EP1010001A1 - Method and device for demonstrating a concentration of a fluid ice mixture - Google Patents
Method and device for demonstrating a concentration of a fluid ice mixtureInfo
- Publication number
- EP1010001A1 EP1010001A1 EP98952514A EP98952514A EP1010001A1 EP 1010001 A1 EP1010001 A1 EP 1010001A1 EP 98952514 A EP98952514 A EP 98952514A EP 98952514 A EP98952514 A EP 98952514A EP 1010001 A1 EP1010001 A1 EP 1010001A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ice
- fluid
- heat exchanger
- concentration
- binary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for determining the concentration of a liquid ice mixture.
- Liquid ice mixtures consist of suspensions or mixtures of ice crystals or pieces of ice in liquid (hereinafter referred to as "binary ice fluid"). Such two-phase fluids are used for cold transport, cold storage and cold use. With these fluids, it is important to have a precise knowledge of the ice concentration in order to maintain and / or determine all process parameters in the plants in which these liquid ice mixtures are used. The exact determination of the ice concentration in a binary ice fluid is difficult. The determination of the ice concentration by measuring the electrical conductivity, as is known from DE 43 25 793 C2, is not very precise and cannot be applied to any liquid. Viscosity measurements are difficult - if at all - to be carried out. The pressure drop over a specified distance is also not a suitable signal, since the viscosity of the liquid is based on the temperature, quantity and quality of additives.
- the reason for using a binary ice fluid is the latent energy (enthalpy of fusion) of the ice contained in the fluid. This enables the reduction of pipe cross sections, the reduction of pump energy, the reduction of energy storage and the reduction of heat exchanger surfaces.
- the latent energy of binary ice cannot be determined with temperature sensors, since the temperature of the binary ice in the melting area does not (or hardly changes). A different type of ice concentration determination is therefore necessary.
- ice concentration of binary ice is determined according to the "calorimetric" method.
- a volume of the binary ice is weighed and its temperature is determined.
- a second volume of sufficiently warm fluids is weighed and its temperature is determined. Then you mix both volumes and can use the mixing temperature to calculate the ice concentration if the mixture no longer contains ice.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for determining the concentration of a liquid ice, which is attached to a pipeline and can determine the concentration at least at short intervals. According to the invention, this is achieved by a method with the features of claim 1 or 2 and by a device with the features of claim 3.
- the proposed method and the suitable device allow the ice concentration to be determined automatically, continuously or discontinuously. It is possible to determine the ice concentration of binary ice in storage tanks and pipelines.
- a method for determining the ice concentration in a binary ice fluid in which a partial stream is first coupled out of the flow to be measured or the storage volume, and this outcoupling stream is introduced into a heat exchanger while measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures, where heating of the Fluid flow and a further return to the heat exchanger when again measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of the return flow, the ice concentration is determined mathematically.
- Fig. 1 shows the cal atic structure of a device for ice concentration determination on a pipe
- Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the device of Fig. 1 on a storage container.
- the pipeline 10 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a device 12 for withdrawing a partial stream which discharges it into a pipeline 14.
- a temperature sensor 15 on the pipe 14 measures the temperature of the binary ice.
- the binary ice is then melted in a heat exchanger 16, the heat transferred in the heat exchanger 16 having to be large enough to completely melt the ice.
- Another temperature sensor 20 is provided on the pipeline at the outlet from the heat exchanger.
- the fluid then enters a second heat exchanger 22 in which it is further heated by an external heat source.
- This heat source can e.g. B., as shown in Fig. 1, be a further water cycle in which heated water enters (reference numeral 24) and exits again heated (reference numeral 26).
- the outcoupled partial flow is thereby warmed up from a temperature measured by the temperature sensor 20 to a higher temperature, which is measured by a further temperature sensor 28 before it re-enters the heat exchanger 16.
- the fluid in turn loses heat in the heat exchanger and exits at a lower temperature at a location 30.
- the outcoupled partial flow can now be returned to the main flow via a device 32 and mixed with the binary ice.
- the heated binary ice fluid is cooled in the heat exchanger 16, the binary ice ice flowing in the opposite direction being fluid melts (or warms), ie the enthalpy difference of the binary ice fluid flows between points A and B and C and D are the same, although different from the sign.
- the ice concentration is calculated using the following equation:
- x E (tc - t D - t B + t A ) • (cp fluid / h ice )
- a discontinuous measurement can be used if a continuous measurement would disturb the energy balance too much.
- the heat exchanger 22 can be heated both by heated fluid (for example water, possibly cooling water of the condenser of the refrigerator) or also electrically.
- heated fluid for example water, possibly cooling water of the condenser of the refrigerator
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and device for demonstrating a concentration of a fluid ice mixture (fluid binary ice), comprising the following steps: decoupling a partial current of the fluid, which is then fed into a heat exchanger (16) in which it is heated up to total fusion, while measuring the inlet temperature (tA) and the outlet temperature (tB); further heating the fluid current by an external source of heat and returning the partial current through the heat exchanger (16), while measuring again the inlet temperature (tC) and the outlet temperature (tD); and computing the gas concentration based on the equation Xice = (tC - tD - tB + tA) x (cpfluid / hice), where cpfluid is the heat capacity and hice is the fusion enthalpy of the binary ice.
Description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Konzentration eines Flüssigeisge isches Method and device for determining the concentration of a liquid ice
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Konzentration eines Flüssigeisgemisches.The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the concentration of a liquid ice mixture.
Flüssigeisgemische bestehen aus Suspensionen oder Mischungen von Eiskristallen oder Eisstückchen in Flüssigkeit (im weiteren als "Binäreisfluid" bezeichnet). Solche zweiphasige Fluide dienen zum Kältetransport, zur Kältespeicherung und zur Kältenutzung. Bei diesen Fluiden ist die genaue Kenntnis der Eiskonzentration zur Einhaltung und/oder Bestimmung aller Verfahrensparameter in den Anlagen, in denen diese Flüssigeisgemische benutzt werden, wichtig. Die genaue Bestimmung der Eiskonzentration in einem Binäreisfluid ist schwierig. Die Ermittlung der Eiskonzentration durch Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit, wie sie aus der DE 43 25 793 C2 bekannt ist, ist nicht sehr genau und nicht auf jede Flüssigkeit anwendbar. Viskositätsmessungen sind - wenn überhaupt - schwierig durchzuführen. Auch der Druckabfall über eine festgelegte Entfernung ist kein geeignetes Signal, da die Viskosität der Flüssigkeit auf der Temperatur, Menge und Qualität von Zusatzstoffen beruht.Liquid ice mixtures consist of suspensions or mixtures of ice crystals or pieces of ice in liquid (hereinafter referred to as "binary ice fluid"). Such two-phase fluids are used for cold transport, cold storage and cold use. With these fluids, it is important to have a precise knowledge of the ice concentration in order to maintain and / or determine all process parameters in the plants in which these liquid ice mixtures are used. The exact determination of the ice concentration in a binary ice fluid is difficult. The determination of the ice concentration by measuring the electrical conductivity, as is known from DE 43 25 793 C2, is not very precise and cannot be applied to any liquid. Viscosity measurements are difficult - if at all - to be carried out. The pressure drop over a specified distance is also not a suitable signal, since the viscosity of the liquid is based on the temperature, quantity and quality of additives.
Grund für die Anwendung eines Binäreisfluids ist die im Fluid enthaltene latente Energie (Schmelzenthalpie) des Eises. Diese ermöglicht die Reduzierung von Rohrleitungsquerschnitten, die Verringerung von Pumpenergie,
die Verkleinerung von Energiespeichern sowie die Verringerung von Wärmeaustauscherflächen.The reason for using a binary ice fluid is the latent energy (enthalpy of fusion) of the ice contained in the fluid. This enables the reduction of pipe cross sections, the reduction of pump energy, the reduction of energy storage and the reduction of heat exchanger surfaces.
Die Latentenergie von Binäreis kann nicht mit Temperaturfühlern bestimmt werden, da sich die Temperatur des Binäreises im Schmelzgebiet nicht (oder kaum) ändert. Daher wird eine andere Art der Eiskonzentrationsbestimmung notwendig.The latent energy of binary ice cannot be determined with temperature sensors, since the temperature of the binary ice in the melting area does not (or hardly changes). A different type of ice concentration determination is therefore necessary.
Üblicherweise bestimmt man die Eiskonzentration von Binäreis nach der "kalorimetrischen" Methode. Hierbei wird ein Volumen des Binäreises gewogen und dessen Temperatur bestimmt. Ein zweites Volumen hinreichend warmen Fluids (auch zum Beispiel Wassers) wird gewogen und dessen Temperatur bestimmt. Danach mischt man beide Volumina und kann anhand der Mischungstemperatur auf die Eiskonzentration zurückrechnen, sofern die Mischung kein Eis mehr enthält.Usually the ice concentration of binary ice is determined according to the "calorimetric" method. A volume of the binary ice is weighed and its temperature is determined. A second volume of sufficiently warm fluids (including water, for example) is weighed and its temperature is determined. Then you mix both volumes and can use the mixing temperature to calculate the ice concentration if the mixture no longer contains ice.
Diese Methode ist jedoch diskontinuierlich, zeitaufwendig und eigentlich nur für eine manuelle Auswertung im Labormaßstab geeignet.However, this method is discontinuous, time-consuming and is actually only suitable for manual evaluation on a laboratory scale.
Aus der DE 43 25 794 Cl ist es bekannt, die Eiskonzentration in einem Flüssigeisgemisch durch Messen des von diesem ausgeübten Drucks zu ermitteln.From DE 43 25 794 Cl it is known to determine the ice concentration in a liquid ice mixture by measuring the pressure exerted by it.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Konzentration eines Flüssigeisge isches zu schaffen, das an einer Rohrleitung angesetzt, die Konzentration wenigstens in kurzen Abständen bestimmen kann.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruch 1 oder 2 und durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 3 gelöst.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for determining the concentration of a liquid ice, which is attached to a pipeline and can determine the concentration at least at short intervals. According to the invention, this is achieved by a method with the features of claim 1 or 2 and by a device with the features of claim 3.
Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren und die dazu geeignete Vorrichtung lassen es zu, die Eiskonzentration automatisch sowie kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich zu bestimmen. Dabei ist es möglich, die Eiskonzentration von Binäreis in Speichern und Rohrleitungen zu bestimmen.The proposed method and the suitable device allow the ice concentration to be determined automatically, continuously or discontinuously. It is possible to determine the ice concentration of binary ice in storage tanks and pipelines.
Dabei wird ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Eiskonzentration in einem Binäreisfluid verwandt, bei dem zunächst ein Teilstrom aus dem zu messendem Fluß oder dem Speichervolumen ausgekoppelt wird, und dieser Auskopplungsstrom in einen Wärmetauscher bei gleichzeitiger Messung der Ein- und Austrittstemperaturen eingeführt wird, wo durch Erwärmung des Fluidstromes und einer weiteren Rückführung in den Wärmetauscher bei wiederum Messung der Ein- und Austrittstemperaturen des Rückführungsstroms die Eiskonzentration mathematisch ermittelt wird.A method for determining the ice concentration in a binary ice fluid is used, in which a partial stream is first coupled out of the flow to be measured or the storage volume, and this outcoupling stream is introduced into a heat exchanger while measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures, where heating of the Fluid flow and a further return to the heat exchanger when again measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of the return flow, the ice concentration is determined mathematically.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus nachfolgender Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung. Dabei zeigt:Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment with reference to the attached drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1 den sche atischen Aufbau einer Vorrichtung zur Eiskonzentrationsbestimmung an einer Rohrleitung, undFig. 1 shows the cal atic structure of a device for ice concentration determination on a pipe, and
Fig. 2 die Anordnung der Vorrichtung von Fig. 1 an einem Speicherbehälter.
Die in der Fig. 1 dargestellte Rohrleitung 10 ist mit einer Einrichtung 12 zur Entnahme eines Teilstroms versehen, der diesen in eine Rohrleitung 14 ausbringt. Ein Temperaturfühler 15 an der Rohrleitung 14 mißt die Temperatur des Binäreises. In einem Wärmetauscher 16 wird das Binäreis daraufhin aufgeschmolzen wobei die im Wärmetauscher 16 übertragene Wärme groß genug sein muß, um das Eis völlig aufzuschmelzen. An der Ausleitung 18 ist daraufhin eisfreies Fluid vorhanden, dessen Temperatur gleich oder größer als die Temperatur am Eintritt in den Wärmetauscher 16 ist.Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the device of Fig. 1 on a storage container. The pipeline 10 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a device 12 for withdrawing a partial stream which discharges it into a pipeline 14. A temperature sensor 15 on the pipe 14 measures the temperature of the binary ice. The binary ice is then melted in a heat exchanger 16, the heat transferred in the heat exchanger 16 having to be large enough to completely melt the ice. There is then ice-free fluid at the outlet 18, the temperature of which is equal to or greater than the temperature at the entry into the heat exchanger 16.
Ein weiterer Temperaturfühler 20 ist an der Rohrleitung am Austritt aus dem Wärmetauscher vorgesehen.Another temperature sensor 20 is provided on the pipeline at the outlet from the heat exchanger.
Das Fluid tritt sodann in einen zweiten Wärmetauscher 22 ein, in dem es durch eine externe Wärmequelle weiter erwärmt wird. Diese Wärmequelle kann z. B., wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, ein weiterer Wasserkreislauf sein, bei dem Wasser erwärmt eintritt (Bezugszeichen 24) und entwärmt wieder austritt (Bezugszeichen 26) .The fluid then enters a second heat exchanger 22 in which it is further heated by an external heat source. This heat source can e.g. B., as shown in Fig. 1, be a further water cycle in which heated water enters (reference numeral 24) and exits again heated (reference numeral 26).
Der ausgekoppelte Teilstrom wird dadurch von einer Temperatur, die von dem Temperaturfühler 20 gemessen wurde, auf eine höhere Temperatur aufgewärmt, die von einem weiteren Temperaturfühler 28 vor einem Wiedereintritt in den Wärmetauscher 16 gemessen wird. Im Wärmetauscher verliert das Fluid wiederum Wärme und tritt mit einer geringeren Temperatur an einem Ort 30 aus. Der ausgekoppelte Teilstrom kann nun wieder über eine Einrichtung 32 in den Hauptstrom zurückgeführt werden und sich mit dem Binäreis vermischen.The outcoupled partial flow is thereby warmed up from a temperature measured by the temperature sensor 20 to a higher temperature, which is measured by a further temperature sensor 28 before it re-enters the heat exchanger 16. The fluid in turn loses heat in the heat exchanger and exits at a lower temperature at a location 30. The outcoupled partial flow can now be returned to the main flow via a device 32 and mixed with the binary ice.
Im Wärmetauscher 16 wird das erwärmte Binäreisfluid abgekühlt, wobei es das gegenläufig strömende Binäreis-
fluid schmilzt (bzw. erwärmt) , d. h. die Enthalpiedifferenz der Binäreisfluidströme zwischen den Punkten A und B und C und D sind gleich, obschon vom Vorzeichen verschieden.The heated binary ice fluid is cooled in the heat exchanger 16, the binary ice ice flowing in the opposite direction being fluid melts (or warms), ie the enthalpy difference of the binary ice fluid flows between points A and B and C and D are the same, although different from the sign.
Da der Binäreismassenstrom in der Meßapparatur unverändert bleibt, ist es möglich, anhand der vier gemessenen Temperaturen die Eiskonzentrationen des Binäreises zu bestimmen. Eine Volumen- oder Massenstrommessung ist dabei unnötig.Since the binary ice mass flow in the measuring apparatus remains unchanged, it is possible to determine the ice concentrations of the binary ice on the basis of the four measured temperatures. A volume or mass flow measurement is unnecessary.
Die Eiskonzentration errechnet sich hierbei nach folgender Gleichung:The ice concentration is calculated using the following equation:
x Eis = (tc - tD - tB + tA) • (cpFluid / hEis) Dabei sind: x E is = (tc - t D - t B + t A ) • (cp fluid / h ice ) where:
XEls die Eiskonzentration tc die Temperatur an der Stelle C tD die Temperatur an der Stelle D tB die Temperatur an der Stelle B tA die Temperatur an der Stelle A c Fiuid spezifische Wärmekapazität desX Els the ice concentration t c the temperature at point C t D the temperature at point D t B the temperature at point B t A the temperature at point A c F iui d specific heat capacity of the
Binäreisfluids hEjs die Schmelzenthalpie des Binäreises.Binary ice fluids h Ejs the enthalpy of fusion of the binary ice.
Bei großen Rohrleitungen oder bei Eisspeichern ist eine kontinuierliche Entnahme eines kleinen Binäreismassen- stroms zur Eiskonzentrationsbesti mung möglich, wenn die durch die Messung auftretene Energiezufuhr verhältnismäßig klein ist und die Energiebilanz nicht nachhaltig stört.In the case of large pipelines or ice storage facilities, it is possible to draw a small binary ice mass flow continuously to determine the ice concentration if the energy supply caused by the measurement is relatively small and the energy balance is not disturbed in the long term.
Bei kleinen Rohrleitungen oder Speichern 34 kann man auf eine diskontinuierliche Messung ausweichen, wenn
eine kontinuierliche Messung den Energiehaushalt zu sehr stören würde.In the case of small pipelines or storage tanks 34, a discontinuous measurement can be used if a continuous measurement would disturb the energy balance too much.
Die Beheizung des Wärmeaustauschers 22 kann sowohl durch erwärmtes Fluid (z. B. Wasser, ggf. Kühlwasser des Kondensators der Kältemaschine) oder auch elektrisch erfolgen.
The heat exchanger 22 can be heated both by heated fluid (for example water, possibly cooling water of the condenser of the refrigerator) or also electrically.
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Eiskonzentration in einem Flüssigeisgemisch (Binäreisfluid) , gekennzeichnet durch1. A method for determining the ice concentration in a liquid ice mixture (binary ice fluid), characterized by
Auskoppeln eines Teilstrom des Fluids und Einführen und Erwärmen des Teilstroms in einen Wärmetauscher (16) bis zum vollständigen Aufschmelzen unter Messen der Eintrittstemperatur tA und der Austrittstemperatur tB,Decoupling a partial flow of the fluid and introducing and heating the partial flow into a heat exchanger (16) until complete melting while measuring the inlet temperature t A and the outlet temperature t B ,
weiteres Erwärmen des Fluidstromes des Fluids durch eine externe Wärmequelle und Rückführen des Teilstroms durch den Wärmetauscher (16) unter Messen der Eintrittstemperatur tc und der Austrittstemperatur tD des rückgeführten Teilstroms, undfurther heating the fluid flow of the fluid through an external heat source and returning the partial flow through the heat exchanger (16) while measuring the inlet temperature t c and the outlet temperature t D of the returned partial flow, and
Berechnen der Eiskonzentration nach der GleichungCalculate the ice concentration according to the equation
Xεis = (tc - D - tB + tA) • (cpFlu5d / hEl s) , wobeiXεi s = (t c - D - t B + t A ) • (cp Flu5d / h El s ), where
cPpiuid ^ie spezifische Wärmekapazität des Binäreisfluids und c Ppi u i d ^ ie specific heat capacity of the binary ice fluid and
hEis die Schmelzenthalpie des Binareises sind.
h ice are the melting enthalpy of binary ice .
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufschmelzen des Eises in einem zweiten Wärmetauscher (22) erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting of the ice takes place in a second heat exchanger (22).
3. Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Eiskonzentration in einem Flussigeisgemisch (Binäreisfluid) , gekennzeichnet durch3. Device for determining the ice concentration in a liquid ice mixture (binary ice fluid), characterized by
eine Einrichtung (12) zum Auskoppeln eines Teilstroms des Binäreisfluids,a device (12) for decoupling a partial stream of the binary ice fluid,
einen ersten Wärmetauscher (16) , durch den der Teilstrom hindurchgeführt wird,a first heat exchanger (16) through which the partial flow is passed,
einen zweiten Wärmetauscher (22) , in dem der durch den ersten Wärmetauscher (16) unter vollständigem Aufschmelzen geführte Teilstrom weiter aufgewärmt und sodann durch den ersten Wärmetauscher (16) rückgeführt wird, unda second heat exchanger (22) in which the partial flow passed through the first heat exchanger (16) with complete melting is further warmed up and then returned through the first heat exchanger (16), and
an den vier Ein- und Austrittsstellen des ersten Wärmetauschers (16) angeordnete Temperaturfühler (15, 20, 28, 30).
Temperature sensors (15, 20, 28, 30) arranged at the four entry and exit points of the first heat exchanger (16).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19737983 | 1997-08-30 | ||
| DE19737983A DE19737983C2 (en) | 1997-08-30 | 1997-08-30 | Method and device for determining the concentration of a liquid ice mixture |
| PCT/DE1998/002522 WO1999012023A1 (en) | 1997-08-30 | 1998-08-27 | Method and device for demonstrating a concentration of a fluid ice mixture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1010001A1 true EP1010001A1 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
Family
ID=7840737
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98952514A Withdrawn EP1010001A1 (en) | 1997-08-30 | 1998-08-27 | Method and device for demonstrating a concentration of a fluid ice mixture |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6190036B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1010001A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001515207A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20010023378A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2302318A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19737983C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999012023A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA987740B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19948908C2 (en) * | 1999-10-11 | 2001-10-04 | Siemens Ag | Method for determining the alcohol concentration in fuel cells and a fuel cell system suitable for carrying it out |
| DE10210991A1 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-10-16 | Joachim Paul | Winter sports hall operation for snow-covered sloping floors specifies incoming air temperature and humidity and proposes incoming air mix with outside air and cooled by crushed snow input. |
| CN100439906C (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2008-12-03 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cylindrical calorimeter based on fluidic heat exchange of fluids |
| US20080285616A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-11-20 | Espec Corp. | System for testing the durability of objects under thermally hard circumstances |
| RU2720399C1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-04-29 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) | Method of measuring parameters of a liquid-liquid phase transition |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3221541A (en) * | 1961-12-20 | 1965-12-07 | Entroputers Inc | Method of and apparatus for accurately and instantaneously determining the ratio of the constituents of a vapor-liquid-solid mixture or a mixture of any two of the components thereof |
| SE329025B (en) * | 1968-03-20 | 1970-09-28 | Lkb Produkter Ab | |
| DE2811945C3 (en) * | 1978-03-18 | 1982-01-14 | Kali-Chemie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Analyzer |
| JPH0466854A (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-03-03 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Measuring method of ice content in ice-containing fluid supply system and apparatus used therefor |
| JPH04357446A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-12-10 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for measuring ice making amount used in ice heat accumulator |
| JPH04366731A (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1992-12-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Level detection device for ice heat storage tank |
| US5386718A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1995-02-07 | Marathon Oil Company | Method for fluid analysis |
| DE4325793C2 (en) * | 1993-07-31 | 1997-07-17 | Integral Technologie Gmbh | Method for measuring an ice concentration and device for carrying out the method |
| DE4325794C1 (en) * | 1993-07-31 | 1994-10-06 | Integral Technologie Gmbh | Method for measuring ice concentration |
| US5980102A (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 1999-11-09 | Columbia Gas Of Ohio | Method for measuring physical characteristics in a pipeline without tapping |
-
1997
- 1997-08-30 DE DE19737983A patent/DE19737983C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-08-26 ZA ZA987740A patent/ZA987740B/en unknown
- 1998-08-27 WO PCT/DE1998/002522 patent/WO1999012023A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-27 CA CA002302318A patent/CA2302318A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-27 EP EP98952514A patent/EP1010001A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-08-27 US US09/424,752 patent/US6190036B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-27 KR KR1020007002018A patent/KR20010023378A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-08-27 JP JP2000508975A patent/JP2001515207A/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9912023A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6190036B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 |
| WO1999012023A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
| KR20010023378A (en) | 2001-03-26 |
| CA2302318A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
| JP2001515207A (en) | 2001-09-18 |
| DE19737983A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
| DE19737983C2 (en) | 1999-08-12 |
| ZA987740B (en) | 1999-01-19 |
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