EP0997609B1 - Method and apparatus for compactness control of a filling - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for compactness control of a filling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0997609B1 EP0997609B1 EP99402610A EP99402610A EP0997609B1 EP 0997609 B1 EP0997609 B1 EP 0997609B1 EP 99402610 A EP99402610 A EP 99402610A EP 99402610 A EP99402610 A EP 99402610A EP 0997609 B1 EP0997609 B1 EP 0997609B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- backfill
- force
- deformation
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/08—Investigation of foundation soil in situ after finishing the foundation structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/007—Measuring stresses in a pipe string or casing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/006—Measuring wall stresses in the borehole
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling the compaction of a pipe encroachment, as described in preamble of claim 1.
- a filling embankment of a pipe must be sufficiently compacted, that is to say having a sufficient density to constitute a foundation effective for driving, particularly when it is intended to under a road.
- Another known technique is to use a gamma probe and to measure the absorption of gamma rays by the embankment.
- the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages.
- the subject of the invention is also a device for controlling the compacting a backfill, comprising the features of claim 4.
- the recording equipment may include one or more of the features of the dependent claims 5 to 11.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embankment, designated by the general reference numeral 10, in which a line 12 runs.
- the embankment 10 has two zones one of which, 14, constitutes a foundation for a roadway 16 and whose other zone, 18, constitutes a coating zone of the pipe 12.
- FIG. 1 also shows a compaction control apparatus of the coating zone 18, designated by the general reference numeral 20, and disposed in the pipe 12.
- This apparatus 20 controls the compaction of the embankment 10 by applying a force F on the inner surface of the wall of the pipe 12 so as to deform it, as shown in phantom in this figure, this deformation accompanied by a deformation consecutive to the coating zone 18 of the embankment.
- the device calculates the dry density of the embankment from the values of the applied force and the deformation of the embankment, as well as the nature of the latter, and then compares the dry density thus calculated with a dry density value corresponding to compaction optimum backfill.
- the device 20 for controlling the compaction of the embankment will now be described. 10 with reference to FIG.
- the apparatus 20 comprises, mounted on a frame 22, means 24 for applying a force on the wall of the pipe 12, and means 26 measuring the resulting deformation of the embankment by measuring the deformation D of the wall of the pipe.
- the means 24 for applying a force on the wall of the pipe comprise cylinders 28,30,32 and 34 arranged in pairs so that the cylinders 28 and 30 of one pairs exert, in operation, a force on the inner surface of the wall of the conduit 12 in a direction opposite to that exerted by the cylinders 32 and 34 of the other pair.
- the jacks of each pair are arranged on either side of the measuring means 26.
- They are for example constituted by air cylinders capable of exerting a pressure on the pipe in a range from 0 to 10 bars and are preferably double-acting cylinders, that is to say capable of being selectively controlled in tension or in thrust.
- the cylinders 28,30,32 and 34 are connected to a connecting member 36 of the jacks at a pressurized fluid supply source (not shown).
- a pressure sensor 38 is arranged in the fluid circuit each cylinder, between the connection member 36 and the latter, in to measure the force F applied to the wall of the pipe.
- the means 26 for measuring the deformation of the wall 12 of the pipe comprise two measuring rods 40 and 42 extending in the extension of one of the other.
- These measuring rods 40 and 42 are measuring rods of conventional type, appropriate for the intended use. They will not be described in detail by the after.
- the force F exerted on the pipe is applied by means of two skids side 48 and 50 each mounted on the active ends of a cylinder of one of the pairs.
- each pad 48 and 50 has two opposite end zones. 52 and 54 each having a cutout, such as 56, in which one end engages active actuator of a corresponding jack, and whose walls have orifices, such as 58, in which engage pins, such as 60, carried by the active end of each cylinder.
- FIG. 2 also shows that the active face of the median zone 62 of each shoe 48 and 50 is equipped with a roller 64, fixed for example by screwing, with interposition of a washer 66, by means of which the force provided by the jacks is applied to the driving 12.
- Each pad 48 and 50 and each roller 64, and the washer 66 which is associated, are pierced with coaxial orifices, such as 68, in which the active tip engages 44 measurement means, a spring 70 urging the frustoconical head 46 of the latter bearing against the inner face of the pad 48 and 50 corresponding.
- Each pad is further provided with wheels, such as 72, oscillating mounted on a support 76 being mounted on the end zones 52 and 54 of each pad.
- the control device which has just been described is completed by a central unit treatment unit (not shown) to which the measuring means are connected 26 as well as the pressure sensor 38.
- This central unit can be arranged on the frame where it can be placed at a distance, the outside of the pipe 12. It comprises, stored in memory of the calculation algorithms allowing the control of compaction of the embankment, as described in detail above.
- pads 78 and 80 equip the frame 22 on which the device rests in driving. Alternatively, these pads can be replaced by wheels.
- the apparatus 20 should be arranged in line 12.
- the central processing unit receives as input the value D of the consecutive displacement of the wall 12 of the pipe, which represents the value of the deformation of the embankment.
- the stiffness of the embankment is calculated from a calculation of the global stiffness R of driving, by establishing the ratio between the value F of the force applied and the value D of the resulting deformation.
- the optimum compaction being obtained when the value of the dry density reaches a maximum value, known under the name "Optimum Proctor", it is then simply necessary to compare the calculated dry density ⁇ d with a density value corresponding to the Optimum Proctor. , among a set of dry densities stored in memory in the central processing unit each corresponding to an optimum compaction of the embankment, for a type of material likely to enter the constitution of the embankment.
- the cylinders 28, 30, 32 and 34 are controlled by traction so as to exert a force exerted against the force exerted by the spring 70, to reposition the pads 48 and 50 in the waiting position, in which the wheels 72 are applied against the wall of the pipe 12.
- the device can then be easily moved to another location control.
- rollers 64 preferably have a disc shape of which the diameter is substantially equal to 1/10 of the diameter of the pipe to maintain a mechanical similarity with the models used for establishing the relationships mentioned previously allowing the calculation of the dry density.
Description
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de contrôle du compactage d'un remblai d'enrobage d'une conduite, tel que décrit dans le préambule de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a method for controlling the compaction of a pipe encroachment, as described in preamble of claim 1.
Un tel procédé est connu par exemple de la demande de brevet DE-A-37 12 455.Such a process is known, for example, from patent application DE-A-37 12,455.
Un remblai d'enrobage d'une conduite doit être suffisamment compacté, c'est-à-dire avoir une densité suffisante pour constituer une fondation efficace pour la conduite et ce, en particulier, lorsqu'elle est destinée à cheminer sous une route.A filling embankment of a pipe must be sufficiently compacted, that is to say having a sufficient density to constitute a foundation effective for driving, particularly when it is intended to under a road.
Par ailleurs, il est connu d'utiliser un pénétromètre pour contrôler le compactage d'un remblai.Moreover, it is known to use a penetrometer to control the compaction of an embankment.
Une autre technique connue consiste à utiliser une sonde gamma et à mesurer l'absorption des rayons gamma par le remblai.Another known technique is to use a gamma probe and to measure the absorption of gamma rays by the embankment.
De façon générale, ces techniques ne permettent pas d'obtenir une indication précise de la qualité du compactage d'un remblai, et en particulier de la zone d'enrobage d'une conduite, dans la mesure où, d'une part, cette zone est difficilement accessible, et d'autre part, où la qualité du compactage peut varier rapidement dans cette zone, dans la direction verticale, entre le radier et la clé, et dans la direction horizontale, les mesures s'effectuant de façon ponctuelle.In general, these techniques do not make it possible to obtain precise indication of the quality of the compaction of an embankment, and in particular the coating area of a pipe, insofar as, on the one hand, this zone is difficult to access, and secondly, where the quality of compaction may vary quickly in this zone, in the vertical direction, between the slab and the key, and in the horizontal direction, measurements taking place on an ad hoc basis.
Le but de l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients.The object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages.
Elle a donc pour objet un procédé de contrôle du compactage d'un remblai d'enrobage d'une conduite, tel que précité, comprenant en outre les étapes de la partie caractérisante de la revendication 1.It therefore relates to a process for controlling the compaction of a filling embankment of a pipe, as mentioned above, further comprising the steps of the characterizing part of claim 1.
Des modes particuliers de réalisation du procédé figurent dans les revendications dépendantes 2 et 3.Particular embodiments of the process appear in the dependent claims 2 and 3.
L'invention a également pour objet un appareil de contrôle du compactage d'un remblai, comprenant les caractéristiques de la revendication 4.The subject of the invention is also a device for controlling the compacting a backfill, comprising the features of claim 4.
L'appareil de contrôle peut comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des revendications dépendantes 5 à 11. The recording equipment may include one or more of the features of the dependent claims 5 to 11.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront de la description suivante, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique montrant une section en coupe transversale d'un remblai avant et après déformation,
- la figure 2 est une vue en perspective partiellement éclatée d'un appareil de contrôle du compactage du remblai de la figure 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional section of an embankment before and after deformation,
- FIG. 2 is a partially exploded perspective view of a compaction control apparatus of the embankment of FIG. 1.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une vue en coupe transversale d'un remblai,
désigné par la référence numérique générale 10, dans lequel chemine une conduite 12.FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embankment,
designated by the
Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, le remblai 10 comporte deux zones
dont l'une, 14, constitue une fondation pour une chaussée 16 et dont l'autre zone, 18,
constitue une zone d'enrobage de la conduite 12.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté également un appareil de contrôle du compactage
de la zone d'enrobage 18, désigné par la référence numérique générale 20, et disposé
dans la conduite 12.FIG. 1 also shows a compaction control apparatus
of the
Cet appareil 20 contrôle le compactage du remblai 10 en appliquant un effort
F sur la surface interne de la paroi de la conduite 12 de manière à la déformer, comme
représenté en traits mixtes sur cette figure, cette déformation s'accompagnant d'une déformation
consécutive de la zone d'enrobage 18 du remblai.This
Pour obtenir une indication de la qualité du compactage de cette zone d'enrobage
18, l'appareil calcule la densité sèche du remblai à partir des valeurs de l'effort appliqué
et de la déformation du remblai, ainsi que de la nature de ce dernier, puis compare la
densité sèche ainsi calculée avec une valeur de densité sèche correspondant à un compactage
optimum du remblai.For an indication of the compaction quality of this
On va maintenant décrire l'appareil 20 de contrôle du compactage du remblai
10 en référence à la figure 2.The
On voit sur cette figure que l'appareil 20 comporte, montés sur un châssis 22,
des moyens 24 pour appliquer un effort sur la paroi de la conduite 12, et des moyens 26
de mesure de la déformation résultante du remblai par mesure de la déformation D de la
paroi de la conduite.This figure shows that the
Les moyens 24 pour appliquer un effort sur la paroi de la conduite comportent
des vérins, 28,30,32 et 34 disposés par paires de telle sorte que les vérins 28 et 30 de l'une
des paires exercent, en fonctionnement, un effort sur la surface interne de la paroi de la
conduite 12 selon un sens opposé à celui exercé par les vérins 32 et 34 de l'autre paire.The
Comme on le voit sur cette figure 2, les vérins de chacune des paires sont disposés de part et d'autre des moyens 26 de mesure.As seen in this FIG. 2, the jacks of each pair are arranged on either side of the measuring means 26.
Ils sont par exemple constitués par des vérins à air capables d'exercer une pression sur la conduite selon une plage allant de 0 à 10 bars et sont, de préférence, des vérins à double effet, c'est-à-dire capables d'être commandés sélectivement en traction ou en poussée.They are for example constituted by air cylinders capable of exerting a pressure on the pipe in a range from 0 to 10 bars and are preferably double-acting cylinders, that is to say capable of being selectively controlled in tension or in thrust.
Les vérins 28,30,32 et 34 sont connectés à un organe 36 de raccordement des
vérins à une source d'alimentation en fluide sous pression (non représentée).The
Un capteur de pression 38, de type classique, est disposé dans le circuit fluidique
d'alimentation de chaque vérin, entre l'organe 36 de raccordement et ces derniers, en
vue de mesurer l'effort F appliqué sur la paroi de la conduite.A
Les moyens 26 de mesure de la déformation de la paroi 12 de la conduite
comportent deux cannes de mesures 40 et 42 s'étendant dans le prolongement l'une de
l'autre.The
Ces cannes de mesure 40 et 42 sont des cannes de mesure de type classique,
appropriées pour l'utilisation envisagée. Elles ne seront donc pas décrites en détail par la
suite.These measuring
On notera toutefois qu'elles sont dotées chacune d'une pointe d'extrémité active
telle que 44, destinée à être appliquée contre la paroi de la conduite et s'étendant à
partir d'une tête tronconique 46.Note, however, that they each have an active tip end
such as 44, intended to be applied against the wall of the pipe and extending
from a
L'effort F exercé sur la conduite est appliqué par l'intermédiaire de deux patins
latéraux 48 et 50 montés chacun sur les extrémités actives d'un vérin de l'une des paires.The force F exerted on the pipe is applied by means of two
Pour ce faire, chaque patin 48 et 50 comporte deux zones d'extrémités opposées
52 et 54 dotées chacune d'une découpe, telle que 56, dans laquelle s'engage une extrémité
active d'un vérin correspondant, et dont les parois sont dotées d'orifices, tels que
58, dans lesquels s'engagent des ergots, tels que 60, portés par l'extrémité active de chaque
vérin. To do this, each
On voit par ailleurs sur la figure 2 que la face active de la zone médiane 62 de
chaque patin 48 et 50 est équipée d'un galet 64, fixé par exemple par vissage, avec interposition
d'une rondelle 66, au moyen duquel l'effort fourni par les vérins est appliqué à la
conduite 12.FIG. 2 also shows that the active face of the
Chaque patin 48 et 50 ainsi que chaque galet 64, et la rondelle 66 qui lui est
associée, sont percés d'orifices coaxiaux, tels que 68, dans lesquels s'engage la pointe active
44 des moyens de mesure, un ressort 70 sollicitant la tête tronconique 46 de ces derniers
en appui contre la face interne du patin 48 et 50 correspondant.Each
Chaque patin est en outre doté de roulettes, telles que 72, montées oscillantes
sur un support 76 venant se monter sur les zones d'extrémité 52 et 54 de chaque patin.Each pad is further provided with wheels, such as 72, oscillating mounted
on a
L'appareil de contrôle qui vient d'être décrit est complété par une unité centrale
de traitement (non représentée) à laquelle sont raccordés les moyens de mesure 26
ainsi que le capteur de pression 38.The control device which has just been described is completed by a central unit
treatment unit (not shown) to which the measuring means are connected 26
as well as the
Cette unité centrale peut être disposé sur la châssis où être placée à distance, à
l'extérieur de la conduite 12. Elle comporte, stockés en mémoire des algorithmes de calcul
permettant le contrôle du compactage du remblai, comme décrit en détail ci-dessus.This central unit can be arranged on the frame where it can be placed at a distance,
the outside of the
Enfin, deux patins 78 et 80 équipent le châssis 22 sur lesquels l'appareil repose
dans la conduite. En variante, ces patins peuvent être remplacés par des roulettes.Finally, two
Pour procéder au contrôle du compactage de la zone d'enrobage 18 du remblai
10, il convient de disposer l'appareil 20 dans la conduite 12.To carry out the compaction control of the
En position d'attente, les patins 48 et 50 sont en appui contre la paroi de la
conduite 12, par l'intermédiaire des roulettes 72.In the waiting position, the
On pilote ensuite, comme mentionné précédemment, les vérins de manière qu'ils appliquent un effort F en deux zones diamétralement opposées de la conduite, de manière à ovaliser sa section en coupe transversale, comme représenté sur la figure 1.We then pilot, as mentioned before, the cylinders so that they apply a force F in two diametrically opposite zones of the pipe, way to ovalize its section in cross section, as shown in Figure 1.
L'unité centrale de traitement reçoit en entrée la valeur D du déplacement consécutif
de la paroi 12 de la conduite, laquelle représente la valeur de la déformation du
remblai.The central processing unit receives as input the value D of the consecutive displacement
of the
On calcule la raideur du remblai à partir d'un calcul de la raideur globale R de la conduite, en établissant le rapport entre la valeur F de l'effort appliqué et la valeur D de la déformation résultante. The stiffness of the embankment is calculated from a calculation of the global stiffness R of driving, by establishing the ratio between the value F of the force applied and the value D of the resulting deformation.
A partir de la raideur R calculée, l'unité centrale procède à un calcul du module
élastique Es à partir de la raideur globale R et de la raideur propre de la conduite,
selon la relation suivante :
A partir du module élastique Es et de la nature du remblai, l'unité centrale de
traitement procède à un calcul de la densité sèche γd selon la relation suivante:
p' désigne la pression effective régnant dans le sol, à la profondeur de la conduite,
et
A est un coefficient qui dépend de la nature du remblai.From the elastic modulus E s and the nature of the embankment, the central processing unit performs a calculation of the dry density γ d according to the following relation:
p 'is the effective pressure in the soil, the depth of the pipe, and
A is a coefficient that depends on the nature of the embankment.
Le compactage optimum étant obtenu lorsque la valeur de la densité sèche atteint une valeur maximale, connue sous l'appellation "Optimum Proctor", il convient ensuite simplement de comparer la densité sèche γd calculée avec une valeur de densité correspondant à l'Optimum Proctor, parmi un ensemble de densités sèches stockées en mémoire dans l'unité centrale de traitement correspondant chacune à un compactage optimum du remblai, pour un type de matériaux susceptible d'entrer dans la constitution du remblai.The optimum compaction being obtained when the value of the dry density reaches a maximum value, known under the name "Optimum Proctor", it is then simply necessary to compare the calculated dry density γ d with a density value corresponding to the Optimum Proctor. , among a set of dry densities stored in memory in the central processing unit each corresponding to an optimum compaction of the embankment, for a type of material likely to enter the constitution of the embankment.
Après avoir effectué une mesure, les vérins 28,30,32 et 34 sont commandés en
traction de manière à exercer un effort s'exerçant à l'encontre de l'effort exercé par le ressort
70, pour repositionner les patins 48 et 50 en position d'attente, dans laquelle les roulettes
72 sont appliquées contre la paroi de la conduite 12.After having made a measurement, the
L'appareil peut alors être aisément déplacé jusqu'à un autre emplacement de contrôle.The device can then be easily moved to another location control.
On conçoit qu'il est ainsi possible de procéder à un très grand nombre de contrôles le long de la conduite et donc d'obtenir un contrôle sensiblement en continu sur toute la longueur d'une canalisation.It is conceivable that it is thus possible to carry out a very large number of controls along the pipe and thus get a substantially continuous control over the entire length of a pipe.
On notera enfin que les galets 64 ont, de préférence, une forme de disque dont
le diamètre est sensiblement égal à 1/10 du diamètre de la conduite afin de conserver une
similitude mécanique avec les modèles utilisés pour l'établissement des relations mentionnées
précédemment permettant le calcul de la densité sèche.Finally, note that the
Claims (11)
- Method of monitoring the compaction of a backfill for embedding a pipe, comprising the steps consisting of:characterised in that it further comprises the steps consisting of:applying a force (F) to the backfill (10) in such a way as to obtain a deformability (D) resulting therefrom,measuring the deformation (D) of the backfill,that the force applied to the backfill is applied by means of the pipe (12), by exerting a force on the internal surface of the pipe (12), andcalculating the modulus of elasticity of the backfill (10) from the applied force and from the measured deformation,determining the dry density of the backfill (10) from the calculated modulus of elasticity and from the nature of the backfill, andcomparing the calculated dry density with a dry density value corresponding to an optimum compaction of the backfill,
that the deformation of the backfill is obtained by measuring the deformation of the wall of the pipe (12). - Method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the step of application of the force to the backfill (10) consists of exerting a radial force on two diametrically opposed zones of the wall in such a way as to make the cross-section thereof substantially oval.
- Method as claimed in one of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the step of calculation of the modulus of elasticity of the backfill (10) comprises the steps consisting of calculating the stiffness of the backfill, by calculation of the ratio between the value of the applied force (F) and the value of the resulting deformation (D), and of calculating the modulus of elasticity of the backfill (10) from the calculated stiffness.
- Apparatus for monitoring the compaction of a backfill (10) for embedding a pipe (12) for carrying out the method of monitoring as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it comprises means (24) for applying a force to the wall of the pipe (12) in such a way as to deform it, means (26) for measuring the resulting deformation (D) of the wall of the pipe (12), and a central processing unit to which the said measuring means (26) are connected and having means for calculating the dry density of the backfill (10) from values of the applied force (F) and of the resulting deformation (D) of the wall of the pipe (12), and means for comparison of the dry density value delivered by the calculating means with a dry density value corresponding to an optimum compaction of the backfill (10).
- Monitoring apparatus as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the means (24) for applying a force to the wall of the pipe (12) comprise at least one jack (28, 30, 32, 34), and that it further comprises a pressure sensor (38) disposed in a fluid feed circuit of the or each jack and connected to the central processing unit.
- Monitoring apparatus as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that it comprises two groups of at least one jack, wherein in operation the jack or jacks of one of the groups exert(s) a force (F) in a direction opposite to that exerted by jack or jacks of the other group.
- Monitoring apparatus as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that each group of jacks comprises a pair of jacks disposed on either side of the means for measuring the deformation of the pipe.
- Monitoring apparatus as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that it comprises two blocks (48, 50) for bearing on the internal surface of the wall of the pipe (12) which are each mounted on the active ends of the jacks and of one of the pairs of jacks.
- Monitoring apparatus as claimed in Claim 8, characterised in that each block (48, 50) comprises two opposed end zones (52, 54) each equipped with means (58) for mounting on a jack and a central zone (62) on the outer face of which is mounted a wheel (64) for application of the force to the pipe.
- Monitoring apparatus as claimed in Claim 9, characterised in that each wheel and each block (48, 50) is provided with a hole (68) for passage of the means (26) for measuring the deformation of the wall of the pipe.
- Monitoring apparatus as claimed in one of Claims 9 and 10, characterised in that each wheel (64) has the shape of a disc of which the diameter is substantially equal to one tenth of the diameter of the pipe.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9813694 | 1998-10-30 | ||
| FR9813694A FR2785310B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE COMPACTION OF A BACKFILL |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0997609A1 EP0997609A1 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
| EP0997609B1 true EP0997609B1 (en) | 2004-01-21 |
Family
ID=9532224
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99402610A Expired - Lifetime EP0997609B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1999-10-21 | Method and apparatus for compactness control of a filling |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6389905B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0997609B1 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR021027A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE258270T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69914281T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2215367T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2785310B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2871570B1 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2006-09-29 | Paris Eaux Gestion | DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE RIGIDITY OF A WALL AND CORRESPONDING METHOD |
| WO2011119897A2 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-09-29 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Phase shift keyed optical communications |
| JP6909025B2 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2021-07-28 | 大成建設株式会社 | Measuring device and evaluation test method for ground improvement |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1246961A (en) * | 1967-10-04 | 1971-09-22 | Plessey Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the measurement of the wall thickness of tubular members |
| JPS59102009A (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1984-06-12 | Samu Denshi Kikai:Kk | Method for dynamic shearing test at site of ground |
| US4650367A (en) * | 1983-11-30 | 1987-03-17 | Dietzler Daniel P | Internally reinforced extruded plastic pipe |
| JPS62165134A (en) * | 1986-01-17 | 1987-07-21 | Taisei Corp | Measuring method for bedrock stress in tunnel excavation |
| US4733567A (en) * | 1986-06-23 | 1988-03-29 | Shosei Serata | Method and apparatus for measuring in situ earthen stresses and properties using a borehole probe |
| DE3712455C2 (en) * | 1987-04-11 | 1994-04-07 | Manfred Mueller | Compaction tester |
| US5042595A (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1991-08-27 | La Corporation De L'ecole Polytechnique | Method and device for in-situ determination of rheological properties of earth materials |
| US5105650A (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1992-04-21 | Gas Research Institute | Monitoring compaction of backfill |
| JP3353181B2 (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 2002-12-03 | 清水建設株式会社 | Drilling device for measuring groove by RI method and measuring device using the drilling device |
| US5576485A (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-11-19 | Serata; Shosei | Single fracture method and apparatus for simultaneous measurement of in-situ earthen stress state and material properties |
-
1998
- 1998-10-30 FR FR9813694A patent/FR2785310B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-10-21 AT AT99402610T patent/ATE258270T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-10-21 DE DE69914281T patent/DE69914281T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-21 EP EP99402610A patent/EP0997609B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-21 ES ES99402610T patent/ES2215367T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-29 AR ARP990105479A patent/AR021027A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-10-29 US US09/429,483 patent/US6389905B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2215367T3 (en) | 2004-10-01 |
| DE69914281D1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
| EP0997609A1 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
| FR2785310A1 (en) | 2000-05-05 |
| FR2785310B1 (en) | 2001-01-26 |
| DE69914281T2 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
| US6389905B1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
| ATE258270T1 (en) | 2004-02-15 |
| AR021027A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
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