EP1004755B1 - Production method for rod driven armature in a valve actuator for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Production method for rod driven armature in a valve actuator for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1004755B1
EP1004755B1 EP99121415A EP99121415A EP1004755B1 EP 1004755 B1 EP1004755 B1 EP 1004755B1 EP 99121415 A EP99121415 A EP 99121415A EP 99121415 A EP99121415 A EP 99121415A EP 1004755 B1 EP1004755 B1 EP 1004755B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
production method
armature
tappet
cone pieces
manufactured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99121415A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1004755A3 (en
EP1004755A2 (en
Inventor
Clemens Luchner
Wolfgang Dr. Hundt
Torsten Rech
Albert Hörl-Liegl
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1004755A2 publication Critical patent/EP1004755A2/en
Publication of EP1004755A3 publication Critical patent/EP1004755A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1004755B1 publication Critical patent/EP1004755B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to Manufacturing process for a plunger-guided armature of an actuator for globe valves an internal combustion engine, in which a plunger with a separately trained Anchor made of a soft magnetic iron material is connected to the drive.
  • connection method is disadvantageously complex and requires for example, due to the compliance of the soldering gap, a complex holding device for positioning anchor and shaft to each other. It continues relatively high soldering temperature to make it from a soft magnetic iron material designed anchor loses its magnetic properties, which in an elaborate Heat process are to be restored. Is subject to this heat process the plunger made of an iron material is one in terms of wear resistance unfavorable structural transformation. Finally, due to the relative long exposure to heat the disadvantage of a warpage of both components Oblique or by bending the components, where appropriate, another Post-processing of the anchor may be necessary.
  • the plunger is made of an iron material, which disadvantageously results in a relatively high mass or a large mass inertia results and also the plunger made of an iron material magnetic Interference fields caused.
  • the invention has for its object a manufacturing method for a reduced mass Show plunger-anchor unit.
  • the plunger from one Ceramic material is manufactured with at least one guide section and with a circumferential groove axially spaced from the guide section for positioning longitudinally divided cone pieces is formed, being positioned on the tappet Cone pieces arranged a finished machined anchor with a press fit and at least with the tapered sections of the cone pieces additionally form-fitting or cohesively connected by electron beam welding.
  • the basic idea of the invention is the anchor on the cone pieces located on the shaft to be pressed so that over the conical surfaces designed for self-locking radial clamping of the cone pieces on the ceramic shaft is achieved is, which is advantageously so high that the total of spring and magnetic forces resulting operating forces are transmitted non-positively, the Circumferential groove only serves to position the cone pieces.
  • the additional material or positive connection proposed according to the invention of the anchor with the cone pieces serves to loosen the anchor counteracting the acting alternating forces.
  • the invention is based on a plunger-anchor unit shown in the drawing explained.
  • the plunger-anchor unit is made of a plunger made of a ceramic material 2, which has at least one guide section 3.
  • The will continue Tappet 2 with a circumferential groove axially spaced from the guide sections 3 4 designed for positioning longitudinally divided cone pieces 5.
  • This on the pestle 2 positioned cone pieces 5 serve to fix the finished anchor 1 to be arranged with a press fit. So that the anchor 1 is arranged on the plunger 2 Cone pieces 5 pressed on so that designed for self-locking A radial clamping of the cone pieces on the ceramic tappet 2 is reached, which is so high that the resulting from spring and magnetic forces Operating forces are transmitted non-positively, the circumferential groove 4 only serves to position the cone pieces 5.
  • the anchor 1 at least with the tapered sections 6 of the cone pieces 5 additionally either positively or cohesively by electron beam welding connected.
  • the securing of the armature 1 on the cone pieces 5 can thereby further be increased that the cone pieces 5 at both ends with the anchor 1 material or positive get connected.
  • the plunger 2 Silicon nitride ceramic is manufactured with the advantage that this plunger 2 to the finished size finished can be fed to the manufacturing process.
  • the anchor 1 used in the manufacturing process according to the invention is either from pure iron or from a nickel-iron compound (NiFe) or from a silicon-iron compound (SiFe) or made of a cobalt-iron compound (CoFe), the anchor 1 further finished in its shape and in terms of optimal magnetic properties are heat-treated in the manufacturing process according to the invention is fed.
  • NiFe nickel-iron compound
  • SiFe silicon-iron compound
  • CoFe cobalt-iron compound
  • the two tapered pieces 5 used as ceramic tappets 5 as Extruded parts made from a deformable by upsetting / stamping or for electron beam welding suitable low-alloy carbon steel with C ⁇ 0.4% are made.
  • the anchor 1 becomes a safe, lowest possible heat input welded to the cone pieces 5 by means of an electron beam.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 auf ein Herstellverfahren für einen stößelgeführten Anker eines Aktuators für Hubventile einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei dem ein Stößel mit einem gesondert ausgebildeten Anker aus einem weichmagnetischen Eisenwerkstoff antriebsfest verbunden wird.According to the preamble of claim 1, the invention relates to Manufacturing process for a plunger-guided armature of an actuator for globe valves an internal combustion engine, in which a plunger with a separately trained Anchor made of a soft magnetic iron material is connected to the drive.

Eine bekannte antriebsfeste Verbindung des Ankers mit dem Schaft ist beispielsweise durch Löten erzielt, wie dies der schematischen Darstellung der Zeichnung der Patentanmeldung DE 197 55 271 zu entnehmen istA known drive-resistant connection of the armature to the shaft is, for example achieved by soldering as this is the schematic representation of the drawing can be found in patent application DE 197 55 271

Ein anderes Beispiel Zeigt die japanische Patentanmeldung JP-A-09060512.Another example shows the Japanese patent application JP-A-09,060,512th

Dieses Verbindungs-Verfahren ist in nachteiliger Weise aufwendig und erfordert beispielsweise wegen der Einhaltung des Lötspaltes eine aufwendige Haltevorrichtung zur Positionierung von Anker und Schaft zueinander. Weiter führt die relativ hohe Löt-Temperatur dazu, daß der aus einem weichmagnetischen Eisenwerkstoff gestaltete Anker seine magnetischen Eigenschaften verliert, die in einem aufwendigen Wärmeprozeß wieder herzustellen sind. Bei diesem Wärmeprozeß unterliegt der aus einem Eisenwerkstoff gefertigte Stößel einer bezüglich der Verschleißfestigkeit ungünstigen Gefügeumwandlung. Schließlich ergibt sich aufgrund der relativ langen Wärmeeinwirkung der Nachteil eines Verzuges beider Komponenten durch Schiefstand oder durch Biegen der Bauteile, wobei gegebenenfalls eine weitere Nachbearbeitung des Ankers erforderlich werden kann.This connection method is disadvantageously complex and requires for example, due to the compliance of the soldering gap, a complex holding device for positioning anchor and shaft to each other. It continues relatively high soldering temperature to make it from a soft magnetic iron material designed anchor loses its magnetic properties, which in an elaborate Heat process are to be restored. Is subject to this heat process the plunger made of an iron material is one in terms of wear resistance unfavorable structural transformation. Finally, due to the relative long exposure to heat the disadvantage of a warpage of both components Oblique or by bending the components, where appropriate, another Post-processing of the anchor may be necessary.

Bei der bekannten Anordnung ist der Stößel aus einem Eisenwerkstoff gefertigt, wodurch in nachteiliger Weise sich eine relativ hohe Masse bzw. eine große Massenträgheit ergibt und ferner der aus einem Eisenwerkstoff gefertigte Stößel magnetische Störfelder verursacht.In the known arrangement, the plunger is made of an iron material, which disadvantageously results in a relatively high mass or a large mass inertia results and also the plunger made of an iron material magnetic Interference fields caused.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Herstellverfahren für eine massereduzierte Stößel-Anker-Einheit aufzuzeigen.The invention has for its object a manufacturing method for a reduced mass Show plunger-anchor unit.

Diese Aufgabe ist mit dem Patentanspruch 1 gelöst, wobei der Stößel aus einem Keramik-Werkstoff mit zumindest einem Führungsabschnitt gefertigt wird und mit einer vom Führungsabschnitt axial beabstandeten Umfangsnut zur Positionierung längsgeteilter Kegelstücke ausgebildet wird, wobei auf den am Stößel positionierten Kegelstücken ein auf Fertigmaß bearbeiteter Anker mit Press-Sitz angeordnet und zumindest mit den verjüngten Abschnitten der Kegelstücke zusätzlich formschlüssig oder durch Elektronenstrahlschweißen stoffschlüssig verbunden wird.This object is achieved with claim 1, the plunger from one Ceramic material is manufactured with at least one guide section and with a circumferential groove axially spaced from the guide section for positioning longitudinally divided cone pieces is formed, being positioned on the tappet Cone pieces arranged a finished machined anchor with a press fit and at least with the tapered sections of the cone pieces additionally form-fitting or cohesively connected by electron beam welding.

Mit der Erfindung ist in vorteilhafter Weise ein serientaugliches Verfahren erzielt, das bei zusätzlicher formschlüssiger Sicherung des Ankers auf den Keilstücken ohne Wärmeeintrag durchführbar ist und somit der Anker weder einem Verzug noch einem Verlust an maximalen weichmagnetischen Eigenschaften unterliegt. Die vorgenannten Vorteile bleiben auch gegeben, wenn zur zusätzlichen Sicherung des Ankers mit den Kegelstücken dieser mittels Elektronenstrahlschweißung mit diesen verbunden wird, weil der damit verbundene Wärmeeintrag bei entsprechender Steuerung der Elektronenstrahlschweißung minimal ist.With the invention, a method suitable for series production is advantageously achieved with additional positive locking of the anchor on the wedge pieces without Heat input is feasible and thus the anchor is neither a delay nor is subject to a loss of maximum soft magnetic properties. The aforementioned There are also advantages if additional securing of the Anchor with the cone pieces of these by means of electron beam welding with them is connected because the associated heat input with the corresponding Control of electron beam welding is minimal.

Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist, den Anker auf die am Schaft befindlichen Kegelstücke so aufzupressen, daß über die auf Selbsthemmung ausgelegten Kegelflächen eine radiale Klemmung der Kegelstücke auf dem Keramikschaft erreicht wird, die vorteilhafterweise so hoch ist, daß die gesamten aus Feder- und Magnetkräften resultierenden Betriebskräfte kraftschlüssig übertragen werden, wobei die Umfangsnut lediglich zur Positionierung der Kegelstücke dient.The basic idea of the invention is the anchor on the cone pieces located on the shaft to be pressed so that over the conical surfaces designed for self-locking radial clamping of the cone pieces on the ceramic shaft is achieved is, which is advantageously so high that the total of spring and magnetic forces resulting operating forces are transmitted non-positively, the Circumferential groove only serves to position the cone pieces.

Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene zusätzliche stoff- oder formschlüssige Verbindung des Ankers mit den Kegelstücken dient dazu, einer Lockerung des Ankers durch die wirkenden Wechselkräfte entgegenzuwirken.The additional material or positive connection proposed according to the invention of the anchor with the cone pieces serves to loosen the anchor counteracting the acting alternating forces.

Mit der Erfindung ist in weiterer vorteilhafter Weise ein geringeres Gewicht der Stößel-Anker-Einheit bzw. eine geringere bewegte Masse erzielt, so daß die Federkräfte des Feder-Masse-Systems verringert werden können und ebenso die Magnetfläche jedes Aktuators, womit Gewicht und Bauraum vorteilhaft reduziert sind. Weiter ist mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellverfahren ein minimaler Schiefstand zwischen Anker und Stößel erreicht, wobei im weiteren die magnetischen Eigenschaften des Ankers voll erhalten sind und durch den Stößel aus einem Keramik-Werkstoff magnetische Störfelder entfallen. Schließlich ist eine prozeßsichere Verbindung bei geringen Herstellkosten erreicht, insbesondere dann, wenn in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung der Stößel aus Silizium-Nitrid-Keramik gefertigt und auf Fertigmaß bearbeitet dem Herstellverfahren zugeführt wird.With the invention is a lower weight in a further advantageous manner Tappet-anchor unit or a lower moving mass achieved so that the spring forces of the spring-mass system can be reduced and so can the Magnetic surface of each actuator, which advantageously reduces weight and installation space are. Furthermore, with the manufacturing method according to the invention, there is minimal skewing reached between armature and plunger, the magnetic properties of the anchor are fully preserved and by the plunger made of a ceramic material magnetic interference fields are eliminated. After all, it is a reliable process Connection achieved at low manufacturing costs, especially if in another Embodiment of the invention of the plunger made of silicon nitride ceramic and machined to finished size is fed to the manufacturing process.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen sind Inhalte der Unteransprüche.Further configurations are the content of the subclaims.

Die Erfindung ist anhand einer in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stößel-Anker-Einheit erläutert.The invention is based on a plunger-anchor unit shown in the drawing explained.

Bei einem Herstellverfahren für einen stößelgeführten Anker 1 eines nicht gezeigten Aktuators für Hubventile einer nicht dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine wird ein Stößel 2 mit einem gesondert ausgebildeten Anker 1 aus einem weichmagnetischen Eisenwerkstoff antriebsfest verbunden.In a manufacturing process for a plunger-guided armature 1 of a not shown Actuator for lift valves of an internal combustion engine, not shown, is turned on Ram 2 with a specially designed armature 1 made of a soft magnetic Iron material connected to drive.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäß verbesserten Herstellverfahren für eine massereduzierte Stößel-Anker-Einheit wird von einem aus einem Keramikwerkstoff gefertigten Stößel 2 ausgegangen, der zumindest einen Führungsabschnitt 3 aufweist. Weiter wird der Stößel 2 mit einer von den Führungsabschnitten 3 axial beabstandeten Umfangsnut 4 zur Positionierung längsgeteilter Kegelstücke 5 ausgebildet. Diese auf dem Stößel 2 positionierten Kegelstücke 5 dienen dazu, den auf Fertigmaß bearbeiteten Anker 1 mit Press-Sitz anzuordnen. Damit wird der Anker 1 auf die am Stößel 2 angeordneten Kegelstücke 5 so aufgepreßt, daß über die auf Selbsthemmung ausgelegten Kegelflächen eine radiale Klemmung der Kegelstücke auf dem Keramik-Stößel 2 erreicht wird, die so hoch ist, daß die aus Feder- und Magnetkräften resultierenden Betriebskräfte kraftschlüssig übertragen werden, wobei die Umfangsnut 4 lediglich zur Positionierung der Kegelstücke 5 dient.In the improved manufacturing method according to the invention for a reduced mass The plunger-anchor unit is made of a plunger made of a ceramic material 2, which has at least one guide section 3. The will continue Tappet 2 with a circumferential groove axially spaced from the guide sections 3 4 designed for positioning longitudinally divided cone pieces 5. This on the pestle 2 positioned cone pieces 5 serve to fix the finished anchor 1 to be arranged with a press fit. So that the anchor 1 is arranged on the plunger 2 Cone pieces 5 pressed on so that designed for self-locking A radial clamping of the cone pieces on the ceramic tappet 2 is reached, which is so high that the resulting from spring and magnetic forces Operating forces are transmitted non-positively, the circumferential groove 4 only serves to position the cone pieces 5.

Um einer Lockerung der Press-Sitz-Verbindung zwischen den Kegelstücken und dem Anker 1 aufgrund dessen wechselnder Kraftbeaufschlagung zu vermeiden, wird der Anker 1 zumindest mit den verjüngten Abschnitten 6 der Kegelstücke 5 zusätzlich entweder formschlüssig oder durch Elektronenstrahlschweißen stoffschlüssig verbunden. Die Sicherung des Ankers 1 an den Kegelstücken 5 kann weiter dadurch gesteigert sein, daß die Kegelstücke 5 beidendig mit dem Anker 1 stoff- oder formschlüssig verbunden werden.To loosen the press-fit connection between the cone pieces and to avoid the anchor 1 due to its changing application of force the anchor 1 at least with the tapered sections 6 of the cone pieces 5 additionally either positively or cohesively by electron beam welding connected. The securing of the armature 1 on the cone pieces 5 can thereby further be increased that the cone pieces 5 at both ends with the anchor 1 material or positive get connected.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird weiter vorgeschlagen, daß der Stößel 2 aus Silizium-Nitrid-Keramik gefertigt wird mit dem Vorteil, daß dieser Stößel 2 auf Fertigmaß endbearbeitet dem Herstellverfahren zugeführt werden kann.In an embodiment of the invention it is further proposed that the plunger 2 Silicon nitride ceramic is manufactured with the advantage that this plunger 2 to the finished size finished can be fed to the manufacturing process.

Der in dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellverfahren verwendete Anker 1 ist entweder aus Reineisen oder aus einer Nickel-Eisen-Verbindung (NiFe) oder aus einer Silizium-Eisen-Verbindung (SiFe) oder aus einer Kobalt-Eisen-Verbindung (CoFe) gefertigt, wobei der Anker 1 ferner auf seine Gestalt endbearbeitet und bezüglich optimaler magnetischer Eigenschaften warmbehandelt dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellverfahren zugeführt wird.The anchor 1 used in the manufacturing process according to the invention is either from pure iron or from a nickel-iron compound (NiFe) or from a silicon-iron compound (SiFe) or made of a cobalt-iron compound (CoFe), the anchor 1 further finished in its shape and in terms of optimal magnetic properties are heat-treated in the manufacturing process according to the invention is fed.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag für das erfindungsgemäße Herstellverfahren ist vorgesehen, daß die je Keramik-Stößel 2 verwendeten beiden Kegelstücke 5 als Fließpressteile aus einem durch Stauchen/Prägen verformbaren oder zum Elektronenstrahlschweißen geeigneten niedrig legierten Kohlenstoffstahl mit C ≤ 0,4 % gefertigt sind.According to a further proposal for the manufacturing method according to the invention provided that the two tapered pieces 5 used as ceramic tappets 5 as Extruded parts made from a deformable by upsetting / stamping or for electron beam welding suitable low-alloy carbon steel with C ≤ 0.4% are made.

Zur Erzielung eines Herstellverfahrens ohne jeglichen, insbesondere für den Anker 1 nachteiligen Wärmeeintrag werden die Kegelstücke 5 an ihren über den Anker 1 jeweils vorstehenden Abschnitten 6 und 6' zur Lage-Sicherung des Ankers 1 gestaucht oder mit gequetscht abstehend geformten Fortsätzen versehen (nicht gezeigt).To achieve a manufacturing process without any, in particular for the anchor 1 disadvantageous heat input, the cone pieces 5 at their on the armature 1st each protruding sections 6 and 6 'compressed to secure the position of the armature 1 or provided with protruding projections (not shown).

Um bei einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung des Ankers 1 mit den Kegelstücken 5 einen ungefährlichen, geringstmöglichen Wärmeeintrag zu haben, wird der Anker 1 mit den Kegelstücken 5 mittels Elektronenstrahl verschweißt.In order to achieve a cohesive connection of the armature 1 with the cone pieces 5 The anchor 1 becomes a safe, lowest possible heat input welded to the cone pieces 5 by means of an electron beam.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellverfahren ist eine prozeßsichere, reproduzierbare Verbindung des Ankers aus einem weichmagnetischen Eisenwerkstoff mit einem Keramik-Stößel 2 bei relativ geringen Herstellkosten erzielt, wobei der Keramik-Stößel 2 auf Fertigmaß bearbeitet mit gefinishten Abschnitten 3 dem Herstellverfahren zugeführt wird.With the manufacturing method according to the invention, a process-reliable, reproducible Connection of the anchor made of a soft magnetic iron material with achieved a ceramic plunger 2 at relatively low manufacturing costs, the ceramic plunger 2 finished to finished size with finished sections 3 the manufacturing process is fed.

Claims (5)

  1. Production method for a tappet-guided armature of an actuator for lift valves of an internal-combustion engine,
    in which a tappet (2) is connected rigidly in terms of drive to a separately constructed armature (1) made of a soft magnetic iron material,
    characterised in that
    the tappet (2) is manufactured from a ceramics material with at least one guide section (3), and
    with a peripheral groove (4) which is axially spaced apart from the guide section (3) for positioning longitudinally separated cone pieces (5), wherein
    an armature (1) processed to finished size is arranged with press fit on the cone pieces (5) positioned at the tappet (2) and is additionally connected in an interlocking manner or with integral fit by electron beam welding at least to the tapered sections (6) of the cone pieces (5).
  2. Production method according to claim 1, characterised in that the tappet (2) is manufactured from silicon nitride ceramics and supplied to the production method processed to finished size.
  3. Production method according to claim 1 and 2, characterised in that the armature (1) is manufactured from pure iron or NiFe or SiFe or CoFe, processed to the final design and supplied to the production method heat-treated with respect to magnetic properties.
  4. Production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the two cone pieces (5) used for each tappet (2) are manufactured as extruded parts from a low-alloy carbon steel with C ≤ 0.4%, which can be formed by compressing/embossing or is suitable for electron beam welding (arrow "A").
  5. Production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the cone pieces (5) can be connected with integral fit or in an interlocking manner to the armature (1) at both ends (6, 6').
EP99121415A 1998-11-25 1999-10-27 Production method for rod driven armature in a valve actuator for internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1004755B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19854377 1998-11-25
DE19854377A DE19854377A1 (en) 1998-11-25 1998-11-25 Manufacturing method for a plunger-guided armature of an actuator for lift valves of an internal combustion engine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1004755A2 EP1004755A2 (en) 2000-05-31
EP1004755A3 EP1004755A3 (en) 2001-05-09
EP1004755B1 true EP1004755B1 (en) 2004-09-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99121415A Expired - Lifetime EP1004755B1 (en) 1998-11-25 1999-10-27 Production method for rod driven armature in a valve actuator for internal combustion engine

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EP (1) EP1004755B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19854377A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19926413C2 (en) * 1999-06-10 2002-12-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Electromagnetic actuator for actuating an internal combustion engine lift valve
JP2002043125A (en) 1999-12-09 2002-02-08 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Electromagnetic actuator and valve opening/closing mechanism for internal combustion engine using the same

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2526651B2 (en) * 1988-12-22 1996-08-21 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Internal combustion engine
JP2772534B2 (en) * 1989-02-20 1998-07-02 株式会社いすゞセラミックス研究所 Electromagnetic valve drive
JP3669644B2 (en) * 1995-08-25 2005-07-13 本田技研工業株式会社 Valve operating device for internal combustion engine
US6031303A (en) * 1997-12-09 2000-02-29 Siemens Automotive Corporation Method of joining a member of soft magnetic material to a member of hardened material using a brazing technique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1004755A3 (en) 2001-05-09
EP1004755A2 (en) 2000-05-31
DE19854377A1 (en) 2000-05-31
DE59910388D1 (en) 2004-10-07

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