P andrückbar. Hierfür ist eine
Hubeinrichtung 9 vorgesehen. Diese besteht aus einer
drehbaren Kurvenscheibe 10 und einer Schwinge 11, an
deren freiem Ende die Achse 7 angeordnet ist. Die
Schwinge 11 stützt sich über eine Stützrolle 12 an
der Kurvenscheibe 10 ab. Eine Feder 13 sorgt dafür,
daß die Stützrolle 12 immer in Anlage an der Kurvenscheibe
10 gehalten wird. Der Antrieb der beweglichen
Klemmbacke 4b der Klemmeinrichtung 4 erfolgt in ähnlicher
Weise über eine Kurvenscheibe 14, eine Schwinge
15 und eine Stützrolle 16.The pinch rollers 6b are intermittent according to the invention
to the conveyor roller 6a with interposition
the paper web P can be pressed. For this is one
Die Kurvenscheiben 10 und 14 sowie das rotierende
Schneidmesser 5a werden von einem gemeinsemen Motor 17
angetriehen, wodurch der Antrieb der Hubeinrichtung 9
und der Klemmeinrichtung 4 im Arbeitstakt der Schneideinrichtung
5 erfolgt.The
Zwischen der Klemmeinrichtung 4 und der Schneideinrichtung
5 ist zweckmäßig noch eine dritte Fördereinrichtung
18 vorgesehen, die zweckmäßig benachbart
zur Klemmeinrichtung 4 angeordnet ist, während die
zweite Fördereinrichtung 6 benachbart zur Schneideinrichtung
5 vorgesehen ist. Die dritte Fördereinrichtung
18 besteht aus einer kontinuierlich angetriebenen
Förderwalze 18a und mehreren Federn an dieser
angedrückten Andruckrollen 18b. Die Förderwalze 18a
weist eine Metalloberfläche auf. Die Andrückkraft,
mit welcher die Andruckrollen 18b unter Zwischenschaltung
der Papierbahn P an die Förderwalze 18a angedrückt
werden, ist so gewählt, daß sich die Förderwalze 18a
auch bei festgeklemmter Papierbahn weiterdrehen kann,
ohne Druckstellen auf der Papierbahn zu hinterlassen.Between the
Die beiden Förderwalzen 6a und 18a werden kontinuierlich
mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit V2 angetrieben,
die höher ist als die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit V1 der
ersten Fördereinrichtung 1.The two
Hinter der Schneideinrichtung 5 ist eine vierte Fördereinrichtung
19, bestehend ebenfalls aus einer kontinuierlich
angetriebenen Förderwalze 19a und mehreren
federnd an diese unter Zwischenschaltung der Papierbahn P
andrückbaren Andruckrollen 19b, vorgesehen. Die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit
V2 der Förderwalze 19a entspricht der
Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Förderwalzen 6a und 18a.Behind the
Die Wirkungsweise der bisher beschriebenen Vorrichtung ist folgende:The operation of the device described so far is the following:
Die Papierbahn P wird mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit
von der ersten Fördereinrichtung in die erfindungsgemäße
Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden transportiert.
Dort wird die Papierbahn zyklisch von der Klemmeinrichtung
4 festgeklemmt, während die Schneideinrichtung
5 den Schneidvorgang durchführt. Während die
Papierbahn durch die Klemmeinrichtung 4 geklemmt ist,
wird die Papierbahn P durch die erste Fördereinrichtung 1
kontinuierlich weitergefördert und die dabei geförderte
Papiermenge in der Schlaufenausbildungsstation 3 in
Form einer Schlaufe 20 gespeichert (gepuffert). Während
die Papierbahn durch die Klemmeinrichtung 4 geklemmt
ist, dreht sich die Förderwalze 18a der dritten Fördereinrichtung
18 auf der Papierbahn schleifend weiter,
wobei jedoch die Andruckrollen 6b der zweiten Förder-einrichtung
6 von der Förderwalze 6a abgehoben sind
und letztere somit keine Förderwirkung auf die Papierbahn
ausübt. Das von der Schneideinrichtung 5 abgetrennte
Papierblatt wird durch die vierte Fördereinrichtung
19 weitertransportiert. Nachdem der Schneidevorgang
ausgeführt ist, wird die Klemmeinrichtung 4
durch die Kurvenscheibe 14 gelöst und gleichzeitig
werden die Andruckrollen 6b an die Förderwalze 6a
durch die Kurvenscheibe 10 angedrückt. Infolge des
hohen Reibungsbeiwertes der Oberflächenschicht 8 übt
die Förderwalze 6a eine hohe Zugkraft auf die Papierbahn
P aue und beschleunigt die Papierbahn in kürzester
Zeit auf eine erhöhte Fördergeschwindigkeit, die der
Umfangsgeschwindigkeit V2 der Förderwalze 6a und auch
der Förderwalze 18 entspricht. Da die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit
V2 größer ist als die Fördergeschwindigkeit V1
der ersten Fördereinrichtung 1 wird die während der
Klemmung der Papierbahn gebildete Papierschlaufe 20
abgebaut. Kurz bevor die Papierschlaufe abgebaut und
die Papierbahn gestrafft ist, müssen die Andruckrollen
6b wieder von der Förderwalze 6a abgehoben werden, da
sonst die Papierbahn reißen würde. Das rechtzeitige
Abheben der Andruckrollen 6b erfolgt durch entsprechende
Ausgestaltung der Kurvenscheibe 10. Bei abgehobenen
Andruckrollen 6b wird die Papierbahn durch die dritte
Fördereinrichtung 18 und bei größeren Formularlängen
auch durch die vierte Fördereinrichtung 19 weitertransportiert
bis die vorbestimmte Formularlänge erreicht
ist. Anschließend erfolgt wieder das Festklemmen der
Papierbahn mittels der Klemmeinrichtung 4 und das
Schneiden mittels der Schneideinrichtung 5. Durch die
intermittierend wirksame Förderwalze 6a mit einer
Oberflächenschicht 8 mit hohem Reibungsbeiwert gegenüber
der Papierbahn wird dieser in kürzester Zeit
eine hohe Beschleunigung erteilt, wodurch die Dauer
für den Abbau der Schlaufe 20, insbesondere bei kurzen
Formularlängen, starkt verkürzt wird. Dies führt zu
einer erheblichen Leistungssteigerung der gesamten
Vorrichtung.The paper web P is at a constant speed
from the first conveyor into the invention
Transverse cutting device transported.
There the paper web is cycled by the
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellten Kurvenscheiben
10, 14 können auch eine nach außen begrenzte Steuerkurve
in Form einer Nut aufweisen, in welche die
Rolle 12 bzw. 16 von der Seite her eingreift. Auf
diese Weise wird eine Zwangssteuerung der Rollen
12 bzw. 16 nach oben und unten erreicht und die
Feder 13 kann entfallen.The cams shown in the drawing
10, 14 can also have an externally limited control curve
have in the form of a groove in which the
Claims (6)
- Device for transverse cutting of a paper web (P), with a continuously driven first conveyor (1), by means of which the paper web (P) is moved at a constant first conveying speed (V1) into the device and stored, i.e. buffered, there in the form of a loop (2d) in a loop forming station (3) during the cutting operation, with a clamping device (4) arranged behind the latter in the paper running direction for temporary clamping of the paper web, with a second conveyor (6) provided behind the clamping device (4) for further movement of the paper web after its storage with a second conveying speed (V2) higher than the first conveying speed (V1), consisting of a continuously driven conveying roller (6a) and a plurality of pressure rollers (6b) which can be intermittently pressed against this conveying roller by means of a lifting device (9) with the paper web between them, and with a cutting device (5) arranged stationarily behind the second conveyor (6), whereby the clamping device and the lifting device are driven in step with the cutting device such that for the duration of the cutting operation the paper web is clamped by the clamping device and the pressure rollers are lifted off the conveying roller, characterised in that the conveying roller (6a) of the second conveyor (6) exhibits a surface coating (8) of rubber elastic material, i.e. with the highest possible coefficient of friction in relation to the paper web, and in that the lifting device (9) is designed or controlled so that the pressure rollers (6b) are lifted off the conveying roller (6a) shortly before the loop (20) is eliminated and the paper web (P) is tightened.
- Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the surface coating (8) consists of polyurethane elastomer on the basis of naphthaline-1,5-diyldiisocyanate.
- Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the lifting device (9) comprises a cam gear mechanism (10 - 12).
- Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that between the clamping device (4) and the cutting device (5) there is a third conveyor (18) which consists of a continuously driveable conveying roller (18a) and a plurality of pressure rollers (18b) which can be pressed resiliently against this conveying roller, whereby this conveying roller (18a) is driven with the same circumferential speed (V2) as the conveying roller (6a) of the second conveyor (6).
- Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the second conveyor (6) is arranged adjacent to the cutting device (5) and the third conveyor (18) is arranged adjacent to the clamping device (4).
- Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the conveying roller (18a) of the third conveyor (18) exhibits a metal surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19748789 | 1997-11-05 | ||
DE19748789A DE19748789C2 (en) | 1997-11-05 | 1997-11-05 | Device for cross cutting a paper web |
PCT/DE1998/003060 WO1999024343A1 (en) | 1997-11-05 | 1998-10-13 | Device for cutting a paper web in the transverse direction |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1034128A1 EP1034128A1 (en) | 2000-09-13 |
EP1034128B1 true EP1034128B1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
Family
ID=7847642
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98959740A Expired - Lifetime EP1034128B1 (en) | 1997-11-05 | 1998-10-13 | Device for cutting a paper web in the transverse direction |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6418825B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1034128B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001522768A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2309106A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19748789C2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2170541T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999024343A1 (en) |
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IT223039Z2 (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1995-06-09 | Panotec Srl | STRUCTURE OF A LOCKING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR DURING THE DRAGING OF THE CARDBOARD |
US5079980A (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1992-01-14 | Markem Corporation | Method and apparatus for accumulating, cutting and stacking a continuously moving supply of material |
DE19624277C2 (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1998-08-06 | Boewe Systec Ag | Device for cutting paper webs |
US5911807A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1999-06-15 | Markem Corporation | Apparatus for cutting a continuously flowing material web |
DE19713428A1 (en) * | 1997-04-01 | 1998-10-08 | Hoechst Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg | Conveyor belt for conveyor belts containing elastic yarns, use, method for transporting goods and device |
-
1997
- 1997-11-05 DE DE19748789A patent/DE19748789C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-10-13 DE DE59802924T patent/DE59802924D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-13 WO PCT/DE1998/003060 patent/WO1999024343A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-10-13 US US09/530,718 patent/US6418825B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-13 ES ES98959740T patent/ES2170541T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 CA CA002309106A patent/CA2309106A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-13 EP EP98959740A patent/EP1034128B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 JP JP2000520367A patent/JP2001522768A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19748789A1 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
EP1034128A1 (en) | 2000-09-13 |
WO1999024343A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
CA2309106A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
DE59802924D1 (en) | 2002-03-14 |
US6418825B1 (en) | 2002-07-16 |
JP2001522768A (en) | 2001-11-20 |
ES2170541T3 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
DE19748789C2 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
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