EP1008740B1 - A circuit device for driving inductive loads - Google Patents

A circuit device for driving inductive loads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1008740B1
EP1008740B1 EP99124311A EP99124311A EP1008740B1 EP 1008740 B1 EP1008740 B1 EP 1008740B1 EP 99124311 A EP99124311 A EP 99124311A EP 99124311 A EP99124311 A EP 99124311A EP 1008740 B1 EP1008740 B1 EP 1008740B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
current
circuit
supply
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99124311A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1008740A1 (en
Inventor
Stefano Cardelli
Andrea Nepote
Paola Redivo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli Europe SpA
Original Assignee
Magneti Marelli Powertrain SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magneti Marelli Powertrain SpA filed Critical Magneti Marelli Powertrain SpA
Publication of EP1008740A1 publication Critical patent/EP1008740A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1008740B1 publication Critical patent/EP1008740B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/2003—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening
    • F02D2041/2006—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening by using a boost capacitor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
    • F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • H01F7/1816—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current making use of an energy accumulator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a circuit device for driving inductive loads, of the type defined in the preamble to Claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a circuit device for driving fuel injectors for an internal combustion engine or even for the electromagnetic driving of the valves of such an engine.
  • This precision can be achieved by rapid actuation of the injector or of the valve, for which it is necessary for the voltages available to be sufficiently higher than the battery voltage available at present in most vehicles (12 volts). It is also necessary to use a circuit which ensures rapid recirculation and possibly recovery of the discharge current typical of an inductive load, thus limiting dissipation towards an earth conductor.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for driving inductive loads having the characteristics recited in the appended claims.
  • this device may advantageously comprise a voltage-boosting circuit for increasing the battery voltage, when it is not adequate (12 volt motor-vehicle battery), to a driving voltage of predetermined value which is independent of the number of loads to be driven and which is always available to permit repeated actuations of the same load in rapid succession.
  • filtering means are also advantageously provided for eliminating electrical and electromagnetic interference which is produced in operation and which is conducted towards the supply or radiated outwardly, respectively.
  • the circuit described has, at its input, a voltage booster 10 connected directly to a battery 12.
  • the voltage V AL at the terminals of the battery 12 is raised to a predetermined value V B at an output node B of the booster circuit 10.
  • a first circuit branch B 1 drives injectors I1 and I4; a second circuit branch B 2 drives injectors I2 and I3.
  • Each circuit branch comprises a current-regulator module and a filtering circuit, generally indicated as a modulation block 14.
  • the input of this block is connected directly to the node B and its output is connected to a node A of the branch; a first terminal of each corresponding injector coil is connected directly to the node A.
  • the current-regulator module comprises a switch Q1, also formed as a MOSFET transistor, connected to the node B by means of its drain electrode, and to the filtering circuit by means of its source electrode.
  • the filtering circuit is represented by a conventional LC circuit arranged in series between the source electrode of the transistor Q1 and the node A.
  • a first diode D x connects the earth conductor to the inductor of the LC filter at the source electrode of the transistor Q1, for the recirculation of the current in the filter during the periods of time in which Q1 is cut off.
  • a second diode D y is connected between the node A and a node at the potential V B in order to limit to this value the voltage which can be reached by the node A in operation.
  • the device also comprises a recirculation network associated with the injector coils for taking away the transient discharge current which is generated in each coil every time the supply thereto is interrupted by the cutting-off of the transistor Q1 or the corresponding selection transistor Q2n.
  • This recirculation network comprises, for each circuit branch, a first recirculation diode D1 of which the anode is kept at the earth potential and the cathode is connected to the node A, and hence to the first terminal of each inductive load of the branch.
  • the common node C is connected to the node B by means of a Zener diode D z .
  • the input booster circuit 10 is formed in accordance with a known configuration. It has at its input a supply capacitor C AL which is charged by the battery via a supply diode D AL .
  • An inductor L b is arranged in series downstream of the supply capacitor and is connected to earth via a switch Q b .
  • a diode D b arranged in series with the inductor L b connects the latter to two storage capacitors C b (C b1 and C b2 ) the positive electrodes of which are connected directly to the output node B and have the predetermined voltage value V B , relative to the earth conductor.
  • the voltage booster 10 keeps the voltage V B substantially constant, recharging the storage capacitors when the voltage at their terminals falls below the predetermined value V B .
  • a control unit (ECU) associated with the device detects the voltage present at the node B and drives the switch Q b accordingly. If the voltage V B is greater than the predetermined value, the transistor Q b is cut off and the storage capacitors are discharged progressively, supplying current to the injector coils. When the voltage V B detected falls below the predetermined value, the control unit turns the transistor Q b on, drawing current from the battery through the diode D AL and the inductor L b towards the earth, charging the inductor. The control unit also monitors the current flowing in the transistor Q b and, when this reaches a predetermined intensity, causes Q b to be cut off again, so that the inductor L b is discharged towards the storage capacitors which are consequently recharged. The control unit then repeats the cycle when it again detects that the voltage V B is below the predetermined value.
  • Each injector is actuated by the driving of the transistor Q1 belonging to the circuit branch to which the coil of the injector in question is connected, and of the transistor Q2n corresponding to that coil, by means of the same control unit.
  • the coil of the injector I1 is selected by turning the corresponding selection transistor Q21 on.
  • the intensity of the current conveyed through I1 is regulated by the driving of the transistor Q1 of the branch B 1 , by means of pulse-width modulated enabling signals (PWM).
  • PWM pulse-width modulated enabling signals
  • the voltage which is established at the node A during the periods of time in which the transistor Q1 is conductive is substantially the voltage V B minus the potential drop in the transistor Q1. This voltage is limited to a maximum value V B by the connection of the node A to this reference voltage by means of the diode D y .
  • the LC filter disposed upstream of the wiring for connection to the injectors limits the slope of the voltage fronts between the node A and earth and eliminates the undesired high-frequency components of the corresponding electric field radiated.
  • the particular circuit configuration of the voltage booster 10 (and, in particular, the presence of the inductor L b ) also acts as a filter towards the battery for filtering the current oscillations which are produced as a result of the switching of each of the transistors Q1 and Q b .
  • an inductance is advantageously provided in series between the battery and each circuit branch as a filter for the current oscillations towards the battery.
  • the current from the injector is recirculated through a path constituted by D1, I1 and Q21.
  • the selection transistor Q21 is also cut off and recirculation takes place through a path constituted by D1, I1, D21 and D z , towards the storage capacitors C b .
  • a suitable Zener diode it is possible to bring the voltage at the node C, which is given by the sum of the reference voltage V B and of the voltage drop in D z , to a preferred voltage as large as desired, to permit rapid discharge of the injector coil.
  • Zener diode to the node B rather than to the earth conductor permits the use of a Zener diode which has a smaller voltage drop at its terminals and hence lesser dissipation problems, and enables some of the energy coming from the injector coils to be recovered by conveying their recirculation current towards the storage capacitors C b .
  • each circuit branch is connected to the battery 12 by means of a voltage-regulator circuit 20 which operates as a current regulator with bi-directional switching to enable the battery also to be recharged.
  • the circuit 20 comprises an inductor L b arranged in series with the battery, a storage capacitor C b the positive electrode of which is connected to the output node B and has the predetermined voltage value V B relative to the earth conductor, and transistors Q b1 and Q b2 disposed downstream of the inductor L b and connected, respectively to the positive electrode of the capacitor C b and to earth.
  • the parasitic diodes D b1 and D b2 between the drain and source electrodes of the transistors are indicated in the drawing.
  • the circuit 20 behaves in the same manner as the voltage-booster circuit 10 of Figure 1, the transistor Q b1 , which is turned on, corresponding to the diode D b .
  • the control unit recognizes this condition by detecting the voltage present at the node B and drives both of the transistors appropriately so as to allow the storage capacitor to release current towards the battery, which is recharged.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
EP99124311A 1998-12-09 1999-12-06 A circuit device for driving inductive loads Expired - Lifetime EP1008740B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO981028 1998-12-09
IT1998TO001028A IT1303596B1 (it) 1998-12-09 1998-12-09 Dispositivo circuitale di pilotaggio di carichi induttivi.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1008740A1 EP1008740A1 (en) 2000-06-14
EP1008740B1 true EP1008740B1 (en) 2004-01-28

Family

ID=11417232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99124311A Expired - Lifetime EP1008740B1 (en) 1998-12-09 1999-12-06 A circuit device for driving inductive loads

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1008740B1 (it)
DE (1) DE69914445T2 (it)
ES (1) ES2210950T3 (it)
IT (1) IT1303596B1 (it)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4794768B2 (ja) * 2001-08-02 2011-10-19 株式会社ミクニ ソレノイド駆動装置
EP2546499B1 (en) * 2011-07-14 2020-04-15 Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg S.A. Electrical drive arrangement for a fuel injection system
JP7111053B2 (ja) * 2019-04-22 2022-08-02 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射弁駆動装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4862866A (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-09-05 Marelli Autronica S.P.A. Circuit for the piloting of inductive loads, particularly for operating the electro-injectors of a diesel-cycle internal combustion engine
FR2667357A1 (fr) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-03 Renault Dispositif de commande d'injecteurs de combustible dans un moteur a combustion interne.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO981028A0 (it) 1998-12-09
IT1303596B1 (it) 2000-11-14
EP1008740A1 (en) 2000-06-14
ES2210950T3 (es) 2004-07-01
DE69914445T2 (de) 2004-07-22
DE69914445D1 (de) 2004-03-04
ITTO981028A1 (it) 2000-06-09

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