EP1008749B1 - Axialkolbenmaschine - Google Patents
Axialkolbenmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1008749B1 EP1008749B1 EP99124140A EP99124140A EP1008749B1 EP 1008749 B1 EP1008749 B1 EP 1008749B1 EP 99124140 A EP99124140 A EP 99124140A EP 99124140 A EP99124140 A EP 99124140A EP 1008749 B1 EP1008749 B1 EP 1008749B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- cylinder drum
- control body
- axial piston
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2007—Arrangements for pressing the cylinder barrel against the valve plate, e.g. by fluid pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to an improvement in a Axial piston machine in swash plate construction after the The preamble of claim 1 for improving the system of Cylinder drum on the control body.
- An axial piston machine in swash plate design is for example from the DE 196 45 580 C1.
- resulting axial piston machine is one in the Cylinder drum centrically arranged spiral spring provided, which is about a in the cylinder drum used ring is supported on the cylinder drum and over several pins acting on a retraction ball.
- the Treatment ball exercises over a retraction plate one Hold-down force on the sliding shoes, over which support the pistons on the swashplate.
- the spiral spring therefore has two functions: First, the sliding shoes held down on the swash plate and on the other is the Cylinder drum on the opposite side to a Control body held in plant.
- Federandschsysteme for pressing the sliding shoes against the Swash plate on the one hand and the cylinder drum against the Control body on the other hand with a plurality of springs are from the DE-OS 21 30 514 and DE-OS 19 45 434, although in principle known, however, to solve the above problem not suitable.
- DE-OS 21 30 514 is proposed, in addition to the usual, between the cylinder drum and the with the Retraction ball connected pins clamped first spring a bearing on a bearing second spring be provided on the retraction ball and thus on the Sliding shoes exerted holding force increased without the Pressing force of the cylinder drum against the control body to influence.
- An axial piston machine in bent axis design is for example from the DE 196 53 165 C1.
- axial piston machine in Schrägachsenbauweise it is common for the cylinder drum through to press a coil spring in one in the Cylinder drum inserted center pin is integrated. In principle, this also occurs above described problem, namely that on the Cylinder drum applied pressure force only linear with the Abhebeweg the cylinder drum of the control body increases, which has proved to be inadequate in practice. Further No stop is provided, the Abhebeweg the Cylinder drum limited.
- US 3,382,793 A is an axial piston machine of at the beginning specified type in swash plate construction with a rotatably mounted shaft, wherein a Plural piston in cylinder bores of a cylinder drum axially displaceably mounted and by means of Sliding shoes are supported on a swash plate and by a retraction device on the swash plate are held.
- the retraction device consists of a Retracting disc, which on a hollow spherical section-shaped Support saddle is mounted, being between the support saddle and the cylinder drum several distributed on the circumference arranged first springs are arranged in the for Support saddle towards open spring holes in the Cylinder drum are arranged and at the same time the Cylinder drum against the control body and the sliding shoes bias against the swash plate.
- a second spring in the form of a helical spring In an annular gap between the cylinder drum in a through hole passing shaft and the cylinder drum is located a second spring in the form of a helical spring, the Swash plate facing away from a shoulder surface the cylinder drum is supported and the cylinder drum biased against a control body and whose the Swashplate facing end on a shoulder surface of the Shaft is supported.
- the invention is based on the object Axial piston machine to create in which the Andschreibung the cylinder drum is improved against the control body.
- the task is in an axial piston in Swash plate design by the characterizing features of claim 1 in conjunction with the generic Characteristics solved.
- the invention is based on the knowledge on the Cylinder drum next to the usual first spring one second spring with a progressive spring characteristic act to let that on the cylinder drum in the direction on the control body exerted spring force with the Displacement of the cylinder drum against the control body disproportionately increases.
- pressure peaks occur is in the inventive training only one slight lifting of the cylinder drum of the Control body, due to the self-adjusting leakage gap leads to a reduction of the pressure peaks, to a small extent tolerated.
- the corresponding Claim 3 in its flattened block position a stop for limiting the axial displacement of Cylinder drum can form relative to the control body.
- the Plate spring can according to claim 4 at a Axial piston machine in swash plate design between a Projection of the shaft and a projection of the cylinder drum be clamped.
- the substantially linear spring characteristic of the first spring with the progressive one Spring characteristic of the second spring to a resulting Superimpose spring characteristic which is in the range of a small Displacement of the cylinder drum relative to the control body a substantially linear characteristic and in the field a larger displacement of the cylinder drum opposite the control body has a progressive characteristic.
- Fig. 1 shows an axial section through an in Swash plate design trained axial piston machine. 1 according to the prior art.
- Fig. 1 shows an axial section through an in Swash plate design trained axial piston machine. 1 according to the prior art.
- a housing 2 In a housing 2 is a shaft 3 on two rolling bearings 4 and 5 rotatably mounted. About a wedge / groove connection 6 is a Cylinder drum 7 with the shaft 3 rotatably but axially slidably connected. In the cylinder drum 7 are a plurality of cylinders 8 designed as cylinder bores provided, in which piston 9 are axially displaceable. The Pistons 9 are supported by sliding shoes 10 at one Swash plate 11 from.
- the cylinders 8 are over Connection openings 12 with control openings 13 and 14 of a in the embodiment disc-shaped Control body 15 connected.
- the control body 15 is used with its control ports 13 and 14 for cyclically connecting the cylinder 8 with pressure lines, not shown, and is a pin 16 at one with the housing. 2 connected terminal block 17 against rotation.
- the shaft 3 is opposite the housing 2 via a seal 18 sealed.
- the sliding blocks are 10th from a retraction plate 19, which is located on a Retraction ball 20 is supported.
- a trained as a spiral spring first (in the prior art only) spring 21 is in one centric cavity 22 between the shaft 3 and the Cylinder drum 7 is arranged and between the Cylinder drum 7 on the one hand and from the retraction plate 19 and the retraction ball 20 existing retraction device 19, 21 on the other hand clamped.
- One second end 25 of the first spring 21 is supported by a Ring 26 at several peripherally distributed pins arranged 27, which abut the retraction ball 20.
- Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a further developed axial piston machine according to the invention partially sectional view in the area of the control body 15. Elements already described are with matching Provided with reference numerals, so that in this respect a repetitive description is unnecessary.
- the special feature of the invention is that in addition to the already described first spring 21 a on the Cylinder drum 7 additionally acting second spring 30th is provided, which between a projection 31 of the shaft. 3 and a projection 32 of the cylinder drum 7 clamped is.
- the second spring 30 is in the embodiment as an annular Belleville spring trained in the direction of the Control body 15 is concavely curved.
- the as a plate spring trained second spring 30 allows up to her flattened block position starting from in Fig. 2nd illustrated basic position a maximum axial Displacement of the cylinder drum 7 relative to the Control body 15, which is marked in Fig. 2 with a.
- the second spring 30 is a progressive Spring characteristic has such that the second spring 30th on the cylinder drum 7 in the direction of the control body 15 spring force applied with the spring travel, the second Spring 30 against a displacement of the cylinder drum 7 against the control body 15 experiences disproportionately increases. This ensures that at a low Lifting the cylinder drum 7 from the control body 15 the cylinder drum 7 initially still comparatively low restoring force is exercised. This will be a forming very narrow leakage gap between the Cylinder drum 7 and the control body 15 tolerated, so that in the cylinders 8 building pressure peaks on this Leak gap to the cylinder drum 7 surrounding leakage space 35 escape. This leads to a rapid reduction of unwanted pressure peaks.
- the progressive spring characteristic of the second spring 30 is formed by the constant shortening of the lever arm in the Force introduction into the trained as a plate spring second Spring 30 due to the rolling of the plate spring on the ring 33 and the Seeger ring 34. If the deformation of the Belleville spring formed second spring 30 of her approaching flattened block position, so takes from the second spring 30 applied force drastically, so that the flattened block position practically unsurmountable is. As a result, the second spring 30 forms an effective one End stop, which is the maximum axial displacement a of Cylinder drum 7 limited.
- FIG. 3 shows a better understanding of the invention Section in the area III in Fig. 2 in an enlarged Representation, with elements already described here are denoted by matching reference numerals.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the invention Training in an axial piston 1 in Bent axis construction.
- Fig. 4 first a Axial piston machine 1 according to the prior art in Schrägachsenbauweise shown, while based on Fig. 5, which represents a section in the region X in Fig. 4, the inventive modification is described.
- Fig. 4 and 5 are components associated with components of FIGS. 1 to 3 are comparable, with matching reference numerals provided to facilitate the assignment.
- the shaft 3 has a Triebwellenflansch 40, with which one in a Cylinder drum 7 centrally inserted center pin 42nd is pivotally connected via a ball joint 41.
- a Cylinder drum 7 In the Cylinder drum 7 are a plurality of cylinders 8 forming Cylinder bores formed in which piston 9 axially are displaceable.
- the pistons 9 are connected to ball joints 43 hinged to the drive shaft flange 40.
- the housing 2 is closed by a terminal block 17, in which the connections for the not shown Pressure lines are located.
- a lens-shaped trained control body 15 in which control openings 44th cyclic for connecting the pressure lines via Connection openings 12 are provided with the cylinders 8.
- the control body 15 is by means of a bolt 45 on the Terminal block 17 locked. By the bolt 45, the Cylinder drum 7 and the center pin 42 extends Lubrication channel for hydrostatic discharge and lubrication both the ball joint 41 and the rolling bearing 4 and 5 via a lubrication hole 46.
- a bore 47 of the center pin 42 is a formed as a spiral spring first (in the prior art only) spring 21, the cylinder drum 7 against the Control body 15 biases.
- FIG. 5 shows the region X in FIG. 4 enlarged below simultaneous display of the invention Feature. Already described elements are with provided matching reference numerals.
- the development of the invention consists in one on the Cylinder drum 7 additionally acting, second spring 30th with a progressive spring characteristic such that the the second spring 30 on the cylinder drum 7 in the direction on the control body 15 exerted spring force with the Spring travel, the second spring 30 at a shift of the Cylinder drum 7 contrary to the control body 15 learns disproportionately increases.
- the second spring 30th designed as a plate spring. The plate spring is between an end face 50 of the center pin 42 and a Bottom body 52, in a center pin 42 receiving Central bore 51 is inserted, clamped.
- the second spring 30 also directly between the center pin 42 and the bottom 53 of the Central bore 51 to be clamped.
- the bottom body 52 has a central Passage opening 54 for the lubrication channel and a step 55, in which a spring plate 56 is inserted, at which the first spring 21 is supported.
- the spring plate 56 has also a central bore 57 for the lubrication channel.
- the configuration according to the invention corresponding to that shown in FIG. 5 illustrated embodiment allows only one maximum displacement a of the cylinder drum 7 to the Step surface 58 of the bottom body 52 with the interposition of the second spring 30 or the end face 59 directly to the End face 50 of the center pin 42 abuts.
- Fig. 6 illustrates for a better understanding of the invention in a diagram which results from the superposition of the spring characteristic of the first spring 21 with the spring characteristic of the second spring 30 spring characteristic.
- the spring characteristic of the first spring 21 is at least approximately linear, while the spring characteristic of the second spring 30 is progressive.
- the linear characteristic of the first spring 21 dominates, so that the spring force F exerted by the springs 21 and 30 as a result of the cylinder barrel 7 increases substantially linearly with the displacement x of the cylinder barrel 7.
- the progressive characteristic of the second spring 30 dominates and the spring force F transmitted by the springs 21 and 30 as a result of the cylinder drum 7 increases disproportionately with increasing displacement x.
- the invention is not limited to those shown Embodiments limited.
- the second spring 30 not only from a plate spring but from formed a plurality of stacked disc springs become.
- the first spring 21 may by one or more Disc springs are replaced, but then in their linear range are operated.
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Schnitt durch eine Axialkolbenmaschine in Schrägscheibenbauweise gemäß dem Stand der Technik;
- Fig. 2
- eine auszugsweise Schnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Axialkolbenmaschine;
- Fig. 3
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung im Bereich III in Fig. 2 entsprechend einem gegenüber Fig. 2 etwas abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiel;
- Fig. 4
- einen Schnitt durch eine Axialkolbenmaschine in Schrägachsenbauweise gemäß dem Stand der Technik;
- Fig. 5
- einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 4 im Bereich X mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung; und
- Fig. 6
- ein Diagramm zur Erläuterung der erfindungsgemäßen Federkennlinie.
Claims (5)
- Axialkolbenmaschine (1) in Schrägscheibenbauweise mit einer drehbar gelagerten Welle (3),
einer an der Welle (3) angeordneten Zylindertrommel (7), in welcher Kolben (9) in Zylindern (8) verschiebbar sind, die sich über Gleitschuhe (10) an einer Schrägscheibe (11) abstützen,
einer an den Gleitschuhen (10) angreifenden Rückzugeinrichtung (19, 20),
einem Steuerkörper (15) zum zyklischen Verbinden der Zylinder (8) mit Druckleitungen,
einer zwischen der Zylindertrommel (7) und der Rückzugeinrichtung (19, 20) eingespannten ersten Feder (21), um gleichzeitig die Zylindertrommel (7) gegen den Steuerkörper (15) und die Gleitschuhe (10) gegen die Schrägscheibe (11) vorzuspannen,
und einer auf die Zylindertrommel (7) zusätzlich einwirkenden zweiten Feder (30) mit einer progressiven Federkennlinie derart, daß die von der zweiten Feder (30) auf die Zylindertrommel (7) in Richtung auf den Steuerkörper (15) ausgeübte Federkraft mit dem Federweg, den die zweite Feder (30) bei einer Verschiebung der Zylindertrommel (7) entgegen den Steuerkörper (15) erfährt, zunimmt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von der zweiten Feder (30) auf die Zylindertrommel (7) in Richtung auf den Steuerkörper (15) ausgeübte Federkraft mit dem Federweg, den die zweite Feder (30) bei einer Verschiebung der Zylindertrommel (7) entgegen den Steuerkörper (15) erfährt, überproportional zunimmt. - Axialkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei der zweiten Feder (30) um eine Tellerfeder handelt. - Axialkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tellerfeder in ihrer flachgedrückten Blockstellung einen Anschlag für die axiale Verschiebung der Zylindertrommel (7) gegenüber dem Steuerkörper (15) bildet. - Axialkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die als Tellerfeder ausgebildete zweite Feder (30) zwischen einem Vorsprung (32) der Welle (3) und einem Vorsprung (31) der Zylindertrommel (7) eingespannt ist. - Axialkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorsprünge (31, 32) radial überlappen und unter Zwischenlage der flachgedrückten Tellerfeder einen Anschlag für die axiale Verschiebung der Zylindertrommel (7) gegenüber dem Steuerkörper (15) bilden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19857082 | 1998-12-10 | ||
DE19857082A DE19857082A1 (de) | 1998-12-10 | 1998-12-10 | Axialkolbenmaschine |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1008749A2 EP1008749A2 (de) | 2000-06-14 |
EP1008749A3 EP1008749A3 (de) | 2000-12-06 |
EP1008749B1 true EP1008749B1 (de) | 2005-03-02 |
Family
ID=7890671
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99124140A Expired - Lifetime EP1008749B1 (de) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-02 | Axialkolbenmaschine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1008749B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19857082A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010054044A1 (de) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | System mit Gleitschuhen und Kolben für eine Axialkolbenmaschine |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3292553A (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1966-12-20 | Sunstrand Corp | Piston return mechanism |
US3382793A (en) * | 1965-08-09 | 1968-05-14 | Sundstrand Corp | Axial piston hydraulic unit |
DE6609071U (de) * | 1967-07-13 | 1972-02-10 | Linde Ag | Axialkolbenmaschine mit umlaufender zylindertrommel. |
DE1945434A1 (de) * | 1969-09-08 | 1971-03-11 | Linde Ag | Axialkolbenmaschine |
DE2130514A1 (de) * | 1971-06-19 | 1972-12-21 | Linde Ag | Axialkolbenmaschine mit Federn,welche eine Zylindertrommel und eine Andrueckplatte gegen die jeweiligen Gegenbauteile druecken |
DE2459083C2 (de) * | 1974-12-13 | 1983-11-17 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Axialkolbenmaschine |
US5247794A (en) * | 1990-09-11 | 1993-09-28 | Sundstrand Corporation | Cylinder block positive hold-down for cold start-up |
DE19645580C1 (de) * | 1996-11-05 | 1998-04-02 | Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh | Axialkolbenmaschine mit Dämpfungselement für die Schräg- oder Taumelscheibe |
DE19653165C2 (de) * | 1996-12-19 | 2002-04-25 | Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh | Verstelleinrichtung zur Verstellung des Fördervolumens einer Axialkolbenpumpe |
-
1998
- 1998-12-10 DE DE19857082A patent/DE19857082A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-12-02 EP EP99124140A patent/EP1008749B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-02 DE DE59911692T patent/DE59911692D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19857082A1 (de) | 2000-06-21 |
EP1008749A2 (de) | 2000-06-14 |
EP1008749A3 (de) | 2000-12-06 |
DE59911692D1 (de) | 2005-04-07 |
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