Definitions

• An iodophor teat dip comprising a solution of a fatty alcohol polyglycol ether carboxylic acid, glycerin, I 2 , I- (or HI) and, a pH buffer.
• the teat dip reduces the spread of mastitis infection, imparts a smoother teat condition, improves milk let down, and has few discernible long term effects .
• This invention relates to a new and improved iodophor teat dip containing I : and I- (or HI) , a specific surfactant, and glycerin which is suitable for reducing the spread of mastitis infection, and improving teat appearance and skin condition; this in turn enables faster let down and milk out.
• present commercial teat dip formulations have been developed to combine desired germicidal properties with suitable emolliency, and include surfactants such as 9 - 12 mole ethoxylated phenols containing I 2 , I- and glycerine.
• a surfactant of this type used in a teat dip is sold by Norman Fox & Co. under the trade name of NORFOX N-P9, and listed in "McCutcheon' s Emulsifiers and Detergents" , 1989 specifically for use with iodophors .
• the NORFOX N-P9 formulation tends to cause the teat skin to become chapped, cracked and calloused, which in turn leads to infection, which can provide a mastitis site, and weaken the cow for other infections, delayed milk let down, and bovine discomfort when milking.
• teat dip is sold as KlenzadeTM Teat Guard, containing a nonyl phenoxypolyethoxy ethanol surfactant having 1% titratable iodine, but this product does not keep a soft teat skin.
• KlenzadeTM Teat Guard containing a nonyl phenoxypolyethoxy ethanol surfactant having 1% titratable iodine, but this product does not keep a soft teat skin.
• bovine teat dip formulations have employed an emollient such as lanolin, but these formulations have failed to exhibit the desired characteristics of emolliency.
• a bovine teat dip formulation which has a suitable capability for dispersing I 2 and I- (or HI) ; does not form toxic or objectionable compounds with I 2 ; improves the teat appearance; reduces teat callousing and cracking; improves milk let down; reduces discomfort when milking; maintains a suitable capability for reducing the spread of mastitis; has a reasonably good phase stable shelf life over a reasonably wide temperature range; and, is inexpensive to formulate.
• an iodophor teat dip formulation comprising an emulsifier/dispersant of water soluble, nonionic, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether carboxylic acids; glycerin, and the like; effective amounts of I 2 and I- (or HI, and the like) ; and a pH buffer.
• emulsifier/dispersant of this type is sold by Alcolac Inc.
• AKYPO m RLM-45 AKYPO tm RLM-100
• AKYPO tm RLM-130 AKYPO tm RLM-160
• the preferred composition being AKYPO t RLM-100 (Chemical Abstracts Registry 74349-89-6) .
• the emulsifier/dispersants function together with the glycerine to impart the necessary emolliency for smooth teats, with reduced cracking, callousing and sores. This lessens the risk of infection sites leading to mastitis, and other diseases.
• the AKYPO tm RLM emulsifiers/dispersants used in the formulation are laureth/myristic (11 - 17) carboxylic acids, with an HLB (Hydrophilic/Lipophilic Balance) number of about 10 - 16;
• AKYPO c ⁇ RLM-100 itself has an HLB of 14.8.
• the formulation may have a small content (e.g., 5%) of stearic acid.
• Typical formulations comprise I 2 : about 0.45% - 1.3%; HI, or equivalent (e.g., KI , Nal, Cal 2 , etc., and mixtures thereof): sufficient to form about 0.25% -0.3% I-; glycerin, and the like: about 5% - 12.5%; a buffer such as citric acid and/or lactic acid; and, caustic for adjusting the pH to about 4.0 - 5.5, and preferably to about 4.8 - 5.2; emulsifier/dispersant : about 7.5% - 12.5%; and, water: balance, all parts by weight. If the glycerin content is below about 5%, the formulation did not appear effective.
• HI or equivalent (e.g., KI , Nal, Cal 2 , etc., and mixtures thereof): sufficient to form about 0.25% -0.3% I-; glycerin, and the like: about 5% - 12.5%; a buffer such as citric acid and/or lactic
• hydroxy equivalents to the preferred glycerine may be used, and include: sorbitol; mannitol; galacticol; 1, 2 , 6-hexanetriol ; non- ionic polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 100 to 800; the propylene and di -propylene glycols; the pentitols such as arabitol; and, mixtures thereof .
• the emulsifier/dispersant content is below about 7.5%, ⁇ he formulation becomes unstable due to lack of iodine complexing capability, and if the emulsifier/dispersant content is above about 12.5%, no significant improvement was observed.
• a suitable formulation was produced having a phase- stable shelf life of about two (2) years within an ambient temperature range of about 30°F - 110°F.
• the formulation may be produced as a concentrate and then diluted with water prior to use.
• EXAMPLE 1 Using the above formulation, several herds totalling 2,600 dairy cows was treated during a four month period with about 625,000 teat dips. The herd initially had a low mastitis and infection rate, and use of the above formulation neither improved or worsened the condition of the herd. However, there was a significant improvement in teat appearance, such as a smoother teat, with significantly fewer cracks and a consequent lessened opportunity for spreading an infectious disease such as mastitis . Also there was noted a greater improvement in faster let down and onset of milking, indicating reduced irritation of the cow teats. The life span of cows is about three to seven years, and during the period commencing from the four month tests in 1988 to 1994, no significant change in the herd life span was noted.
• EXAMPLE 2 In a 1994 test, 12 dairy herds of about 200 cows each were treated with the above formulation, and a noticeable improvement in teat condition was observed within about ten (10) days. Fewer cracks, sores, callousing, etc., appeared, resulting in the cow teats being much easier to prepare for milking and a a consequent faster milking operation due to less discomfort.
• the concentrate was formed with a foamer-thickener to produce a 0.75% I 2 skin wash.
• the formulation of this invention may be augment other less expensive teat dips to reduce costs.
• this type of usage about 0.045% by weight of the concentrate is used, the balance being the less expensive teat dip.
• the concentrate also may be employed to protect the hands when working with food, and when working with food and medical utensils. Also, the diluted concentrate is useful to protect the hands during contact with sanitizing iodine solutions used for example in conjunction with pet shampoos.
• This concentrate may then be diluted to produce various skin and body care products for use in a carrier such as commercial liquid soaps, sprays, powders, creams, ointments and mixtures thereof to improve skin smoothness, to reduce chapped, scratched or abraded hands, or rashes; as a surgical scrub; as a skin germicide for cuts, dressings, wounds, etc; for acne treatment; for animal and pet shampoos, etc.
• a carrier such as commercial liquid soaps, sprays, powders, creams, ointments and mixtures thereof to improve skin smoothness, to reduce chapped, scratched or abraded hands, or rashes; as a surgical scrub; as a skin germicide for cuts, dressings, wounds, etc; for acne treatment; for animal and pet shampoos, etc.
• the formulation of this invention may include germicides, insect repellents, perfumes, moisturizers, antifungal agents, emollients, humectants, defoamers, antibiotics, additional specific soaps, etc.
• a typical amount of concentrate at the lower concentration level is about 30 ppm, and at the higher concentration level, the I 2 concentration should not exceed about 1.1% by weight.
• the I ' may be formulated as an ion of Na, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Ca, H ⁇ , etc.
• the teat dip and method of this invention provides a product having good germicidal properties, and which imparts a smoother teat with fewer callouses, roughness, sores and cracking. Use of the formulation thus reduces entry sites for infection and subsequent spreading of disease such as mastitis, and milking is made easier due to less teat irritation.
• the teat dip formulation of this invention is relatively inexpensive and has a reasonably good shelf life at ambient conditions.
• the teat concentrate may be used at a greater dilution to reduce costs and still maintain their healthy status.
• the laureth/myristic surfactant employed in the formulation of this invention may be used in conjunction with I 2 and I " as a concentrate, generally containing: I " : 2% - 16%; I 2 : 3% - 40%; laureth/myristic surfactant: 50% - 95%; and, water: balance, all parts by weight.
• a preferred concentrate contains: I " : 6.8%; I 2 : 22%; RLMTM100: 66%; and, water: 5.2%, all parts by weight.

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• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
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Cited By (1)

• 1997
  • 1997-10-14 AU AU49000/97A patent/AU4900097A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-10-14 EP EP97911685A patent/EP1028736A4/de not_active Withdrawn

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