EP1003967B1 - Measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1003967B1
EP1003967B1 EP98949883A EP98949883A EP1003967B1 EP 1003967 B1 EP1003967 B1 EP 1003967B1 EP 98949883 A EP98949883 A EP 98949883A EP 98949883 A EP98949883 A EP 98949883A EP 1003967 B1 EP1003967 B1 EP 1003967B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
diag
measuring
diagnostic device
upr
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EP98949883A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1003967A1 (en
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Alfons Fisch
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
    • F02P3/0552—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • From DE 4039356 C1 is a circuit arrangement for determining the burning voltage of an ignition system of an internal combustion engine known which the on the primary side of an ignition coil transformed spark plug burning voltage by means of a Emitter follower switched voltage converter evaluates.
  • From DE 2759155 C2 is a circuit arrangement for detection the spark duration in ignition devices for internal combustion engines known, in which the primary-side Zünddozenssverlauf a transistor-controlled ignition coil means an integrator device and a downstream Having triggering means with a predetermined response voltage, converted into a square pulse, the duration of which Spark duration corresponds.
  • the primary ignition voltage located at the ignition switch has relatively high voltage levels that are above the input voltage range from standard op amps lie, particularly complicated clamping circuits are required. Besides, it is not alone with the comparators done, but it requires multiple peak memory as well as an evaluation logic.
  • the ignition switch Power output transistor
  • the spark duration to capture and take appropriate action, if this is outside of a specified setpoint range lies.
  • the primary-side ignition voltage has switched through power output stage a low level of the order of approx. 2V and rises after switching off the current flow through the Primary winding in the ignition moment briefly to about 300 to 400 V (spark plug) until it is on the secondary side of the spark plugs comes to a rollover.
  • the primary side is leveling off Ignition voltage to a value above the battery voltage Vbat on, from the battery voltage, the burning voltage the spark gap and the gear ratio the ignition coil depends.
  • the primary side Ignition voltage corresponding to one of the battery voltage Vbat Value back.
  • the primary-side ignition voltage Upr thus has a relatively high Voltage levels that are above the input voltage range integrated circuits are and special clamping circuits make necessary.
  • the present invention is based on the object, a in particular for integrated circuits suitable measuring and Diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine to create the relatively large level differences the primary-side ignition voltage in the interest Range through simple circuitry in one wide temperature range with a single reference voltage safely detectable and evaluable and at the same time in addition to generating a signal to measure the spark duration also monitors the ignition switch and on detection an error generates signals when it occurs, the ignition switch or the internal combustion engine by switching off before Destruction can be protected.
  • the circuit of the measuring and diagnostic device according to the invention advantageously consists of relatively few components, which are well suited for integration.
  • the single figure described below shows a block diagram of a measuring and diagnostic device according to the invention for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine.
  • a battery voltage Vbat for example, + 12V
  • the ignition switch 3 switches the primary current Ipr through the primary winding 2 of the ignition coil 1 periodically on and off by means of control signals Ust supplied thereto, resulting in the previously described profile of the ignition voltage Upr at the ignition switch 3, which is evaluated for measurement and diagnostic purposes.
  • Transistor T1 is part of a first control circuit 4, which from a first linear amplifier 8 switched operational amplifier consists. Its noninverting input "+” is connected to the connection point K1, the input of the control circuit between the collector of T1 and the protective resistor R1 connected.
  • the inverting input "-" is with a Reference voltage Uref (for example, + 3V) applied, which in this embodiment, from an auxiliary voltage Vcc (For example, + 5V) via a voltage divider R4, R5 won becomes.
  • Parallel to the resistor R5 is a capacitor C1 switched to hide any interference voltages.
  • Of the Output of the first linear amplifier 8 is connected to the base of connected to the first transistor T1.
  • the output of the first control circuit 4 is also connected to the noninverting input "+" of a first comparator 5 connected, whose inverting input "-" with a first Comparison voltage V1 (for example + 0.3V) applied is which, for example, from the auxiliary voltage Vcc (+ 5V) is obtained via a voltage divider R8, R9.
  • a diagnostic signal Taken from IGBT-Diag Taken from IGBT-Diag.
  • a second control circuit 7 with identical Structure provided as the first control circuit 4, a second transistor T2 and a second linear amplifier 9 wherein also here the inverting input "-" with the reference voltage Uref (+ 3V) is applied, and wherein the collector of the second transistor T2 and the non-inverting Input "+” of the second linear amplifier 9 via a Input K2 are connected, which on the one hand via a Resistor R2 with the battery voltage Vbat and on the other hand connected via a resistor R3 to the auxiliary voltage Vcc is.
  • the resistors R1, R2 and R3 can be used for better adaptation the circuit to different needs external, not be integrated resistors.
  • the output of the second control circuit 7 is connected to the non-inverting Input "+” connected to a second comparator 6, its inverting input "-" with the output of the first control circuit 4 is connected.
  • a measurement signal IGN-Diag can be tapped.
  • the circuit described above operates as follows: via the protective resistor R1 of the control circuit 4 is the Primary voltage Upr supplied.
  • the control circuit works like this, that it always tries to set a voltage at input K1, which is equal to the reference voltage Uref, preferably slightly larger than the maximum saturation voltage of the ignition switch is selected.
  • the differential voltage Upr-Uref drops across the protective resistor R1 by the linear amplifier increasing its output signal Vo> 0.7V so far as the transistor T1 controls so that the voltage Uref is present at the input K1.
  • a voltage Upr - Uref drops across the protective resistor R1.
  • a first current I1 (Upr - Uref) / R1.
  • the currents I1 and I2 can be used as (analog) reference currents serve, the comparator 6 as a current comparator may be formed, which the currents I1 and I2 by means Current mirror circuits (not shown) are supplied.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Meß- und Diagnoseeinrichtung für ein Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus DE 4039356 C1 ist eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Ermittlung der Brennspannung eines Zündsystems einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, welche die auf die Primärseite einer Zündspule transformierte Zündkerzen-Brennspannung mittels eines als Emitterfolger geschalteten Spannungswandlers auswertet.From DE 4039356 C1 is a circuit arrangement for determining the burning voltage of an ignition system of an internal combustion engine known which the on the primary side of an ignition coil transformed spark plug burning voltage by means of a Emitter follower switched voltage converter evaluates.

Aus der DE 2759155 C2 ist eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Erfassung der Funkenbrenndauer in Zündeinrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, bei welcher der primärseitige Zündspannungsverlauf einer transistorgesteuerten Zündspule mittels einer Integratoreinrichtung und einer nachgeschalteten Triggereinrichtung mit vorgegebener Ansprechspannung aufweist, in einen Rechteckimpuls gewandelt, dessen Dauer der Funkenbrenndauer entspricht.From DE 2759155 C2 is a circuit arrangement for detection the spark duration in ignition devices for internal combustion engines known, in which the primary-side Zündspannungsverlauf a transistor-controlled ignition coil means an integrator device and a downstream Having triggering means with a predetermined response voltage, converted into a square pulse, the duration of which Spark duration corresponds.

Aus US 4,331,922 ist eine Diagnoseeinrichtung für ein Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Überwachung der Batteriespannung, des Zündschalters und der Funkenkopfspannung bekannt, welche mehrere Komparatoren zum Vergleichen der Primärspannung mit verschiedenen Referenzspannungen aufweist, wobei die Komparatorausgänge über Spitzenwertspeicher mit einer Logik verbunden sind, die Einrichtungen zum Anzeigen von Fehlbedingungen steuert.From US 4,331,922 is a diagnostic device for an ignition system an internal combustion engine for monitoring the battery voltage, the ignition switch and the spark plug voltage known which several comparators for comparing the primary voltage having different reference voltages, wherein the comparator outputs via peak memory with a Logic connected to the facilities for displaying Malfunction controls.

Da die am Zündschalter liegende, primärseitige Zündspannung relativ hohe Spannungspegel aufweist, die oberhalb des Eingangsspannungsbereichs von Standard-Operationsverstärkern liegen, sind besonders komplizierte Klemmschaltungen erforderlich. Außerdem ist es mit den Komparatoren allein nicht getan, sondern es sind mehrere Spitzenwertspeicher erforderlich sowie eine Auswertelogik.Since the primary ignition voltage located at the ignition switch has relatively high voltage levels that are above the input voltage range from standard op amps lie, particularly complicated clamping circuits are required. Besides, it is not alone with the comparators done, but it requires multiple peak memory as well as an evaluation logic.

Bei der Entwicklung von Zündsystemen in Brennkraftmaschinen hat sich gezeigt, daß es erforderlich ist, den Zündschalter (Leistungsendstufen- Transistor) vor Zerstörung zu schützen, wenn beispielsweise die Primärwicklung der Zündspule einen Kurzschluß zum Pluspol der Batteriespannungsquelle aufweist. Außerdem ist es für Diagnosezwecke hilfreich, die Funkenbrenndauer zu erfassen und geeignete Maßnahmen zu treffen, falls diese außerhalb eines vorgegebenen Sollwertbereichs liegt.In the development of ignition systems in internal combustion engines has been shown that it is necessary, the ignition switch (Power output transistor) to protect against destruction, if, for example, the primary winding of the ignition coil a Short to positive pole of the battery voltage source has. In addition, it is helpful for diagnostic purposes, the spark duration to capture and take appropriate action, if this is outside of a specified setpoint range lies.

Ein charakteristisches Auswertesignal, aus dem die zuvor genannten zwei Phänomene meßbar und auswertbar sind, stellt der primärseitige Verlauf der Zündspannung dar.A characteristic evaluation signal from which the aforementioned two phenomena are measurable and evaluable, the Primary side course of the ignition voltage.

Die primärseitige Zündspannung hat bei durchgeschalteter Leistungsendstufe einen Low-Pegel in der Größenordnung von ca. 2V und steigt nach dem Abschalten des Stromflusses durch die Primärwicklung im Zündzeitpunkt kurzzeitig auf ca. 300 bis 400 V (Funkenkopf) an, bis es sekundärseitig an den Zündkerzen zu einem Überschlag kommt. Danach pendelt sich die primärseitige Zündspannung auf einen Wert oberhalb der Batteriespannung Vbat ein, der von der Batteriespannung, der Brennspannung der Funkenstrecke und von dem Übersetzungsverhältnis der Zündspule abhängt. Sobald dann die in der Zündspule gespeicherte Energie abgebaut ist, schwingt die primärseitige Zündspannung auf einen der Batteriespannung Vbat entsprechenden Wert zurück. The primary-side ignition voltage has switched through power output stage a low level of the order of approx. 2V and rises after switching off the current flow through the Primary winding in the ignition moment briefly to about 300 to 400 V (spark plug) until it is on the secondary side of the spark plugs comes to a rollover. After that, the primary side is leveling off Ignition voltage to a value above the battery voltage Vbat on, from the battery voltage, the burning voltage the spark gap and the gear ratio the ignition coil depends. As soon as the stored in the ignition coil Energy is degraded, swinging the primary side Ignition voltage corresponding to one of the battery voltage Vbat Value back.

Die primärseitige Zündspannung Upr weist also relativ hohe Spannungspegel auf, die oberhalb des Eingangsspannungsbereichs integrierter Schaltkreise liegen und besondere Klemmschaltungen erforderlich machen.The primary-side ignition voltage Upr thus has a relatively high Voltage levels that are above the input voltage range integrated circuits are and special clamping circuits make necessary.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine insbesondere für integrierte Schaltungen geeignete Meß- und Diagnoseeinrichtung für ein Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, welche die relativ großen Pegelunterschiede der primärseitigen Zündspannung im interessierenden Bereich durch einfache schaltungstechnische Maßnahmen in einem weiten Temperaturbereich mit einer einzigen Referenzspannung sicher detektierbar und auswertbar macht und gleichzeitig neben der Erzeugung eines Signals zur Messung der Funkenbrenndauer auch den Zündschalter überwacht und bei Erkennen eines Fehlers Signale erzeugt, bei deren Auftreten der Zündschalter bzw. die Brennkraftmaschine durch Abschalten vor Zerstörung geschützt werden kann.The present invention is based on the object, a in particular for integrated circuits suitable measuring and Diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine to create the relatively large level differences the primary-side ignition voltage in the interest Range through simple circuitry in one wide temperature range with a single reference voltage safely detectable and evaluable and at the same time in addition to generating a signal to measure the spark duration also monitors the ignition switch and on detection an error generates signals when it occurs, the ignition switch or the internal combustion engine by switching off before Destruction can be protected.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Einrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1 solved.

Die Schaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Meß- und Diagnoseeinrichtung besteht vorteilhafterweise aus relativ wenigen Bauelementen, die sich gut für die Integration eignen.The circuit of the measuring and diagnostic device according to the invention advantageously consists of relatively few components, which are well suited for integration.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments of the inventions result from the dependent claims.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt. An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown.

Die nachstehend beschriebene, einzige Figur zeigt ein Prinzipschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Meß- und Diagnoseeinrichtung für ein Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine.
An der Reihenschaltung einer Zündspule 1 und eines Zündschalters 3 liegt eine Batteriespannung Vbat (beispielsweise +12V) einer nicht dargestellten Bordspannungsquelle. Der Zündschalter 3 schaltet mittels ihm zugeführter Steuersignale Ust den Primärstrom Ipr durch die Primärwicklung 2 der Zündspule 1 periodisch ein und aus, wodurch sich der zuvor beschriebene Verlauf der am Zündschalter 3 liegenden Zündspannung Upr ergibt, der zu Meß- und Diagnosezwecken ausgewertet wird.The single figure described below shows a block diagram of a measuring and diagnostic device according to the invention for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine.
At the series connection of an ignition coil 1 and an ignition switch 3 is a battery voltage Vbat (for example, + 12V) of an on-board voltage source, not shown. The ignition switch 3 switches the primary current Ipr through the primary winding 2 of the ignition coil 1 periodically on and off by means of control signals Ust supplied thereto, resulting in the previously described profile of the ignition voltage Upr at the ignition switch 3, which is evaluated for measurement and diagnostic purposes.

Vom Verbindungspunkt zwischen Primärspule 2 und Zündschalter 3 ist eine Reihenschaltung eines Schutzwiderstandes R1 und eines ersten Transistors T1 nach Masse (Minuspol der Bordspannungsquelle) geschaltet, wobei der Emitter des Transistors T1 mit Masse und sein Kollektor mit dem Schutzwiderstand R1 verbunden ist.From the connection point between primary coil 2 and ignition switch 3 is a series connection of a protective resistor R1 and a first transistor T1 to ground (negative pole of the on-board voltage source) switched, the emitter of the transistor T1 with ground and its collector with the protective resistor R1 is connected.

Transistor T1 ist Teil einer ersten Regelschaltung 4, welche aus einem als erster Linearverstärker 8 geschalteten Operationsverstärker besteht. Dessen nichtinvertierender Eingang "+" ist mit dem Verbindungspunkt K1, dem Eingang der Regelschaltung - zwischen dem Kollektor von T1 und dem Schutzwiderstand R1 verbunden. Der invertierende Eingang "- " ist mit einer Referenzspannung Uref (beispielsweise +3V) beaufschlagt, welche in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel aus einer Hilfsspannung Vcc (beispielsweise +5V) über einen Spannungsteiler R4, R5 gewonnen wird. Parallel zum Widerstand R5 ist ein Kondensator C1 geschaltet, um eventuelle Störspannungen auszublenden. Der Ausgang des ersten Linearverstärkers 8 ist mit der Basis des ersten Transistors T1 verbunden.Transistor T1 is part of a first control circuit 4, which from a first linear amplifier 8 switched operational amplifier consists. Its noninverting input "+" is connected to the connection point K1, the input of the control circuit between the collector of T1 and the protective resistor R1 connected. The inverting input "-" is with a Reference voltage Uref (for example, + 3V) applied, which in this embodiment, from an auxiliary voltage Vcc (For example, + 5V) via a voltage divider R4, R5 won becomes. Parallel to the resistor R5 is a capacitor C1 switched to hide any interference voltages. Of the Output of the first linear amplifier 8 is connected to the base of connected to the first transistor T1.

Der Ausgang der ersten Regelschaltung 4 ist auch mit dem nichtinvertierenden Eingang "+" eines ersten Komparators 5 verbunden, dessen invertierender Eingang "- " mit einer ersten Vergleichsspannung V1 (beispielsweise +0.3V) beaufschlagt ist, welche beispielsweise aus der Hilfsspannung Vcc (+5V) über einen Spannungsteiler R8, R9 gewonnen wird. Am Ausgang des ersten Komparators 5 ist ein Diagnosesignal IGBT-Diag abgreifbar.The output of the first control circuit 4 is also connected to the noninverting input "+" of a first comparator 5 connected, whose inverting input "-" with a first Comparison voltage V1 (for example + 0.3V) applied is which, for example, from the auxiliary voltage Vcc (+ 5V) is obtained via a voltage divider R8, R9. At the Output of the first comparator 5 is a diagnostic signal Taken from IGBT-Diag.

Des weiteren ist eine zweite Regelschaltung 7 mit identischem Aufbau wie die erste Regelschaltung 4 vorgesehen, die einen zweiten Transistor T2 und einen zweiten Linearverstärker 9 aufweist, wobei auch hier der invertierende Eingang "- " mit der Referenzspannung Uref (+3V) beaufschlagt ist, und wobei der Kollektor des zweiten Transistors T2 und der nichtinvertierende Eingang "+" des zweiten Linearverstärker 9 über einen Eingang K2 verbunden sind, welcher einerseits über einen Widerstand R2 mit derBatteriespannung Vbat und andererseits über einen Widerstand R3 mit der Hilfsspannung Vcc verbunden ist. Die Widerstände R1, R2 und R3 können zur besseren Anpassung der Schaltung an unterschiedliche Bedürfnisse externe, nicht integrierte Widerstände sein.Furthermore, a second control circuit 7 with identical Structure provided as the first control circuit 4, a second transistor T2 and a second linear amplifier 9 wherein also here the inverting input "-" with the reference voltage Uref (+ 3V) is applied, and wherein the collector of the second transistor T2 and the non-inverting Input "+" of the second linear amplifier 9 via a Input K2 are connected, which on the one hand via a Resistor R2 with the battery voltage Vbat and on the other hand connected via a resistor R3 to the auxiliary voltage Vcc is. The resistors R1, R2 and R3 can be used for better adaptation the circuit to different needs external, not be integrated resistors.

Der Ausgang der zweiten Regelschaltung 7 ist mit dem nichtinvertierenden Eingang "+" eines zweiten Komparators 6 verbunden, dessen invertierender Eingang "- " mit dem Ausgang der ersten Regelschaltung 4 verbunden ist. Am Ausgang des zweiten Komparators 6 ist ein Meßsignal IGN-Diag abgreifbar.The output of the second control circuit 7 is connected to the non-inverting Input "+" connected to a second comparator 6, its inverting input "-" with the output of the first control circuit 4 is connected. At the exit of the second Comparator 6, a measurement signal IGN-Diag can be tapped.

Die vorstehend beschriebene Schaltung arbeitet, wie folgt: über den Schutzwiderstand R1 wird der Regelschaltung 4 die Primärspannung Upr zugeführt. Die Regelschaltung arbeitet so, daß sie immer versucht, am Eingang K1 eine Spannung einzustellen, die gleich der Referenzspannung Uref ist, die vorzugsweise etwas größer als die maximale Sättigungsspannung des Zündschalters gewählt wird. The circuit described above operates as follows: via the protective resistor R1 of the control circuit 4 is the Primary voltage Upr supplied. The control circuit works like this, that it always tries to set a voltage at input K1, which is equal to the reference voltage Uref, preferably slightly larger than the maximum saturation voltage of the ignition switch is selected.

Ist die Primärspannung Upr kleiner als die Referenzspannung Uref, so wird Transistor T1 vom Ausgangssignal Vo des Linearverstärkers 8 (Vo = 0V) gesperrt und es erfolgt kein Spannungsabfall am Schutzwiderstand R1. Dies ist bei Vorliegen eines Steuersignals Ust bei leitendem Zustand des intakten Zündschalters 3, der in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als IGBT ausgeführt ist, der Fall (Upr ≈ 2.3V < Uref = 3V).If the primary voltage Upr is less than the reference voltage Uref, so transistor T1 is the output signal Vo of the linear amplifier 8 (Vo = 0V) is disabled and there is no voltage drop on the protective resistor R1. This is in existence a control signal Ust in the conductive state of the intact Ignition switch 3, which in this embodiment as IGBT is executed, the case (Upr ≈ 2.3V <Uref = 3V).

Ist hingegen die Primärspannung Upr größer als die Referenzspannung Uref, was im nichtleitenden Zustand des intakten Zündschalters 3 oder bei einem Kurzschluß nach Batteriespannung der Fall ist, so fällt am Schutzwiderstand R1 die Differenzspannung Upr - Uref ab, indem der Linearverstärker durch Erhöhung seines Ausgangssignals Vo > 0.7V den Transistor T1 soweit leitend steuert, daß am Eingang K1 die Spannung Uref anliegt. Das heißt, daß am Schutzwiderstand R1 eine Spannung Upr - Uref abfällt. Dann fließt durch den Schutzwiderstand R1 und durch den Transistor T1 ein erster Strom I1 = (Upr - Uref)/R1. If, on the other hand, the primary voltage Upr is greater than the reference voltage Uref, which is the case in the non-conducting state of the intact ignition switch 3 or in the event of a short circuit to battery voltage, then the differential voltage Upr-Uref drops across the protective resistor R1 by the linear amplifier increasing its output signal Vo> 0.7V so far as the transistor T1 controls so that the voltage Uref is present at the input K1. This means that a voltage Upr - Uref drops across the protective resistor R1. Then flows through the protective resistor R1 and through the transistor T1, a first current I1 = (Upr - Uref) / R1.

Das Ausgangssignal Vo des ersten Linearverstärkers 4 wird im ersten Komparator 5 mit der ersten Vergleichsspannung V1 =0.3V verglichen. Das Ausgangssignal des ersten Vergleichers 5, das Diagnosesignal IGBT-Diag, ist
   IGBT-Diag = L (Low), wenn Upr < Uref;
   IGBT-Diag = H (High), wenn Upr > Uref.The output signal Vo of the first linear amplifier 4 is compared in the first comparator 5 with the first comparison voltage V1 = 0.3V. The output signal of the first comparator 5, the diagnostic signal IGBT-Diag, is
IGBT-Diag = L (Low), if Upr <Uref;
IGBT-Diag = H (High), if Upr> Uref.

Das Diagnosesignal IGBT-Diag kann mit dem Ansteuersignal Ust des Zündschalters 3 über eine diskrete Logikschaltung verknüpft sein. Alternativ dazu ist es möglich, das Ansteuersignal Ust mit dem Diagnosesignal IGBT-Diag in einem Microcontroller zu verarbeiten. Dadurch läßt sich ein digitales Fehlersignal F erzeugen, durch das der Zündschalter 3 abgeschaltet und so vor Zerstörung geschützt werden kann, wenn beispielsweise die Primärwicklung 2 einen Kurzschluß zur Batteriespannung Vbat aufweist:
   F = H, wenn Ust = H und gleichzeitig IGBT-Diag = H;
   F = H, wenn Ust = L und gleichzeitig IGBT-Diag = L.The diagnostic signal IGBT-Diag can be linked to the drive signal Ust of the ignition switch 3 via a discrete logic circuit. Alternatively, it is possible to process the drive signal Ust with the diagnostic signal IGBT-Diag in a microcontroller. As a result, a digital error signal F can be generated, by which the ignition switch 3 can be switched off and protected against destruction if, for example, the primary winding 2 has a short circuit to the battery voltage Vbat:
F = H, if Ust = H and IGBT-Diag = H at the same time;
F = H, if Ust = L and at the same time IGBT-Diag = L.

In diesem Fall wird das Zündsystem sofort abgeschaltet.In this case, the ignition system is switched off immediately.

Die zweite Regelschaltung 9 wird über den Widerstand R2, der gleich groß wie der Schutzwidersztand R1 ist, mit einem Strom IR2 aus der Bordspannungsquelle gespeist, der, wenn am Eingang K2 die Referenzspannung Uref anliegen soll, einen Wert IR2 = (Vbat - Uref)/R2 aufweist. Gleichzeitig wird der zweiten Regelschaltung 9 über den Widerstand R3 ein Strom IR3 aus der Hilfsspannungsquelle Vcc zugeführt, der unter den gleichen Bedingungen einen Wert IR3 = (Vcc - Uref)/R3 aufweist.The second control circuit 9 is connected via the resistor R2, the the same size as the protective resistance R1 is, with a current IR2 fed from the on-board voltage source, which, when at the entrance K2 the reference voltage Uref should be present, a value IR2 = (Vbat - Uref) / R2. At the same time, the second Control circuit 9 via the resistor R3 from a current IR3 the auxiliary voltage source Vcc supplied under the same Conditions has a value IR3 = (Vcc - Uref) / R3.

Durch den zweiten Transistor T2 fließt demnach ein zweiter Strom I2 = IR2 + IR3, der in dem Fall, daß die Primärspannung Upr gleich der Batteriespannung Vbat ist, größer als der erste Strom I1 ist, der durch den ersten Transistor T1 fließt: (Vbat - Uref)/R2 ≡ (Vbat - Uref)/R1, da R1 = R2. Accordingly, a second current I2 = IR2 + IR3 flows through the second transistor T2 which, in the case where the primary voltage Upr is equal to the battery voltage Vbat, is greater than the first current I1 flowing through the first transistor T1: (Vbat - Uref) / R2 ≡ (Vbat - Uref) / R1, since R1 = R2.

Damit dieser größere zweite Strom durch den Transistor T2 fließen kann, muß dieser vom zweiten Linearverstärker 9 weiter aufgesteuert werden als T1, d.h., das Ausgangssignal V2 der zweiten Regelschaltung 7 ist im Fall Upr = Vbat größer als das Ausgangssignal Vo der ersten Regelschaltung 4.So that this larger second current through the transistor T2 can flow, this must continue from the second linear amplifier 9 to be controlled as T1, that is, the output signal V2 the second control circuit 7 is larger in the case Upr = Vbat as the output signal Vo of the first control circuit 4.

Die Ausgangssignale Vo und V2 der beiden Regelschaltungen 4 und 7 werden im zweiten Komparator 6 miteinander verglichen, wobei im Fall Upr = Vbat das Ausgangssignal des zweiten Komparators 6, das Meßsignal IGN-Diag, ein High-Signal ist: IGN-Diag = H. The output signals Vo and V2 of the two control circuits 4th and 7 are compared in the second comparator 6, in the case Upr = Vbat, the output signal of the second comparator 6, the measurement signal IGN-Diag, a high signal is: IGN-Diag = H.

Erst, wenn I1 > I2 wird, was bei etwa Upr = Vbat + 3V der Fall ist (wird bei intaktem Zündsystem nach dem Ausschalten des Zündschalters 3 während der Brenndauer des Zündfunkens in einer Zündkerze sicher überschritten), wird Vo > V2 und damit das Meßsignal IGN-Diag = L. Die Dauer dieses Low-Zustandes des Meßsignals IGN-Diag entspricht der Brenndauer der jeweiligen Zündkerze. Diese Dauer kann digital ausgemessen und mit Schwellwerten verglichen werden.Only when I1> I2, which at about Upr = Vbat + 3V the Case is (with intact ignition system after switching off of the ignition switch 3 during the burning period of the spark in a spark plug safely exceeded), Vo> V2 and thus the measuring signal IGN-Diag = L. The duration of this low state the measurement signal IGN-Diag corresponds to the burning time of the respective Spark plug. This duration can be measured digitally and with Thresholds are compared.

Die Widerstände R2 und R3 werden demnach so bemessen, daß
   I1 < I2 bzw. Vo < V2, wenn Upr = Vbat, und
   I1 > I2 bzw. Vo > V2, wenn Upr = Brennspannung.The resistors R2 and R3 are thus dimensioned so that
I1 <I2 or Vo <V2, if Upr = Vbat, and
I1> I2 or Vo> V2, if Upr = burning voltage.

Mit dem Meßsignal IGN-Diag können folgende Zustände festgestellt werden:

  • a) Brenndauer durch Auszählen der Dauer des Meßsignals IGN-Diag = L;
  • b) Unterbrechung oder Kurzschluß nach Batteriespannung des Primärstromkreises: in diesem Fall bleibt nach Ende des Steuersignals Ust das Meßsignal IGN-Diag = H;
  • c) Unterbrechung in einem Zündkabel oder abgefallener Zündkabelstecker: in diesem Fall entsteht nach Ende des Steuersignals Ust eine sehr kurze Brenndauer (IGN-Diag = L), sie ist kürzer als eine erste vorgegebene Dauer D1;
  • d) sekundärer Kurzschluß in einem Zündkabel oder einer Zündkerze oder verschmutzte Zündkerze: in diesem Fall ist nach Ende des Steuersignals Ust die Brenndauer (IGN-Diag = L) länger als eine zweite vorgegebene Dauer D2.
    • The following conditions can be determined with the measuring signal IGN-Diag:
  • a) burning time by counting the duration of the measuring signal IGN-Diag = L;
  • b) interruption or short circuit to battery voltage of the primary circuit: in this case remains after the end of the control signal Ust the measurement signal IGN-Diag = H;
  • c) interruption in an ignition cable or fallen ignition cable plug: in this case, after the end of the control signal Ust, a very short burning time (IGN-Diag = L) arises, it is shorter than a first predetermined duration D1;
  • d) secondary short circuit in an ignition cable or a spark plug or dirty spark plug: in this case, after the end of the control signal Ust, the burning time (IGN-Diag = L) is longer than a second predetermined duration D2.

    • In den Fällen b, c und d können geeignete Maßnahmen (Abschalten des Zündschalters) zum Schutz des Zündsystems getroffen werden. In cases b, c and d appropriate measures (shutdown of the ignition switch) to protect the ignition system become.

    Bei einer monolithischen Integration der Meß- und Diagnoseeinrichtung können die Ströme I1 und I2 als (analoge) Referenzströme dienen, wobei der Komparator 6 als Stromkomparator ausgebildet sein kann, welchem die Ströme I1 und I2 mittels Stromspiegelschaltungen (nicht dargestellt) zugeführt werden.In a monolithic integration of the measuring and diagnostic device For example, the currents I1 and I2 can be used as (analog) reference currents serve, the comparator 6 as a current comparator may be formed, which the currents I1 and I2 by means Current mirror circuits (not shown) are supplied.

    Claims (9)

    1. Measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine, with an ignition coil (1) of which the primary winding (2) is at a battery voltage (Vbat), and with an ignition switch (3) which periodically interrupts the current (Ipr) through the primary winding (2) of the ignition coil (1),
      characterized in that,
      there is provision for a first control circuit (4) of which the input (K1) is connected via a protective resistor (R1) to the connection point between primary coil (2) and ignition switch (3),
      the first control circuit (4) features a linear amplifier (8) of which the non-inverting input (+) is connected to the input (K1) at the inverting input (-) of which there is a reference voltage (Uref) and of which the output is connected to the base of a first transistor (T1) of which the collector is connected to the input (K1) and of which the emitter is connected to ground,
      the output of the first control circuit (4), at the same time output of the first linear amplifier (8), is connected to the non-inverting input (+) of a first comparator (5) at the inverting input (-) of which there is a first comparison voltage (V1) and at the output of which a diagnostic signal (IGBT diag) can be tapped,
      a second control circuit (7) is provided, identical to the first control circuit (4), with a second linear amplifier (9) and a second transistor (T2), of which the input (K2) is connected via a first resistor (R2) to battery voltage (Vbat) and via a second resistor (R3) to an auxiliary voltage (Vcc), and
      the output of the second control circuit (7), at the same time output of the second linear amplifier (9), is connected to the non-inverting input (+) of a second comparator (6) of which the inverting input (-) is connected to the first output of the first control circuit (4), and at its output a measurement signal (IGN-Diag) can be tapped.
    2. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the protective resistor (R1) and the first resistor (R2) have equal resistance values.
    3. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the reference voltage (Uref) is greater than the maximum saturation voltage of the ignition switch (3).
    4. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the first linear amplifier (8)
      makes the first transistor (T1) non-conducting (Vo = 0V) if the primary voltage (Upr) is less than the reference voltage (Uref), and
      makes the first transistor (T1) conductive (Vo > 0.7V) if the primary voltage (Upr) is greater than the reference voltage (Uref).
    5. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with one of the previous claims, characterized in that the first linear amplifier (8) controls the first transistor (T1) in the case Upr > Uref such that a first current 11 = (Upr - Uref)/R1 sets itself through the protective resistor (R1) which brings about a voltage drop Upr - Uref at the protective resistor (R1).
    6. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the first comparison voltage (V1) has a value 0V < V1 < 0.7V.
    7. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with one of the previous claims, characterized in that the first and the second resistor (R2, R3) are dimensioned so that the second current corresponding to the sum of the currents flowing through them
      is greater than the first current (I1) through the protective resistor (R1) when the primary voltage (Upr) corresponds to the battery voltage (Vbat), and
      is less than the current (I1) through the protective resistor (R1) when the primary voltage (Upr) corresponds to the ignition voltage transformed on the primary side.
    8. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with one of the previous claims, characterized in that the control signal (Ust) of the ignition switch (3), the diagnosis signal (IGBT Diag) and the measurement signal
      (IGN-Diag) are interconnected such that error signals (F) are issued if
         Ust = H and simultaneously IGBT-Diag = H,
         Ust = L and simultaneously IGBT-Diag = L,
         Ust = L and simultaneously IGN-Diag = H,
         Duration of IGN-Diag < D1,
         Duration of IGN-Diag > D2.
    9. Measuring and diagnostic device in accordance with one of the previous claims, characterized in that the second comparator (6) is embodied as a current comparator, to the inputs of which the first and the second current (I1, I2) are fed via current balancing circuits.
    EP98949883A 1997-08-12 1998-08-12 Measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1003967B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19734896 1997-08-12
    DE19734896 1997-08-12
    PCT/DE1998/002342 WO1999007995A1 (en) 1997-08-12 1998-08-12 Measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1003967A1 EP1003967A1 (en) 2000-05-31
    EP1003967B1 true EP1003967B1 (en) 2005-02-16

    Family

    ID=7838737

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98949883A Expired - Lifetime EP1003967B1 (en) 1997-08-12 1998-08-12 Measuring and diagnostic device for an ignition system of an internal combustion engine

    Country Status (4)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP1003967B1 (en)
    KR (1) KR100564083B1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59812578D1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1999007995A1 (en)

    Cited By (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP3880948A4 (en) * 2018-12-21 2023-02-22 Champion Aerospace LLC Spark igniter life detection

    Families Citing this family (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE10133005B4 (en) * 2001-07-06 2014-10-23 Volkswagen Ag Method and device for detecting the interruption of the voltage supply of an ignition coil
    FR2976627B1 (en) * 2011-06-16 2013-07-19 Continental Automotive France METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING A DEFECT IN AN IGNITION SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

    Family Cites Families (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    JPS5786569A (en) * 1980-11-18 1982-05-29 Toshiba Corp Ignition detective circuit
    DE3907616A1 (en) * 1989-03-09 1990-09-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING THE PRIMARY VOLTAGE OF A IGNITION COIL
    EP0740072B1 (en) * 1995-04-28 2002-08-07 STMicroelectronics S.r.l. Method and circuit for detecting the presence of a spark in internal combustion engine

    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP3880948A4 (en) * 2018-12-21 2023-02-22 Champion Aerospace LLC Spark igniter life detection
    US11798324B2 (en) 2018-12-21 2023-10-24 Champion Aerospace Llc Spark igniter life detection

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    KR20010022780A (en) 2001-03-26
    KR100564083B1 (en) 2006-03-27
    DE59812578D1 (en) 2005-03-24
    WO1999007995A1 (en) 1999-02-18
    EP1003967A1 (en) 2000-05-31

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