EP0994567A2 - Orthogonal polarisierte Antenne und Übertragungsvervahren - Google Patents

Orthogonal polarisierte Antenne und Übertragungsvervahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0994567A2
EP0994567A2 EP99307850A EP99307850A EP0994567A2 EP 0994567 A2 EP0994567 A2 EP 0994567A2 EP 99307850 A EP99307850 A EP 99307850A EP 99307850 A EP99307850 A EP 99307850A EP 0994567 A2 EP0994567 A2 EP 0994567A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
orthogonally polarized
signal
components
transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99307850A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gary M. Hojell
Norman Gerard Ziesse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nokia of America Corp
Original Assignee
Lucent Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucent Technologies Inc filed Critical Lucent Technologies Inc
Publication of EP0994567A2 publication Critical patent/EP0994567A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an orthogonally polarized transmission antenna and to a transmission method using an orthogonally polarized antenna.
  • a well recognized problem in cellular base station engineering surrounds the issue of how to add additional radio frequency (RF) carriers to a transmitted signal in support of subscriber growth.
  • RF radio frequency
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDM frequency division multiplex
  • a first of these techniques adds additional transmission antennas with single-carrier RF power amplifiers to amplify each carrier individually. This approach is popular in Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) and TDMA systems where each carrier supports a number of voice channels (8 voice channels in GSM, and 3 voice channels in TDMA).
  • GSM Groupe Special Mobile
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • each carrier supports a number of voice channels (8 voice channels in GSM, and 3 voice channels in TDMA).
  • the number of transmission antennas and the total physical size of the antennas can become quite substantial in a high capacity base station as will be explained in more detail as follows.
  • Prior art Fig. 1 illustrates a conventional configuration of a single carrier cellular base station antenna 2, using a dedicated independent carrier linear amplifier (ICLA) 4. More specifically, the ICLA 4 receives an incoming low power RF signal and boosts it to a high power signal, usually in excess of 1 watt.
  • the RF signal is a single carrier signal, for example, a 1.95 GHz signal, with a bandwidth range of about 1 MHz, thereby ranging from 1.9495 to 1.9505 GHz. Accordingly, as the subscriber growth increases, additional carrier signals are needed and an additional antenna and ICLA must be added for each additional carrier needed.
  • the prior art antenna 2 as illustrated in Fig. 1, can be a single antenna, or commonly can be a vertical array of antenna elements (6).
  • the antenna 2 receives an amplified RF signal from ICLA 4.
  • the antenna 2 then radiates an electromagnetic wave, with a vertically polarized electric field.
  • the electromagnetic fields radiated from antenna 2 are of a vertical polarization with respect to the electric field component and coincident with the orientation of antenna array elements shown as line(s) 6 of Fig. 1.
  • the antenna 2 of Fig. 1 is known as a vertically polarized antenna.
  • a first vertically polarized antenna 2a includes a corresponding ICLA 4a which is fed by a time/code multiplexed carrier "a”.
  • a second vertically polarized transmission antenna 2b can then be added along with the corresponding ICLA 4b, which is fed by a second time/code multiplexed signal carrier "b".
  • n total vertically polarized antennas (2n) must be used, wherein n is an integer, each with additional ICLAs (4a-4n), and each fed by a single time/code multiplexed signal carrier “a” through “n". In other words, for "n” total time/code multiplexed signal carriers “n” transmission antennas are necessary.
  • Another known technique for adding additional RF carriers, in support of subscriber growth, is directed to the use of high-power tuned cavity RF combiners, directly after two or more single carrier amplifiers (ICLAs) .
  • ICLAs single carrier amplifiers
  • the combiners while reducing the need for multiple transmission antennas and feed lines, carry with them significant cost, RF power loss (typically greater than 3dB), and most importantly a substantial loss of flexibility in using the assigned frequency spectrum.
  • MCLAs multicarrier linear amplifiers
  • the present invention addresses the problem of adding additional RF carriers to a transmitted signal in support of subscriber growth, by utilizing pairs of orthogonally polarized antennas in place of individual vertically polarized antennas. Since two orthogonally polarized antennas can be fabricated in a package that occupies virtually the same volume as a single vertically polarized antenna, the size of the overall antenna complex can be halved since half as many individual antenna packages are required to support a given number of RF carriers. Moreover, orthogonally polarized antennas can achieve appropriate levels of isolation between corresponding orthogonal feed ports as required by the transmission system and can preferably be designed with co-phased centers.
  • the present invention is directed to the design and use of dual polarized transmission antennas, preferably orthogonally polarized transmission antennas, to facilitate the addition of RF carriers.
  • dual polarized transmission antennas preferably orthogonally polarized transmission antennas
  • the use of these orthogonally polarized antennas can be particularly useful in the United States personal communication systems (PCS) and other international bands which can transmit signals which may be arbitrarily polarized, and can further be particularly useful in connection with wireless base stations.
  • PCS personal communication systems
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a first antenna configuration 10a, which can be a single antenna or an array of antenna elements. Feeding the antenna 10a, are a pair of ICLAs, 12a and 12b.
  • the first ICLA 12a amplifies a first input RF carrier signal "a", which can be time or code multiplexed
  • the second ICLA 12b amplifies a second input RF carrier signal "b" which can also be time or code multiplexed.
  • the entire antenna configuration 10a can be used to transmit two RF carrier signals "a" and "b". Accordingly, this antenna configuration essentially takes the place of two vertically polarized antenna configurations.
  • Fig. 3 is a representation made to illustrate that the advantages of the present invention can occur in a single antenna configuration 10a supporting two carriers, or n/2 antenna configurations for supporting n carriers.
  • antenna configuration 10b, and ICLAs 12c, 12d and antenna configuration 10(n/2) along with ICLAs 12(n-1) and 12n are of identical configuration as antenna 10a, and corresponding ICLAs 12a and 12b.
  • the number of antennas should not be considered limitative of the present invention.
  • ICLAs 12c and 12d are respective time/code multiplexed carrier signal “c” and “d”; and the inputs to ICLAs 12(n-1) and 12n are time/code multiplexed carrier signals "n-1" and "n”.
  • Amplifier network 20 is preferably for a wireless network, and more preferably a cellular network.
  • the number of antennas located thereon and the type of amplifier network, whether ground-based or adjacent to the antenna, is not to be considered limitative of the present invention.
  • all ICLAs 12 are of essentially the same configuration as ICLAs 4. Further, regarding the ICLAs 12, they can alternatively be located adjacent to the antennas 10 or separate from the antennas 10.
  • the ICLA/antenna configuration shown in Fig. 3, indicating the ICLAs 12 within amplifier network 20 is merely illustrative, and should not be considered limitative of the present invention.
  • the antenna configuration 10a includes a pair of orthogonally polarized transmission antennas, rather than a single vertically polarized antenna.
  • an antenna component of antenna configuration 10a which can be an array of antennas or a single antenna, radiates an electromagnetic field whose electric field component is aligned with the first direction as illustrated by element 16 of Fig. 3.
  • a second antenna component of antenna configuration 10a which can also be an antenna array or a single antenna, radiates a second electromagnetic field whose electric field component is aligned with element 18, which is preferably orthogonal to the first electric field component.
  • the antenna configuration 10a utilizes a pair of dual polarized antenna components which are preferably orthogonal to one another to minimize signal interference during signal transmission.
  • the two orthogonally polarized antenna components represented by 16 and 18 of Fig. 3 are arranged in a single housing as indicated by element 10a and can be implemented in a range of orientations from vertical/horizontal to +45°/-45°.
  • the two antenna components preferably excite orthogonally polarized electric field components and are more preferably arranged in substantially a +45°/-45° relationship.
  • Each of the first and second antenna components (producing electric field components aligned in the directions 16 and 18) of the single antenna configuration 10a are fed by discrete transmission lines, not shown.
  • each of the pair of antenna elements exemplified by elements 16 and 18 of Fig. 3 are typically excited as vertical antenna arrays. If so, the input transmission line is first passed through a power divider (not shown) in a known fashion, before being transmitted to the antenna array elements.
  • a first time/code multiplexed carrier "a" is input and amplified through ICLA 12a and is transmitted through an antenna element or array exciting the electromagnetic field whose electric field component is associated with antenna element 16 of Fig.
  • a second time/code multiplexed carrier signal "b" is amplified through ICLA 12b, and is transmitted by a separate antenna element or array exciting the electromagnetic field whose electric field component is associated with antenna element 18 of Fig. 3, which is orthogonal to the electric field component associated with antenna element 16 of Fig. 3.
  • the antenna elements exemplified by elements 16 and 18 of Fig. 3 preferably are packaged in a single unit with co-phase centers.
  • the co-phased center arrangement refers to the fact that the electric field components of the orthogonally arranged antennas include common centers, as shown by the intersection of elements 16 and 18 of Fig. 3.
  • the orthogonally polarized antennas achieve appropriate levels of isolation between corresponding orthogonal feed ports as required by the transmission systems. Due to the orthogonality of the antenna elements, a minimum amount of cross-coupling occurs which permits the use of the ICLAs (12a, 12b) in, or in conjunction with, a common antenna package (10a) with orthogonally polarized antennas (16, 18) designed and packaged with co-phase centers.
  • a plurality of signals "a” and "b", each embodied in a separate carrier wave are generated; amplified by corresponding ICLAs 12a and 12b; and transmitted from a wireless base station to a predetermined number of subscribers using an independent one of a pair of orthogonally polarized antenna components 16, 18.
  • the orthogonally polarized antenna components are preferably arranged in substantially a +45°/-45° relationship.
  • Each signal is transmitted using one of a TDMA, CDMA, or FDM technique.
  • electromagnetic field orthogonality is not limited strictly to linearly polarized waves and associated antennas.
  • Such and other variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
EP99307850A 1998-10-15 1999-10-05 Orthogonal polarisierte Antenne und Übertragungsvervahren Withdrawn EP0994567A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17265598A 1998-10-15 1998-10-15
US172655 1998-10-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0994567A2 true EP0994567A2 (de) 2000-04-19

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EP99307850A Withdrawn EP0994567A2 (de) 1998-10-15 1999-10-05 Orthogonal polarisierte Antenne und Übertragungsvervahren

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0994567A2 (de)
JP (1) JP2000151544A (de)
KR (1) KR20000029026A (de)
CN (1) CN1251483A (de)
AU (1) AU5348399A (de)
BR (1) BR9904453A (de)
CA (1) CA2280351A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6583763B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2003-06-24 Andrew Corporation Antenna structure and installation
US6621469B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2003-09-16 Andrew Corporation Transmit/receive distributed antenna systems
US7962174B2 (en) 2006-07-12 2011-06-14 Andrew Llc Transceiver architecture and method for wireless base-stations
US10680790B2 (en) 2014-09-22 2020-06-09 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Antenna system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102882574B (zh) * 2011-07-15 2014-12-31 华为技术有限公司 天线系统和信号发射设备
CN104143692B (zh) * 2013-05-10 2016-10-26 中国电信股份有限公司 多天线阵列和基站
WO2018014304A1 (zh) * 2016-07-21 2018-01-25 武汉芯泰科技有限公司 一种极化频分复用方法、装置及系统

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6583763B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2003-06-24 Andrew Corporation Antenna structure and installation
US6597325B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2003-07-22 Andrew Corporation Transmit/receive distributed antenna systems
US6621469B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2003-09-16 Andrew Corporation Transmit/receive distributed antenna systems
SG98383A1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2003-09-19 Andrew Corp Antenna structure and installation
US6690328B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2004-02-10 Andrew Corporation Antenna structure and installation
US7053838B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2006-05-30 Andrew Corporation Antenna structure and installation
US7962174B2 (en) 2006-07-12 2011-06-14 Andrew Llc Transceiver architecture and method for wireless base-stations
US10680790B2 (en) 2014-09-22 2020-06-09 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Antenna system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2280351A1 (en) 2000-04-15
KR20000029026A (ko) 2000-05-25
AU5348399A (en) 2000-04-20
JP2000151544A (ja) 2000-05-30
CN1251483A (zh) 2000-04-26
BR9904453A (pt) 2000-11-14

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