EP0986799B1 - Alarmsystem - Google Patents

Alarmsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0986799B1
EP0986799B1 EP98928432A EP98928432A EP0986799B1 EP 0986799 B1 EP0986799 B1 EP 0986799B1 EP 98928432 A EP98928432 A EP 98928432A EP 98928432 A EP98928432 A EP 98928432A EP 0986799 B1 EP0986799 B1 EP 0986799B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm
power
power pulses
pulses
detectors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98928432A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0986799A1 (de
Inventor
Kieron Chapman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Electrical Products Ltd
Original Assignee
Fulleon Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9711745.1A external-priority patent/GB9711745D0/en
Application filed by Fulleon Ltd filed Critical Fulleon Ltd
Publication of EP0986799A1 publication Critical patent/EP0986799A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0986799B1 publication Critical patent/EP0986799B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B27/00—Alarm systems in which the alarm condition is signalled from a central station to a plurality of substations

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an alarm system.
  • it relates to a two-wire alarm system.
  • Conventional fire alarm systems were based on four-wire systems in which detection zones were provided with detectors such as smoke detectors or heat detectors, and which used two wires to provide power to the detectors and for the detectors to indicate a fire condition by switching in a load across the detection line. The remaining two wires were used to power sounders when an alarm condition occurred.
  • the line was normally held in a first polarity that was blocked by a diode in each sounder to allow a control panel to monitor current via an end of line resistor. When the control panel went into an alarm situation, the polarity was reversed, the blocking diodes were then forward biased and the sounders operated.
  • the present invention arose in an attempt to provide an improved alarm system.
  • a two-wire alarm apparatus comprising a control panel; a first plurality of detectors; a second plurality of alarm indicating devices; means at the control panel for sensing an alarm condition and subsequently applying a predetermined pattern of power pulses to the wires at a level sufficient to power the alarm indicating devices; and means associated with each alarm indication device for causing the alarm indication device to begin generation of its alarm indication upon receiving the power pulses.
  • the panel may be a conventional one, with the addition of the means for applying the power pulse pattern, which means may be provided in a discrete module and preferably include a large reservoir capacitor.
  • the alarm indication devices are preferably sounders but they may alternatively be warning lights, eg. strobe lights, combined sounders/lights or other means.
  • a method of operating an alarm system comprising a control panel, a first plurality of detectors and a second plurality of alarm indicating devices mounted upon a common pair of wires, the method comprising the generation by one or more detectors of an alarm signal; the generation of a predetermined power pulse pattern at the control panel at a level sufficient to power the alarm indicating devices and causing the alarm indicating devices to commence alarm indication upon receiving the power pulses.
  • an alarm system comprises a control panel 1 to which is connected two control/power lines 2, 3.
  • a first plurality of detectors 4 are mounted to the two wires and these detectors may be, for example, fire detectors, smoke detectors, heat detectors, or any other type of detector.
  • the invention is not limited for use in fire alarm systems and the detectors may be intruder detectors (eg. infrared) or may have other uses.
  • a further plurality of alarm indicating devices such as sounders 5 are also mounted to the two-wire bus.
  • Other indicating devices such as lights, combined sounders/lights or other means may be alternatively or additionally supplied.
  • EOL end of line
  • Control panel 1 is provided with a main panel printed circuit board (PCB) 7 in conventional fashion.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • an existing system comprising a control unit and main panel PCB, two-wire bus and detectors and sounders may be used, with the addition of a control module 8 containing specific electronics for performing the invention.
  • a control module 8 containing specific electronics for performing the invention.
  • the control module 8 may be integrated with the main panel PCB or other electronics 7 in other embodiments of the invention.
  • the control module 8 in the embodiment of Figure 1 is connected to the main panel PCB and the two-wire bus 2, 3 is taken from the control module.
  • An additional, dummy, end of line unit 9 is also connected to the control module.
  • the control module is positioned in the bus lines 2, 3 between the main panel PCB and the zone wiring and comprises control electronics and a large reservoir capacitor C.
  • Each sounder includes electronic circuitry for generating required sounds when the sounder is in an alarm state.
  • the detectors 4 are functioning but the sounders 5 are not; taking no or minimal current.
  • the voltage on the line is a detection voltage of, say, 18-20V, although this may vary with different systems of course.
  • the main panel PCB 1 senses this by a changed voltage on the two-wire bus 2, 3 and detector wires W 1 , and sends an appropriate signal along alarm output wires W 2 .
  • the control module 8 is then arranged to supply additional pulses of power, as shown in Figure 2, along the two-wire bus 2, 3 at a selected duty cycle so that in a time period T the additional pulses of power are supplied only for a proportion t of that time.
  • These 'sounder' pulses may be at, say, 6A for example and the period T may be, eg half a second so that a power pulse of 6V is supplied for only a proportion of each half second time interval.
  • the proportion of time t in some embodiments may be between 6 to 12%, preferably 8% so that in each one second time period the 'sounder' voltage signal is supplied for one tenth of a second. However, the proportion t may be less than 6% or greater than 12% in some embodiments.
  • Time period T may of course be any period, not necessarily half a second.
  • the sounders are arranged to respond to each power pulse so that when a power pulse is detected, the sounders are put into a sounding mode and begin to sound either immediately or after receiving a predetermined number of pulses.
  • the sounders are powered by the additional voltage supplied with the power pulse but current reservoir means, such as a reservoir capacitor, is also included in each sounder so that the reservoir is charged by the respective pulses to keep on powering the sounders during the remainder of the time period T when the power pulse is not supplied.
  • the power pulses are generated at the module 8 from the reservoir capacitor. (This is charged from the control unit and is arranged to supply the high current pulses, of perhaps 6A at 28V, required to operate the sounders, at a repetition rate and duty cycle.
  • the module 8 is effectively transparent and therefore allows the standard detector line monitoring method to operate as usual.
  • the alarm circuit output triggers the module, and the module begins to provide the power pulses to communicate with, and drive, the sounders as shown in Figure 2.
  • the pattern of pulses may act as a code for controlling the sounders.
  • the pulse P1 provided to the sounder sets it into alarm mode and provides power to each sounder in the circuit.
  • the second pulse P2 resets a microcontroller in each sounder (one example is shown at 10) and continues to provide power.
  • the third pulse P3 and all consecutive pulses tell the microcontroller to begin sounding and also provide power to the sounders.
  • detection of the third current (power) pulse commands the sounders to turn on and emit a pre-programmed tone in one embodiment.
  • Other pulse patterns may be introduced, and other codes may be used.
  • the sounders 5 are preferably only drawing current from the module 8 for less than 10% of the time. Therefore, the panel continues to monitor the detection lines (at the normal detection voltage, say 18-20V) for, eg, further fires, faults and detector removals from the remaining 90% or more of the time (T-t).
  • a change-over relay may be used to connect the fire panel detector monitoring circuitry during said 90% or more of the time.
  • the alarm output from the panel 8 ceases.
  • the module 8 stops generating pulses and the sounders stop sounding.
  • the power pulses output by the module 8 may be positive or negative going pulses.
  • the current supplied from the module is sourced from the alarm circuit, which is used to charge reservoir capacitor C to a level sufficient to provide the high current pulses required to power all the sounders in the circuit.
  • the means for charging and switching the capacitor C, or other reservoir means, will be apparent.
  • the capacitor may be charged via a resistor for example.
  • the switching between supply of the high current pulses and normal detection voltage may be achieved by the relay as described above, or by other means.
  • Terminals T 1 and T 2 are connected to the control panel's field zonal detector loop terminals. These are fed transparently through relay RL1 on to terminals T 9 and T 10 for connection to field detectors and sounders.
  • Terminals T 3 and T 6 are connected to the control panel's bell circuit (terminal 3 is positive in the alarm condition).
  • Terminals T 4 and T 5 are for terminating the above bell circuit's EOL resistor.
  • Terminals T 7 and T 8 are connected to the fire panels AUX supply (20 in Figure 3).
  • terminals T 1 and T 2 are transparently fed through to terminals T 9 and T 10 .
  • This enables the panel to operate as a conventional panel, detecting fire and fault conditions in the normal manner on the detector loop.
  • An AUX supply at terminals T 7 and T 8 energises the fault relay RL2 which connects in circuit the bell circuit's EOL resistor and terminal T 2 to T 10 .
  • the status of the AUX supply is indicated by a light emitting diode LD3.
  • the sounders themselves may be provided with charge reservoirs such as capacitors 12 so that each power pulse at a duty cycle of, say 8%, is sufficient to continue powering a sounder (by means of capacitor 12) until the next power burst.
  • Each capacitor 12 is of capacity to take a 'gulp' of current with each power pulse P and the sounder uses the current during the time periods between pulses.
  • the current sunk by the sounder during each current pulse may be 133 mA per sounder.
  • the pulse pattern may comprise two or more bursts of pulses.
  • the detectors in the zone essentially ignore the pulse pattern on the line.
  • Trigger pulses may be repeated at predetermined intervals to ensure that sounders are operating and/or to resynchronise sounders when necessary.
  • the sounders remain in an alarm condition (receiving power pulses) until either the panel is reset, which briefly powers down the line for all products and resets the system back into detection mode, or until a 'silence alarms' option is used (eg. the provision of a silence alarm button 11 on the control panel).
  • the silence alarm option stops power being switched to the alarm control module 8 and thus the alarm line voltage drops below a certain threshold as it would with only a detection circuit voltage applied. This serves to reset the sounders and to put them into a sleep mode again in which they are ready to be woken up by a suitable pulse on detection of a further alarm situation.
  • the voltage of the line must not drop below about 5 volts DC such that when this occurs the sounders are silenced yet the detectors retain their state. To obtain a complete reset in some embodiments, the line voltage should drop below 2 volts, normally to 0 Volts.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which two separate zones, ZONE 1 and ZONE2 are to be monitored.
  • Each zone comprises a two wire bus with detectors and sounders as before.
  • two separate interface modules 8a and 8b are provided.
  • the zone monitoring is independent but common alarm output wiring 14 from the control panel PCB to the interface modules 8a and 8b is included.
  • separate alarm output wiring may be provided.
  • Each interface module generates independent power pulses on its zonal wires via respective charge reservoirs C 1 , C 2 during an alarm mode.
  • the alert signal may be a cadenced alarm, i.e. the alarm devices are turned on and off repeatedly.
  • the control module 8 may be arranged to apply the cadenced signal to zones which are not in alarm, when another zone is in alarm. During sounding of the alert signal the detectors can be monitored during the times the alarm devices are off. If an alarm situation is then detected the zone goes into alarm and the signal changes from alert to evacuate.
  • control module 8 may turn off the alarm devices (by silencing the alarm) for a period of time only long enough for the zone detection circuit to respond, typically once every 10 seconds. Detectors which go into an alarm state will then be seen by the control unit which is able to signal the spread of fire or other condition and to operate outputs/signals as required.
  • the sounders are actuated and powered by pulses of power and the detectors are monitored between the pulses.
  • the voltage on the line may revert to a normal detection voltage of 18-20V for example, or to any other voltage.
  • the control panel preferably includes an auxiliary power supply 20, as shown in Figure 3, which can provide on an alarm circuit output to the interface module or modules.
  • a module is incorporated with or retrofitted to a conventional or existing control panel.

Landscapes

  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Zwei-Draht-Alarmgerät, umfassend eine Schalttafel (1), eine erste Vielzahl von Detektoren (4), eine zweite Vielzahl von Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtungen (5), Mittel (8) an der Schalttafel zum Abfühlen eines Alarmzustands und daraufhin Anlegen eines vorbestimmten Musters von Leistungsimpulsen (P1, P2, P3, ...) an die Drähte mit ausreichender Stärke, um die Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtungen zu betätigen; sowie Mittel, die mit jeder Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtung verbunden sind, damit die Alarm anzeigende Vorrichtung mit der Alarmanzeige beginnt, wenn sie die Leistungsimpulse erhält.
  2. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 1, worin die Leistungsimpulse mit einem vorbestimmten Arbeitszyklus aus einem Stromspeicher zugeführt werden.
  3. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 2, worin der Speicher einen Kondensator umfasst.
  4. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, worin während eines Alarmzustands die Alarm anzeigende Vorrichtung von den Leistungsimpulsen angetrieben wird und die Detektoren so angeordnet sind, dass sie die Überwachung der Zwei-Draht-Schaltung während der Zeiträume zwischen den Leistungsimpulsen weiterhin fortsetzen.
  5. Alarmgerät nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin das Mittel zum Anlegen des Impulsmusters Teil eines diskreten Moduls ist, das mit der Schalttafel verbunden ist.
  6. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 5, worin die Leistungsimpulse am Modul erzeugt werden.
  7. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, worin das Modul an einer herkömmlichen Schalttafel angebracht ist.
  8. Alarmgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5, 6 oder 7, worin das Modul einen Speicher umfasst, von dem die Leistungsimpulse angelegt werden.
  9. Alarmgerät nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin die Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtungen tonerzeugende Apparate sind.
  10. Alarmgerät nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin während eines Alarmzustands die Leistungsimpulse mit einem Arbeitszyklus von 6 bis 12 %, vorzugsweise 8 %, zugeführt werden.
  11. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, worin jeder Alarm anzeigende, tonerzeugende Apparat einen Speicher umfasst, in dem Strom von jedem Impulse gespeichert wird und der kontinuierliches Betreiben der Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtung zwischen Impulsen ermöglicht, wenn ein Alarmzustand herrscht.
  12. Gerät nach Anspruch 11, worin nach dem Enden des Alarmzustands die tonerzeugenden Apparate durch das Entladen der Tonerzeugungsapparat-Speicher zu läuten aufhören.
  13. Verfahren zum Betätigen eines Alarmsystems, das eine Schalttafel (1), eine erste Vielzahl von Detektoren (4) und eine zweite Vielzahl von Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtungen (5) umfasst, die auf einem gemeinsamen Drähtepaar montiert sind, wobei das Verfahren die Erzeugung eines Alarmsignals durch einen oder mehrere Detektoren, die Erzeugung eines vorbestimmten Musters von Leistungsimpulsen (P1, P2, P3, ...) an der Schalttafel in ausreichender Stärke, um die Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtungen zu betätigen und sie so zu veranlassen, einen Alarm anzuzeigen, wenn sie die Leistungsimpulse erhalten haben.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, worin die Leistungsimpulse mit einem vorbestimmten Arbeitszyklus aus einem Stromspeicher zugeführt werden.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, worin der Speicher ein Kondensator ist.
  16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13, 14 oder 15, worin während eines Alarmzustands die Alarm anzeigenden Vorrichtungen aus den Leistungsimpulsen betrieben werden und die Detektoren das Drähtepaar während der Zeiträume zwischen den Leistungsimpulsen weiterhin überwachen.
  17. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 16, worin während eines Alarmzustands die Leistungsimpulse mit einem Arbeitszyklus von 6 bis 12 %, vorzugsweise 8 %, angelegt werden.
  18. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 17, worin die Impulse auch einen Code zur Steuerung der Tonerzeugungsapparate darstellen.
EP98928432A 1997-06-07 1998-06-08 Alarmsystem Expired - Lifetime EP0986799B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9711745 1997-06-07
GBGB9711745.1A GB9711745D0 (en) 1997-06-07 1997-06-07 Alarm system
GBGB9724593.0A GB9724593D0 (en) 1997-06-07 1997-11-21 Alarm system
GB9724593 1997-11-21
PCT/GB1998/001674 WO1998055976A1 (en) 1997-06-07 1998-06-08 Alarm system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0986799A1 EP0986799A1 (de) 2000-03-22
EP0986799B1 true EP0986799B1 (de) 2001-12-12

Family

ID=26311670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98928432A Expired - Lifetime EP0986799B1 (de) 1997-06-07 1998-06-08 Alarmsystem

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0986799B1 (de)
AU (1) AU8026498A (de)
DE (1) DE69802930T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2170504T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1998055976A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9547348B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2017-01-17 Walter Kidde Portable Equipment Inc. Reactive power supply

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD147013A1 (de) * 1979-11-13 1981-03-11 Wolfgang Hentschel Verfahren zur melderkennung,insbesondere fuer brandmeldeanlagen
DE3370387D1 (en) * 1982-08-27 1987-04-23 Monicell Ltd Alarm system
WO1994023402A1 (en) * 1993-03-29 1994-10-13 Gilbert Alain Lindsay Garrick Versatile fire alarm, evacuation and emergency lighting system
GB2281995B (en) * 1993-09-21 1996-11-20 Protector Alarms Ltd Alarm system
GB9418719D0 (en) * 1994-09-16 1994-11-02 Jsb Electrical Plc Fire alarms
US5608375A (en) * 1995-03-20 1997-03-04 Wheelock Inc. Synchronized visual/audible alarm system
GB2321747B (en) * 1997-01-30 2000-10-18 Rafiki Protection Limited Alarm system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8026498A (en) 1998-12-21
DE69802930T2 (de) 2002-08-08
EP0986799A1 (de) 2000-03-22
ES2170504T3 (es) 2002-08-01
WO1998055976A1 (en) 1998-12-10
DE69802930D1 (de) 2002-01-24

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