EP1004413B1 - Process and installation for producing impregnated wood shavings - Google Patents

Process and installation for producing impregnated wood shavings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1004413B1
EP1004413B1 EP99123048A EP99123048A EP1004413B1 EP 1004413 B1 EP1004413 B1 EP 1004413B1 EP 99123048 A EP99123048 A EP 99123048A EP 99123048 A EP99123048 A EP 99123048A EP 1004413 B1 EP1004413 B1 EP 1004413B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
chips
transport
dried
production machine
impregnating
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EP99123048A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1004413A1 (en
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Hubert Fritz
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27LREMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27GACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G3/00Arrangements for removing bark-zones, chips, waste, or dust, specially designed for use in connection with wood-working machine or in wood-working plants

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing chip material, in the case of a machining manufacturing machine Chips are generated using a transport system transported from the manufacturing machine to a warehouse be the chips after making a preservation treatment be subjected.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
  • the chips sucked out of the manufacturing machine and via a transport system transported to a warehouse, usually by one Silo or the like is formed in which the chips are collected become.
  • This transportation system is proportionate by one elaborate tube system through which the chips are blown be, this by the circulation within the Pipe system further ground and crushed.
  • a process for drying chips is, for example described in DE 27 36 372 A1, here a device for separating large and small chips is integrated.
  • the chips stored in the silo are then undergo a preservation treatment by using a Preservative containing fluid can be moistened and then be dried again. So against putrefaction or similar damaged chips will then be restored temporarily stored and then from the warehouse of a filling machine fed.
  • the disadvantage of the method described above is that, on the one hand, the chips due to the less careful transport be shredded via the tube system and thus an uncontrolled Chip geometry arises, the chips are often too small includes, due to their flowability and density not because of the air pockets and porosity as insulation are more suitable.
  • Another disadvantage of the known method is that the storage costs are relatively high, because the uncompressed chips take up a lot of space and the transport via the blower is relatively energy and is expensive.
  • Chips that are produced on woodworking machines collecting is known from many publications. For example are in a table milling machine according to DE 39 31 141 A1 the chips of a chip collection housing that has a curved air baffle has, collected and forwarded to a suction pipe.
  • wet wood shavings are caused by compressed air blasts blown into a chip discharge duct, and after the DE 43 35 363 A1 falls into the waste wood from panel saws a collecting space that can be placed under vacuum, from which the Chips are removed using a conveyor belt. At the At the end of the conveyor belt, the coarse from the fine Chips or separated from wood dust.
  • the invention therefore has as its object a method for To create chips, which with low manufacturing and storage costs as optimal as possible Provides clip geometry.
  • Another object of the invention is to create a device with which this Procedure is feasible.
  • Chips after generation in a collection point within the Manufacturing machine are blown through from there mechanical means of transport fed to an impregnation station and then packed in a packing station.
  • the further object of the invention is achieved by a device solved for the production of chip material according to claim 18.
  • the process according to the invention now turns the chips gentle from the processing area of the manufacturing machine blown out, now no longer through a tube system be driven, but in a loose network over the Means of transport are fed to the impregnation station. hereby is damage to the chips or further crushing the chips are largely excluded.
  • the chips are spread out and with a Impregnating agent sprayed or otherwise moistened, with spread here both the spread on a flat surface should be understood as well as the volume Spread in an appropriate humidification chamber.
  • the chips After moistening with the impregnating agent, the chips become selected for size and shape, so that on the one hand unsuitable, chips that cannot be used can be sorted out, and for others the chips are separated from each other depending on the intended use can be. For example, for the packaging of Shipments require longer, shock-absorbing chips, while finer shavings for use as insulation in ceilings, which have a higher proportion of wood flour or the like can be used.
  • the chips separated from each other by this selection are then dried and packed in a packaging station.
  • drying can also take place before Selection of the individual chip types can be carried out.
  • the chips in the impregnation station first of all with an impregnating agent sprayed or dried or warmed and afterwards secondly heated / dried and with an impregnating agent be sprayed.
  • the second variant in particular leads to that a liquid impregnating agent, which is called the Chips are sprayed, evaporated on them and in the impregnating agent dissolved substances as a protective layer on the chips remain.
  • the first way is that the impregnation liquid penetrates the chips and also one Depth protection results.
  • chips that according to the proposed method are generated in a corresponding device, but chips can also be treated in the manner described be, that is, be impregnated, for example can be delivered from a silo or warehouse.
  • the chips in the impregnation station first dried or warmed and then sprayed with an impregnating agent.
  • the impregnation agents are selected so that the rotting of the Chips are excluded as far as possible. This is about make sure that in addition to the infestation of fungi, the nesting of Insects or small creatures are not wanted and that The choice of impregnating agent should be coordinated with this.
  • the invention proposed methods of impregnation can both individually and in connection with the previous one presented method for the production of chip material used become.
  • Impregnant whey or basic saponified whey used from European patent 576 940 by the same applicant is the use of whey as a pest respectively Fire retardant known. On this patent At this point, full reference is made.
  • whey as a natural by - product in the Processing milk, results in terms of avoidance chemical wood preservatives is an advantage if possible natural insulation material is to be generated.
  • the impregnation agent used Whey has no fear of additional environmental pollution.
  • the whey is undiluted or to use diluted with water. But it is also cheap that To add whey with bases or substances with a basic effect.
  • a saponifier sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate (soda), potassium carbonate (potash), calcium hydroxide (slaked lime, lime powder), calcium carbonate (limestone), Sodium phosphate or borax, and mixtures thereof used.
  • the chips in or after the impregnation station, before, during or after drying selected according to size and / or shape. It is there possible, for example drying in batches according to certain To perform sizes or shapes of the chips. conveniently, the chips are spread out to be sprayed with to achieve all possible chips with the impregnating agent, whereby then this flat training already selecting the Chips relieved.
  • the chips, before these in the Impregnation station to be impregnated in front of the impregnation station dried or pre-dried or heated become.
  • a additional effect can be achieved. For example, become proportionate processed wet chips, so it is cheaper first to dry them down to a certain degree and only then then start impregnation.
  • the impregnation applied may enclose the residual moisture contained in the wood chip, and the actually desired effect is one Drying of the chip is hindered. This can pre-dry in the impregnation station in a specially upstream Drying program or in a separate drying station, which are also arranged in front of the impregnation station is.
  • the heat treatment or drying of the chips can be carried out in the Interaction with several physical parameters varies be different, depending on the choice of parameters Effects can be achieved with the dried chips. It is for Example provided the temperature for drying the chips from 150 ° C up to the fire limit of the chip material. The Fire limit is defined for the material and lies in the Usually at about 270 "C to 290 ° C. It has been found that shock drying, for example at 250 ° C for 2 to 5 minutes also leads to useful results, with a certain residual moisture remains in the chip because the time within which the hot Air on the chips can only be relatively short and heating up the whole chip, especially if it is is in a layer of chips, is not ensured. Short drying times are of course advantageous in terms of for a short procedure.
  • Impregnation station similar to in a reactor, an ambient pressure (for example, by corresponding atmospheric pressure) exerted on the chips becomes better, for example, the applied impregnating agent to have an effect on the chips.
  • the range is from atmospheric pressure to aforementioned maximum value.
  • Impregnation can also be beneficial of damp or pre-moistened chips, for example with a pre-moistening Introduce impregnating agent into the chips.
  • Drying the chips causes the nutrient media to dry out for fungi and bacteria.
  • this is favorably one Nitrogen atmosphere used.
  • the chips can either by a first fan from the machining area be blown out and then by a second blower be blown into the collection point.
  • a single blower takes place, for example, around the processing unit the manufacturing machine guided is so that it moves the chips out of the tool area and in can drive the collection point into it.
  • a blower can be, for example, a blower, which from the Drying vehicles in car washes is known.
  • Such a double-slot fan can run all around the tool the portal surrounding the manufacturing machine and automatically removes the chips during processing breaks blow out of the machine.
  • the collection point can be, for example, the front area of a mechanical conveyor belt that is the blown chips transported further.
  • the chips can be grouped into lot sizes by storing them in a supply store be stored temporarily after reaching one certain amount is emptied. It is possible that Blower blows the chips directly into this storage, for example in a corner area of the processing room the manufacturing machine, or that the transport device is formed in two parts, with a first transport device the transport of the chips from the collection point in takes over the storage and via a second transport device the combined lot sizes of the chips from the Storage can be fed for further processing.
  • Common conveyor belts or scraper floors can be used as a means of transport used to collect the chips of each Carry out processing.
  • Either the lower one can be the collection point Serve area of the means of transport so that the blower Chips drive directly onto the transport device.
  • a funnel-shaped as a collecting device Container is inserted into which the chips are blown which are then through this funnel onto the means of transport trickle.
  • Appropriate locking means on the The bottom of the funnel can be this funnel-like container can also be used as a storage tank. After all it is possible this funnel-like container or a comparable one Opening directly into the processing unit Forming the surrounding machine manufacturing machine.
  • the chip material is preferred via the transport device summarized in batch sizes, fed to the impregnation station.
  • this impregnation station for example, an advantageous Design swirling the chips in an air stream and be loosened up by being sprayed in Mist an impregnating agent is added to the surface the chips are sufficient after a sufficient processing time wetted. In this way it is possible to remove the chips moisten evenly without being soaked and bake together.
  • drying the chips in a swirl chamber Use a continuous flow of air that mixing and homogeneous distribution at the same time which provides drying heat.
  • the chip material can be fed to the impregnation station are additionally screened to remove those portions that are rather dusty due to their size and not usable are. In this case, the lot size remains exclusively Chips that may or may not have a preferred size are larger.
  • the preferred dimension of the chips is ewa 1.0 x 3.0 cm to 2.0 x 5.0 cm.
  • the chips can be the second transport device from formed at least one vibrating trough with a sieve bottom be during transport to the impregnation station is moved oscillating. This will cause the small parts caused by the bottom of the vibrating tank, which then fall down on an appropriate separator and either other use or disposal can.
  • Splinter-like or too large chips, which are also not desired can also be checked visually before the Impregnation station can be removed. This is preferably done however after the impregnation as part of the further separation different chip sizes.
  • the wood chips After the wood chips have been impregnated, they are preferred further selected and dried. This can be done in a jog room or vibrating tower, the freshly impregnated chips first fall into an upper vibrating tank, in the chips one first size are screened. From this top vibrating tank the chips are propelled, for example, by the shaking movement or also through a funding movement or through a Tilting of the upper vibrating pan after a certain vibrating time conveyed into a second vibrating tank located below. Here chips of a second size are then separated out and the Chips are also conveyed further after this selection. Depending on The degree of fineness of the desired division can be arbitrarily many Vibratory tanks are provided, which are preferably one with the other are arranged.
  • the chips are transported from one vibrating tank to the next To effect conveyor belts or other means of transport. From the The chips can be vibrated on conveyor belts, for example falling down, the shavings so sorted out of a particular one Size packing stations or a disposal in case of Feed committee.
  • other configurations of the method according to the invention can of course also other heaters, for example Infrared heaters or the like are used.
  • the heater as a swirl chamber heater, where the chips to be dried are swirled in warm air and after a certain length of stay either continuously or in batch sizes from the bulb chamber.
  • a swirl chamber heater where the chips to be dried are swirled in warm air and after a certain length of stay either continuously or in batch sizes from the bulb chamber.
  • the vortex chamber Impregnation station can be used.
  • the different types of chips sorted manually by size or preferred fed to a packaging device within which the Chips are packed in packaging containers or sacks.
  • the chips can be pressed into the containers or sacks with a compression ratio of 1: 2, to reduce the required storage volume. Through this single pressing process the chips are pressed together, however not significantly damaged or crushed like it was previously the case in the transport tubes.
  • the entire device dustproof encapsulated so that by the Processing the chips and chip production no dust particles can penetrate into the environment.
  • the additional device elements to treat the chips immediately be arranged on the manufacturing machine, wherein for example the chips through the second transport device be promoted upwards while the loose planing dust and other fine particles fall down from the vibrating tank.
  • the impregnation station is then above arranged the manufacturing machine and leads the moistened chips then from above in the tower-like Vibrating room (vibrating tower) in which the drying and The impregnated chips are separated.
  • the vibration tower is here arranged parallel to the second transport device, see above that there is minimal space requirement.
  • the warm air supply in the vibrating room takes place through a in the area of the hall ceiling arranged cross heat exchanger, the warmed indoor air which also sucks in, for example via gas heating, can be heated.
  • the invention also relates in particular to a chip which is used as Insulation or insulating material is used, especially manufactured according to a method as described above, wherein the chip is hot air dried, especially in a hot air stream of 150 ° C to 270 ° C.
  • the chips thus treated have been found to be an alternative to the chip treated with chemical wood preservation.
  • the nutrient medium is removed from the mold.
  • Insect resistance is also increased, since drying leads to an aging of the resins and these resins, which are no longer fresh, are no longer attractive for insect damage.
  • the water absorption coefficient drops from 7 kg / (m 2 h) to 11 ⁇ 2 kg / (m 2 h) between untreated and treated chips.
  • the capillary water absorption is also reduced by a factor of 10. This also indirectly improves the insulation properties, since the reduced ability to absorb water prevents the formation of thermal bridges in the chips saturated with water.
  • a hot air flow 150 ° C. to 270 ° C.
  • the selected temperature is preferably used here, and it has been found that the entire cross section of the chip is penetrated by the selected temperature if possible. It has been found that sufficient wood tempering is achieved from a temperature of approximately 150 ° C. The favorable temperature range is between 180 ° C and 200 ° C, whereby this has to be connected in connection with the exposure time of the high temperature to the chip.
  • the chip at least on its surface a layer, also caramelized or crystallized Has whey or saponified whey.
  • This surface coating is achieved, for example, in that the first heated chip afterwards with the whey respectively the saponified whey is sprayed.
  • the liquid components evaporate immediately, the chip has a temperature, for example of approx. 200 ° C.
  • the solid components dissolve out and form, similar to a caramel or crystal layer, a coating over the chip that is essentially made up of the solid components dissolved in the whey is. It is also possible to use a crystalline one Generate layer, in this context in particular the fire protection properties of whey must be emphasized.
  • the Whey is mainly effective against pests on their alkalinity.
  • the reduced flammability is derived from the fact that obviously whey constituents are contained in the preservative in the event of fire, an insulating carbon protective layer form, and by splitting incombustible gases, as it were Develop a protective gas atmosphere around the chip. This will make the Oxygen supply impeded and poor flammability reached.
  • FIG 1 is in a flow chart and in Figure 2 in one schematic flow diagram of the process with its essential steps.
  • the chips 1 are in the Production, either targeted or as a waste product, for example from the woodworking industry.
  • the Chips 1 can be directly or via an extraction system and a Filters of the impregnation station 4 are supplied.
  • a Filters of the impregnation station 4 are supplied.
  • For bigger ones Chips 1 or other production residue is a return provided so that these are also crushed and reused can be.
  • For driving the chips 1 out of the production machine 2 at least one air nozzle 3 is used, which is movable that the chips 1 in processing breaks or during processing on the one hand from the tool of the manufacturing machine are blown away and on the other hand become one Collection point 9 are blown, from which they are transported by a device the impregnation station 4 are supplied.
  • the conveyor path of the chips is marked with 15.
  • the chips 1 thus separated or provided become subsequently impregnated by being in an impregnation station 4 be moistened with a liquid using a humidifier, which contains preservatives.
  • a humidifier which contains preservatives.
  • the invention does this via a swirl chamber, in which the chips 1 are loosely swirled by an air stream, which is mixed with a finely dispersed liquid mist is.
  • the chips 1 are then dried and one Size sorting (selection) supplied.
  • the humidification can also be a shower-like Wetting of the wood chips distributed over the surface happen.
  • spray heads 19 are provided.
  • the drying of the chips 1 can be carried out within those described above Whirl chamber take place (i.e. in the impregnation station), whereby then discontinuous operation takes place.
  • the airflow is from bottom to top directed.
  • Splices, splinters and other undesirable chip-like Parts are here or in the viewing area 16 or filter area 17 and either disposed of, or if possible, the manufacturing machine 2 or one other shredder (not shown) returned and there crushed again. Waste is packed and transported away.
  • the drying of the spray is also proposed according to the invention upstream, for example, what is shown in the Impregnation station 4 can be effected in that before Spray heads 19 a heater is provided.
  • the heating is there for example as an infrared radiation source or hot air heating (Circulating air).
  • the whole device is controlled by a processor Control monitors.
  • the transport from the manufacturing machine 2 to the impregnation station 4 takes place via a transport device, the one Can have storage in which an essentially continuous chip flow is introduced and the discontinuous is emptied by removing individual batches. These batches are transferred to impregnation station 4 via vibrating tanks transported, while already fine during transport Dust particles and possibly sawdust particles are separated out can.
  • the impregnated and dried chips 1 are in the filling station 18 packed in packaging bags 7, these are preferably pressed so that compression in the ratio 1: 2 arises.
  • the packaging bags 7 are preferably large-volume Sacks, so-called “big bags”, made of fiber-reinforced Foil material can exist. These "big bags” are light transportable and recyclable and thus reduce the Storage and transport costs significantly.
  • In addition to the finished chips can add more bags of wood flour or other good, in particular Committee can be packed.
  • FIG 3 is the area of the machining tool of the manufacturing machine 2 shown schematically.
  • the air nozzle 3 is arranged on a portal 10 and movable along this portal, so that here the chips 1 from a single air nozzle 3 The tool was blown away and then to the collection point 9 can be driven. This means costs and space saved, resulting in a compact design of the device for producing the chips is made possible.
  • the entire device is encapsulated Machine housing 11.
  • the total exhaust air in the system is over an exhaust system 12 is suctioned, separated from the dust in the filter 13 and fed back to the air nozzle 3 as compressed air, for example.
  • the filtrate 13 is automatically, for example Collection point 9 (via channel 14) fed.
  • the whole facility is operated with negative pressure to the air of the hall not to be polluted with the exhaust air from the device.
  • the manufacturing machine 2 is preferred built up soundproof and together with the functional parts to carry out the procedure described above encapsulated dustproof.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Shavings (1) are blown from the machine (2) generating them to a collection station (9) inside the same machine, and from there they are transported mechanically to an impregnation station (4) and then packaged in a packaging station (6). Independent claims are also included for the process machinery, and shavings (preferably wood ones) made by this process, the shavings having been dried in hot air, preferably in a flow of hot air at 150-270 deg.C.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spanmaterial, bei dem mittels einer spanend arbeitenden Herstellungsmaschine Späne erzeugt werden, die über ein Transportsystem von der Herstellungsmaschine zu einem Lager transportiert werden, wobei die Späne nach der Herstellung einer Konservierungsbehandlung unterzogen werden. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for producing chip material, in the case of a machining manufacturing machine Chips are generated using a transport system transported from the manufacturing machine to a warehouse be the chips after making a preservation treatment be subjected. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.

Derartige Verfahren und die dafür benötigten Vorrichtungen sind allgemein bekannt. Bei diesen Verfahren werden entweder Herstellungsmaschinen eingesetzt, die ausschließlich zur Produktion von Spänen vorgesehen sind oder bei denen diese Späne als Abfallprodukt während der Bearbeitung anfallen. Bei den Spänen handelt es sich meist um Holzspäne einer Hobelmaschine, die anschließend für Verpackungszwecke bzw. Dämmzwecke verwendet werden. Anstelle der Holzspäne können jedoch auch Kunststoffspäne oder gar Leichtmetallspäne eingesetzt werden.Such methods and the devices required for them are well known. These processes are either manufacturing machines used exclusively for Production of chips are provided or where these Chips arise as a waste product during processing. at the chips are mostly wood chips from a planing machine, which are then used for packaging or insulation purposes be used. Instead of the wood shavings, however, can also Plastic chips or even light metal chips are used.

Bei den bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen werden die Späne aus der Herstellungsmaschine gesaugt und über ein Transportsystem zu einem Lager transportiert, das in der Regel von einem Silo oder ähnlichem gebildet wird, in dem die Späne gesammelt werden. Dieses Transportsystem wird von einem verhältnismäßig aufwendigen Röhrensystem gebildet, durch das die Späne geblasen werden, wobei diese durch die Umwälzbewegung innerhalb des Röhrensystemes weiter zermahlen und zerkleinert werden. Ein derartiges Verfahren zum Trocknen von Spänen wird beispielsweise in der DE 27 36 372 A1 beschrieben, wobei hier eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen von großen und kleinen Spänen bereits integriert ist. Die in dem Silo aufbewahrten Späne werden dann einer Konservierungsbehandlung unterzogen, indem sie mit einem Konservierungsmittel enthaltenden Fluid befeuchtet werden und anschließend wieder getrocknet werden. Die so gegen Fäulnis oder ähnliche Schäden gesicherten Späne werden dann wieder zwischengelagert und anschließend aus dem Lager einer Befüllmaschine zugeführt.In the known methods and devices, the chips sucked out of the manufacturing machine and via a transport system transported to a warehouse, usually by one Silo or the like is formed in which the chips are collected become. This transportation system is proportionate by one elaborate tube system through which the chips are blown be, this by the circulation within the Pipe system further ground and crushed. On Such a process for drying chips is, for example described in DE 27 36 372 A1, here a device for separating large and small chips is integrated. The chips stored in the silo are then undergo a preservation treatment by using a Preservative containing fluid can be moistened and then be dried again. So against putrefaction or similar damaged chips will then be restored temporarily stored and then from the warehouse of a filling machine fed.

Der Nachteil des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß zum einen die Späne durch den wenig schonenden Transport über das Röhrensystem zerkleinert werden und somit eine unkontrollierte Spangeometrie entsteht, die oft zu kleine Späne beinhaltet, die aufgrund ihrer Rieselfähigkeit und der Dichte aufgrund der Lufteinschlüsse und Porosität als Dämmstoff nicht mehr geeignet sind. Ein weiterer Nachteil des bekannten Verfahrens besteht darin, daß die Lagerkosten relativ hoch sind, weil die unkomprimierten Späne sehr viel Platz beanspruchen und der Transport über das Gebläse verhältnismäßig energie- und kostenaufwendig ist.The disadvantage of the method described above is that that, on the one hand, the chips due to the less careful transport be shredded via the tube system and thus an uncontrolled Chip geometry arises, the chips are often too small includes, due to their flowability and density not because of the air pockets and porosity as insulation are more suitable. Another disadvantage of the known method is that the storage costs are relatively high, because the uncompressed chips take up a lot of space and the transport via the blower is relatively energy and is expensive.

Späne, die an holzverarbeitenden Maschinen entstehen, zu sammeln, ist aus vielen Veröffentlichungen bekannt. Beispielsweise werden bei einer Tischfräsmaschine nach der DE 39 31 141 A1 die vom Fräswerkzeug tangential weggeschleuderten Späne von einem Späneauffanggehäuse, das eine gekrümmte Luftleitfläche aufweist, aufgefangen und zu einem Absaugrohr weitergeleitet.Chips that are produced on woodworking machines collecting is known from many publications. For example are in a table milling machine according to DE 39 31 141 A1 the chips of a chip collection housing that has a curved air baffle has, collected and forwarded to a suction pipe.

Bei der Vorrichtung nach der EP-A-135 519 werden geschredderte Holzspäne durch Blasen entfernt.In the device according to EP-A-135 519 shredded Wood chips removed by blowing.

Nach der EP 380 954 A2 werden feuchte Hobelspäne durch Druckluftstöße in einen Spanableitungskanal geblasen, und nach der DE 43 35 363 A1 fällt der Holzabfall von Plattenkreissägen in einen unter Unterdruck setzbaren Sammelraum, von dem aus die Späne mittels eines Transportbandes abtransportiert werden. Am Ende des Transportbandes werden die groben von den feinen Spänen bzw. von Holzstaub getrennt. According to EP 380 954 A2, wet wood shavings are caused by compressed air blasts blown into a chip discharge duct, and after the DE 43 35 363 A1 falls into the waste wood from panel saws a collecting space that can be placed under vacuum, from which the Chips are removed using a conveyor belt. At the At the end of the conveyor belt, the coarse from the fine Chips or separated from wood dust.

Die Erfindung stellt sich daher die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Spänen zu schaffen, das bei geringen Herstellungs- und Lagerkosten eine möglichst optimale Spangeometrie bereitstellt. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der dieses Verfahren durchführbar ist.The invention therefore has as its object a method for To create chips, which with low manufacturing and storage costs as optimal as possible Provides clip geometry. Another object of the invention is to create a device with which this Procedure is feasible.

Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die Späne nach der Erzeugung in eine Sammelstelle innerhalb der Herstellungsmaschine geblasen werden, von dort durch mechanische Transportmittel einer Imprägnierstation zugeführt werden und dann in einer Verpackungsstation verpackt werden. Die weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Spanmaterial gemäß Anspruch 18 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the Chips after generation in a collection point within the Manufacturing machine are blown through from there mechanical means of transport fed to an impregnation station and then packed in a packing station. The further object of the invention is achieved by a device solved for the production of chip material according to claim 18.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren werden die Späne nunmehr schonend aus dem Bearbeitungsraum der Herstellungsmaschine ausgeblasen, wobei sie nun nicht mehr durch ein Röhrensystem getrieben werden, sondern in lockerem Verbund über das Transportmittel der Imprägnierstation zugeführt werden. Hierdurch ist eine Beschädigung der Späne bzw. eine weitere Zerkleinerung der Späne weitgehend ausgeschlossen. Innerhalb der Imprägnierstation werden die Späne ausgebreitet und mit einem Imprägniermittel besprüht oder auf sonstige Weise befeuchtet, wobei unter Ausbreitung hier sowohl die Ausbreitung auf einer ebenen Fläche verstanden sein soll als auch die volumenmäßige Ausbreitung in einer entsprechenden Befeuchtungskammer.The process according to the invention now turns the chips gentle from the processing area of the manufacturing machine blown out, now no longer through a tube system be driven, but in a loose network over the Means of transport are fed to the impregnation station. hereby is damage to the chips or further crushing the chips are largely excluded. Within the Impregnation station, the chips are spread out and with a Impregnating agent sprayed or otherwise moistened, with spread here both the spread on a flat surface should be understood as well as the volume Spread in an appropriate humidification chamber.

Nach der Befeuchtung mit dem Imprägniermittel werden die Späne nach Größe und Form selektiert, so daß zum einen untaugliche, nicht verwendbare Späne aussortiert werden können, und zum anderen die Späne je nach Verwendungszweck voneinander getrennt werden können. Beispielsweise werden für die Verpackung von Warensendungen längere, stoßabsorbierende Späne benötigt, während zur Verwendung als Dämmstoff in Decken feinere Späne, die einen höheren Anteil an Holzmehl oder ähnlichem aufweisen können, eingesetzt werden können.After moistening with the impregnating agent, the chips become selected for size and shape, so that on the one hand unsuitable, chips that cannot be used can be sorted out, and for others the chips are separated from each other depending on the intended use can be. For example, for the packaging of Shipments require longer, shock-absorbing chips, while finer shavings for use as insulation in ceilings, which have a higher proportion of wood flour or the like can be used.

Die durch diese Selektion voneinander getrennten Späne werden anschließend getrocknet und in einer Verpackungsstation verpackt. Selbstverständlich kann die Trocknung auch vor der Selektion der einzelnen Spanarten durchgeführt werden.The chips separated from each other by this selection are then dried and packed in a packaging station. Of course, drying can also take place before Selection of the individual chip types can be carried out.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß die Späne in der Imprägnierstation als erstes zunächst mit einem Imprägniermittel besprüht oder getrocknet beziehungsweise erwärmt und hernach als zweites erwärmt/getrocknet und mit einem Imprägniermittel besprüht werden. Insbesondere die zweite Variante führt dazu, daß ein flüssiges Imprägniermittel, welches auf die heißen Späne gesprüht wird, auf diesen verdampft und die in dem Imprägniermittel gelösten Stoffe als Schutzschicht auf den Spänen verbleiben. Durch den ersten Weg besteht die Möglichkeit, daß die Imprägnierflüssigkeit in die Späne eindringt und auch einen Tiefenschutz ergibt.According to the invention it is provided that the chips in the impregnation station first of all with an impregnating agent sprayed or dried or warmed and afterwards secondly heated / dried and with an impregnating agent be sprayed. The second variant in particular leads to that a liquid impregnating agent, which is called the Chips are sprayed, evaporated on them and in the impregnating agent dissolved substances as a protective layer on the chips remain. The first way is that the impregnation liquid penetrates the chips and also one Depth protection results.

Dabei ist gefunden worden, daß das Aufbringen des Imprägniermittels nach der Wärmebehandlung zu einer Erhöhung der Elastizität der darrtrockenen Späne führt. Durch die erhöhte Elastizität wird das Vermögen, Luft im Dämmaterial einzuschließen, erhöht und somit die Dämmeigenschaft der Späne gesteigert.It has been found that the application of the impregnating agent after heat treatment to increase elasticity the dry, dry shavings. Due to the increased elasticity the ability to trap air in the insulation material increased and thus the insulation property of the chips increased.

Dabei ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß diese Eigenschaften nicht nur bei Spänen einsetzbar sind, die gemäß dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren in einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung erzeugt werden, sondern es können auch Späne in der beschriebenen Weise behandelt werden, das heißt, imprägniert werden, die zum Beispiel aus einem Silo oder Lager angeliefert werden.It should be noted that these properties are not only can be used for chips that according to the proposed method are generated in a corresponding device, but chips can also be treated in the manner described be, that is, be impregnated, for example can be delivered from a silo or warehouse.

Zur Verbesserung der Imprägnierung aber auch als Verbesserung der Qualität der Späne als Dämm- und Isolationsmittel, wird daher auch ein Verfahren zur Imprägnierung von Spänen in eine Imprägnierstation vorgesehen, wobei die Späne in der Imprägnierstation zunächst getrocknet beziehungsweise erwärmt und hernach mit einem Imprägniermittel besprüht werden. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung dieses Verfahrens wird die Qualität der Späne im Hinblick auf die Isolationswirkung der aus diesen Spänen hergestellten Dämmaterialien erhöht, wobei die Imprägniermittel so gewählt sind, daß eine Verrottung der Späne möglichst ausgeschlossen ist. Hierbei ist darauf zu achten, daß neben dem Befall von Pilzen auch das Einnisten von Insekten oder von kleinen Lebewesen nicht gewünscht ist und die Wahl des Imprägniermittels hierauf abzustimmen ist. Das erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Verfahren zur Imprägnierung kann dabei sowohl einzeln als auch in Verbindung mit dem vorher vorgestellten Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spanmaterial verwendet werden.To improve the impregnation but also as an improvement the quality of the chips as insulation and insulation hence a method for impregnating chips into one Impregnation station provided, the chips in the impregnation station first dried or warmed and then sprayed with an impregnating agent. Through the Design of this method according to the invention is the Quality of the chips with regard to the insulation effect of the Insulation materials made from these chips increased the impregnation agents are selected so that the rotting of the Chips are excluded as far as possible. This is about make sure that in addition to the infestation of fungi, the nesting of Insects or small creatures are not wanted and that The choice of impregnating agent should be coordinated with this. The invention proposed methods of impregnation can both individually and in connection with the previous one presented method for the production of chip material used become.

Späne zuerst zu trocknen und dann den Imprägniervorgang anzuschließen ist aus der SU-A-164 5154 bekannt, nach der trockene Holzspäne mit Kleber und einem wasserabweisenden Mittel versetzt, zu Spanplatten gepreßt und anschließend die fertigen Spanplatten imprägniert werden. Zum Imprägnieren dieser Spanplatten ist ein Autoclav notwendig, der das Imprägnieren sehr zeitaufwendig macht, aber der Trocknungsvorgang nach dem Imprägnieren wird durch die Verwendung von vorgetrockneten Spänen bei der Herstellung der Spanplatten verkürzt.Dry the chips first and then connect the impregnation process is known from SU-A-164 5154, after the dry one Wood chips mixed with glue and a water repellent, pressed to chipboard and then the finished Chipboard can be impregnated. For impregnating these particle boards an autoclave is necessary, which is very impregnating time consuming, but the drying process after Impregnation is achieved through the use of pre-dried Shavings shortened in the production of chipboard.

In der bevorzugten Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung wird als Imprägniermittel Molke oder basisch verseifte Molke eingesetzt. Aus der europäischen Patentschrift 576 940 des gleichen Anmelders ist die Verwendung von Molke als Schädlings- beziehungsweise Brandschutzmittel bekannt. Auf diese Patentschrift wird an dieser Stelle vollinhaltlich Bezug genommen. Insbesondere der Einsatz von Molke als natürliches Nebenprodukt bei der Verarbeitung von Milch, ergibt im Hinblick auf die Vermeidung von chemischen Holzschutzmitteln einen Vorteil, wenn ein möglichst natürliches Dämmaterial erzeugt werden soll. Insbesondere sind bei dem Recyceln oder Verwerten des Dämmaterials, zum Beispiel durch Verbrennen, durch das eingesetzte Imprägniermittel Molke keine zusätzlichen Umweltbelastungen zu befürchten.In the preferred further development of the invention, as Impregnant whey or basic saponified whey used. From European patent 576 940 by the same applicant is the use of whey as a pest respectively Fire retardant known. On this patent At this point, full reference is made. In particular the use of whey as a natural by - product in the Processing milk, results in terms of avoidance chemical wood preservatives is an advantage if possible natural insulation material is to be generated. In particular are in the recycling or recycling of the insulation material to Example by burning, by the impregnation agent used Whey has no fear of additional environmental pollution.

Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgesehen, die Molke unverdünnt oder verdünnt mit Wasser zu verwenden. Es ist aber auch günstig, die Molke mit Basen oder basisch wirkenden Stoffen zu versetzen. Als Verseifungsmittel wird dabei gerne Natronlauge, Kalilauge, Natriumkarbonat (Soda), Kaliumkarbonat (Pottasche), Kalziumhydroxyd (gelöschter Kalk, Kalkmehl), Kalciumkarbonat (Kalkstein), Natriumphosphat oder Borax, sowie deren Mischungen eingesetzt.According to the invention, the whey is undiluted or to use diluted with water. But it is also cheap that To add whey with bases or substances with a basic effect. As a saponifier, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate (soda), potassium carbonate (potash), calcium hydroxide (slaked lime, lime powder), calcium carbonate (limestone), Sodium phosphate or borax, and mixtures thereof used.

Erfindungsgemäß wird auch vorgesehen, daß die Späne in oder nach der Imprägnierstation, vor, während oder nach der Trocknung nach Größe und/oder Form selektiert werden. Es ist dabei möglich, zum Beispiel die Trocknung chargenweise nach gewissen Größen oder Formen der Späne durchzuführen. Günstigerweise werden die Späne flächig ausgebreitet, um bei dem Besprühen mit dem Imprägniermittel möglichst alle Späne zu erreichen, wobei dann diese flächige Ausbildung bereits das Selektieren der Späne erleichtert.According to the invention it is also provided that the chips in or after the impregnation station, before, during or after drying selected according to size and / or shape. It is there possible, for example drying in batches according to certain To perform sizes or shapes of the chips. conveniently, the chips are spread out to be sprayed with to achieve all possible chips with the impregnating agent, whereby then this flat training already selecting the Chips relieved.

Des weiteren ist vorgesehen, daß die Späne, bevor diese in der Imprägnierstation imprägniert werden, vor der Imprägnierstation getrocknet beziehungsweise vorgetrocknet oder auch erwärmt werden. Aus dieser erfindungsgemäßen Weiterentwicklung kann ein zusätzlicher Effekt erzielt werden. Werden zum Beispiel verhältnismäßig feuchte Späne verarbeitet, so ist es günstiger, diese erst auf ein gewisses Maß herunterzutrocknen und erst dann die Imprägnierung zu beginnen. Die aufgebrachte Imprägnierung umschließt unter Umständen die Restfeuchtigkeit, die in dem Holzspan ist, und der eigentlich gewünschte Effekt einer Trocknung des Spanes wird behindert. Dabei kann diese Vortrocknung in der Imprägnierstation in einem speziell vorgeschalteten Trocknungsprogramm geschehen oder in einer separaten Trocknungsstation, die auch räumlich vor der Imprägnierstation angeordnet ist.Furthermore, it is envisaged that the chips, before these in the Impregnation station to be impregnated in front of the impregnation station dried or pre-dried or heated become. From this further development according to the invention, a additional effect can be achieved. For example, become proportionate processed wet chips, so it is cheaper first to dry them down to a certain degree and only then then start impregnation. The impregnation applied may enclose the residual moisture contained in the wood chip, and the actually desired effect is one Drying of the chip is hindered. This can pre-dry in the impregnation station in a specially upstream Drying program or in a separate drying station, which are also arranged in front of the impregnation station is.

Auch ist es günstig, daß die Späne bei einem oder mehreren der nachfolgenden Parametern imprägniert werden:

  • a) Trocknen der Späne bei Temperaturen von 150°C bis zur Brandgrenze des Spanmaterials, bevorzugt bei ca. 200°C;
  • b) Trocknen während einer Zeitdauer von wenigen Minuten bis zu 4 Stunden, bevorzugt 90 Minuten;
  • c) Ausüben eines Druckes von bis zu 2 MPa auf die Späne;
  • d) Imprägnierung von feuchten oder vorgefeuchteten Spänen;
  • e) Imprägnierung und/oder Trocknung in einer Erdgasatmosphäre, bevorzugt einer Stickstoffatmosphäre.
  • It is also favorable that the chips are impregnated with one or more of the following parameters:
  • a) drying the chips at temperatures from 150 ° C to the fire limit of the chip material, preferably at about 200 ° C;
  • b) drying for a period of a few minutes to 4 hours, preferably 90 minutes;
  • c) exerting a pressure of up to 2 MPa on the chips;
  • d) impregnation of moist or pre-moistened chips;
  • e) impregnation and / or drying in a natural gas atmosphere, preferably a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • Die Wärmebehandlung beziehungsweise Trocknung der Späne kann im Zusammenspiel mit mehreren physikalischen Parametern variiert werden, wobei je nach Wahl der Parameter, unterschiedliche Effekte bei den getrockneten Spänen erreicht werden. Es ist zum Beispiel vorgesehen, die Temperatur zum Trocknen der Späne von 150°C bis zur Brandgrenze des Spanmaterials zu wählen. Die Brandgrenze ist materialtypisch definiert und liegt in der Regel bei ca. 270" C bis 290°C. Es ist dabei gefunden worden, daß eine Schocktrocknung, zum Beispiel bei 250°C während 2 bis 5 Minuten auch zu brauchbaren Ergebnissen führt, wobei bei einer solchen Trocknung unter Umständen eine gewisse Restfeuchte im Span verbleibt, da die Zeit innerhalb der die heiße Luft auf die Späne wirken kann, nur verhältnismäßig kurz ist und eine Aufheizung des ganzen Spanes, insbesondere wenn dieser in einer Schicht von Spänen liegt, nicht sichergestellt ist. Vorteilhaft sind natürlich kurze Trocknungszeiten im Hinblick auf eine kurze Verfahrensdauer.The heat treatment or drying of the chips can be carried out in the Interaction with several physical parameters varies be different, depending on the choice of parameters Effects can be achieved with the dried chips. It is for Example provided the temperature for drying the chips from 150 ° C up to the fire limit of the chip material. The Fire limit is defined for the material and lies in the Usually at about 270 "C to 290 ° C. It has been found that shock drying, for example at 250 ° C for 2 to 5 minutes also leads to useful results, with a certain residual moisture remains in the chip because the time within which the hot Air on the chips can only be relatively short and heating up the whole chip, especially if it is is in a layer of chips, is not ensured. Short drying times are of course advantageous in terms of for a short procedure.

    Es sind aber auch gute Ergebnisse bei 200°C während einer Dauer von 90 Minuten erzielt worden, bei welcher von einer möglichst homogenen Auf- und Durchheizung der Späne ausgegangen werden kann, wobei die Späne dann homogen getrocknet werden.But there are also good results at 200 ° C during one Duration of 90 minutes was achieved, of which one as homogeneous as possible heating and heating of the chips can be, the chips are then dried homogeneously.

    Es ist auch möglich, daß in der Imprägnierstation, ähnlich wie in einem Reaktor, ein Umgebungsdruck Druck (zum Beispiel durch entsprechenden atmosphärischen Druck) auf die Späne ausgeübt wird, um zum Beispiel das aufgebrachte Imprägniermittel besser auf die Späne einwirken zu lassen. Dies wurde hierbei zum Beispiel mit Drücken bis zu 2 MPa (entspricht 20 bar) ausgeübt. Die Spanne beträgt hierbei von Atmosphärendruck bis zu dem vorgenannten Höchstwert. Es kann auch günstig sein, eine Imprägnierung von feuchten oder vorgefeuchteten Spänen durchzuführen, um zum Beispiel mit einer Vorfeuchtung entsprechende Imprägniermittel in die Späne einzubringen.It is also possible that in the impregnation station, similar to in a reactor, an ambient pressure (for example, by corresponding atmospheric pressure) exerted on the chips becomes better, for example, the applied impregnating agent to have an effect on the chips. This was for example exerted with pressures up to 2 MPa (corresponds to 20 bar). The range is from atmospheric pressure to aforementioned maximum value. Impregnation can also be beneficial of damp or pre-moistened chips, for example with a pre-moistening Introduce impregnating agent into the chips.

    Das Trocknen der Späne bewirkt ein Austrocknen der Nährböden für Pilze und Bakterien. Wird die Behandlung der Späne dabei noch innerhalb einer Inertgasatmosphäre durchgeführt, so werden insbesondere Oxydationsprozesse während der Trocknung möglichst unterdrückt. Günstigerweise wird hierzu zum Beispiel eine Stickstoffatmosphäre eingesetzt.Drying the chips causes the nutrient media to dry out for fungi and bacteria. Will the treatment of the chips in the process still carried out within an inert gas atmosphere, so especially oxidation processes during drying if possible suppressed. For example, this is favorably one Nitrogen atmosphere used.

    Innerhalb der Herstellungsmaschine können die Späne entweder durch ein erstes Gebläse aus dem Bereich der Bearbeitung herausgeblasen werden und anschließend über ein zweites Gebläse in die Sammelstelle geblasen werden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, daß das Ausblasen der Späne in die Sammelstelle über ein einzelnes Gebläse erfolgt, das beispielsweise um das Bearbeitungsaggregat der Herstellungsmaschine beweglich geführt ist, so daß es die Späne aus dem Werkzeugbereich heraus und in die Sammelstelle hinein zu treiben vermag. Ein derartiges Gebläse kann beispielsweise ein Gebläse sein, das aus der Trocknung von Fahrzeugen in Autowaschanlagen bekannt ist. Ein solches Doppelschlitzgebläse kann umlaufend an einem das Werkzeug der Herstellungsmaschine umgebenden Portal angeordnet sein und selbsttätig während der Bearbeitungspausen die Späne aus der Maschine herausblasen.Within the manufacturing machine, the chips can either by a first fan from the machining area be blown out and then by a second blower be blown into the collection point. However, it is also possible that blowing out the chips into the collection point via a single blower takes place, for example, around the processing unit the manufacturing machine guided is so that it moves the chips out of the tool area and in can drive the collection point into it. Such a blower can be, for example, a blower, which from the Drying vehicles in car washes is known. On Such a double-slot fan can run all around the tool the portal surrounding the manufacturing machine and automatically removes the chips during processing breaks blow out of the machine.

    Die Sammelstelle kann beispielsweise der vordere Bereich eines mechanischen Transportbandes sein, das die ausgeblasenen Späne weiter transportiert. Dabei können die Späne zwischenzeitlich zu Losgrößen zusammengefaßt werden, indem sie in einem Vorratsspeicher zwischengelagert werden, der nach Erreichen einer bestimmten Menge entleert wird. Dabei ist es möglich, daß das Gebläse die Späne unmittelbar in diesen Vorratsspeicher einbläst, beispielsweise in einen Eckbereich des Bearbeitungsraumes der Herstellungsmaschine, oder daß die Transporteinrichtung zweigeteilt ausgebildet ist, wobei eine erste Transporteinrichtung den Transport der Späne von der Sammelstelle in den Vorratsspeicher übernimmt und über eine zweite Transporteinrichtung die zusammengefaßten Losgrößen der Späne von dem Vorratsspeicher der weiteren Bearbeitung zugeführt werden.The collection point can be, for example, the front area of a mechanical conveyor belt that is the blown chips transported further. In the meantime, the chips can can be grouped into lot sizes by storing them in a supply store be stored temporarily after reaching one certain amount is emptied. It is possible that Blower blows the chips directly into this storage, for example in a corner area of the processing room the manufacturing machine, or that the transport device is formed in two parts, with a first transport device the transport of the chips from the collection point in takes over the storage and via a second transport device the combined lot sizes of the chips from the Storage can be fed for further processing.

    Als Transportmittel können übliche Förderbänder oder Kratzböden eingesetzt werden, die die gesammelten Späne der jeweiligen Bearbeitung zuführen. Als Sammelstelle kann entweder der untere Bereich des Transportmittels dienen, so daß das Gebläse die Späne unmittelbar auf die Transporteinrichtung treibt. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, daß als Sammeleinrichtung ein trichterförmiges Behältnis eingesetzt wird, in das die Späne hineingeblasen werden, die dann durch diesen Trichter auf das Transportmittel rieseln. Durch entsprechende Verschlußmittel an der Unterseite des Trichters kann dieses trichterartige Behältnis auch als Vorratsspeicher eingesetzt werden. Schließlich ist es möglich, dieses trichterartige Behältnis bzw. eine vergleichbare Öffnung unmittelbar in das das Bearbeitungsaggregat der Herstellungsmaschine umgebende Gehäuse einzuformen.Common conveyor belts or scraper floors can be used as a means of transport used to collect the chips of each Carry out processing. Either the lower one can be the collection point Serve area of the means of transport so that the blower Chips drive directly onto the transport device. It is However, it is also possible that a funnel-shaped as a collecting device Container is inserted into which the chips are blown which are then through this funnel onto the means of transport trickle. Appropriate locking means on the The bottom of the funnel can be this funnel-like container can also be used as a storage tank. After all it is possible this funnel-like container or a comparable one Opening directly into the processing unit Forming the surrounding machine manufacturing machine.

    Über die Transporteinrichtung wird das Spanmaterial, bevorzugt in Losgrößen zusammengefaßt, der Imprägnierstation zugeführt. In dieser Imprägnierstation können zum Beispiel bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung die Späne in einem Luftstrom verwirbelt und aufgelockert werden, wobei durch eingesprühten Nebel ein Imprägniermittel zugemischt wird, das die Oberfläche der Späne nach einer hinreichenden Bearbeitungsdauer ausreichend benetzt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die Späne gleichmäßig zu befeuchten, ohne daß sie durchnäßt werden und dadurch zusammenbacken. In gleicher Weise ist es auch möglich, die Trocknung der Späne in einer Verwirbelungskammer unter Einsatz eines kontinuierlichen Luftstromes durchzuführen, der gleichzeitig eine Durchmischung und eine homogene Verteilung der Trocknungswärme erbringt.The chip material is preferred via the transport device summarized in batch sizes, fed to the impregnation station. In this impregnation station, for example, an advantageous Design swirling the chips in an air stream and be loosened up by being sprayed in Mist an impregnating agent is added to the surface the chips are sufficient after a sufficient processing time wetted. In this way it is possible to remove the chips moisten evenly without being soaked and bake together. In the same way it is also possible drying the chips in a swirl chamber Use a continuous flow of air that mixing and homogeneous distribution at the same time which provides drying heat.

    Vor der Zuführung zur Imprägnierstation kann das Spanmaterial zusätzlich gesiebt werden, um solche Anteile zu entfernen, die aufgrund ihrer Größe eher staubartig sind und nicht brauchbar sind. In diesem Fall verbleiben in der Losgröße ausschließlich Späne, die eine bevorzugte Größe aufweisen bzw. möglicherweise größer sind. Die bevorzugte Dimension der Späne beträgt dabei ewa 1,0 x 3,0 cm bis 2,0 x 5,0 cm. Insbesondere bei Verwendung eines Vorratsspeichers und einer losgrößenartigen Zusammenfassung der Späne kann die zweite Transporteinrichtung von zumindest einer Rüttelwanne mit siebartigem Boden gebildet sein, die während des Transports zur Imprägnierstation oszillierend bewegt wird. Hierdurch wird ein Aussieben der zu kleinen Teile durch den Boden der Rüttelwanne bewirkt, die dann auf einen entsprechenden Abscheider herunterfallen und entweder einer anderern Verwendung oder der Entsorgung zugeführt werden können.The chip material can be fed to the impregnation station are additionally screened to remove those portions that are rather dusty due to their size and not usable are. In this case, the lot size remains exclusively Chips that may or may not have a preferred size are larger. The preferred dimension of the chips is ewa 1.0 x 3.0 cm to 2.0 x 5.0 cm. Especially when used a store and a batch size summary the chips can be the second transport device from formed at least one vibrating trough with a sieve bottom be during transport to the impregnation station is moved oscillating. This will cause the small parts caused by the bottom of the vibrating tank, which then fall down on an appropriate separator and either other use or disposal can.

    Splitterartige oder zu große Späne, die ebenfalls nicht gewünscht sind, können durch Sichtprüfung ebenfalls vor der Imprägnierstation entnommen werden. Bevorzugt geschieht dies jedoch nach der Imprägnierung im Rahmen der weiteren Trennung verschiedener Spangrößen.Splinter-like or too large chips, which are also not desired can also be checked visually before the Impregnation station can be removed. This is preferably done however after the impregnation as part of the further separation different chip sizes.

    Nach der Imprägnierung der Holzspäne werden diese bevorzugt weiter selektiert und getrocknet. Dies kann in einem Rüttelraum oder Rüttelturm erfolgen, wobei die frisch imprägnierten Späne zunächst in eine obere Rüttelwanne fallen, in der Späne einer ersten Größe ausgesiebt werden. Von dieser oberen Rüttelwanne werden die Späne beispielsweise durch die Rüttelbewegung vorgetrieben oder auch durch eine Förderbewegung bzw. durch ein Verkippen der oberen Rüttelwanne nach einer gewissen Rüttelzeit in eine darunter angeordnete zweite Rüttelwanne gefördert. Hier werden dann Späne einer zweiten Größe ausgesondert und die Späne ebenfalls nach dieser Selektion weitergefördert. Je nach Feinheitsgrad der gewünschten Aufteilung können beiliebig viele Rüttelwannen vorgesehen werden, die bevorzugt untereinander angeordnet sind. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, den Transport der Späne von einer Rüttelwanne in die nächste über Förderbänder oder sonstige Transportmittel zu bewirken. Aus den Rüttelwannen können die Späne beispielsweise auf Förderbänder herabfallen, die die so aussortierten Späne einer bestimmten Größe Verpackungsstationen bzw. einer Entsorgung im Falle des Ausschusses zuführen.After the wood chips have been impregnated, they are preferred further selected and dried. This can be done in a jog room or vibrating tower, the freshly impregnated chips first fall into an upper vibrating tank, in the chips one first size are screened. From this top vibrating tank the chips are propelled, for example, by the shaking movement or also through a funding movement or through a Tilting of the upper vibrating pan after a certain vibrating time conveyed into a second vibrating tank located below. Here chips of a second size are then separated out and the Chips are also conveyed further after this selection. Depending on The degree of fineness of the desired division can be arbitrarily many Vibratory tanks are provided, which are preferably one with the other are arranged. It is of course also possible that The chips are transported from one vibrating tank to the next To effect conveyor belts or other means of transport. From the The chips can be vibrated on conveyor belts, for example falling down, the shavings so sorted out of a particular one Size packing stations or a disposal in case of Feed committee.

    Ferner ist es möglich, innerhalb des Rüttelturmes bzw. Rüttelraumes splitterartige Späne bzw. zu große Späne auszusortieren, die entweder zerkleinert werden, so daß sie über eine Rückführung in beispielsweise den Vorratsspeicher der weiteren Bearbeitung, insbesondere der nunmehr wieder notwendigen Imprägnierung zugeführt werden oder aus dem Kreislauf entnommen werden.Furthermore, it is possible within the vibrating tower or vibrating room sorting out splinter-like chips or chips that are too large, which are either crushed so that they have a return in, for example, the storage of the others Processing, in particular the now necessary again Impregnation can be supplied or removed from the circuit become.

    Zur Trocknung der in dem Rüttelraum bewegten Späne kann dieser mit Warmluft beströmt werden oder ein vor dem Rüttelraum angeordneter Trocknungsraum vorgesehen sein. Bevorzugt wird die Warmluft aus dem die Herstellungsmaschine umgebenden Raum entnommen, meist eine Maschinenhalle oder ähnliches, der bereits eine gewisse Wärme aufweist. Ein weiterer vorteilhafter Effekt liegt darin, daß hierdurch selbsttätig ein Austausch der verbrauchten Hallenluft bewirkt wird. Besonders günstig ist dabei, wenn die Warmluft aus dem oberen Bereich der Halle angesaugt wird, in dem sich ansonsten ungenutzte aufgeheizte Luft ansammelt. Bei anderen Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens können selbstverständlich auch andere Heizungen, beispielsweise Infrarotheizungen oder ähnliches eingesetzt werden. Ferner ist es möglich, die Heizung als Wirbelkammerheizung auszugestalten, bei der die zu trocknenden Späne in warmer Luft verwirbelt werden und nach gewisser Verweildauer entweder kontinuierlich oder losgrößenartig der Wiebelkammer entnommen werden. Hierzu kann eine gesondere Wirbelkammer oder auch die Wirbelkammer der Imprägnierstation verwendet werden.This can be used to dry the chips moving in the vibrating chamber are flowed with warm air or one arranged in front of the vibrating room Drying room can be provided. The is preferred Warm air taken from the room surrounding the manufacturing machine, usually a machine shop or something similar that already has a certain warmth. Another beneficial effect is that this automatically replaces the used ones Hall air is effected. It is particularly cheap when the warm air is drawn in from the upper area of the hall in which otherwise unused heated air collects. In other configurations of the method according to the invention can of course also other heaters, for example Infrared heaters or the like are used. Further is it is possible to design the heater as a swirl chamber heater, where the chips to be dried are swirled in warm air and after a certain length of stay either continuously or in batch sizes from the bulb chamber. For this can be a special vortex chamber or the vortex chamber Impregnation station can be used.

    Nach der Imprägnierung der Späne werden die verschiedenen Spanarten nach Größen sortiert manuell abgepackt oder bevorzugt einer Verpackungsvorrichtung zugeführt, innerhalb derer die Späne in Verpackungsbehälter oder -säcke abgepackt werden. Hierbei können die Späne in die Behälter bzw. Säcke gepreßt werden, zum Beispiel mit einem Verdichtungsverhältnis von 1:2, um das erforderliche Lagervolumen zu reduzieren. Durch diesen einmaligen Preßvorgang werden die Späne zwar zusammengedrückt, jedoch nicht wesentlich beschädigt oder gar zerkleinert, wie es in den Transportröhren bisher der Fall war.After the chips have been impregnated, the different types of chips sorted manually by size or preferred fed to a packaging device within which the Chips are packed in packaging containers or sacks. The chips can be pressed into the containers or sacks with a compression ratio of 1: 2, to reduce the required storage volume. Through this single pressing process the chips are pressed together, however not significantly damaged or crushed like it was previously the case in the transport tubes.

    Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird die gesamte Vorrichtung staubdicht gekapselt, so daß durch die Verarbeitung der Späne und das Spanherstellen keine Staubpartikel in die Umgebung dringen können. Die zusätzlichen Vorrichtungselemente zur Nachbehandlung der Späne können unmittelbar an der Herstellungsmaschine angeordnet werden, wobei beispielsweise die Späne durch die zweite Transporteinrichtung nach oben gefördert werden, während der lose Hobelstaub und andere feine Partikel aus der Rüttelwanne nach unten herunterfallen.In a preferred embodiment of the method, the entire device dustproof encapsulated, so that by the Processing the chips and chip production no dust particles can penetrate into the environment. The additional device elements to treat the chips immediately be arranged on the manufacturing machine, wherein for example the chips through the second transport device be promoted upwards while the loose planing dust and other fine particles fall down from the vibrating tank.

    Die Imprägnierstation ist bei dieser Ausgestaltung dann oberhalb der Herstellungsmaschine angeordnet und führt die befeuchteten Späne dann von oben in den turmartig aufgebauten Rüttelraum (Rüttelturm) ein, in dem die Trocknung und Separation der imprägnierten Späne erfolgt. Der Rüttelturm ist hier parallel zur zweiten Transportvorrichtung angeordnet, so daß ein minimaler Raumbedarf vorliegt. Die Warmluftzufuhr in den Rüttelraum erfolgt durch einen im Bereich der Hallendecke angeordneten Kreuzwärmetauscher, der angewärmte Hallenluft ansaugt, die zusätzlich, beispielsweise über eine Gasheizung, aufgeheizt werden kann.In this embodiment, the impregnation station is then above arranged the manufacturing machine and leads the moistened chips then from above in the tower-like Vibrating room (vibrating tower) in which the drying and The impregnated chips are separated. The vibration tower is here arranged parallel to the second transport device, see above that there is minimal space requirement. The warm air supply in the vibrating room takes place through a in the area of the hall ceiling arranged cross heat exchanger, the warmed indoor air which also sucks in, for example via gas heating, can be heated.

    Energetisch besonders günstig ist es, wenn die Energie zum Ausblasen der Späne aus der Herstellungsmaschine von der Energieversorgung der Herstellungsmaschine selbst bereitgestellt wird, wenn also der Ausblasvorgang in Bearbeitungspausen der Herstellungsmaschine erfolgt. In diesem Fall ist für die Luftströmung keine eigene Energieversorgung notwendig, was die Maschinenkosten deutlich reduziert.It is particularly economical in terms of energy if the energy for Blowing the chips out of the manufacturing machine from the Power supply to the manufacturing machine itself provided when the blow-out process takes place during processing breaks the manufacturing machine. In this case it is for Air flow does not require its own energy supply, which the Machine costs significantly reduced.

    Hierbei ist es insbesondere günstig, daß die einzelnen Elemente, wie die spanerzeugende Herstellungsmaschine, die Imprägnier- und Trocknungseinheit und die Sieb- und Sichteinheit hybridisiert in einem gemeinsamen Maschinengehäuse angeordnet sind.It is particularly advantageous that the individual Elements such as the chip-making machine, the Impregnation and drying unit and the sieving and classifying unit hybridized in a common machine housing are.

    Durch diesen erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag werden die bekannten Hobelautomaten zu hocheffizienten Dämmstoffproduktionsmaschinen erweitert. Ein automatisches Abpacken der Späne in Säcke oder dergleichen, ermöglicht eine höchst flexible Transportierung und Lagerung des Dämmstoffes.Through this proposal according to the invention, the known Automatic planers for highly efficient insulation production machines extended. An automatic packing of the chips in Sacks or the like, allows a highly flexible Transport and storage of the insulation material.

    Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere auch einen Span, der als Dämm- oder Isolierstoff Verwendung findet, insbesondere hergestellt nach einem Verfahren, wie vorbeschrieben, wobei der Span heißluftgetrocknet ist, insbesondere in einem Heißluftstrom von 150°C bis 270°C.The invention also relates in particular to a chip which is used as Insulation or insulating material is used, especially manufactured according to a method as described above, wherein the chip is hot air dried, especially in a hot air stream of 150 ° C to 270 ° C.

    Es ist gefunden worden, daß die so behandelten Späne eine Alternative zum mit einem chemischen Holzschutz behandelten Span darstellen. Durch das Austrocknen der Späne wird den Schimmelpilzen der Nährboden entzogen. Auch wird die Insektenresistenz erhöht, da die Trocknung zu einer Alterung der Harze führt und diese nicht mehr frischen Harze für Insektenfraß nicht mehr attraktiv sind. Es ist auch gefunden worden, daß der Wasseraufnahmekoeffizient von 7 kg/(m2h) auf 1 ½ kg/(m2h) zwischen unbehandelten und behandelten Spänen absinkt. Auch die kapilare Wasseraufnahme verringert sich um einen Faktor 10. Mittelbar werden dadurch auch die Dämmeigenschaften verbessert, da das verminderte Vermögen Wasser aufzunehmen, die Ausbildung von Wärmebrücken in den, mit Wasser gesättigten, Spänen verhindert. Bevorzugt wird hierbei ein Heißluftstrom von 150°C bis 270°C eingesetzt, wobei gefunden worden ist, daß nach Möglichkeit der gesamte Querschnitt des Spanes von der gewählten Temperatur durchsetzt wird. Dabei ist gefunden worden, daß eine ausreichende Holzvergütung ab einer Temperatur von ca. 150°C erreicht wird. Der günstige Temperaturbereich liegt zwischen 180°C und 200°C, wobei dies im Zusammenhang mit der Einwirkzeit der hohen Temperatur auf den Span in Verbindung zu setzen ist.The chips thus treated have been found to be an alternative to the chip treated with chemical wood preservation. When the chips dry out, the nutrient medium is removed from the mold. Insect resistance is also increased, since drying leads to an aging of the resins and these resins, which are no longer fresh, are no longer attractive for insect damage. It has also been found that the water absorption coefficient drops from 7 kg / (m 2 h) to 1½ kg / (m 2 h) between untreated and treated chips. The capillary water absorption is also reduced by a factor of 10. This also indirectly improves the insulation properties, since the reduced ability to absorb water prevents the formation of thermal bridges in the chips saturated with water. A hot air flow of 150 ° C. to 270 ° C. is preferably used here, and it has been found that the entire cross section of the chip is penetrated by the selected temperature if possible. It has been found that sufficient wood tempering is achieved from a temperature of approximately 150 ° C. The favorable temperature range is between 180 ° C and 200 ° C, whereby this has to be connected in connection with the exposure time of the high temperature to the chip.

    In der bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Spanes wird vorgesehen, daß der Span zumindest an seiner Oberfläche eine, auch karamellisierte oder kristallisierte Schicht von Molke, beziehungsweise verseifter Molke aufweist. Dieser Oberflächenüberzug wird zum Beispiel dadurch erreicht, daß der zuerst aufgeheizte Span hernach mit der Molke beziehungsweise der verseiften Molke besprüht wird. Die flüssigen Bestandteile verdampfen dabei sofort, der Span hat zum Beispiel eine Temperatur von ca. 200°C. Die festen Bestandteile aber lösen sich heraus und bilden, ähnlich einer Karamell- oder Kristallschicht, einen Überzug über den Span, der im wesentlichen aus den festen Bestandteilen, die in der Molke gelöst sind, bestimmt ist. Es ist auch möglich, hierbei eine kristalliene Schicht zu erzeugen, wobei in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere die Brandschutzeigenschaften von Molke zu betonen sind. Die Wirksamkeit von Molke gegenüber Schädlingen beruht hauptsächlich auf ihrer Alkalität. Die verringerte Brennbarkeit ist davon ableitbar, daß offensichtlich im Schutzmittel Molkebestandteile im Brandfalle eine isolierende Kohleschutzschicht bilden, sowie durch Abspaltung unbrennbarer Gase gleichsam eine Schutzgasatmosphäre um den Span entwickeln. Dadurch wird die Sauerstoffzufuhr behindert und eine schlechte Brennbarkeit erreicht.In the preferred embodiment of the chip according to the invention it is provided that the chip at least on its surface a layer, also caramelized or crystallized Has whey or saponified whey. This surface coating is achieved, for example, in that the first heated chip afterwards with the whey respectively the saponified whey is sprayed. The liquid components evaporate immediately, the chip has a temperature, for example of approx. 200 ° C. However, the solid components dissolve out and form, similar to a caramel or crystal layer, a coating over the chip that is essentially made up of the solid components dissolved in the whey is. It is also possible to use a crystalline one Generate layer, in this context in particular the fire protection properties of whey must be emphasized. The Whey is mainly effective against pests on their alkalinity. The reduced flammability is derived from the fact that obviously whey constituents are contained in the preservative in the event of fire, an insulating carbon protective layer form, and by splitting incombustible gases, as it were Develop a protective gas atmosphere around the chip. This will make the Oxygen supply impeded and poor flammability reached.

    Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen. Die Abbildungen zeigen in

    Fig. 1
    ein Flußdiagramm des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
    Fig. 2
    ein schematisches Ablaufdiagramm des Verfahrens aus Figur 1 und in
    Fig. 3
    eine schematische Darstellung der Führung der Luftdüse.
    Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims and from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings. The pictures show in
    Fig. 1
    2 shows a flow diagram of the method according to the invention,
    Fig. 2
    a schematic flow diagram of the method of Figure 1 and in
    Fig. 3
    a schematic representation of the leadership of the air nozzle.

    In Figur 1 ist in einem Flußdiagramm und in Figur 2 in einem schematischen Ablaufdiagramm das Verfahren mit seinen wesentlichen Schritten dargestellt. Die Späne 1 werden in der Produktion, entweder gezielt oder als Abfallprodukt, zum Beispiel aus der holzverarbeitenden Industrie, hergestellt. Die Späne 1 könne unmittelbar oder über eine Absauganlage und einen Filter der Imprägnierstation 4 zugeführt werden. Für größere Späne 1 oder andere Produktionsrückstände ist eine Rückführung vorgesehen, so daß auch diese zerkleinert und weiterverwendet werden können. Zum Austreiben der Späne 1 aus der Herstellungsmaschine 2 wird zumindest eine Luftdüse 3 verwendet, die derart verfahrbahr ist, daß die Späne 1 in Bearbeitungspausen oder während der Bearbeitung einerseits vom Werkzeug der Herstellungsmaschine weggeblasen werden und andererseits zu einer Sammelstelle 9 geblasen werden, von der sie durch eine Transporteinrichtung der Imprägnierstation 4 zugeführt werden. Der Förderweg der Späne ist mit 15 gekennzeichnet.In Figure 1 is in a flow chart and in Figure 2 in one schematic flow diagram of the process with its essential steps. The chips 1 are in the Production, either targeted or as a waste product, for example from the woodworking industry. The Chips 1 can be directly or via an extraction system and a Filters of the impregnation station 4 are supplied. For bigger ones Chips 1 or other production residue is a return provided so that these are also crushed and reused can be. For driving the chips 1 out of the production machine 2 at least one air nozzle 3 is used, which is movable that the chips 1 in processing breaks or during processing on the one hand from the tool of the manufacturing machine are blown away and on the other hand become one Collection point 9 are blown, from which they are transported by a device the impregnation station 4 are supplied. The The conveyor path of the chips is marked with 15.

    Die so ausgesonderten oder bereitgestellten Späne 1 werden anschließend imprägniert, indem sie in einer Imprägnierstation 4 mit einem Befeuchter mit einer Flüssigkeit befeuchtet werden, die Konservierungsmittel enthält. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung geschieht dies über eine Wirbelkammer, in der die Späne 1 durch einen Luftstrom lose verwirbelt werden, dem ein fein dispergierter Flüssigkeitsnebel beigemischt ist. Anschließend werden die Späne 1 getrocknet und einer Größensortierung (Selektion) zugeführt.The chips 1 thus separated or provided become subsequently impregnated by being in an impregnation station 4 be moistened with a liquid using a humidifier, which contains preservatives. In a preferred embodiment the invention does this via a swirl chamber, in which the chips 1 are loosely swirled by an air stream, which is mixed with a finely dispersed liquid mist is. The chips 1 are then dried and one Size sorting (selection) supplied.

    Die Befeuchtung kann aber auch über eine duschähnliche Benetzung der flächig verteilten Holzspäne geschehen. Hierzu sind Sprühköpfe 19 vorgesehen.The humidification can also be a shower-like Wetting of the wood chips distributed over the surface happen. For this spray heads 19 are provided.

    Das Trocknen der Späne 1 kann innerhalb der oben beschriebenen Wirbelkammer erfolgen (also in der Imprägnierstation), wobei dann ein diskontinuierlicher Betrieb erfolgt. Es ist jedoch auch möglich und wird oft bevorzugt werden, nach der Imprägnierstation einen Rüttelraum 5 anzuordnen, in dem zum einen die Trocknung der Späne 1 durch einen warmen Luftstrom 8 erfolgt und zum anderen die meist abschließende Sortierung der Späne 1 nach verschiedenen Größen und technischer Brauchbarkeit erfolgt. Der Luftstrom ist hier zum Beispiel von unten nach oben gerichtet. Spleiße, Splitter und'andere nicht erwünschte spanähnliche Teile werden hier oder auch in dem Sichtbereich 16 oder Filterbereich 17 ausgesondert und entweder entsorgt oder, wenn dies möglich ist, der Herstellungsmaschine 2 oder einen sonstigen Zerkleinerer (nicht gezeigt) rückgeführt und dort nochmals zerkleinert. Ausschuß wird verpackt und abtransportiert.The drying of the chips 1 can be carried out within those described above Whirl chamber take place (i.e. in the impregnation station), whereby then discontinuous operation takes place. However, it is also possible and will often be preferred after the impregnation station to arrange a vibrating room 5, in which the The chips 1 are dried by a warm air stream 8 and on the other hand the mostly final sorting of the chips 1 according to different sizes and technical usability. For example, the airflow is from bottom to top directed. Splices, splinters and other undesirable chip-like Parts are here or in the viewing area 16 or filter area 17 and either disposed of, or if possible, the manufacturing machine 2 or one other shredder (not shown) returned and there crushed again. Waste is packed and transported away.

    Erfindungsgemäß wird auch vorgeschlagen die Trocknung der Besprühung vorzuschalten, was zum Beispiel in der dargestellten Imprägnierstation 4 dadurch bewirkt werden kann, daß vor den Sprühköpfen 19 eine Heizung vorgesehen ist. Die Heizung besteht zum Beispiel als Infrarotstrahlungsquelle oder Heißluftheizung (Umluft). Die ganze Vorrichtung wird von einer prozessorgesteuerten Steuerung überwacht.The drying of the spray is also proposed according to the invention upstream, for example, what is shown in the Impregnation station 4 can be effected in that before Spray heads 19 a heater is provided. The heating is there for example as an infrared radiation source or hot air heating (Circulating air). The whole device is controlled by a processor Control monitors.

    Der Transport von der Herstellungsmaschine 2 zur Imprägnierstation 4 erfolgt über eine Transporteinrichtung, die einen Vorratsspeicher aufweisen kann, in den ein im wesentlichen kontinuierlicher Spanfluß eingebracht wird und der diskontinuierlich durch Abtransport einzelner Chargen entleert wird. Diese Chargen werden über Rüttelwannen zur Imprägnierstation 4 transportiert, wobei während des Transportes bereits feine Staubteilchen und eventuell Sägemehlpartikel ausgesondert werden können.The transport from the manufacturing machine 2 to the impregnation station 4 takes place via a transport device, the one Can have storage in which an essentially continuous chip flow is introduced and the discontinuous is emptied by removing individual batches. These batches are transferred to impregnation station 4 via vibrating tanks transported, while already fine during transport Dust particles and possibly sawdust particles are separated out can.

    Die imprägnierten und getrockneten Späne 1 werden in der Abfüllstation 18 in Verpackungssäcke 7 verpackt, wobei diese bevorzugt gepreßt werden, so daß eine Verdichtung im Verhältnis 1:2 entsteht. Die Verpackungssäcke 7 sind bevorzugt großvolumige Säcke, sogenannte "Big-Bags", die aus faserverstärktem Folienmaterial bestehen können. Diese "Big-Bags" sind leicht transportier- und wiederverwertbar und reduzieren damit die Lager- und Transportkosten deutlich. Neben den fertigen Spänen können weitere Säcke mit Holzmehl oder sonstigem Gut, insbesondere Ausschuß abgepackt werden.The impregnated and dried chips 1 are in the filling station 18 packed in packaging bags 7, these are preferably pressed so that compression in the ratio 1: 2 arises. The packaging bags 7 are preferably large-volume Sacks, so-called "big bags", made of fiber-reinforced Foil material can exist. These "big bags" are light transportable and recyclable and thus reduce the Storage and transport costs significantly. In addition to the finished chips can add more bags of wood flour or other good, in particular Committee can be packed.

    In Figur 3 ist der Bereich des Bearbeitungswerkzeuges der Herstellungsmaschine 2 schematisch dargestellt. Die Luftdüse 3 ist an einem Portal 10 angeordnet und längs dieses Portals verfahrbar, so daß hier mit einer einzigen Luftdüse 3 die Späne 1 vom Werkzeug weggeblasen und anschließend in die Sammelstelle 9 getrieben werden können. Hierdurch werden Kosten und auch Bauraum eingespart, wodurch eine kompakte Bauweise der Vorrichtung zum Herstellen der Späne ermöglicht wird. Bevorzugt wird der Luftstrom 8 über ein Gebläse erzeugt, daß während der Bearbeitungspausen durch den Antrieb der Herstellungsmaschine 2 angetrieben wird.In Figure 3 is the area of the machining tool of the manufacturing machine 2 shown schematically. The air nozzle 3 is arranged on a portal 10 and movable along this portal, so that here the chips 1 from a single air nozzle 3 The tool was blown away and then to the collection point 9 can be driven. This means costs and space saved, resulting in a compact design of the device for producing the chips is made possible. The is preferred Airflow 8 generated by a fan that during machining breaks by driving the manufacturing machine 2 is driven.

    Die gesamte Vorrichtung befindet sich in einem gekapselten Maschinengehäuse 11. Die gesamte Abluft im System wird über eine Abluftanlage 12 abgesaugt, im Filter 13 vom Staub getrennt und zum Beispiel als Druckluft der Luftdüse 3 wieder zugeführt. Das Filtrat 13 wird dabei zum Beispiel automatisch der Sammelstelle 9 (über den Kanal 14) zugeführt. Die ganze Anlage wird hierbei mit Unterdruck betrieben, um die Luft der Halle nicht mit der Abluft der Vorrichtung zu belasten.The entire device is encapsulated Machine housing 11. The total exhaust air in the system is over an exhaust system 12 is suctioned, separated from the dust in the filter 13 and fed back to the air nozzle 3 as compressed air, for example. The filtrate 13 is automatically, for example Collection point 9 (via channel 14) fed. The whole facility is operated with negative pressure to the air of the hall not to be polluted with the exhaust air from the device.

    Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die Verwertung der Späne kann bei der Holzbearbeitung, etwa beim Hobeln, die sonst übliche Spanabsaugung und Filterung eingespart werden, wodurch im Verhältnis zum Beispiel zur üblichen Hobelmaschine weitere Kosten eingespart werden. Die Herstellungsmaschine 2 ist bevorzugt schallgedämmt aufgebaut und zusammen mit den Funktionsteilen zur Durchführung des oben geschriebenen Verfahrens staubdicht gekapselt.By the inventive method and the recycling of Shavings can occur in woodworking, such as planing, which otherwise Usual chip extraction and filtering can be saved in relation to the usual planer, for example Costs can be saved. The manufacturing machine 2 is preferred built up soundproof and together with the functional parts to carry out the procedure described above encapsulated dustproof.

    Claims (24)

    1. Method for producing chip material where, by means of a production machine (2) which removes chips, chips (1) are produced which are transported via a transport system from the production machine to a store, where the chips undergo a conservation treatment after the production, characterised in that the chips (1) are blown to a collecting point (9) within the production machine (2) for use as heat relief or insulating material after production, fed from there by mechanical transport means to an impregnating unit (4) and then are packed in a packaging unit (6).
    2. Method for producing chip material according to claim 1, characterised in that the chips in the impregnating unit (4) at first are drizzled with an impregnating agent and then are dried, respectively heated.
    3. Method for producing chip material according to claim 1, characterised in that the chips in the impregnating unit (4) at first are dried, respectively heated, and then are drizzled with an impregnating agent.
    4. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that whey or basic saponified whey is used as an impregnating agent.
    5. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the chips are selected according to seize and shape in or after the impregnating unit, before, during or after drying.
    6. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the chips are dried, respectively pre-dried, before they are impregnated in the impregnating unit.
    7. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the chips are impregnated according to one or more of the following parameters:
      a) Drying process with temperatures of 150°C up to the fire point of the chip material, preferably about 200°C;
      b) Drying process during a period of a few minutes until 4 hours, preferably 90 minutes;
      c) Application of an ambient pressure up to 2 Mpa (= 20 bar) to the chips;
      d) Impregnation of damp or pre-moistened chips;
      e) Impregnation and/or drying in an inert gas atmosphere, preferably in nitrogen atmosphere.
    8. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the chips (1) are blown within the production machine (2) first through a first ventilator out of the machining area into outer areas of a machining space of the production machine (2), and then either through the first ventilator, which then is designed with a movable air jet (3), or a second ventilator into the collecting point, the first ventilator, respectively the second ventilator, being able to produce an air current (7) revolving the machining space, which is directed to the collecting point.
    9. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that a conveying belt or scraper floor is used as a means of transport using the begin of the transport means as collecting point (9) or the chip material falling from a funnel, which forms the collecting point (9), to the transport means.
    10. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the chip material is conveyed via the transport means into a feeding store and collected there until a certain amount is reached, and then this amount of chip material is fed from the feeding store into the impregnating unit (4).
    11. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the chip material is sieved before it is fed into the impregnating unit in order to separate small particles and dust.
    12. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transport means is formed by a first transport means for conveying the chips (1) from the collecting point (9) to the feeding store and a second transport means for conveying the amount of chips (1) collected in the feeding store to the feeding store of the impregnating unit (4), at least one vibrating trough with a sieve-like floor being used as a second transport means and the collected amount of the chips (1) being sieved during the transport through the second means of transport.
    13. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that a whirl chamber is used as an impregnating unit (4), within which the fed chips (1) are swirled and moistened by a drizzled-in mist of impregnating agent (19).
    14. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the impregnated chips (1) are selected and dried in a vibrating room (5), the vibrating room (5) being flown-through by hot air (8) and having several oscillating grids, and the chips (1) being conveyed for separating the different shapes one after the other over the individual grids and the chips falling through the grids, respectively the chips (1) remaining on the last grid, being fed into different packaging devices.
    15. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the impregnated and dried chips (1) are pressed into packaging containers or sacks.
    16. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that undesirably large chips (1) are disintegrated and then the disintegrated chips (1) are fed into the feeding store.
    17. Method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that all steps of the process are carried out in a dust-proof secluded room.
    18. Apparatus for producing chips according to a method according to one or more of the preceding claims, comprising a production machine (2) which removes chips, by means of which the chips (1) are produced, a transport system for transporting the chips (1) from the production machine (2) to a store, the chips undergoing a conservation treatment after the production, characterised in that the production machine has in its machining room a revolving jet (3) which blows the chips (1) away from the tool into a collecting point (9) provided within the production machine, the chips being fed from there through mechanical transport means into an impregnating unit (4) and then being separated and dried in a vibrating room (5) and after that being packaged in a packaging unit (6).
    19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterised in that the production machine (2) is a planing machine with at least one planing tool, the air jet (3) being guided along a portal (10) surrounding the planing tool.
    20. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims 18 and 19, characterised in that the store has an amount limiter and after activating the amount limiter the collected amount of chips can be transferred to the second transport device automatically.
    21. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims 18 to 20, characterised in that the vibrating room (5) has a hot air supply, the hot air being produced over a heat exchanger, which takes in the room air of the surroundings of the production machine (2).
    22. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims 18 to 21, characterised in that the chip-producing production machine (2), the impregnation and drying unit (4) and the sieve and screening unit (5) are arranged hybridized in a common machine housing (11).
    23. Chips, in particular chips of wood produced according to a method according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the chips (1) for the use as heat relief or insulating material are dried in a hot air current, in particular in a hot air current of 150°C to 270°C.
    24. Chips according to claim 23, characterised in that the chip has at least at its surface a layer of whey, respectively saponified whey, converted into caramel or crystallized.
    EP99123048A 1998-11-19 1999-11-19 Process and installation for producing impregnated wood shavings Expired - Lifetime EP1004413B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19853496A DE19853496C1 (en) 1998-11-19 1998-11-19 Method and device for producing chips
    DE19853496 1998-11-19

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1004413A1 EP1004413A1 (en) 2000-05-31
    EP1004413B1 true EP1004413B1 (en) 2002-09-18

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    ID=7888400

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP99123048A Expired - Lifetime EP1004413B1 (en) 1998-11-19 1999-11-19 Process and installation for producing impregnated wood shavings

    Country Status (3)

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    EP (1) EP1004413B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE224273T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19853496C1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE10327848B4 (en) * 2003-06-18 2006-12-21 Kay Brandenburg Wood particle mixture for a wood-plastic composite and method for producing the wood particle mixture
    EP1726903A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-29 San Ford Machinery Co., Ltd. Drying device for a wood-waste collecting machine
    EP1806213B1 (en) 2005-12-27 2008-04-30 Jakob Friederich Werz Process for impregnation of wood chips
    DE102014101173A1 (en) * 2014-01-30 2015-08-13 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Apparatus and method for dispersing wood particles

    Citations (1)

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    DE2736372A1 (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-02-22 Pfleiderer Fa G A Dryer for wood:chips with drying chamber under vacuum - into which air and charge are placed, and removed together after drying

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    DE152132C (en) *
    US4195403A (en) * 1979-05-09 1980-04-01 Gruber Clarence R Sawdust removal device
    FI69981C (en) * 1983-01-21 1986-09-12 Martti Vuollet Hugg
    DE8901092U1 (en) * 1989-02-01 1989-03-30 Hundegger, Hans, 8941 Hawangen Device for chip removal on planing machines
    SU1645154A1 (en) * 1989-05-31 1991-04-30 Горьковское Производственное Объединение "Стройдеталь" Method for manufacturing fireproof chip boards
    DE8915933U1 (en) * 1989-09-19 1992-04-09 Fried Kunststofftechnik GmbH, 7068 Urbach Chip catcher for a table milling machine
    DE4221624C1 (en) * 1992-07-01 1993-07-15 Hubert 8941 Erkheim De Fritz
    DE4335363A1 (en) * 1993-10-16 1995-04-20 Bernd Zymelka Arrangement for catching wood waste for panel-sizing circular saws
    DE19702843C1 (en) * 1997-01-27 1998-08-20 Helmut Resle Insulation material production method, using timber waste

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    DE2736372A1 (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-02-22 Pfleiderer Fa G A Dryer for wood:chips with drying chamber under vacuum - into which air and charge are placed, and removed together after drying

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP1004413A1 (en) 2000-05-31
    ATE224273T1 (en) 2002-10-15
    DE59902733D1 (en) 2002-10-24
    DE19853496C1 (en) 2000-08-03

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