EP1012998A2 - Anordnung für bidirektionale data- und unidirektionale leistungsübertragung zwischen master und slave einheiten mit induktiver kopplung - Google Patents
Anordnung für bidirektionale data- und unidirektionale leistungsübertragung zwischen master und slave einheiten mit induktiver kopplungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1012998A2 EP1012998A2 EP97947159A EP97947159A EP1012998A2 EP 1012998 A2 EP1012998 A2 EP 1012998A2 EP 97947159 A EP97947159 A EP 97947159A EP 97947159 A EP97947159 A EP 97947159A EP 1012998 A2 EP1012998 A2 EP 1012998A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- data
- tuned circuit
- communication system
- unit
- master unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/77—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for interrogation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- A63F3/00—Board games; Raffle games
- A63F3/00643—Electric board games; Electric features of board games
- A63F2003/00662—Electric board games; Electric features of board games with an electric sensor for playing pieces
- A63F2003/00665—Electric board games; Electric features of board games with an electric sensor for playing pieces using inductance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- A63F9/00—Games not otherwise provided for
- A63F9/24—Electric games; Games using electronic circuits not otherwise provided for
- A63F2009/2448—Output devices
- A63F2009/247—Output devices audible, e.g. using a loudspeaker
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- A63F2250/00—Miscellaneous game characteristics
- A63F2250/52—Miscellaneous game characteristics with a remote control
Definitions
- the invention relates to a data communication apparatus of the kind comprising a master unit and at least one physically separate, passive slave unit.
- the invention is concerned particularly, but not exclusively, with toys and games.
- a difficulty is that the base only contains a preprogrammed memory and can only perform the tasks it is made to do.
- US-A-5190285 describes an electronic game having a base and separate playing pieces or characters, each character containing a store for storing data which can be transferred to a processor attached to the base.
- the character is supplied with power via coils in the character and base respectively and communicates the data through a coupled capacitor plate. This is a relatively complex construction and in practice the use of capacitive coupling will result in very weak signals being transferred which is undesirable.
- data communication apparatus comprises a master unit and at least one physically separate, passive slave unit, the master unit having a first part of an inductive communication system, and a processor connected to the first part of the inductive communication system, and the slave unit having a second part of the inductive communication system, a data store, and a modulator responsive to data from the data store and connected to the second part of the inductive communication system, wherein the first and second parts of the inductive communication system are constructed so that when the slave unit is brought into proximity with the master unit, power is inductively coupled from the master unit to the slave unit via the inductive communication system, and the modulator in the slave unit is thereby activated to cause data from the store to be inductively communicated from the slave unit to the master unit via the inductive communication system, the processor being responsive to the data supplied to the master unit.
- the inductive communication system is utilized both for supplying power to the slave unit and for receiving data from the slave unit. This results in a simpler construction, particularly for the slave unit.
- the inductive communication system comprises a tuned circuit.
- the use of a tuned circuit maximises power transfer and the phase change detected as well as increasing the selectivity of the apparatus so that a slave unit will only pass data to the master unit when they are in close proximity.
- the modulator is preferably adapted to adjust the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit in accordance with data supplied from the data store.
- the inductive arrangement defined by the tuned circuit is either tuned or detuned in accordance with the data. Detuning the system adjusts the tuned circuit's resonant frequency which can be detected as a phase shift in the received signal relative to the drive signal fed to the tuned circuit by the processor.
- the processor generates a drive signal, at a drive frequency, which is fed to the first part of the tuned circuit, the tuned circuit being adapted to resonate at a frequency offset from the drive frequency when no data is being transmitted to the master unit, such that the tuned circuit oscillates at a frequency which is phase shifted relative to the drive frequency.
- the advantage of this offset is that in the case of binary data, whichever value the binary data has, there will be a phase shift in the received signal.
- the frequency offset will be small, no more than 5%, preferably no more than 3.5%, of the resonant frequency of the drive frequency.
- the modulator is responsive to binary data from the data store either to adjust or not to adjust the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit in accordance with the value of the data.
- the non- adjusted and adjusted resonant frequencies of the tuned circuit are on either side of the drive frequency. This provides a symmetrical arrangement which enhances detection.
- phase change yields good noise immunity, comparable to FM modulation, in contrast to known amplitude modulation techniques.
- the slave unit comprises a unit for converting each binary digit from the store into a two bit sequence in which the values of the bits are different, the order within the sequence varying depending upon the value of the binary digit from the data store.
- the converting unit could comprise, for example, an exclusive - OR gate.
- the modulator comprises a switch for including one or more reactive elements into the tuned circuit, such as an additional capacitor.
- the modulator comprises a field effect transistor.
- the master unit conveniently further comprises a phase comparator which receives a signal at the drive frequency, and the signal returned from the tuned circuit and generates an output signal related to the phase difference between the two input signals.
- the master unit will also further comprise a converter unit connected to the output of the phase comparator for generating a pulse width modulated signal related to the phase difference defined by the signal output by the phase comparator.
- the converter unit could comprise an exclusive - OR gate as is known in the art.
- the data stored in the data store can define a variety of types of information.
- the data could define a programme to which the processor in the master unit responds.
- the master unit includes at least one output device adapted to generate one or more of an electrical, visual, audible and mechanical output under control of the processor, in response to data received from the slave unit.
- the invention is particularly suited for use as a toy or game, the or each slave unit being incorporated in a toy character, model or card.
- the advantage of this is that a common master unit can be provided for use with a variety of toys or models each of which stores data related to the particular toy or model.
- the data stored in the data store may define an audio message intended to be the character speaking.
- the invention has advantages for a toy manufacturer.
- One main advantage is that a user can acquire in the first instance a base containing the master unit and one set of pieces, each containing a respective slave unit, which together form one toy. But once a user is in possession of a base, a new toy can later be made by supplying a new set of pieces with different information in their respective data stores.
- a first toy might consist of a base and a plurality of pieces in the form of well known cartoon characters which convey verbally to the user their name.
- the manufacturer could then supply different pieces such as models of different aeroplanes which could be provided in their respective data stores with a brief verbal description about their history. It is also envisaged that the information in the data store might form a programme to programme the processor, in the master unit. A toy might thus include one piece which programmes the processor to form the basis of the actions of the toy, and other pieces (which have less information in their respective data stores) could then be read by the processor once programmed. The processor could then become more sophisticated and cause mechanical actions to take place in addition to or as an alternative to audible and visual outputs.
- the processor could be linked to a further computer to form more complex toys. It should also be noted that although the invention has particular application to toys and games, it could also form part of an educational aid.
- the Tag could be used to provide information about an object, such as a file, to which it is attached.
- the Tag could store a sample of the bearer's voice for comparison with the bearer and/or information only known to the bearer. Many other audio/musical applications are possible.
- the data store will be a ROM but in some cases a reprogrammable store could be used.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view from above of a first example of the toy
- Figure 2 is a block circuit diagram of the primary components in the base unit shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing the components within the character of Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 but of a second example;
- FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram of alternative primary components in the base unit shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 6a is a representation of the frequency response of the tuned circuit with the character transmitting data "1";
- Figure 6b is a representation of the frequency response of the tuned circuit with the character transmitting data "0"
- Figure 7a is a representation of the phase change of oscillation of the tuned circuit compared to that of the drive signal with the character transmitting data "1";
- Figure 7b is a representation of the phase change of the tuned circuit compared to that of the drive signal with the character transmitting data "0".
- FIG. 1 there is shown a toy having a base unit 1 in the form of a rectangular housing moulded, for example, out of plastics.
- a recessed portion 3 trapezoidal in shape to receive a corresponding trapezoidal base 4a of a piece in the form of a character 4 e.g. a cartoon or other fictitious character.
- the base 4a and recess portion 3 are trapezoidal so that the base 4a only fits into the recess portion if it is orientated into the correct position.
- a Tag 5 including a slave unit defined by an electronic circuit shown in more detail in Figure 3.
- the Tag 5 is remotely activatable from energy transmitted thereto and, when activated, transmits information contained in its memory.
- a master unit mounted inside the base unit 2 is a master unit shown in more detail in Figure 2.
- the master unit includes a Tag reader, part of which is shown at 6 in one corner of the recessed portion 3.
- the Tag reader is connected to a speaker 7 and display 8. Batteries (not shown) may be used to power the reader speaker 7 and display 8, which batteries may be housed in the base unit 1.
- the character 4 is placed in the recess portion 3 on surface 2 of the base unit 1.
- the Tag 5 will thus lie adjacent the part 6 of the reader 6.
- the Tag 5 contains information about the character in for example compressed speech form which is read by the reader.
- the reader comprises a microprocessor 20 powered from batteries (not shown) along a power line 21.
- the microprocessor 20 is connected to the display 8 and the speaker 7 and, although not shown in Figure 1, may also be connected to a mechanical actuator 22 and an I/O interface 23 for connection to a remote computer (not shown) .
- the microprocessor 20 is controlled via software stored in a memory 24.
- the microprocessor generates a clock signal on a line 25 at a rf frequency, e.g. 16MHz, which is fed to a divider circuit 26 which reduces the frequency of the signal to 125kHz.
- This drive or "carrier" signal is filtered in the filter 27 and amplified by an amplifier 28 before being fed to a first part 29 of a tuned circuit.
- the first part 29 of the tuned circuit includes a capacitor 30 and a 25 turn inductor 31.
- the capacitor 30 has a value of 39.8nF.
- the circuit 29 is connected to one input of a phase comparator 32, the other input of which receives the carrier frequency on a line 33.
- the comparator 32 compares the phases of the two input signals and generates a binary output signal whose state corresponds to the determined phase difference. This signal is fed to a converter circuit 34, typically in the form of any exclusive-OR gate which converts the input signal into a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal which is fed to the microprocessor 20.
- the microprocessor 20 responds to that signal to control one or more of the speaker, display, actuator and I/O interface 7,8,22,23.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the components within the character 4 defining the slave unit.
- the circuit comprises a second part 40 of the tuned circuit, formed by a 25 turn inductor 41 and a capacitor 42 having a value in this example of 28.8nF.
- the circuit 40 is connected in series to a further capacitor 43 having a value of 3300pF and in parallel with a FET 44.
- the output from the circuit 40 is connected to a rectifying circuit 45 formed by two diodes and a capacitor which generates a DC power signal of 5V for use by the other components within the slave unit.
- the slave unit has no internal power source of its own.
- the output from the circuit 40 is also fed to a divider arrangement 46 of conventional form from which a clock signal (typically 16Kbits/sec) is derived which is fed to the clock input 47 of a serial ROM 48 and to one input of an exclusive-OR gate 49. Data is clocked out of an output 50 of the serial ROM 48 at half the clock rate and is fed to the other input of the exclusive-OR gate 49. The output from the exclusive-OR gate 49 is fed to the gate of the FET 44.
- a clock signal typically 16Kbits/sec
- the part 6 of the Tag reader (corresponding to part or all of the coil 31) will be brought into proximity with the coil 41 and the tuned circuit comprising the first and second parts 29,40 will be completed. This effectively forms an inductive link between the first and second parts of the tuned circuit.
- the application of the drive signal to the first part 29 of the tuned circuit causes an oscillating magnetic field to be generated by the coil 31.
- the magnetic field will induce a current in the coil 41 of the second part of the tuned circuit.
- This current is used to power the processes in the character 4, as mentioned below, and to generate a further magnetic field in the coil 41.
- This further magnetic field interacts with the field generated by the coil 31, and as a result, changing the magnetic field generated by the coil 41 results in a change in the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit.
- the magnitude of a magnetic field follows the inverse square law and decreases proportionally to the square of the distance from the source. Accordingly, if the first and second parts 29, 40 of the tuned circuit are not sufficiently close, the current generated in the coil 41 will be insufficent to power the character circuitry and the system will not function.
- the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit is slightly different from that of the carrier or drive signal. Accordingly, the circuit will oscillate at the frequency of the drive signal with a phase offset to that of the drive signal such that the comparator 32 will detect a phase difference between the two. Following conversion of this phase difference by the converter 34 to a PWM signal, the state output by the comparator 32 will be detected by the microprocessor 20. The microprocessor 20 will then momentarily inhibit generation of the carrier frequency to allow the slave unit within the character to reset following which the carrier frequency is restarted. On re-start, power will be coupled from the reader to the Tag via the tuned circuit and will be rectified by the rectifying circuit 45 so as to generate a 5V supply.
- the alternating signal generated by the tuned circuit will also be fed to the divider 46 from which the clock is obtained causing data to be clocked out of the serial ROM 48. Since the data is clocked out of the serial ROM 48 at half the clock rate, each data bit applied to the exclusive-OR gate 49 will remain applied while the other input of the exclusive-OR gate 49 receives two clock signals of complementary value. Thus, the output of the exclusive-OR gate 49 will be two bits either "01" if the data bit on the input 50 is a "0" or "10" if the data bit on the line 50 is a "1".
- the output from the exclusive-OR gate 49 is fed to the gate of the FET 44 with a value of "1" turning the gate on and a value of "0" turning the gate off.
- the capacitor 43 When the gate is turned on, the capacitor 43 will be effectively inserted into the tuned circuit thus decreasing its resonant frequency F R1 slightly below the frequency of the drive signal F d , as shown in Figure 6a.
- Figure 7a which shows the drive signal F d and the oscillation frequency F 0 , the tuned circuit will oscillate at the frequency of the drive signal with a phase lag compared to that of the drive signal.
- the comparator 32 detects this phase lag and determines that the data transferred from the character 4 is a binary "1".
- the gate of the FET 44 will remain open and the tuned circuit maintains its normal resonant frequency F R0 , slightly more than that of the drive signal F d , as shown in Figure 6b. Accordingly, as shown in Figure 7b, which shows the drive signal F d and the oscillation frequency F 0 , the tuned circuit will oscillate at the frequency of the drive signal with a phase advance compared to that of the drive signal. The comparator 32 detects this phase advance and determines that the data transferred from the character 4 is a binary "0".
- the oscillation frequency of the tuned circuit will thus vary in phase relative to the input carrier from the amplifier 28, depending upon its resonant frequency, the difference in phase between the two conditions (binary “1" and binary “0” from the exclusive-OR gate 49) being typically about 30°.
- the response of the microprocessor 20 to the signal from the converter 34 will depend upon the type of information being transmitted.
- the serial ROM 48 will contain header information which is initially downloaded to the microprocessor 20 and this will define the type of data which is to follow, for example programme data, display data, audio data or the like.
- the microprocessor 20 responds to the header information by processing the following data as appropriate.
- the microprocessor 20 will decompress the data and then apply appropriate control signals to the speaker 7 which will generate an audio message.
- the microprocessor 20 will decompress that data and convert it into suitable control signals (for example R, G, B signals) which are then applied to the display 8 which typically comprises a monitor.
- suitable control signals for example R, G, B signals
- the microprocessor 20 will generate from it suitable control signals which are fed to the actuator 22.
- the actuator 22 may be. connected to an arm or signal or the like.
- the data may be at least temporarily stored.
- the pieces could simply be cards or other objects incorporating slave units.
- the recessed portion 3 on surface 2 might take a different form to accommodate the cards.
- the base unit 2A has no recess, the Tag Reader part 6A being positioned under the surface of the base unit.
- the reader and Tag could be distanced apart, for example by up to 2cm.
- the game could involve a ball and goal, a slave unit incorporated in the ball and a master unit in or adjacent to the goal.
- data is transmitted to the master unit which will thus detect a goal scored and optionally generate relevant information obtained from the slave unit store.
- the master unit could also include its own data which is used to control one or more of the output devices either separately from or with data from the slave unit.
- any suitable tuned circuit that allows inductive coupling between the master unit and the character 4 could be used.
- An alternative example of such a circuit is shown in Figure 5.
- This apparatus is similar to that of Figure 2, with the first part 29 of the tuned circuit replaced by an alternative first part 129 of a tuned circuit.
- the first part 129 comprises a 25 turn inductor 131 coupled to the comparator 32 and the output of the amplifier 28.
- a capacitor 130 is coupled from the connection between the inductor 131 and the comparator 32 to ground, for optimising the resonant frequency of the first part 129 of the tuned circuit.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB1996/002975 WO1997023060A1 (en) | 1995-12-15 | 1996-12-02 | Apparatus for bidirectional data and unidirectional power transmission between master and slave units using inductive coupling |
WOPCT/GB96/02975 | 1996-12-02 | ||
PCT/GB1997/003318 WO1998024527A2 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Data communication apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1012998A2 true EP1012998A2 (de) | 2000-06-28 |
Family
ID=10788661
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97947159A Withdrawn EP1012998A2 (de) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Anordnung für bidirektionale data- und unidirektionale leistungsübertragung zwischen master und slave einheiten mit induktiver kopplung |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1012998A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001505333A (de) |
AR (1) | AR010325A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU721599B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2273489A1 (de) |
NZ (1) | NZ335735A (de) |
PE (1) | PE9599A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998024527A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE60024321T2 (de) | 1999-12-10 | 2006-08-17 | Sensopad Ltd., Harston | Mensch/maschine-schnittstelle |
US7086111B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2006-08-08 | Braun Gmbh | Electric dental cleaning device |
AU2001258277B2 (en) | 2001-03-14 | 2006-11-16 | Braun Gmbh | Method and device for cleaning teeth |
DE10159395B4 (de) | 2001-12-04 | 2010-11-11 | Braun Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Zahnreinigung |
EP1393533B1 (de) | 2001-05-14 | 2008-11-05 | Innovision Research & Technology PLC | Elektrische einrichtungen |
FR2832645B1 (fr) * | 2001-11-29 | 2006-09-01 | Berchet Groupe Soc | Plateforme ludique et educative pour enfants |
US7680691B2 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2010-03-16 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Inventory management system using RFID |
GB2416710B (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2009-02-11 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Physical representational objects with digital memory and methods of manufacture and use thereof |
US7883420B2 (en) | 2005-09-12 | 2011-02-08 | Mattel, Inc. | Video game systems |
DK2550937T3 (da) | 2011-07-25 | 2014-05-19 | Braun Gmbh | Magnetforbindelse mellem et tandbørstehåndtag og et børstehoved |
CN103703668B (zh) | 2011-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 博朗有限公司 | 线性电动聚合物马达和具有所述线性电动聚合物马达的装置 |
DK2550938T3 (da) | 2011-07-25 | 2015-04-07 | Braun Gmbh | Mundhygiejneanordning |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES8607594A1 (es) * | 1983-12-06 | 1986-05-16 | Mars Inc | Un dispositivo de comunicacion con una ficha de almacenamiento de datos |
US5184001A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1993-02-02 | L'etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministre Des Postes, Des Telecommunications Et De L'espace (Centre National D'etudes Des Telecommunications) | System for remote information interchange between a portable object and a station |
DE3912497A1 (de) * | 1989-04-15 | 1990-10-18 | Daimler Benz Ag | Gleichzeitige energie- und datenrueckuebertragung ueber lose transformatorische kupplung |
US5190285A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-03-02 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Electronic game having intelligent game pieces |
-
1997
- 1997-12-02 EP EP97947159A patent/EP1012998A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-12-02 AU AU52309/98A patent/AU721599B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-12-02 PE PE1997001085A patent/PE9599A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-12-02 NZ NZ335735A patent/NZ335735A/xx unknown
- 1997-12-02 JP JP52534198A patent/JP2001505333A/ja active Pending
- 1997-12-02 WO PCT/GB1997/003318 patent/WO1998024527A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-12-02 CA CA002273489A patent/CA2273489A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-12-02 AR ARP970105653A patent/AR010325A1/es unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9824527A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU721599B2 (en) | 2000-07-06 |
NZ335735A (en) | 2000-03-27 |
AR010325A1 (es) | 2000-06-07 |
JP2001505333A (ja) | 2001-04-17 |
AU5230998A (en) | 1998-06-29 |
PE9599A1 (es) | 1999-02-06 |
WO1998024527A2 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
CA2273489A1 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
WO1998024527A3 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
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