EP0995166A1 - Systeme de communication de frequences radioelectriques codees et d'un champ magnetique code, et procede associe - Google Patents

Systeme de communication de frequences radioelectriques codees et d'un champ magnetique code, et procede associe

Info

Publication number
EP0995166A1
EP0995166A1 EP99921714A EP99921714A EP0995166A1 EP 0995166 A1 EP0995166 A1 EP 0995166A1 EP 99921714 A EP99921714 A EP 99921714A EP 99921714 A EP99921714 A EP 99921714A EP 0995166 A1 EP0995166 A1 EP 0995166A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
coupled
remote
processing unit
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99921714A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frederick J. Bruwer
Willem Smit
Johannes A. Van Niekerk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Microchip Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Microchip Technology Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Microchip Technology Inc filed Critical Microchip Technology Inc
Publication of EP0995166A1 publication Critical patent/EP0995166A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00579—Power supply for the keyless data carrier
    • G07C2009/00603—Power supply for the keyless data carrier by power transmission from lock
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00777—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by induction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves

Definitions

  • Patent Application entitled “A HIGHLY EFFICIENT MULTI-FREQUENCY VOLTAGE REGULATING CIRCUIT INCORPORATING A MAGNETIC FIELD POWER SENSOR AND PROGRAMMABLE MAGNETIC FIELD DETECTION” was filed April 16, 1998, in the names of Pieter Schieke and Willem Smit and assigned to the same assignee as the present U.S. Patent Application.
  • the disclosures of the above referenced applications are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • This invention relates generally to wireless security systems and specifically, to transmitter, receiver and transponder devices capable of encoded operation over a wide range of the electro-magnetic spectrum.
  • the current state of the art describes transmitter, receiver and transponder security devices that operate in either the RF spectrum or which communicate via magnetic field.
  • the signals transmitted by RF devices may be encoded for the purpose of enhancing security by preventing others from capturing the transmissions and making subsequent unauthorized use.
  • magnetic field transponders operate in a non-encoded mode.
  • the present invention overcomes the limitations of RF only or magnetic field only wireless security devices.
  • the wireless security system shall be comprised of a base unit device and a remote unit device. It is another object of the present invention that the part of the security system comprising the remote unit device can be miniaturized to relative smallness to the extent that it can be embedded, for example, within an automobile key.
  • the part of the security system comprising the remote unit device can convert magnetic field energy to DC electrical energy for the purposes of supplying power to the remote unit device and for conserving battery power and for re-charging the battery.
  • the processing unit for the remote unit shall be implemented on a single, monolithic integrated circuit and shall be capable of encode processing and control for both RF operation and magnetic field operation.
  • the processing unit for the base unit shall be capable of encode and decode processing and control for both RF operation and magnetic field operation.
  • the present invention in the magnetic field mode shall typically operate within a band of the electro-magnetic spectrum of approximately 100 KHz to 100 MHz.
  • the present invention In the RF mode the present invention shall typically operate within a band of the electro-magnetic spectrum of approximately 100 MHz to 500 MHz.
  • a wireless security system comprising of a base unit and a remote unit, each capable of RF and magnetic field operation.
  • the base unit is comprised of a power supply, a base processing unit, a RF receiver and a base magnetic field converter circuit.
  • the remote unit is comprised of a battery, a remote processing unit, a RF transmitter, a remote magnetic field converter circuit, a manual control and an energy storage device.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the present invention which includes the base unit and the remote unit.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of the base processing unit.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of the remote processing unit.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field converter circuit.
  • a wireless security system 100 capable of encoded RF and encoded magnetic field communication is disclosed.
  • the system 100 is comprised of a base unit 110 capable of encoded magnetic field transmission and encoded magnetic field reception and encoded RF reception and a remote unit 150 capable of encoded magnetic field transmission and encoded magnetic field reception and encoded RF transmission which communicates with the base unit.
  • the present invention does not disclose or claim one or more methods for encoding and decoding data. There are numerous methods that perform this function which are well known to those skilled in the art. One such method can be found in U.S. Patent 5,517,187, entitled “MICROCHIPS AND REMOTE CONTROL DEVICES COMPRISING SAME" which was patented by several of the same inventors as the present invention and currently assigned to the same assignee as the present U.S. Patent Application, is incorporated by reference.
  • the base unit 110 is comprised of a power supply 115, a base processing unit 120 coupled to the power supply 115, a base magnetic field converter circuit 130 coupled to the base processing unit 120 and a RF receiver 140 coupled to the base processing unit 120.
  • the power supply 115 is capable of connecting to either a commercially available AC power source or to a DC power source provided by the host of the base unit 120.
  • the power supply 115 converts or regulates the input power to low voltage DC power which is coupled to the base processing unit 120.
  • the base processing unit 120 controls both RF and magnetic field operation.
  • the base processing unit 120 sends signals to the base magnetic field converter circuit 130 for the purpose of communicating with the remote unit 150.
  • the base processing unit 120 also receives signals which originated with the remote unit 150 via the base magnetic field converter circuit 130 and RF receiver 140.
  • the base processing unit 120 is capable of decoding signals which it receives from the remote unit 150 and encoding signals which are transmitted to the remote unit 150.
  • the base magnetic field converter circuit 130 is coupled to the base processing unit 120.
  • the base magnetic field converter circuit 130 is capable of generating magnetic fields which are sensed by the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170. Also, the base magnetic field converter circuit 130 is capable of sensing relative weak magnetic fields which are generated by the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170.
  • the RF receiver 140 receives RF signals generated by the RF transmitter 180 of the remote unit 150.
  • the RF receiver 140 relays these signals to the base processing unit 120.
  • the remote unit 150 is comprised of a battery 155, an energy storage device 195 coupled to the battery 155, a remote processing unit 160 coupled to the battery 155 and the energy storage device 195, a remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 coupled to the remote processing unit 160 and indirectly to the battery 155 and the energy storage device 195, a RF transmitter 180 coupled to the remote processing unit 160, a manual control 190 coupled to the
  • the battery 155 and the energy storage device 195 supply low voltage DC energy to the remote processing unit 160, the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170, the RF transmitter 180 and the manual control 190.
  • the energy storage device 195 is charged by a rectifier- regulator within the remote processing unit 160.
  • the energy storage device 195 which can be a simple capacitor, is capable of supplying DC electrical energy to elements of the remote unit 150 requiring power, thereby conserving battery 155 power. If the energy storage device 195 is not charged, the battery 155 supplies power to the elements of the remote unit 150. A detailed description of these functions are found in the previously mentioned U.S.
  • the remote processing unit 160 is implemented on a single, monolithic integrated circuit and controls both RF and magnetic field operation.
  • the remote processing unit 160 sends signals to the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 for the purpose of communicating with the base unit 120.
  • the remote processing unit 160 also receives signals via the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 which originated in the base unit 110.
  • the remote processing unit 160 is capable of decoding signals which it receives from the base unit 110 and encoding signals which are transmitted to the base unit 110.
  • the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 is coupled to the remote processing unit 160.
  • the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 is capable of generating magnetic fields which are sensed by the base magnetic field converter circuit 130. Also, the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 is capable of sensing the magnetic fields which are generated by the base magnetic field converter circuit 130.
  • the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 transmits signals generated by the remote processing unit 160 and relays signals received from the base unit 110 to the remote processing unit 160.
  • the RF transmitter 180 transmits RF signals generated by the remote processing unit 160 to the RF receiver 140 of the base unit 110.
  • the manual control 190 permits manual operation of the remote unit 150. Upon activation of the manual control 190, the remote unit 150 will send a predesignated encoded signal to the base unit 110 via the RF transmitter 180 and/or the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170.
  • the manual control 190 may be embodied in a microswitch, button or similar devices known to those skilled in the art.
  • the first mode is described as the manual control mode.
  • the manual control 190 is asserted.
  • the remote unit 150 sends a predesignated encoded RF signal to the base unit 110 and/or modulates a predesignated encoded magnetic field.
  • the base unit 110 interprets the signal sent by the remote unit 150 and may acknowledge the signal by either transmitting a response to the remote unit 150 or notifying the host system.
  • the second mode is the passive transponder mode.
  • the base unit 110 intermittently asserts a magnetic field via the base magnetic field converter circuit 130.
  • the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 senses the presence of the intermittent magnetic field and alerts the remote processing unit 160.
  • the remote processing unit 160 directs the RF transmitter 180 to send an encoded signal to the base unit 110 and/or the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 to modulate an encoded magnetic field.
  • the third mode is the active transponder mode.
  • the base unit 110 interrogates the remote unit 150 by asserting an encoded magnetic field via the base magnetic field converter circuit 130.
  • the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 senses the interrogating magnetic field and relays the signal to the base processing unit 160.
  • the base processing unit 160 analyzes the encoded signal sent by the base unit 110 and directs the RF transmitter 180 to send an encoded response to the base unit 110 and/or the remote magnetic field converter circuit 170 to modulate an encoded magnetic field.
  • the functional components of the base processing unit 120 are disclosed. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the base processing unit 120 may include various embodiments in which the functional components described below may be implemented either in software or in hardware.
  • the base processing unit 120 is comprised of a plurality of I/O ports 210, encoding logic 220 coupled to at least one of the I/O ports 210, decoding logic 230 coupled to at least one of the I/O ports 210, a base magnetic field converter circuit controller 240 coupled to at least one of the
  • I/O ports to the encoding logic 220 and to the decoding logic 230 and a RF serial data receiver 250 coupled to at least one of the I/O ports 210 and to the decoding logic 230.
  • the plurality of I/O ports 210 connect the base processing unit 120 with other components in base unit 110 (figure 1) and with programming devices extrinsic to the wireless security system 100 (figure 1).
  • Each of the plurality of I/O ports 210 may contain a unique plurality of control lines. Power and ground reference are supplied to the base processing unit 120 via at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 210.
  • the encoding logic 220 is coupled to at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 210.
  • the encoding logic 220 is responsible for preparing an encoded digital serial bit stream for transmission to the remote unit 150 (figure 1) via the base magnetic field converter circuit controller 240.
  • the encoding logic 220 may be accessed by a programming device extrinsic to the wireless security system 100 (figure 1 ) via at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 210.
  • the decoding logic 230 is coupled to at least one of the plurality of the I/O ports 210.
  • the decoding logic 230 is responsible for decoding the encoded digital serial bit stream received from the remote unit 150 (figure 1) via the base magnetic field converter circuit controller 240 or the RF serial data receiver 250.
  • the decoding logic 230 may be accessed by a programming device extrinsic to the wireless security system 100 (figure 1) via at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 210.
  • the base magnetic field converter circuit controller 240 is coupled to at least one of the plurality of the I/O ports 210, to the decoder logic 230 and to the encoder logic 220.
  • the base magnetic field converter circuit controller 240 sends and receives encoded magnetic field signals via the base magnetic field converter circuit 130 (figure 1).
  • the remote processing unit 160 is comprised of a plurality of I/O ports 310, encoding logic 320 coupled to at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 310, a remote magnetic field converter circuit controller 340 coupled to at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 310 and to the encoding logic 320 and a RF serial data transmitter 340 coupled to at least one of the plurality of the I/O ports 310 and to the encoding logic 320.
  • the plurality of I/O ports 310 connect the remote processing unit 160 with other components in remote unit 150 (figure 1) and with programming devices extrinsic to the wireless security system 100 (figure 1). Similar to the base processing unit 120 (figure 2), each of the plurality of I/O ports 310 may contain a unique plurality of control lines. Power and ground reference are supplied to the remote processing unit 160 via at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 310.
  • the encoding logic 320 is coupled to at least one of the plurality of I/O ports 310.
  • the encoding logic 320 is responsible for preparing an encoded digital bit serial stream for transmission to the base unit 110 (figure 1) via the remote magnetic field converter circuit controller 340 or the RF serial data transmitter 350.
  • the encoding logic 320 may be accessed by a programming device extrinsic to the wireless security system 110 (figure 1) via one of the
  • the remote magnetic field converter circuit controller 340 is coupled to at least one of the plurality of the I/O ports 310 and to the encoder logic 320. In addition to transceiving encoded magnetic field signals, the remote magnetic field converter circuit controller 340 contains a rectifier-regulator 345 which converts magnetic field energy to regulated, low voltage DC electrical energy. The resulting regulated DC electrical energy may be used to charge the energy storage device 195 and to re-charge the battery 155 (figure 1).
  • the magnetic field converter circuit 400 is shown as comprised of an inductor 410 coupled to a capacitor 420 in parallel.
  • the specifications for the inductor 410 and capacitor 420 are determined by the particular application of the wireless security system 100 (figure 1).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de sécurité sans fil fonctionnant aussi bien avec des fréquences radioélectriques codées qu'avec des champs magnétiques codés dans un dispositif unité de base et un dispositif unité à distance, surmontant ainsi les problèmes de limitation liés aux dispositifs de sécurité sans fil à fréquences radioélectriques uniquement ou à champ magnétique uniquement. L'unité de base comprend une alimentation électrique, une unité de traitement de base, un récepteur HF et un émetteur-récepteur de base à capacité d'induction. L'unité de traitement de base est capable de commander à la fois le fonctionnement des fréquences radioélectriques codées et celui du champ magnétique codé. L'unité à distance est constituée d'une batterie, d'une unité de traitement à distance, d'un émetteur HF, d'un circuit convertisseur de champ magnétique à distance, d'une commande manuelle et d'un dispositif de stockage d'énergie. L'unité de traitement à distance, qui est capable de commander à la fois le fonctionnement des fréquences radioélectriques codées et celui du champ magnétique codé, est mise en oeuvre sur un unique circuit intégré monobloc. Le dispositif unité à distance peut être miniaturisé jusqu'à pouvoir être encastré, par exemple, dans une clef d'automobile. Le dispositif unité à distance peut transformer l'énergie du champ magnétique en énergie électrique en courant continu en vue de l'alimentation électrique du dispositif unité à distance, de la conservation de l'énergie de la batterie, et du rechargement de la batterie.
EP99921714A 1998-05-07 1999-05-06 Systeme de communication de frequences radioelectriques codees et d'un champ magnetique code, et procede associe Withdrawn EP0995166A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7473098A 1998-05-07 1998-05-07
PCT/US1999/009893 WO1999057676A1 (fr) 1998-05-07 1999-05-06 Systeme de communication de frequences radioelectriques codees et d'un champ magnetique code, et procede associe
US74730 2002-02-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0995166A1 true EP0995166A1 (fr) 2000-04-26

Family

ID=22121326

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99921714A Withdrawn EP0995166A1 (fr) 1998-05-07 1999-05-06 Systeme de communication de frequences radioelectriques codees et d'un champ magnetique code, et procede associe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0995166A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002514020A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010021529A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999057676A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8354914B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2013-01-15 Inncom International, Inc. Reduced power electronic lock system
US6838985B2 (en) * 2002-03-25 2005-01-04 Lear Corporation System and method for remote tire pressure monitoring with low frequency initiation
US20060164205A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-07-27 Buckingham Duane W Proximity wake-up activation of electronic circuits
EP2619968A4 (fr) * 2011-01-28 2013-10-09 Siemens Medical Instr Pte Ltd Configuration de dispositif de commande permettant la commande à distance d'un dispositif électronique
WO2013061222A1 (fr) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Modem de données à champ magnétique
US20170324283A1 (en) * 2014-11-13 2017-11-09 Powerbyproxi Limited Ipt communication system for dynamic pairing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4857893A (en) * 1986-07-18 1989-08-15 Bi Inc. Single chip transponder device
EP0688929B1 (fr) * 1994-06-21 2004-10-13 Microchip Technology Inc. Auto-apprentissage protégé
US5680134A (en) * 1994-07-05 1997-10-21 Tsui; Philip Y. W. Remote transmitter-receiver controller system
AU3151297A (en) * 1996-06-03 1998-01-05 Indala Corporation Smart card reader with dual mode reading capability
WO1998008182A1 (fr) * 1996-08-21 1998-02-26 A.T.L. Agricultural Technology Limited Appareil d'identification

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9957676A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002514020A (ja) 2002-05-14
WO1999057676A8 (fr) 2000-01-06
KR20010021529A (ko) 2001-03-15
WO1999057676A1 (fr) 1999-11-11

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