Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
  • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
  • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
  • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/32—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using wireless devices
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
  • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
  • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
  • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
  • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
  • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
  • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
  • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
  • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
  • G06K19/0724—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs the arrangement being a circuit for communicating at a plurality of frequencies, e.g. for managing time multiplexed communication over at least two antennas of different types
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/32—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using wireless devices
  • G06Q20/327—Short range or proximity payments by means of M-devices
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
  • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
  • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
  • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
  • G06Q20/352—Contactless payments by cards
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
  • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
  • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
  • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
  • G07F7/0873—Details of the card reader
  • G07F7/088—Details of the card reader the card reader being part of the point of sale [POS] terminal or electronic cash register [ECR] itself
  • G07F7/0886—Details of the card reader the card reader being part of the point of sale [POS] terminal or electronic cash register [ECR] itself the card reader being portable for interacting with a POS or ECR in realizing a payment transaction

Definitions

• Portable object with contactless communication following two communication channels inductive and wireless
• the invention relates to contactless communication between a terminal and a portable object.
• each user is provided with a portable object of the type "contactless card” or "contactless badge", which is an object capable of exchanging information with a fixed terminal by bringing the badge of the latter to so as to allow non-galvanic coupling.
• the invention relates to the case where the exchange of information subsequent to this coupling is effected by varying a magnetic field produced by an induction coil, a technique known as the "induction process".
• the terminal includes a tuned circuit excited by an alternating signal which produces an alternating magnetic field in the surrounding space.
• the portable object being in this space detects this field thanks to a circuit tuned on the same frequency and returns signals in the direction of the terminal, by modulation of the coupling for example, thus establishing the desired communication dialogue.
• EP-A-0 565 469 (Innovatron Industries) describes a data exchange system using this technology.
• this induction process involves a short range, typically less than 1 m, preferably less than 20 cm, so as to clearly define the geometry of the action area of the terminal, avoid interference between neighboring terminals and avoid setting up untimely data exchanges with remote badges.
• the present invention proposes the addition to such a badge of long-range communication means (typically a range greater than 10 m, preferably greater than 30 m) making it possible to establish a communication channel separate from the induction channel, usable for other purposes.
• a badge of long-range communication means typically a range greater than 10 m, preferably greater than 30 m
• the invention can also be implemented for example in the field of home automation, the short-range induction communication channel being used as access or unlocking key. alarm, and the long-range communication channel used for remote control functions, for example for opening a gate or a garage door.
• the term “card” or “badge” is in no way limiting, and other forms of portable objects such as key, bracelet, etc. are of course conceivable.
• the “badge” can also consist, still as illustrated in the aforementioned EP-A-0 565 469, of a device comprising, in combination, a microcircuit card of the "smart card” type with contacts combined with a flat case , in which this card is inserted and which comprises the transmission / reception circuits serving as an interface for communication between this microcircuit card and a remote terminal.
• the invention provides a portable object of the type taught for example by the aforementioned US-A-5,054,112, that is to say comprising: means for establishing a first communication channel, by induction and short range, between the portable object and a terminal, these means comprising first data transmission means and data reception means, cooperating with an element tuned so as to pick up a modulated magnetic field coming from a terminal or to produce in response a modulated disturbance of this magnetic field; and means for establishing a second long-range communication channel between the portable object and a receiving device, these means comprising second data transmission means cooperating with an antenna so as to radiate a modulated radio wave.
• the second data transmission means are capable of establishing a communication channel distinct from the induction channel and of transmitting own data to said remote receiving device, and the object further comprises means of selective activation of the second transmission means.
• the second communication channel can be a unidirectional channel and / or an emergency call channel.
• the selective activation means can be actuated at will by the wearer of the portable object, and in particular comprise a push button, with advantageously means for detecting a predefined sequence of presses on the push button;
• the data transmitted by the second data transmission means comprise identification information specific to the portable object
• the portable object comprises two separable members, including a first member, in particular in the form of a card, comprising a microcircuit with a memory containing the data necessary for the implementation of said electronic transactions and, possibly, for the implementation of the communication protocol by the first and / or second communication channel, and a second member, in particular in the form of a case, comprising said means for establishing the first and second communication channels, as well as means for coupling to the first organ; - in the latter case, the portable object may also include selector means, controlled by the selective activation means, for applying a data signal coming from the microcircuit of the first member either to an internal circuit of the second member, when the selective activation means are in the inactive position, or to an input of data from the second data transmission means, when the selective activation means are in the activated position; - the ratio between the long range and the short range is greater than 10: 1, with in particular a short range less than 1 m, preferably less than 20 cm, and a long range greater than 10 m, preferably
• the invention also relates to a system comprising a plurality of devices for receiving data transmitted by portable objects as above via said second communication channel, each of these receiving devices being associated with its own geographic coverage area, characterized in that '' it further includes location means for determining, in the event of reception of a modulated radio wave coming from a portable object, that or those of the devices having received this wave, so as to allow the identification of the area where this portable object is located.
• the reference 10 generally designates a portable object of the "contactless badge” type, which is for example (but not limited to) consisting of a microcircuit card 12 (contact card) inserted in a case 16 integrating the various contactless communication functions in combination with the microcircuit 14 via an interfacing connector 18.
• a mixed structure contact card / case for contactless communication is described in the aforementioned EP-A-0 565 469, to which reference may be made for further details.
• This structure is advantageous in that it makes it possible to distinguish the purely digital functions and signal processing software, specific to the microcircuit 14 of the card (which it is possible to exchange or reprogram easily) and the hardware communication functions. for contactless transmission / reception, as well as the supply means. It is also possible to provide each user with a microcircuit card making it possible to carry out the electronic banking operations and also integrating in advance the software specific to the security call function; the user of the card can, in a second step, obtain a case integrating the means making it possible to effectively implement this security call.
• the microcircuit card 12 can optionally be a mixed contact / contactless card authorizing an exchange of data with the memory of the microcircuit either via the galvanic contacts or by induction by means of circuits incorporated in the card, circuits generally remotely powered by the terminal (these two alternative modes of communication, however, constituting only one "communication channel" within the meaning of the invention, since they are intended to transmit essentially the same data).
• This card 12 of mixed type will be inserted into the case 16 for the implementation of the functions according to the invention.
• the portable object 10 comprises for the inductive exchange of data a tuned circuit 20 consisting of a coil 22 formed of a printed loop and associated with a capacitor 24, the assembly being tuned to a given frequency, for example 13.56 MHz, allowing bidirectional data exchange with a terminal by the technique known as "by induction".
• the portable object also comprises an analog and digital integrated circuit 26, typically produced from a microcontroller and interfacing circuits, the whole being preferably produced in the form of a specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
• ASIC specific integrated circuit
• the circuit 26 receives on a data input / output I / O port information coming from the microcircuit 14 via the input connector. face 18, a line 28 and a selector or multiplexer circuit 30 whose role will be explained below.
• the circuit 26 is also connected to the microcircuit 14 via a bus 32 (clock, reset, supply voltage, ground).
• the circuit 26 is controlled by a quartz 34 and it is connected to a push button 36 which can be actuated externally by the user.
• all of the circuits of the portable object are powered by one or more batteries 38 such as lithium batteries.
• the portable object further comprises a data transmission circuit 40 associated with an antenna 42 suitable for transmitting a radio (radio) wave.
• This transmitter is powered by the batteries 38 (or possibly a single battery). It may for example consist of a single transistor associated with a surface wave filter and a variable capacitance diode.
• the associated antenna is printed on the circuit in order to obtain a compact product. It will be noted that, in order to reduce the cost of the "safety call" function, a unidirectional transmission has been chosen, that is to say that the circuit 40 is, in the example illustrated, not provided with reception functions .
• the transmission frequency is (in no way limiting) 433.92 MHz, with a FSK modulation of 10 kHz ( ⁇ 20%) of the data applied as input to the I / O port.
• the transmitted power is of the order of 7 mW (5 dBM), for a consumption of less than 10 mA under a supply voltage of 4.5 to 6 V supplied by two lithium 38 batteries (or possibly a single battery).
• the circuit 40 also includes an activation input port WR on the order of the circuit 26. The operating sequence is as follows.
• the first case is that of the entry of the portable object into the field of action of an induction terminal.
• the circuit 26 then energizes the microcircuit 14, which will then decide on its operation by examining the status register of the circuit 26.
• the multiplexer 30 directs the I / O signal to the circuit 26 to allow the exchange of data by induction, in itself known and which will not be described in detail.
• FrameStart and FrameEnd are specific sequences which cannot be found in the data, and which vary according to the direction of transmission.
• Data 0 n ldata 1 ... / data nl data n are N bytes of arbitrary data.
• the maximum length of the frame (typically 80 bytes) varies according to the embodiments, and it is limited by the space of RAM memory available in the portable object. It contains all or part of the information enabling a quick and secure telephone transaction to be carried out.
• CRCL and CRCH are two bytes depending on the N data bytes, and which are generated and checked according to the FCS algorithm of the CCITT X25 specification # 2.2.7 and V42 # 8.1.1.6.1.
• the second case is that of pressing the push button 36.
• the circuit 26 again turns on the microcircuit 14, which detects this pressing by reading the state register of the circuit 26. If this pressing is con - firm (for example by keeping the push button pressed) or by a second press at short notice after the first), the microcircuit 14 controls the portable object so that it switches to "emergency call transmission" mode. This mode will have the effect of making the PWR signal active, which will, on the one hand, cause the multiplexer 30 to pass into the position making it possible to direct the data coming from line 28 to the input port I / O of the circuit transmitter 40 and, on the other hand, control the powering up of the transmitter.
• the data specific to the emergency call sequence are then coded and signed by the microcircuit 14 and then transmitted by the transmitter to a remote radio receiver device.
• the signal PWR can be generated by the I / O data coming from the input port of the transmitter 40.
• the message format contains redundancy and uses an error correcting code to correct two errors over eight bits.
• the transmitted data include, for example, the serial number of the card accompanied by a DES signature of this number: this information makes it possible to identify the memory card, and therefore the person, who made the call.
• correction code "2 errors on 8 bits” then detector code "1 error on 4 bits” (4 bytes of serial number generating 20 bytes),
• the software can incorporate a protocol which limits the number of consecutive calls in order to avoid misuse, with resetting by the entry of the portable object in the field of action of an induction terminal.
• the receiver is of a conventional type comprising stages of reception, demodulation and decoding of the signal.
• the receiver is of the so-called “scanning” type, which scans the band of predictable transmission frequencies and which automatically locks onto the frequency. effective frequency.
• the receivers or “beacons” are arranged in various suitable places (for example platforms and subway corridors) so as to cover the widest possible area, with a range of the order of 60 to 70 m.
• the system advantageously includes discriminating means making it possible to know which of the receivers having received the emergency call signal, this in order to locate the person who made this call. If several receivers have simultaneously received the call, it comes from a point located in the region where the action areas of these transmitters overlap. The person making the call will be identified by the 4-byte serial number on the card, contained in the frame received by the receiver; it is not necessary to transmit other information from the portable object to the receivers.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Strategic Management (AREA)
• Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
• Finance (AREA)
• Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
• Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9527449

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 1998
  • 1998-06-16 FR FR9807577A patent/FR2779847B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-06-15 EP EP99925096A patent/EP1002294A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-06-15 CA CA002297797A patent/CA2297797A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-06-15 MX MXPA00001651A patent/MXPA00001651A/es unknown
  • 1999-06-15 WO PCT/FR1999/001426 patent/WO1999066451A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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