EP0984136A1 - Doppelseitige Zentrifugal- Zentripedalturbine - Google Patents

Doppelseitige Zentrifugal- Zentripedalturbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0984136A1
EP0984136A1 EP98116484A EP98116484A EP0984136A1 EP 0984136 A1 EP0984136 A1 EP 0984136A1 EP 98116484 A EP98116484 A EP 98116484A EP 98116484 A EP98116484 A EP 98116484A EP 0984136 A1 EP0984136 A1 EP 0984136A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
working fluid
turbine wheel
blades
outer edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98116484A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alexander Churakov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schmid and Wezel GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Schmid and Wezel GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schmid and Wezel GmbH and Co filed Critical Schmid and Wezel GmbH and Co
Priority to EP98116484A priority Critical patent/EP0984136A1/de
Publication of EP0984136A1 publication Critical patent/EP0984136A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/06—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, hand-held tools or the like control thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to turbines and, more particularly, to a double rimmed centrifugal-centripetal turbine, suitable for applications, such as hand-held pneumatic tools, in which space is at a premium, and which can be fabricated by casting.
  • the most efficient designs of small turbines are the radial-axial design, with centripetal entrance of working fluid and axial exit of working fluid; and the exclusively radial design, either centripetal or centrifugal, with energy transferred from the working fluid as the working fluid moves in a single plane.
  • the most efficient method for reducing the idling speed of a turbine is by using double rimmed stages. This method can lower the idling speed of an axial turbine by as much as 40% to 50%. Double rimmed turbine velocity stages also are widely used in radial turbines.
  • the double rimmed design has two disadvantages for radial turbines, as compared to axial turbines. In a centripetal radial design, the inlet nozzle must be situated radially beyond the rotor, increasing the radial size of the design. In a centrifugal radial design, the main transfer of kinetic energy from the working fluid to the turbine rotor occurs at a smaller radius than in an axial turbine of similar outer dimensions, decreasing the torque available from this design. Thus, although ease of manufacture favors the radial design for small turbines, the incorporation of a double rimmed stage in such a turbine to reduce its idling speed is expected to carry a penalty in reduced efficiency.
  • Kotlyar et al. in Russian patent 2,008,435, teach a compact double-rimmed centrifugal-centripetal radial turbine in which the rotor blades are near the periphery of the rotor, optimizing the energy transfer in the centrifugal stage, and the flow of the working fluid is transformed from centrifugal to centripetal by a circumferential shelf that is incorporated in the rotor.
  • the geometry of this shelf makes it impossible to fabricate the rotor by knock-down transfer molding.
  • the present invention allows the working fluid to flow around essentially the entire extent of the outer edge of the turbine wheel, and uses guide vanes in a chamber circumferential to the turbine wheel to reverse the radial and azimuthal components of the velocity of the working fluid.
  • a barrier attached to the guide vanes, is provided to keep the working fluid from contacting the outer edge of the turbine wheel.
  • the guide vanes are spaced and shaped, as described below, to allow all parts of the turbine of the present invention to be fabricated by casting.
  • Figure 1 is an axial cross section of a turbine 10 according to the present invention.
  • Figures 2 and 4 are transverse cross sections of turbine 10 along cuts A-A and C-C respectively.
  • Figure 3 is an axial cross section of turbine 10 along cut B-B.
  • Turbine wheel 20 includes an outer cylindrical portion 25 , the proximal surface of which is a first rim 23 , and the distal surface of which is a second rim 27 .
  • first rim 23 are mounted a first set of blades 32 .
  • second rim 27 are mounted a second set of blades 36 .
  • the radially outermost portion of housing 12 defines a chamber 18 whose peripheral circumference is defined by an inner circumferential surface 19 of housing 12 .
  • the inner surface of chamber 18 also includes, in addition to circumferential surface 19 , a proximal surface 19' and a distal surface 19'' .
  • guide vane assembly 50 Adjacent to inner circumferential surface 19 and opposite outer edge 24 of turbine wheel 20 is guide vane assembly 50, which includes a set of guide vanes 34 projecting radially inward from surface 19 and a circumferential barrier 52 , radially inward from guide vanes 34 , to which guide vanes 34 are rigidly attached and from which guide vanes 34 project radially outward. Note that barrier 52 surrounds, but does not contact, outer edge 24 of turbine wheel 20 .
  • a working fluid such as air is introduced under pressure into proximal portion 14 of housing 12 .
  • the working fluid flows through nozzles 42 , which, along with surface 19' , direct the working fluid azimuthally and centrifugally at first blades 32 .
  • the working fluid transfers some of its kinetic energy to turbine wheel 20 , causing turbine wheel 20 and shaft 28 to rotate.
  • the working fluid proceeds into chamber 18 , where surface 19 and guide vanes 34 redirect the flow of the working fluid: surface 19 reverses the radial component of the velocity of the working fluid, and guide vanes 34 reverse the azimuthal component of the velocity of the working fluid.
  • first blades 32 and second blades 36 are mounted on rims 23 and 27, respectively, of outer cylindrical portion 25 of turbine wheel 20, adjacent to outer edge 24 of turbine wheel 20. Mounting blades 32 and 36 at the outermost possible radial positions on turbine wheel 20 minimizes the idling speed of turbine 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
EP98116484A 1998-09-01 1998-09-01 Doppelseitige Zentrifugal- Zentripedalturbine Withdrawn EP0984136A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98116484A EP0984136A1 (de) 1998-09-01 1998-09-01 Doppelseitige Zentrifugal- Zentripedalturbine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98116484A EP0984136A1 (de) 1998-09-01 1998-09-01 Doppelseitige Zentrifugal- Zentripedalturbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0984136A1 true EP0984136A1 (de) 2000-03-08

Family

ID=8232555

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98116484A Withdrawn EP0984136A1 (de) 1998-09-01 1998-09-01 Doppelseitige Zentrifugal- Zentripedalturbine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0984136A1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10227426C1 (de) * 2002-06-20 2003-07-31 Martin Ziegler Schaufelrad für kompakte Strömungsmaschinen
EP1384516A2 (de) 2002-07-22 2004-01-28 Dürr Systems GmbH Turbinenmotor eines Rotationszerstäubers
EP1443181A2 (de) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-04 GAT Gesellschaft für Antriebstechnik mbH Turbinenrad zum Antrieb schnell rotierender Werkzeuge
WO2012030241A1 (en) 2010-08-29 2012-03-08 Pawlak Zdzislaw Method and turbine for receiving energy through expansion of steam or gases in a centripetal - axial - centrifugal multistage turbine
CN104863642A (zh) * 2015-06-12 2015-08-26 西华大学 一种小流量涡轮膨胀机

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE262119C (de) *
FR2168E (fr) * 1903-03-30 1904-01-14 Paul Kugel Perfectionnements aux turbines à vapeur ou à gaz à chargement radial
US1470219A (en) * 1922-04-04 1923-10-09 Charles S Richman Turbine-flue cleaner
GB252706A (en) 1925-06-01 1926-11-25 Alfred Arthur Forman Improvements in steam turbine engines
US2297210A (en) * 1938-07-23 1942-09-29 Gente Ernst Gas turbine
US2837309A (en) * 1955-12-19 1958-06-03 Worthington Corp Turbine
GB885367A (en) * 1959-03-14 1961-12-28 Svenska Rotor Maskiner Ab Improvements in or relating to the production of blade wheels
EP0353856A1 (de) 1988-07-30 1990-02-07 John Kirby Turbinen
RU2008435C1 (ru) 1991-02-11 1994-02-28 Нижегородский государственный технический университет Радиальная турбина

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE262119C (de) *
FR2168E (fr) * 1903-03-30 1904-01-14 Paul Kugel Perfectionnements aux turbines à vapeur ou à gaz à chargement radial
US1470219A (en) * 1922-04-04 1923-10-09 Charles S Richman Turbine-flue cleaner
GB252706A (en) 1925-06-01 1926-11-25 Alfred Arthur Forman Improvements in steam turbine engines
US2297210A (en) * 1938-07-23 1942-09-29 Gente Ernst Gas turbine
US2837309A (en) * 1955-12-19 1958-06-03 Worthington Corp Turbine
GB885367A (en) * 1959-03-14 1961-12-28 Svenska Rotor Maskiner Ab Improvements in or relating to the production of blade wheels
EP0353856A1 (de) 1988-07-30 1990-02-07 John Kirby Turbinen
RU2008435C1 (ru) 1991-02-11 1994-02-28 Нижегородский государственный технический университет Радиальная турбина

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10227426C1 (de) * 2002-06-20 2003-07-31 Martin Ziegler Schaufelrad für kompakte Strömungsmaschinen
EP1384516A2 (de) 2002-07-22 2004-01-28 Dürr Systems GmbH Turbinenmotor eines Rotationszerstäubers
EP1384516A3 (de) * 2002-07-22 2008-03-12 Dürr Systems GmbH Turbinenmotor eines Rotationszerstäubers
EP1443181A2 (de) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-04 GAT Gesellschaft für Antriebstechnik mbH Turbinenrad zum Antrieb schnell rotierender Werkzeuge
EP1443181A3 (de) * 2003-01-30 2006-12-27 GAT Gesellschaft für Antriebstechnik mbH Turbinenrad zum Antrieb schnell rotierender Werkzeuge
US7223075B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2007-05-29 GAT Gesellschaft für Antriebstechnik mbH Turbine wheel for driving rapidly rotating tools
CN1519055B (zh) * 2003-01-30 2010-04-28 Gat传动技术有限公司 用于驱动快速旋转工具的涡轮
WO2012030241A1 (en) 2010-08-29 2012-03-08 Pawlak Zdzislaw Method and turbine for receiving energy through expansion of steam or gases in a centripetal - axial - centrifugal multistage turbine
CN104863642A (zh) * 2015-06-12 2015-08-26 西华大学 一种小流量涡轮膨胀机
CN104863642B (zh) * 2015-06-12 2016-06-15 西华大学 一种小流量涡轮膨胀机

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