EP1016781B1 - Kalorische Maschine - Google Patents

Kalorische Maschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1016781B1
EP1016781B1 EP99125201A EP99125201A EP1016781B1 EP 1016781 B1 EP1016781 B1 EP 1016781B1 EP 99125201 A EP99125201 A EP 99125201A EP 99125201 A EP99125201 A EP 99125201A EP 1016781 B1 EP1016781 B1 EP 1016781B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working
charging
cylinder
piston
transfer block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99125201A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1016781A2 (de
EP1016781A3 (de
Inventor
Jürgen Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1016781A2 publication Critical patent/EP1016781A2/de
Publication of EP1016781A3 publication Critical patent/EP1016781A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1016781B1 publication Critical patent/EP1016781B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a caloric machine, operated with a working medium in two work cycles becomes.
  • the invention relates to a motor unit for Providing mechanical energy.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to to take up the well-known principle of caloric machines and to provide a technical realization that has the disadvantages previous similar machines avoided or strong reduced. It's supposed to be a caloric machine available be made using the simplest mechanical Components can continuously release mechanical energy. In addition, it is particularly desirable to this machine so design that linear forces can be delivered. After all It is an object of the present invention to provide a motor unit taking advantage of a corresponding caloric Specify machine.
  • caloric Machine solved with a working medium in two work cycles is operated and a first working piston, in a first working cylinder runs and a first push rod coupled to a linear power transfer block, in the direction of movement of the first working piston is displaceable; a first charging piston, which in one first load cylinder runs and over a parallel to the first Push rod arranged second push rod to the linear power transfer block is coupled; a second working piston, in a second cylinder in the first Working piston opposite working direction runs and via a third push rod to the linear power transfer block is coupled; a second charging piston, which in one second loading cylinder in opposite to the first charging piston Working direction runs and over a parallel to the third Push rod arranged fourth push rod to the linear power transfer block is coupled; a heating cavity, in which heat is supplied to the working medium; and a cooling cavity in which heat is extracted from the working medium is included; wherein during the first working cycle the heated working fluid from the heating cavity over a first working valve in the first working cylinder and off the second working working
  • This caloric machine has the advantage that the Working and loading pistons are arranged so that they linear forces deliver directly to a linear power transfer block can, without further transmission elements are required. In this way, lateral forces are avoided. With that you can also in conventional constructions mostly high friction losses be significantly reduced.
  • By the symmetrical Linkage of two power pistons and two loading pistons can from the machine according to the invention in both work cycles mechanical energy are released, so that each provided amount of energy relatively evenly over the Time is distributed. To overcome the remaining Dead centers only a small amount of energy is required whereby, for example, flywheels to be used small can be kept.
  • the structure of the invention provides also the advantage that the machine is self-starting, whereby conventional starter aids can be saved.
  • caloric machine is governed by the strictly linear principle deviated and come in place of the push rods connecting rods to use the working and loading pistons over pins connect with a crankshaft.
  • the two piston pairs In this case, 180 ° out of phase engage the crankshaft.
  • calorific engine possess the warming cavity and the Cooling cavity each having a constant volume
  • the Volume of the two cavities can also be identical.
  • a modified embodiment is characterized by that the linear power transfer block on a guide columns slidably mounted frame, which is on a first Side to the first piston and the first charging piston and on a second, the first opposite side coupled to the second piston and the second charging piston is.
  • This embodiment allows a special simple mechanical construction, in which the first working piston and the first charging piston on the one hand and the second Working piston and the second charging piston on the other hand parallel are arranged to each other, wherein in each case the working piston and the loading pistons are moved in opposite directions to each other and introduce the forces linearly into the linear force transfer block or received from this.
  • Valves are mechanically actuated by the linear force transfer block. This allows complex electrical or electronic Control mechanisms are eliminated. This leads to a very robust and reliable construction of the caloric machine.
  • the valves also be controlled by electrical signals and For example, be designed as solenoid valves or as be formed hydraulic valves. This is for example then expedient if a high precision in terms of Switching times of the valves and a high switching speed are desired.
  • a further developed embodiment is by a linear force transfer block with a rack attached to it characterized in that two counter-rotating freewheel gear engage the rack and the alternating Linear motion over a coordinate gear in one implement constant rotational movement.
  • This embodiment can be used to advantage if the available Asked linear force can be converted into a rotational movement should, as desirable for example in motor vehicles is.
  • the gearbox can be used to convert the Linear motion in a rotary motion accounts.
  • An advantageous embodiment is characterized by that the heating cavity designed as a solar collector is. The heat is then directly by sunlight.
  • the Pressure and volume conditions in the caloric machine be chosen according to the laws of thermodynamics so that in the cooling cavity an expansion of the working medium takes place, which has a cooling to follow.
  • the provided thereby "Cooling source” can be used for cooling or air conditioning the environment are used.
  • the o.g. Tasks are also solved by a motor unit, in which at least two caloric machines of the invention Art are interconnected, preferably four caloric machines each 90 ° out of phase be interconnected.
  • a motor unit in which at least two caloric machines of the invention Art are interconnected, preferably four caloric machines each 90 ° out of phase be interconnected.
  • Fig. 1 is a caloric machine according to the invention in illustrated a block diagram, wherein the machine in this representation is located in a first work cycle.
  • the caloric machine has a first working piston 1, which runs in a first working cylinder 2.
  • a first push rod 3 is attached, the essentially in a straight line up to a central one arranged linear power transfer block 4 extends and on a first side 5 of this linear power transfer block 4th is attached.
  • a first charging piston 7 is provided, which runs in a first loading cylinder 8 and a second push rod 9 also to the first side 5 of the linear power transmission block 4 is coupled.
  • the second push rod 9 is substantially parallel to the first push rod 3.
  • the working volume of the first working cylinder 2 is designed to be significantly larger than the working volume of the first loading cylinder 8.
  • a second piston 11 is provided which again runs in a second cylinder 12 and over a third push rod 13 to the linear power transfer block 4 is coupled.
  • the third push rod 13 is at a attached to the second side 14 of the linear force transfer block 4, wherein the second side 14 of the first page 5 in essentially parallel to each other.
  • a second charging piston 16 which works in a second loading cylinder 17 and over a fourth push rod 18 also with the second side 14th of the linear power transmission block 4 is in communication.
  • the Working volume of the second working cylinder 12 corresponds to essentially the working volume of the first working cylinder 2, while the working volume of the second loading cylinder 17 in essentially the working volume of the first loading cylinder. 8 corresponds to and smaller than the working volume of the working cylinder is.
  • the caloric machine has a heating cavity 20 and a cooling cavity 21, preferably a have invariable volume, in particular the heating cavity 20 and the cooling cavity 21 is a nearly identical Have volume.
  • a working medium preferably substances with relatively low boiling point, such as water, alcohol, ether or helium for use, wherein the special substance considering the respective one Purpose and the operating temperatures used is.
  • the working fluid is continuously in the heating cavity Heat supplied. This is an external heat source used. For heating, for example, heating fuels be incinerated or used in the respective application Available waste heat serve as a heat source.
  • the heating cavity as Sun collector can also be particularly advantageous, the heating cavity as Sun collector to design or suitable other Make the heat energy provided by solar radiation supply.
  • the formation of the heating cavity as Solar collector has proven to be particularly easy and useful proved, on the one hand the working medium in a simple Guide way through the solar panels and on the other hand the exploited solar energy available for free stands.
  • the first working cycle of the caloric Machine described in detail.
  • the first work cycle flows over a first hot medium line 25 and a opened first working valve 26, the heated working fluid in the first working cylinder 2, whereby the first Working piston 1 is driven out and about the first Push rod 3 a linear acting force on the linear power transfer block 4 exercises.
  • the linear force transfer block 4 performs a straight line movement from left to right, as indicated by the arrow is.
  • the first charging piston 7 from the first loading cylinder. 8 moved out, so that cold working medium over an open first charging valve 27 and a first charging line 28 in the first charging cylinder 8 can flow.
  • the available standing force is dependent on the amount of heat supplied, because this is about the expansion of the working fluid in the heating cavity and thus about the volume amount in the first Working cylinder 2 is pressed, decides.
  • the provided by the first piston 1 force is the linear power transfer block 4 also to the third push rod 13 and the fourth push rod 18 transmitted.
  • the located in the second loading cylinder 17 cooled working fluid expelled from the second charging piston 16 and flows via a first return line 29 and a opened second loading valve 30 back into the heating cavity 20, in which it is reheated and a volume expansion experiences.
  • the relatively warm working fluid is in the cooling cavity 21st Heat deprived.
  • the linear force transfer block 4 is provided with guide sleeves 40 mounted on guide columns 41, so that a low-friction linear movement can be performed.
  • FIG. 2 the flow conditions in the caloric machine during the second Work cycle explained.
  • the position of each piston in The cylinders shown in Fig. 2 correspond to those shown in Figs from Fig. 1, but during an opposite movement, which in turn is indicated by an arrow in the area of the linear force transfer block is shown.
  • the movement shown from right to left flows hot Working medium from the heating cavity 20 via a second Hot medium line 45 through the now open third Working valve 33 in the second working cylinder 12.
  • the in the second working cylinder 12 under pressure inflowing Working medium causes a displacement of the second working piston 11, this movement over the third push rod 13 on the second side 14 of the linear force transfer block 4 is headed.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 causes the linear power transfer block 4 each substantially at the reversal points of the linear movement switching said control valves, so that to maintain the force required by the movement alternately from first working piston and provided by the second working piston becomes.
  • the material stresses are therefore lower, which in connection with the relatively low working speeds to a long life of the machine and leads to a remarkable smooth running.
  • the invention can also the crankshaft principle use.
  • a rack 50 mounted, in which a gear 51 engages is in the illustrated embodiment on the linear power transfer block 4, a rack 50 mounted, in which a gear 51 engages. Due to the described two-stroke operation of the caloric machine results in an alternating linear motion the rack 50, in a rotational movement of the gear 51 results in changing sense of direction.
  • Fig. 3 shows a simplified schematic representation of a Possibility of this rotational movement with changing sense of direction to convert into a rotary motion with constant sense of direction.
  • the rack 50 is in this case with a first freewheel gear 52 and a second freewheel gear 53 engaged, in turn, each in a central gear 54 intervene.
  • the freewheel gear 52, 53 are arranged so that depending on the direction of movement of the rack 50 always only one freewheel gear a power transmission to the central gear 54 performs, so that this in a rotary motion is offset with the same sense of direction.
  • At the central gear 54 can then attached to an output shaft be.
  • the caloric machine according to the invention can also be used with any other types of transmissions are equipped. It is the same possible, the control of valves not on mechanical but in electrical, hydraulic or other ways make.
  • the illustrated caloric machine can as compact unit be built so that the interconnection several such units without difficulty possible is. In this way, for example, motors build, which combine several of these units in itself.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
EP99125201A 1998-12-29 1999-12-17 Kalorische Maschine Expired - Lifetime EP1016781B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19860522 1998-12-29
DE19860522A DE19860522C1 (de) 1998-12-29 1998-12-29 Kalorische Maschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1016781A2 EP1016781A2 (de) 2000-07-05
EP1016781A3 EP1016781A3 (de) 2001-06-27
EP1016781B1 true EP1016781B1 (de) 2005-02-23

Family

ID=7892981

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99125201A Expired - Lifetime EP1016781B1 (de) 1998-12-29 1999-12-17 Kalorische Maschine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1016781B1 (pt)
AT (1) ATE289656T1 (pt)
CY (1) CY1105562T1 (pt)
DE (2) DE19860522C1 (pt)
ES (1) ES2238808T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT1016781E (pt)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005085991A (ja) * 2003-09-09 2005-03-31 Canon Inc 露光装置及び該装置を用いたデバイス製造方法
CN103912405B (zh) * 2014-04-30 2016-04-06 郭远军 一种平行运动热能动力机器及其做功方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3834070A1 (de) * 1988-10-06 1990-04-12 Heidelberg Goetz Waermekraftmaschine nach dem stirling-prinzip oder dem ericsen-prinzip
US5180939A (en) * 1992-02-24 1993-01-19 Cummins Power Generation, Inc. Mechanically commutated linear alternator
WO1993022551A1 (en) * 1992-05-06 1993-11-11 Balanced Engines, Inc. Balanced compound engine
US5693991A (en) * 1996-02-09 1997-12-02 Medis El Ltd. Synchronous twin reciprocating piston apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE289656T1 (de) 2005-03-15
CY1105562T1 (el) 2010-07-28
EP1016781A2 (de) 2000-07-05
DE19860522C1 (de) 2000-04-20
PT1016781E (pt) 2005-06-30
EP1016781A3 (de) 2001-06-27
ES2238808T3 (es) 2005-09-01
DE59911656D1 (de) 2005-03-31

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