EP0995493A2 - Mill for granulating plastics - Google Patents

Mill for granulating plastics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0995493A2
EP0995493A2 EP99120229A EP99120229A EP0995493A2 EP 0995493 A2 EP0995493 A2 EP 0995493A2 EP 99120229 A EP99120229 A EP 99120229A EP 99120229 A EP99120229 A EP 99120229A EP 0995493 A2 EP0995493 A2 EP 0995493A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
rotor
housing
mill according
disk
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99120229A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0995493A3 (en
Inventor
Ernst Rosenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Getecha Gesellschaft fur Technische Anlagen Mbh
Original Assignee
Getecha Gesellschaft fur Technische Anlagen Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Getecha Gesellschaft fur Technische Anlagen Mbh filed Critical Getecha Gesellschaft fur Technische Anlagen Mbh
Publication of EP0995493A2 publication Critical patent/EP0995493A2/en
Publication of EP0995493A3 publication Critical patent/EP0995493A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/086—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers specially adapted for disintegrating plastics, e.g. cinematographic films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/144—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with axially elongated knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/148—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers specially adapted for disintegrating plastics, e.g. cinematographic films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cutting mill for Shredding of plastics, in particular for shredding of sprues, with a cutting knife Cutting rotor, which also within a Knives occupied housing rotates, the axis of rotation of the cutting rotor inclined towards a vertical are arranged in a housing and have a good inlet opening and has a good exit.
  • the object of the present invention is a granulator of the type mentioned at the outset, on the one hand the advantages of a mill with an inclined cutting rotor has, on the other hand, the fine dust content reduced and in addition the resulting fine dust residue is removed without additional device.
  • the invention proposes that on the side surface facing the inside of the housing a disc is attached to the cutting rotor, whose diameter is approximately the cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor.
  • the rotor recesses closed to the inside of the housing. This prevents that between the rotor recess and "Grind” the inside of the shredded plastic becomes. This significantly reduces the formation of fine dust. Through the disc it is also achieved that in the narrow gap between the pane and the inner wall of the housing fine dust residues due to the centrifugal forces to be thrown outwards. This will make the Formation of a film formation and / or "angel hair-like" Plastic fibers avoided and the lifespan of the rotating components (rotor disc, ring disc) extended.
  • a cutting mill 10 is for Shredding of plastic parts shown schematically.
  • the cutting mill 10 has a cutting knife 11a provided cutting rotor 11, which also within a housing with knives (not shown) 12 rotates.
  • the axis of rotation 13 of the cutting rotor 11 is inclined towards a vertical 14, preferably at an angle 15 of 45 °.
  • the cutting mill 10 also has a material inlet opening 16 and a good exit 17.
  • the diameter 21 in about The cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor 11 corresponds.
  • annular disk 22 is fastened in the inside of the housing 18, the diameter 22a of which approximately corresponds to the cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor 11 and which is flush with the inside of the housing 18.
  • the disc 20 and the washer 22 are made of a wear-resistant material, preferably hardened steel.
  • the disc 20 and the washer 22 are with screws attached to the rotor 11 or in the housing 12. It goes without saying also possible, the disc 20 at the Rotor manufacture (casting, forging) accordingly to train.
  • the washer 22 has a recess 25 on that with the gap 28 and with a housing channel 26 is connected to the discharge of fine dust residues.
  • the cutting mill according to the invention is particularly suitable for comminution of glass fiber reinforced and or elastic Suitable for plastics. Furthermore, the invention Training particularly advantageous for cutting waste with inclined cutting rotor. However, it is also conceivable that the invention in granulators with horizontal Rotor with advantages in relation to fine dust formation and fine dust removal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The end face (19) of the rotor shaft (11) facing an internal wall of the casing (18) carries a disc (20). Its diameter (21) is about that of the maximum rotor cutting circle. Preferred features: An annular disc (22) of similar diameter to the rotor disc, is fixed flush in the casing wall (18). Both discs are hardened steel. The gap separating them is a few tenths of a millimeter wide. Screw fastenings are used for both. An opening (25) in the annular disc, the gap (28) and a channel (26), carry off fine dust residues. The rotor axis (13) is inclined, preferably at 45 degrees (15).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schneidmühle zur Zerkleinerung von Kunststoffen, insbesondere für die Zerkleinerung von Angüssen, mit einem mit Schneidmessern versehenen Schneidrotor, der innerhalb eines ebenfalls mit Messern besetzten Gehäuses umläuft, wobei die Drehachse des Schneidrotors gegenüber einer Vertikalen schräggeneigt in einem Gehäuse angeordnet sind und die eine Guteinlaßöffnung sowie einen Gutaustritt aufweist.The present invention relates to a cutting mill for Shredding of plastics, in particular for shredding of sprues, with a cutting knife Cutting rotor, which also within a Knives occupied housing rotates, the axis of rotation of the cutting rotor inclined towards a vertical are arranged in a housing and have a good inlet opening and has a good exit.

Schneidmühlen dieser Art wurden von der Anmelderin entwickelt und werden von dieser unter der Bezeichnung Rotorschneider GRS vertrieben. Durch den geneigten Rotor wird vorteilhaft zum einen ein optimaler Schnitt und zum anderen eine große Guteinlaßöffnung erreicht. Damit ist diese Schneidmühle insbesondere für die Zerkleinerung von Angüssen aller Art geeignet.Cutting mills of this type have been developed by the applicant and are referred to as rotor cutters GRS distributed. Due to the inclined rotor advantageous on the one hand an optimal cut and on the other others reached a large good inlet opening. So that is this granulator especially for shredding suitable for sprues of all kinds.

Beim Betrieb derartiger Schneidmühlen hat es sich gezeigt, daß der beim Zerkleinern geringfügig entstehende Feinstaub anteil in den Spalt zwischen Schneidrotor und Gehäuse gelangt und dort insbesondere bei der Zerkleinerung von glasfaserverstärkten und/oder elastischen Kunststoffen zu einer Folienbildung am Gehäuse oder zu "engelhaarähnlichen" Kunststofffasern führt. Die dadurch entstehende Reibung führt zu Verschleiß am Gehäuse und Rotor.When operating such cutting mills, it has been shown that the fine dust that arises slightly during shredding share in the gap between the cutting rotor and the housing and there especially when crushing glass fiber reinforced and / or elastic plastics a film formation on the housing or "angel hair-like" Plastic fibers leads. The resulting Friction leads to wear on the housing and rotor.

Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile sind bei Schneidmühlen mit horizontal angeordneten Schneidrotoren (=Drehachse des Schneidrotors ist gegenüber der Vertikalen um 90° geneigt) Druckluftvorrichtungen bekannt geworden, durch die Feinstaubansammlungen kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich beseitigt werden können. Derartige Drucklufteinrichtungen bewirken aber einen zusätzlichen Geräte- und Arbeitsaufwand. To avoid these disadvantages are in granulators with horizontally arranged cutting rotors (= axis of rotation of the cutting rotor is inclined at 90 ° to the vertical) Compressed air devices become known through the Fine dust accumulation continuously or discontinuously can be eliminated. Such compressed air devices but cause an additional device and Workload.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es eine Schneidmühle der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die einerseits die Vorteile einer Mühle mit schräggeneigtem Schneidrotor aufweist, bei der andererseits der Feinstaubanteil verringert und bei der darüberhinaus der entstehende Feinstaubrest ohne zusätzliche Vorrichtung entfernt wird.The object of the present invention is a granulator of the type mentioned at the outset, on the one hand the advantages of a mill with an inclined cutting rotor has, on the other hand, the fine dust content reduced and in addition the resulting fine dust residue is removed without additional device.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß an der der Gehäuseinnenseite zugewandten Seitenfläche des Schneidrotors eine Scheibe befestigt ist, deren Durchmesser in etwa dem Schneidkreisdurchmesser des Schneidrotors entspricht.To solve this problem, the invention proposes that on the side surface facing the inside of the housing a disc is attached to the cutting rotor, whose diameter is approximately the cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor.

Durch die erfindungsgeäße Ausbildung werden die Rotoraussparungen gegenüber der Gehäuseinnenseite verschlossen. Damit wird verhindert, daß zwischen Rotoraussparung und Gehäuseinnenseite zerkleinerter Kunststoff "zermahlen" wird. Damit ist eine Feinstaubausbildung wesentlich verringert. Durch die Scheibe wird ferner erreicht, daß in den engen Spalt zwischen Scheibe und Gehäuseinnenwand gelangende Feinstaubreste aufgrund der Zentrifugalkräfte nach außen herausgeschleudert werden. Dadurch wird die Entstehung einer Folienbildung und/oder "engelhaarähnlichen" Kunststofffasern vermieden und die Lebensdauer der rotierenden Bauteile (Rotorscheibe, Ringscheibe) verlängert.Due to the inventive design, the rotor recesses closed to the inside of the housing. This prevents that between the rotor recess and "Grind" the inside of the shredded plastic becomes. This significantly reduces the formation of fine dust. Through the disc it is also achieved that in the narrow gap between the pane and the inner wall of the housing fine dust residues due to the centrifugal forces to be thrown outwards. This will make the Formation of a film formation and / or "angel hair-like" Plastic fibers avoided and the lifespan of the rotating components (rotor disc, ring disc) extended.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen sowie der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Zeichnung angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the subclaims and the description below specified in the drawing.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Schneidmühle 10 zur Zerkleinerung von Kunststoffteilen Schematisch dargestellt. Die Schneidmühle 10 weist einen mit Schneidmessern lla versehenen Schneidrotor 11 auf, der innerhalb eines ebenfalls mit Messern (nicht dargestellt) besetzten Gehäuses 12 umläuft. Die Drehachse 13 des Schneidrotors 11 ist gegenüber einer Vertikalen 14 schräggeneigt, vorzugsweise unter einem Winkel 15 von 45° . In the drawing, a cutting mill 10 is for Shredding of plastic parts shown schematically. The cutting mill 10 has a cutting knife 11a provided cutting rotor 11, which also within a housing with knives (not shown) 12 rotates. The axis of rotation 13 of the cutting rotor 11 is inclined towards a vertical 14, preferably at an angle 15 of 45 °.

Die Schneidmühle 10 weist ferner eine Guteinlaßöffnung 16 sowie einen Gutaustritt 17 auf.The cutting mill 10 also has a material inlet opening 16 and a good exit 17.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist an der der Gehäuseinnenseite 18 zugewandten Seitenfläche 19 des Schneidrotors 11 eine Scheibe 20 befestigt, deren Durchmesser 21 in etwa dem Schneidkreisdurchmesser des Schneidrotors 11 entspricht.According to the invention, on the inside of the housing 18 facing side surface 19 of the cutting rotor 11 a Disk 20 attached, the diameter 21 in about The cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor 11 corresponds.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in der Gehäuseinnenseite 18 eine Ringscheibe 22 befestigt, deren Durchmesser 22a in etwa dem Schneidkreisdurchmesser des Schneidrotors 11 entspricht und die bündig mit der Gehäuseinnenseite 18 ist. Die Scheibe 20 sowie die Ringscheibe 22 sind aus einem verschleißfesten Werkstoff, vorzugsweise gehärtetem Stahl gefertigt.
Zwischen der Scheibe 20 und der Ringscheibe 22 ist ein enger Spalt 28, vorzugsweise in der Größenordnung von einigen Zehntelmillimeter vorgesehen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an annular disk 22 is fastened in the inside of the housing 18, the diameter 22a of which approximately corresponds to the cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor 11 and which is flush with the inside of the housing 18. The disc 20 and the washer 22 are made of a wear-resistant material, preferably hardened steel.
A narrow gap 28, preferably of the order of a few tenths of a millimeter, is provided between the disk 20 and the annular disk 22.

Die Scheibe 20 sowie die Ringscheibe 22 sind mit Schrauben am Rotor 11 bzw. im Gehäuse 12 befestigt. Es ist selbstverständlich ebenfalls möglich, die Scheibe 20 bei der Rotorherstellung (Gießen, Schmieden) entsprechend mitauszubilden. Die Ringscheibe 22 weist eine Aussparung 25 auf, die mit dem Spalt 28 sowie mit einem Gehäusekanal 26 zur Ableitung von Feinstaubresten in Verbindung steht.The disc 20 and the washer 22 are with screws attached to the rotor 11 or in the housing 12. It goes without saying also possible, the disc 20 at the Rotor manufacture (casting, forging) accordingly to train. The washer 22 has a recess 25 on that with the gap 28 and with a housing channel 26 is connected to the discharge of fine dust residues.

Durch die gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehene Scheibe 20 werden die zwischen den Rotorschneidmessern lla vorhandenen Rotoraussparungen 27 gegenüber der Gehäuseinnenseite 18 verschlossen und wie eingangs beschrieben, die Entstehung von Feinstäuben wesentlich verringert. Evtl. Feinstaubreste, die in den Spalt 28 gelangen, werden aufgrund Scheibenneigung und Zentrifugalkraft nach Außen geschleudert und über den Gehäusekanal 26, der mit einer nicht dargestellten Absaugung in Verbindung steht, abgeleitet. Through the disc 20 provided according to the invention the existing between the rotor cutting blades lla Rotor recesses 27 opposite the inside 18 of the housing closed and as described at the beginning, the emergence of fine dust significantly reduced. Possibly. Fine dust residues, that get into the gap 28 are due to Disc tilt and centrifugal force flung outwards and via the housing channel 26, which with a not suction is shown, derived.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schneidmühle ist besonders zur Zerkleinerung von glasfaseerverstärkten und oder elastischen Kunststoffen geeignet. Ferner ist die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung besonders vorteilhaft bei Schneidmülen mit geneigtem Schneidrotor. Es ist jedoch auch vorstellbar, daß die Erfindung bei Schneidmühlen mit horizontalem Rotor zu Vorteilen in bezug auf Feinstaubbildung und Feinstaubentfernung führt.The cutting mill according to the invention is particularly suitable for comminution of glass fiber reinforced and or elastic Suitable for plastics. Furthermore, the invention Training particularly advantageous for cutting waste with inclined cutting rotor. However, it is also conceivable that the invention in granulators with horizontal Rotor with advantages in relation to fine dust formation and fine dust removal.

Claims (8)

Schneidmühle zur Zerkleinerung von Kunststoffen, insbesondere für die Zerkleinerung von Angüssen, mit eine mit Schneidmessern versehenen Schneidrotor, der innerhalb eines ebenfalls mit Messern besetzten Gehäuses umläuft, wobei die Drehachse des Schneidrotors gegenüber einer Vertikalen schräggeneigt in einem Gehäuse angeordnet sind und die eine Guteinlaßöffnung sowie einen Gutaustritt aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der der Gehäuseinnenseite <18> zugewandten Seitenfläche <19> des Schneidrotors <11> eine Scheibe <20> befestigt ist, deren Durchmesser <21> in etwa dem Schneidkreisdurchmesser des Schneidrotors <11> entspricht.Cutting mill for comminuting plastics, in particular for comminuting sprues, with a cutting rotor provided with cutting knives, which rotates within a housing also equipped with knives, the axis of rotation of the cutting rotor being arranged obliquely inclined with respect to a vertical in a housing and having a good inlet opening and one Has good leakage,
characterized in that on the side face <19> of the cutting rotor <11> facing the inside of the housing <18> a disk <20> is attached, the diameter <21> of which corresponds approximately to the cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor <11>. Schneidmühle nach Anspröuch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Gehäuseinnenseite <18> eine Ringscheibe <22> befestigt ist, deren Durchmesser <22a> in etwa dem Schneidkreisdurchmesser des Schneidrotors <11> und die bündig mit der Gehäuseinnenseite <18> ist.Cutting mill according to claim 1,
characterized in that an annular disk <22> is fastened in the inside of the housing <18>, the diameter <22a> of which is approximately the cutting circle diameter of the cutting rotor <11> and is flush with the inside of the housing <18>. Schneidmühle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibe <20> sowie die Ringscheibe <22> aus einem verschleißfestem Werkstoff, vorzugsweise gehärtetem Stahl gefertigt sind.Cutting mill according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the washer <20> and the washer <22> are made of a wear-resistant material, preferably hardened steel. Schneidmühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Scheibe <20> und der Ringscheibe <22> ein enger Spalt <28> vorzugsweise in der Größenordnung von einigen Zehntelmillimeter vorgesehen ist. Cutting mill according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that a narrow gap <28> is preferably provided in the order of a few tenths of a millimeter between the disk <20> and the annular disk <22>. Schneidmühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibe <20> sowie die Ringscheibe <22> mit Schrauben am Rotor 11 bzw. im Gehäuse <12> befestigt sind.Cutting mill according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the disk <20> and the ring disk <22> are fastened to the rotor 11 or in the housing <12> with screws. Schneidmühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringscheibe <22> eine Aussparung <25> aufweist, die mit dem Spalt <28> sowie einem Gehäusekanal <26> zur Ableitung von Feinstaubresten in Verbindung steht.Cutting mill according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the washer <22> has a recess <25> which is connected to the gap <28> and a housing channel <26> for the removal of fine dust residues. Schneidmühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehachse <13> des Schneidrotors <11> gegenüber einer Vertikalen <14> schräggeneigt ist, vorzugsweise unter einem Winkel <15> von 45°Cutting mill according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the axis of rotation <13> of the cutting rotor <11> is inclined to a vertical <14>, preferably at an angle <15> of 45 ° Schneidmühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung bei der Zerkleinerung von glasfaserverstärkten und oder elastischen Kunststoffen.Cutting mill according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized by the use in the shredding of glass fiber reinforced and or elastic plastics.
EP99120229A 1998-10-18 1999-10-11 Mill for granulating plastics Withdrawn EP0995493A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19847904 1998-10-18
DE1998147904 DE19847904C1 (en) 1998-10-18 1998-10-18 Schmeidmühle for crushing plastics

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0995493A2 true EP0995493A2 (en) 2000-04-26
EP0995493A3 EP0995493A3 (en) 2000-11-22

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ID=7884787

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99120229A Withdrawn EP0995493A3 (en) 1998-10-18 1999-10-11 Mill for granulating plastics

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EP (1) EP0995493A3 (en)
DE (1) DE19847904C1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1153597B (en) * 1960-06-03 1963-08-29 Condux Werk Cutting mill with a knife rotor rotating around a horizontal axis in a housing
DE2261977A1 (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-06-20 Ernst Rosenberger SHREDDING MACHINE
EP0611600A2 (en) * 1993-02-19 1994-08-24 Al Kaczmarek Rotary comminuting device for small chunks

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1153597B (en) * 1960-06-03 1963-08-29 Condux Werk Cutting mill with a knife rotor rotating around a horizontal axis in a housing
DE2261977A1 (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-06-20 Ernst Rosenberger SHREDDING MACHINE
EP0611600A2 (en) * 1993-02-19 1994-08-24 Al Kaczmarek Rotary comminuting device for small chunks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19847904C1 (en) 2000-06-29
EP0995493A3 (en) 2000-11-22

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