EP1007307A1 - Agents de demoulage aqueux pour beton - Google Patents

Agents de demoulage aqueux pour beton

Info

Publication number
EP1007307A1
EP1007307A1 EP98934901A EP98934901A EP1007307A1 EP 1007307 A1 EP1007307 A1 EP 1007307A1 EP 98934901 A EP98934901 A EP 98934901A EP 98934901 A EP98934901 A EP 98934901A EP 1007307 A1 EP1007307 A1 EP 1007307A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contain
composition according
fatty acid
unsaturated
concrete
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98934901A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Horst-Werner Wollenweber
Hans-Georg Mainx
Hans-Jürgen SLADEK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Personal Care and Nutrition GmbH
Original Assignee
Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1007307A1 publication Critical patent/EP1007307A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/38—Treating surfaces of moulds, cores, or mandrels to prevent sticking
    • B28B7/384—Treating agents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to aqueous concrete release agents based on selected oil bodies and emulsifiers, a process for their preparation and the use of the mixtures of selected oil bodies and emulsifiers for the production of aqueous concrete release agents.
  • Release agents for concrete formwork and molds are e.g. from the corresponding guideline of the main committee "Concrete Technology of the German Concrete Association eV, Wiesbaden (1980) as well as from H.Reul, Handbuch Whyemie, Publishing House for Former Industry, Ziolkovows AG, Augsburg, 1991, pp. 319f. You are applied to the formwork before the fresh concrete is poured in and are intended to reduce the adhesion between the concrete and formwork when stripping, and to prevent damage to the concrete surface and formwork, thereby increasing the number of technically possible uses of the formwork material.
  • the release agents generally contain an oil component, as well as various additives, for example rust inhibitors, antioxidants, antipore agents, preservatives, wetting agents, spreading agents and emulsifiers.
  • oil component for example mineral oils or white oils, waxes, triglycerides based on vegetable or animal oils or fats or fat derivatives.
  • emulsifiers such as soaps, ethoxylated fatty acids and ethoxylated alkylphenols or petroleum sulfonates in amounts of about 10 to 30% by weight, based on the oil component.
  • the release agents are supplied to the point of use not as an emulsion, but in the form of a concentrate which, B. is diluted immediately before use.
  • the release agents used today have various disadvantages.
  • Mineral oils or white oils are insufficiently biodegradable as an oil component.
  • Triglycerides on a native basis, for example beet oil are readily biodegradable, but they have relatively high viscosities which are unfavorable for use.
  • saponification of the oil by alkaline components of the concrete can lead to the precipitation of calcium soaps, which can cause sanding, which can cause adhesion problems when the concrete is further processed.
  • Fatty acid esters show similar behavior.
  • the oil component used here is 80 to 90% by weight of mineral oil, to which 4 to 10% by weight of a mixture of saturated and unsaturated wax esters with 32 to 36 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols with 24 to 32 carbon atoms and hydrocarbon is added.
  • the wax esters present in the mixture can also saponify and thereby trigger the adhesion problems described above.
  • European patent application EP-A 0 561 465 discloses mold release agents which contain esters of sterically hindered, polyfunctional alcohols as mandatory components.
  • British patent application GB-A 1 294 038 relates to a process for the production of concrete release agents in which monofunctional alcohols are used in combination with cationic surfactants.
  • the emulsifiers used for the production of aqueous emulsions are also not without problems in terms of application technology. Until now, relatively large amounts of emulsifier had to be used to prepare the emulsions, but this has a negative effect on the rain resistance of the release agents. In addition, if the emulsifier content is high, re-emulsification can take place at the interface with the alkaline cement, with part of the release agent penetrating into the surface of the concrete. These residues of release agent can later lead to the problems already mentioned with the adhesion of paints or plasters.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide concrete release agents with improved ecological compatibility, which are notable for high saponification stability and form stable, liquid emulsions even at low temperatures.
  • the viscosity of the emulsions must also be so low that they can be sprayed without problems.
  • uniform wetting combined with good adhesion to a wide variety of formwork materials must be guaranteed.
  • the invention relates to aqueous concrete release agents containing (a) unsaturated fatty alcohols and (b) ethoxylated and optionally propoxylated fatty acid esters, the fatty acid component being selected from branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 5 to 30 carbon atoms and the alcohol component being selected from branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated monoalcohols with 1 to 5 carbon atoms and polyols with 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the agents according to the invention have an improved rheology and storage stability compared to the prior art, especially in the range of low temperatures.
  • the preparations are saponification-stable, free of shipping, show a strong network effect and also adhere to a wide variety of formwork materials.
  • Another advantage is that the new agents are ecologically harmless and can therefore be classified in water hazard class 0
  • unsaturated fatty alcohols which preferably follow the formula (I) are used as the oil component (a),
  • R represents a completely or predominantly unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms.
  • Typical examples are palmoleyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol and erucyl alcohol as well as their technical mixtures, such as those obtained in the high pressure hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl ester fractions to obtain the double bonds.
  • Typical methyl ester mixtures which are suitable as starting materials for the production of the unsaturated fatty alcohols are those which are derived from beef tallow, old and new breed sunflower oil, old and new breed beet oil, linseed oil, peanut oil and the like.
  • methyl esters based on predominantly saturated fats and oils, such as palm oil, palm kernel oil and / or coconut oil, can also be used, provided that the products are subsequently concentrated accordingly, as described, for example, in documents DE-C2 43 38 974, DE-Al 43 35 781, DE-Al 44 25 180 and DE-Cl 44 22 858 (Henkel) is described.
  • the agents usually contain unsaturated fatty alcohols which have an iodine number in the range from 40 to 200, preferably 50 to 150 and in particular 70 to 100.
  • the unsaturated fatty alcohols are generally present in amounts of 10 to 50, preferably 20 to 40% by weight, based on the composition.
  • the agents according to the invention contain alkoxylated fatty acid esters as second component (b).
  • These fatty acid ester alkoxylates are known compounds which are described, for example, in US 2,678,935, US 3,539,518, US 4,022,808 or GB 1,050,497, the disclosure of which is also part of the present application.
  • the alkoxylated fatty acid esters can be prepared by all methods known to the person skilled in the art, for example by esterification of fatty acids with alkoxylated methanol, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,539,518.
  • this procedure is common with some Disadvantages connected, it runs in two stages, the esterification takes a very long time and the products are colored by the high reaction temperatures.
  • fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylates produced in this way have relatively high OH numbers after the esterification, which can be problematic for some applications.
  • Another possibility is the direct reaction of fatty acid esters with alkylene oxides in the presence of transition metal catalysts, as described in US Pat. No. 4,022,808.
  • the fatty acid alkyl ester alkoxylates are preferably prepared by heterogeneously catalyzed direct alkoxylation of fatty acid alkyl esters with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide on calcined or hydrophobized hydrotalcites.
  • This synthesis method is described in detail in the laid-open publications WO 90/13533 and WO 91/15441, the disclosure of which is also part of the present application.
  • the resulting products are characterized by a low OH number, the reaction is carried out in one step and light-colored products are obtained.
  • the fatty acid alkyl esters used as starting materials can be obtained from natural oils and fats or produced synthetically.
  • the fatty acid esters contained in the agents according to the invention can contain propylene oxide groups in addition to ethylene oxide groups. They preferably contain between 2 and 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of ester. Mixed ethylene oxide / propylene oxide adducts can also be used. In the case of mixed ethylene oxide / propylene oxide adducts, it is possible to use both those compounds which have been reacted with a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and also compounds which have been reacted with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in two separate steps. If esters containing propylene oxide are used, those compounds are preferred which contain between 1 and 10 moles of propylene oxide per mole of ester.
  • the agents according to the invention preferably contain esters which have only been reacted with ethylene oxide.
  • Fatty acids with 5 to 30 carbon atoms of natural or synthetic origin are used as the fatty acid component, in particular straight-chain, saturated or unsaturated Fatty acids, including technical mixtures thereof, which are obtainable by splitting fat from animal and vegetable fats and oils, for example from coconut oil, palm kernel oil, soybean oil, soybean flower oil, rape oil, cottonseed oil, fish oil, beef tallow and lard; specific examples are cyano, caprin, lauric, laurolein, myristic, myristole, palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, elaidic, arachin, gadoleic, behenic and erucic acid.
  • Straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated monoalcohols with 1 to 6 carbon atoms e.g. Suitable for methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol and cyclohexanol.
  • polyols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms for example ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, glycerin, polyglycerols, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, neopentyl glycol and hexylene glycol can be used.
  • Alkoxylated fatty acid esters whose fatty acid component is selected from linear, unbranched C, 4 are preferably used in the agents according to the invention.
  • C lg fatty acids and their alcohol component is methanol, the esters containing between 2 and 5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of ester.
  • Such compounds can be obtained, for example, by the reactions of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linolinic or linolenic acid or their esters described above with ethylene oxides.
  • alkoxylated esters in which glycerol is used as the alcohol component and the fatty acid component is selected from saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched fatty acids with 16 to 22 carbon atoms and the esters contain between 3 and 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of ester.
  • Such compounds can be obtained, for example, by reacting glycerol esters of natural fatty acids such as palm, rapeseed or castor oil with ethylene oxide.
  • the ethoxylated and optionally propoxylated esters are contained in the agents in amounts between 0.5 and 10% by weight, preferably in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight, based on the agents.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain minor auxiliaries and additives such as e.g. Contain anti-corrosion agents, antioxidants, antipore agents, preservatives, wetting agents, spreading agents and the like.
  • the proportion of these substances, based on the composition is usually in the range from 1 to 15 and preferably 2 to 10% by weight.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of aqueous concrete release agents, in which an aqueous premix is first prepared from the oil body and the emulsifier with moderate stirring and then subsequently in a manner known per se, for example in an Ultraturrax, a Supraton and / or a high-pressure homogenizer, homogenized into a fine-particle emulsion.
  • the release agents can be applied to the formwork surfaces in pure form or in the form of their emulsion by spraying, spraying, brushing, brushing or brushing.
  • the low-viscosity emulsions are so stable that they can be sprayed without problems.
  • Highly viscous pastes can also be applied with a spatula.
  • Another object of the invention therefore relates to the use of aqueous emulsions (a) unsaturated fatty alcohols and (b) ethoxylated and optionally propoxylated fatty acid esters to reduce the adhesion between concrete and formwork.
  • the viscosity of the emulsions was determined using the Brookfield method in an RVT viscometer (20 ° C., spindle 4, 10 rpm). The stability of the emulsions was assessed after storage for 4 weeks at 0-5 ° C.
  • the performance properties of the emulsions are summarized in Table 1.
  • the mixture R1 is according to the invention, the mixtures R2 to R4 are used for comparison. It can be seen that low-viscosity and cold-stable concrete release agents can only be obtained using the combination of selected oil component and emulsifier according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne de nouveaux agents de démoulage aqueux pour béton contenant des alcools gras insaturés et des esters d'acides gras éthoxylés et éventuellement propoxylés. Ces nouveaux agents se caractérisent pas une grande stabilité à la saponification et se présentent sous forme d'émulsions fluides stables même à basses températures.
EP98934901A 1997-06-05 1998-05-27 Agents de demoulage aqueux pour beton Withdrawn EP1007307A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997123604 DE19723604A1 (de) 1997-06-05 1997-06-05 Wäßrige Betontrennmittel
DE19723604 1997-06-05
PCT/EP1998/003113 WO1998055283A1 (fr) 1997-06-05 1998-05-27 Agents de demoulage aqueux pour beton

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1007307A1 true EP1007307A1 (fr) 2000-06-14

Family

ID=7831502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98934901A Withdrawn EP1007307A1 (fr) 1997-06-05 1998-05-27 Agents de demoulage aqueux pour beton

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1007307A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19723604A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998055283A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3949453B2 (ja) * 2000-02-18 2007-07-25 日本碍子株式会社 セラミックス構造体の製造方法
EP2196296A1 (fr) 2008-12-11 2010-06-16 Rockensüss, Klaus-Dieter Mélange aqueux destiné à l'utilisation dans l'industrie du bois, de la construction et du métal
FR2967688A1 (fr) * 2010-11-18 2012-05-25 Lafarge Sa Composition de demoulage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3354180A (en) * 1962-06-21 1967-11-21 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method for the treatment of forms for molding concrete with wax emulsion release agent
EP0773091A3 (fr) * 1992-03-20 1998-04-01 Unichema Chemie B.V. Composition de démoulage
DE4400272A1 (de) * 1994-01-10 1995-07-13 Henkel Kgaa Betontrennmittel
DE19637841A1 (de) * 1996-09-17 1998-03-26 Henkel Kgaa Wäßrige Betontrennmittel

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9855283A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998055283A1 (fr) 1998-12-10
DE19723604A1 (de) 1998-12-10

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