EP0982556A1 - Method and device for feeding ammunition to revolving-cannon guns - Google Patents

Method and device for feeding ammunition to revolving-cannon guns Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0982556A1
EP0982556A1 EP99103102A EP99103102A EP0982556A1 EP 0982556 A1 EP0982556 A1 EP 0982556A1 EP 99103102 A EP99103102 A EP 99103102A EP 99103102 A EP99103102 A EP 99103102A EP 0982556 A1 EP0982556 A1 EP 0982556A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor chain
cartridges
revolver
conveyor
drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99103102A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0982556B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Mannhart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
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Oerlikon Contraves AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Oerlikon Contraves AG filed Critical Oerlikon Contraves AG
Publication of EP0982556A1 publication Critical patent/EP0982556A1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/82—Reloading or unloading of magazines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/04—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using endless-chain belts carrying a plurality of ammunition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for supplying ammunition to revolver cannons, with cartridges transported with a conveyor chain to one coaxially a revolver drum arranged star wheel.
  • such a device has become known which has a conveyor chain rotating in a housing of a magazine. Cups are provided on the conveyor chain, in which cartridges are held during transport to a drum of a revolver cannon. At a deflection point of the conveyor chain facing the drum, star-shaped deflection wheels and star-shaped transfer wheels are arranged on a common rotatable axis, the deflection wheels being in engagement with the conveyor chain.
  • a first conveyor element provided in the area of the deflection wheels takes cartridges from the conveyor chain or the transfer wheels, the cartridges being transported along a circular guide surface away from the transfer wheels to a second conveyor element.
  • the first conveyor member consists of two three-pointed stars arranged on a common rotatable axis, the gaps of which are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the cartridges.
  • the second conveyor member is also rotatably arranged and has a guide surface for receiving a cartridge.
  • a loading star running coaxially to the drum is fastened to the drum, to which the second conveying member transfers the cartridges.
  • the device described above has a relatively complicated structure and has no devices for the removal of the empty cartridge cases, as is advantageous, for example, in the case of revolver guns used for aircraft.
  • the invention has for its object a method and an apparatus of the beginning to propose the type mentioned, which do not have the disadvantages mentioned above and are particularly suitable for aircraft.
  • the cartridges are loaded shortly before reaching the Revolver cannon in a first path that deviates from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain steered and guided at a greater distance from the revolver drum around its axis and transported further.
  • the cartridges are in a shooting phase shortly before reaching the Revolver cannon in a second, which deviates from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain Track steered, guided around the axis of the revolver drum and immediately behind it successively brought into a firing position.
  • the empty cartridge cases are replaced caught shooting and throwing and on the first lane in a magazine transported.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are as follows:
  • the proposed device with return of the empty cartridge cases and misfired cartridges enables automatic loading and unloading of the cannon and is particularly suitable for airplanes (unloading the cannon before landing) and wherever unmanned work has to be carried out (difficult access to the cannon).
  • the continuous movement of the main parts of the conveyor system reduces loads and optimizes energy consumption.
  • Fig. 1 denotes a revolver cannon to which a feed device 2 is attached.
  • the feed device 2 is connected to one end of a conveyor 3 , the other end of which is attached to a magazine 4 .
  • the feed device 2 supplies a revolver drum ( 13 , FIG. 3 ) of the revolver cannon 1 with cartridges 5 , catches the ejected empty cartridge cases 6 again and transfers them to the conveyor 3 .
  • the conveyor 3 removes the cartridges 5 from the magazine 4 , transports them to the revolver cannon 1 and conveys the empty cartridge cases 6 back to the magazine 4 .
  • the feed device 2 consists essentially of a housing 7 , a clutch 8 , a star wheel 9 , two transfer wheels 10 , a displacement device 11 for an adjustable guide 12 of the conveyor 3 and an ejector tube and safety device for not shown the empty cartridge cases 6 .
  • the star wheel 9 is in two parts, consisting of a front part which is coupled to the turret drum 13 and a rear part which can be uncoupled from the front part or from the turret drum 13 .
  • the rear part is uncoupled from the revolver drum 13 , and cartridges 5 can be transported in the rear part about the revolver drum axis.
  • the first cartridge from the conveyor 3 is positioned behind the last one in the front star wheel part.
  • the star wheel 9 arranged coaxially to the turret drum 13 can be coupled or uncoupled therefrom.
  • the star wheel 9 holds the cartridges 5 during the loading of the revolver drum 13 and also drives a conveyor chain 14 of the conveyor 3 via a gear.
  • the catching device stops the ejected cartridge cases 6 or cartridges 5 and transfers them to the conveyor chain 14 of the conveyor 3 , the cartridge cases 6 or cartridges 5 being guided by a fixed guide 16 and the adjustable guide 12 of the feed device 2 or the conveyor 3 .
  • the cartridges 5 can be steered into another path by means of the displacement device 11 or the adjustable guide 12 , so that they cannot be pushed back into an axis 15 of the revolver drum 13 when it rotates around it.
  • the conveyor 3 consists of a housing 17 , the conveyor chain 14 , the adjustable and fixed guide 12 or 16 , two star wheels 18 , 19 and two transfer wheels 20 .
  • Half-shells 21 for holding the cartridges 5 or cartridge cases 6 are fastened to the conveyor chain 14 .
  • the housing 17 has two side walls 17.1 , 17.2 , which, starting from the magazine 4 , are arranged at an acute angle to the conveying direction of the conveyor chain 14 and reach their greatest distance from one another on the feed device 2 .
  • the fixed guide 16 is arranged in the region of the upper run 14.1 of the conveyor chain 14 running parallel to the one side wall 17.1 .
  • the adjustable guide 12 is arranged in the region of the lower run 14.2 of the conveyor chain 14 , running parallel to the one side wall 17.1 in a first position and parallel to the other side wall 17.2 in a second position.
  • the conveyor chain 14 is guided around the star wheels 18 , 19 arranged at both ends of the housing 17 , wherein one star wheel 18 can be driven by the feed device 2 and the other star wheel 19 by the magazine 4 .
  • the conveyor chain 14 transports the cartridges 5 from the magazine 4 to the feed device 2 and the empty cartridge cases 6 from it back to the magazine 4 , the transfer wheels 20 transporting from and to the star wheel 19 or a conveyor chain 22 of the magazine 4 to the conveyor chain 14 of the conveyor 3 and back support.
  • the magazine 4 has a housing consisting essentially of two plates 23 connected by means of spacer columns and a cover. Bearings for shafts 24 and guide grooves for the conveyor chain 22 are provided in the plates 23 .
  • the conveyor chain 22 consists of two endless roller chains to which cup-shaped holders adapted to the cartridges 5 or the cartridge cases 6 are fastened. Guides for the cartridges 5 or cup-shaped holders are arranged on the spacer columns.
  • the chain links of the roller chains are coupled to one another with play, so that the distance between two chain links can widen or shorten, a buffer effect being achieved and some cartridges 5 being able to be stored.
  • the conveyor chain 22 is guided around the shafts 24 , some of which are driven on the outside of one of the plates 23 via pinions.
  • One of the shafts 24 is designed such that it can be turned by hand from the outside.
  • a servo motor 25 which is also attached to the outer side of one of the plates 23 , serves to drive the conveyor chain 22 .
  • the housing of the magazine 4 has a door with a loading ramp for loading cartridges 5 and unloading empty cartridge cases 6 .
  • the adjustable guide 12 is pushed into the first position by means of the displacement device 11, in which position it coincides with the fixed guide 16 .
  • the cartridges 5 are transported via the transfer wheels 10 and the star wheel 9 from the lower run 14.2 around the axis 15 past a device for inserting the cartridges 5 into the revolver drum 13 .
  • the rear part of the star wheel 9 is uncoupled from the turret drum 13 and the servo motor 25 drives the conveyor chains 14 , 22 until the cartridges 5 entered into the opening of the magazine 4 and captured by the cup-shaped holders of the conveyor chain 22 have the maximum number to be filled Have reached number.
  • the adjustable guide 12 When firing (FIG. 5 ), the adjustable guide 12 is switched into the second position by means of the displacement device 11 , so that the cartridges 5 are transported from the lower run 14.2 of the conveyor chain 14 directly in front of the revolver drum 13 and the device for inserting the cartridges 5 takes effect. Since in this phase the turret drum 13 - the turret drum 13 is known to be driven by the back and forth slider.
  • This slide drives the revolver drum 13 via an integrated control cam and, via integrated cams, it moves the cartridges 5 axially into the cartridge chamber of the revolver drum 13 .
  • the slide When shooting, the slide is accelerated backwards with the shot gases via a gas piston, whereby two springs are preloaded, which bring the slide forward again.
  • the slider Since there are no shot gases when loading the cannon (3 cartridges), the slider is hydraulically, pneumatically or pyrotechnically driven by a special drive piston - coupled to the rear part of the star wheel 9 and thus to the conveyor chain 14 , the rotation of the Revolver drum 13 each brought the next cartridge 5 into the firing position. Because of the buffering effect of the conveyor chain 22 of the magazine 4 , the revolver drum 13 only has to draw a few cartridges 5 . During the same time, the servo motor 25 is switched on in order to restore the buffering effect of the conveyor chain 22 . The empty cartridge cases 6 ejected after the shot are caught by the catching device, transferred to the upper run 14.1 of the conveyor chain 14 and guided back along the fixed guide 16 .
  • the workflow of the device is monitored by sensors and controlled by a central control device.
  • the sensors of the feed device 2 provide, for example, information about the position of the star wheel 9 , the position of the adjustable guide, position of the clutch 12 and the presence of a cartridge 5 in a feed position on the revolver drum 13 .
  • the sensors of the magazine 4 provide information about the servo motor 25 and the position of the loading door as well as the correct loading function.

Abstract

Bei diesem Verfahren werden die Patronen (5) während einer Ladephase kurz vor Erreichen der Revolverkanone (1) in eine erste, von der Förderrichtung der Förderkette (14) abweichende Bahn gelenkt und in grösserem Abstand von der Revolvertrommel (13) um deren Achse (15) geführt und weiter transportiert. Die Patronen (5) werden in einer Schiessphase kurz vor Erreichen der Revolverkanone (1) in eine zweite, von der Förderrichtung der Förderkette (14) abweichende Bahn gelenkt, um die Achse (15) der Revolvertrommel (13) geführt und unmittelbar hinter dieser nacheinander in eine Schiessstellung gebracht. Die leeren Patronenhülsen (6) werden nach dem Schiessen und Auswerfen aufgefangen und auf der ersten Bahn in ein Magazin (4) transportiert. <IMAGE>In this method, the cartridges (5) are directed into a first path deviating from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain (14) during a loading phase shortly before reaching the revolver cannon (1) and at a greater distance from the revolver drum (13) about its axis (15 ) led and transported further. In a shooting phase shortly before reaching the revolver cannon (1), the cartridges (5) are steered into a second path deviating from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain (14), guided around the axis (15) of the revolver drum (13) and immediately behind it brought into a firing position. The empty cartridge cases (6) are caught after firing and ejection and transported on the first track into a magazine (4). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Munitionszuführung bei Revolverkanonen, wobei mit einer Förderkette transportierte Patronen einem koaxial zu einer Revolvertrommel angeordnetem Sternrad übergeben werden.The invention relates to a method and a device for supplying ammunition to revolver cannons, with cartridges transported with a conveyor chain to one coaxially a revolver drum arranged star wheel.

Mit der schweizerischen Patentanmeldung Nr. 01 587/95-6 ist eine derartige Vorrichtung bekannt geworden, die eine in einem Gehäuse eines Magazins umlaufende Förderkette aufweist. An der Förderkette sind Becher vorgesehen, in welchen Patronen während des Transportes zu einer Trommel einer Revolverkanone gehalten werden. An einer der Trommel zugewandten Umlenkstelle der Förderkette sind auf einer gemeinsamen drehbaren Achse sitzende sternförmige Umlenkräder und sternförmige Uebergaberäder angeordnet, wobei die Umlenkräder mit der Förderkette im Eingriff sind. Ein im Bereich der Umlenkräder vorgesehenes erstes Förderglied übernimmt von der Förderkette bzw. den Übergaberädern Patronen, wobei die Patronen entlang einer kreisbogenförmigen Führungsfläche von den Uebergaberädern weg auf ein zweites Förderglied transportiert werden. Das erste Förderglied besteht aus zwei auf einer gemeinsamen drehbaren Achse angeordneten dreizackigen Sternen, deren Lücken der Querschnittsform der Patronen angepasst sind. Das zweite Förderglied ist ebenfalls drehbar angeordnet und weist eine Führungsfläche für die Aufnahme jeweils einer Patrone auf. An der Trommel ist ein koaxial zu dieser verlaufender Ladestern befestigt, welchem das zweite Förderglied die Patronen übergibt. Eine oberhalb einer auf dem zweiten Förderglied befindlichen Patrone angeordnete Abtasteinrichtung, beispielsweise in Form einer Lichtschranke, kontrolliert die Position der ersten Patrone. Bei Vorhandensein einer Patrone wird eine Durchladevorrichtung aktiviert und die Patronen in die Trommel eingeschoben. Die vorstehend beschriebene Vorrichtung ist relativ kompliziert aufgebaut und weist keine Einrichtungen für die Abführung der leeren Patronenhülsen auf, wie es beispielsweise bei für Flugzeuge verwendete Revolverkanonen von Vorteil ist.With the Swiss patent application No. 01 587 / 95-6 , such a device has become known which has a conveyor chain rotating in a housing of a magazine. Cups are provided on the conveyor chain, in which cartridges are held during transport to a drum of a revolver cannon. At a deflection point of the conveyor chain facing the drum, star-shaped deflection wheels and star-shaped transfer wheels are arranged on a common rotatable axis, the deflection wheels being in engagement with the conveyor chain. A first conveyor element provided in the area of the deflection wheels takes cartridges from the conveyor chain or the transfer wheels, the cartridges being transported along a circular guide surface away from the transfer wheels to a second conveyor element. The first conveyor member consists of two three-pointed stars arranged on a common rotatable axis, the gaps of which are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the cartridges. The second conveyor member is also rotatably arranged and has a guide surface for receiving a cartridge. A loading star running coaxially to the drum is fastened to the drum, to which the second conveying member transfers the cartridges. A scanning device arranged above a cartridge located on the second conveyor element, for example in the form of a light barrier, controls the position of the first cartridge. If a cartridge is present, a through-loading device is activated and the cartridges are pushed into the drum. The device described above has a relatively complicated structure and has no devices for the removal of the empty cartridge cases, as is advantageous, for example, in the case of revolver guns used for aircraft.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, die vorstehend erwähnte Nachteile nicht aufweisen und insbesondere für Flugzeuge geeignet sind.The invention has for its object a method and an apparatus of the beginning to propose the type mentioned, which do not have the disadvantages mentioned above and are particularly suitable for aircraft.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Patentansprüchen 1 und 2 angegebene Erfindung gelöst. Hierbei werden die Patronen während einer Ladephase kurz vor Erreichen der Revolverkanone in eine erste, von der Förderrichtung der Förderkette abweichende Bahn gelenkt und in grösserem Abstand von der Revolvertrommel um deren Achse geführt und weiter transportiert. Die Patronen werden in einer Schiessphase kurz vor Erreichen der Revolverkanone in eine zweite, von der Förderrichtung der Förderkette abweichende Bahn gelenkt, um die Achse der Revolvertrommel geführt und unmittelbar hinter dieser nacheinander in eine Schiessstellung gebracht. Die leeren Patronenhülsen werden nach dem Schiessen und Auswerfen aufgefangen und auf der ersten Bahn in ein Magazin transportiert.This object is achieved by the invention specified in claims 1 and 2 solved. Here, the cartridges are loaded shortly before reaching the Revolver cannon in a first path that deviates from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain steered and guided at a greater distance from the revolver drum around its axis and transported further. The cartridges are in a shooting phase shortly before reaching the Revolver cannon in a second, which deviates from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain Track steered, guided around the axis of the revolver drum and immediately behind it successively brought into a firing position. The empty cartridge cases are replaced caught shooting and throwing and on the first lane in a magazine transported.

Die mit der Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind wie folgt:
Die vorgeschlagene Vorrichtung mit Rückführung der leeren Patronenhülsen und fehlgezündeten Patronen ermöglicht ein automatisches Be- und Entladen der Kanone und ist insbesondere für Flugzeuge (entladen der Kanone vor der Landung) und überall wo unbemannt gearbeitet werden muss (schwieriger Zugang zur Kanone) geeignet. Die kontinuierliche Bewegung der Hauptteile des Fördersystems reduziert Belastungen und optimiert den Energieverbrauch. The advantages achieved with the invention are as follows:
The proposed device with return of the empty cartridge cases and misfired cartridges enables automatic loading and unloading of the cannon and is particularly suitable for airplanes (unloading the cannon before landing) and wherever unmanned work has to be carried out (difficult access to the cannon). The continuous movement of the main parts of the conveyor system reduces loads and optimizes energy consumption.

Die Fähigkeit der Förderkette des Magazins einige Patronen zu speichern kompensiert die schrittweise Bewegung der Revolvertrommel.
Weitere Vorteile liegen im einfachen modularen Aufbau, in der zuverlässigen Arbeitsweise und im einfachen Unterhalt.The ability of the magazine's conveyor chain to store a few cartridges compensates for the gradual movement of the revolver drum.
Further advantages are the simple modular structure, the reliable working method and the simple maintenance.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Revolverkanone mit der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung in vereinfachter perspektivischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 in vereinfachter Darstellung,
Fig. 3
einen Teil der Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung in gegenüber der Fig. 2 vergrössertem Massstab,
Fig. 4
eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 3 in einer Ladephase,
und
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 3 in einer Schiessphase.
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a revolver cannon with the device according to the invention in a simplified perspective view,
Fig. 2
2 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 1 in a simplified representation,
Fig. 3
FIG. 2 shows a part of the side view of the device on a larger scale than in FIG. 2 ,
Fig. 4
3 shows a top view of the device according to FIG. 3 in a loading phase,
and
Fig. 5
a plan view of the device of FIG. 3 in a shooting phase.

In der Fig. 1 ist mit 1 eine Revolverkanone bezeichnet, an der eine Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 befestigt ist. Die Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 ist mit dem einen Ende eines Förderers 3 verbunden, dessen anderes Ende an einem Magazin 4 befestigt ist. Die Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 versorgt eine Revolvertrommel (13, Fig. 3) der Revolverkanone 1 mit Patronen 5, fängt die ausgeworfenen leeren Patronenhülsen 6 wieder auf und übergibt sie dem Förderer 3. Der Förderer 3 entnimmt die Patronen 5 dem Magazin 4, transportiert sie zur Revolverkanone 1 und fördert die leeren Patronenhülsen 6 zurück zum Magazin 4.In Fig. 1 , 1 denotes a revolver cannon to which a feed device 2 is attached. The feed device 2 is connected to one end of a conveyor 3 , the other end of which is attached to a magazine 4 . The feed device 2 supplies a revolver drum ( 13 , FIG. 3 ) of the revolver cannon 1 with cartridges 5 , catches the ejected empty cartridge cases 6 again and transfers them to the conveyor 3 . The conveyor 3 removes the cartridges 5 from the magazine 4 , transports them to the revolver cannon 1 and conveys the empty cartridge cases 6 back to the magazine 4 .

Gemäss den Fig. 2 bis 5 besteht die Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 im wesentlichen aus einem Gehäuse 7, einer Kupplung 8, einem Sternrad 9, zwei Transferräder 10, einer Verschiebeeinrichtung 11 für eine verstellbare Führung 12 des Förderers 3 und einer nicht weiter dargestellten Auswerfröhre und Fangvorrichtung für die leeren Patronenhülsen 6. Dabei ist das Sternrad 9 zweiteilig -bestehend aus einem vorderen Teil, der mit der Revolvertrommel 13 gekoppelt ist, und einem hinteren Teil, der vom vorderen Teil bzw. von der Revolvertrommel 13 abgekoppelt werden kann- ausgeführt. Zum Nachladen wird der hintere Teil von der Revolvertrommel 13 abgekoppelt, und Patronen 5 können im hinteren Teil um die Revolvertrommelachse transportiert werden. Gleichzeitig befinden sich im vorderen Teil des Sternrades 9 bzw. in der Revolvertrommel 13 noch 3 Patronen. Nach dem Nachladen wird also die erste Patrone aus dem Förderer 3 hinter die letzte im vorderen Sternradteil positioniert. 2 to 5 , the feed device 2 consists essentially of a housing 7 , a clutch 8 , a star wheel 9 , two transfer wheels 10 , a displacement device 11 for an adjustable guide 12 of the conveyor 3 and an ejector tube and safety device for not shown the empty cartridge cases 6 . The star wheel 9 is in two parts, consisting of a front part which is coupled to the turret drum 13 and a rear part which can be uncoupled from the front part or from the turret drum 13 . For reloading, the rear part is uncoupled from the revolver drum 13 , and cartridges 5 can be transported in the rear part about the revolver drum axis. At the same time there are 3 cartridges in the front part of the star wheel 9 or in the revolver drum 13 . After reloading, the first cartridge from the conveyor 3 is positioned behind the last one in the front star wheel part.

Mittels der Kupplung 8 kann das koaxial zur Revolvertrommel 13 angeordnete Sternrad 9 an- oder von dieser abgekoppelt werden. Das Sternrad 9 hält während des Ladens der Revolvertrommel 13 die Patronen 5 und treibt ausserdem über ein Getriebe eine Förderkette 14 des Förderers 3 an. Die Fangvorrichtung stoppt die ausgeworfenen Patronenhülsen 6 bzw. Patronen 5 und übergibt sie der Förderkette 14 des Förderers 3, wobei die Patronenhülsen 6 bzw. Patronen 5 von einer festen Führung 16 und der verstellbaren Führung 12 der Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 bzw. des Förderers 3 geführt werden. Hierbei können die Patronen 5 mittels der Verschiebeeinrichtung 11 bzw. der verstellbaren Führung 12 in eine andere Bahn gelenkt werden, so dass sie beim Umrunden einer Achse 15 der Revolvertrommel 13 nicht wieder in diese eingeschoben werden können.By means of the coupling 8 , the star wheel 9 arranged coaxially to the turret drum 13 can be coupled or uncoupled therefrom. The star wheel 9 holds the cartridges 5 during the loading of the revolver drum 13 and also drives a conveyor chain 14 of the conveyor 3 via a gear. The catching device stops the ejected cartridge cases 6 or cartridges 5 and transfers them to the conveyor chain 14 of the conveyor 3 , the cartridge cases 6 or cartridges 5 being guided by a fixed guide 16 and the adjustable guide 12 of the feed device 2 or the conveyor 3 . Here, the cartridges 5 can be steered into another path by means of the displacement device 11 or the adjustable guide 12 , so that they cannot be pushed back into an axis 15 of the revolver drum 13 when it rotates around it.

Der Förderer 3 besteht aus einem Gehäuse 17, der Förderkette 14, der verstellbaren und festen Führung 12 bzw. 16, zwei Sternrädern 18, 19 und zwei Transferräder 20. An der Förderkette 14 sind Halbschalen 21 für die Halterung der Patronen 5 bzw. Patronenhülsen 6 befestigt. Das Gehäuse 17 weist zwei Seitenwände 17.1, 17.2 auf, die vom Magazin 4 ausgehend spitzwinklig zur Förderrichtung der Förderkette 14 auseinanderlaufend angeordnet sind und ihren grössten Abstand voneinander an der Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 erreichen. Die feste Führung 16 ist im Bereich des oberen Trums 14.1 der Förderkette 14 parallel zu der einen Seitenwand 17.1 verlaufend angeordnet. Die verstellbare Führung 12 ist im Bereich des unteren Trums 14.2 der Förderkette 14 angeordnet, wobei sie in einer ersten Stellung parallel zu der einen Seitenwand 17.1 und in einer zweiten Stellung parallel zu der anderen Seitenwand 17.2 verläuft. Die Förderkette 14 ist um die an beiden Enden des Gehäuses 17 angeordneten Sternrädern 18,19 geführt, wobei das eine Sternrad 18 von der Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 und das andere Sternrad 19 vom Magazin 4 angetrieben werden kann. Die Förderkette 14 transportiert die Patronen 5 vom Magazin 4 zur Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 und die leeren Patronenhülsen 6 von dieser zum Magazin 4 zurück, wobei die Transferräder 20 den Transport von und zum Sternrad 19 bzw. einer Förderkette 22 des Magazins 4 zur Förderkette 14 des Förderers 3 und zurück unterstützen. The conveyor 3 consists of a housing 17 , the conveyor chain 14 , the adjustable and fixed guide 12 or 16 , two star wheels 18 , 19 and two transfer wheels 20 . Half-shells 21 for holding the cartridges 5 or cartridge cases 6 are fastened to the conveyor chain 14 . The housing 17 has two side walls 17.1 , 17.2 , which, starting from the magazine 4 , are arranged at an acute angle to the conveying direction of the conveyor chain 14 and reach their greatest distance from one another on the feed device 2 . The fixed guide 16 is arranged in the region of the upper run 14.1 of the conveyor chain 14 running parallel to the one side wall 17.1 . The adjustable guide 12 is arranged in the region of the lower run 14.2 of the conveyor chain 14 , running parallel to the one side wall 17.1 in a first position and parallel to the other side wall 17.2 in a second position. The conveyor chain 14 is guided around the star wheels 18 , 19 arranged at both ends of the housing 17 , wherein one star wheel 18 can be driven by the feed device 2 and the other star wheel 19 by the magazine 4 . The conveyor chain 14 transports the cartridges 5 from the magazine 4 to the feed device 2 and the empty cartridge cases 6 from it back to the magazine 4 , the transfer wheels 20 transporting from and to the star wheel 19 or a conveyor chain 22 of the magazine 4 to the conveyor chain 14 of the conveyor 3 and back support.

Das Magazin 4 weist ein im wesentlichen aus zwei, mittels Distanzsäulen verbundene Platten 23 und einer Abdeckung bestehendes Gehäuse auf. In den Platten 23 sind Lager für Wellen 24 und Führungsnuten für die Förderkette 22 vorgesehen. Die Förderkette 22 besteht aus zwei endlosen Rollenketten, an welchen den Patronen 5 bzw. den Patronenhülsen 6 angepasste tassenförmige Halter befestigt sind. An den Distanzsäulen sind Führungen für die Patronen 5 bzw. tassenförmigen Halter angeordnet. Die Kettenglieder der Rollenketten sind mit Spiel aneinandergekoppelt, so dass sich der Abstand zwischen zwei Kettengliedern erweitern oder verkürzen kann, wobei eine Pufferwirkung erreicht wird und einige Patronen 5 gespeichert werden können.The magazine 4 has a housing consisting essentially of two plates 23 connected by means of spacer columns and a cover. Bearings for shafts 24 and guide grooves for the conveyor chain 22 are provided in the plates 23 . The conveyor chain 22 consists of two endless roller chains to which cup-shaped holders adapted to the cartridges 5 or the cartridge cases 6 are fastened. Guides for the cartridges 5 or cup-shaped holders are arranged on the spacer columns. The chain links of the roller chains are coupled to one another with play, so that the distance between two chain links can widen or shorten, a buffer effect being achieved and some cartridges 5 being able to be stored.

Die Förderkette 22 ist um die Wellen 24 geführt, von denen einige an der Aussenseite einer der Platten 23 über Ritzel angetrieben werden. Eine der Wellen 24 ist derart ausgebildet, dass sie von Aussen von Hand gedreht werden kann. Ein ebenfalls an der Ausseiseite einer der Platten 23 befestigter Servomotor 25 dient dem Antrieb der Förderkette 22. Das Gehäuse des Magazines 4 besitzt eine Tür mit einer Laderampe für das Laden von Patronen 5 und das Entladen von leeren Patronenhülsen 6.The conveyor chain 22 is guided around the shafts 24 , some of which are driven on the outside of one of the plates 23 via pinions. One of the shafts 24 is designed such that it can be turned by hand from the outside. A servo motor 25 , which is also attached to the outer side of one of the plates 23 , serves to drive the conveyor chain 22 . The housing of the magazine 4 has a door with a loading ramp for loading cartridges 5 and unloading empty cartridge cases 6 .

Die vorstehend beschriebene Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt:
Beim Laden (Fig. 4) wird die verstellbare Führung 12 mittels der Verschiebeeinrichtung 11 in die erste Stellung geschoben, in welcher sie sich mit der festen Führung 16 deckt. In dieser Stelllung werden die Patronen 5 über die Transferräder 10 und das Sternrad 9 vom unteren Trum 14.2 aus um die Achse 15 herum an einer Vorrichtung für das Einschieben der Patronen 5 in die Revolvertrommel 13 vorbei transportiert. Während des Ladevorganges ist der hintere Teil des Sternrades 9 von der Revolvertrommel 13 abgekoppelt und der Servomotor 25 treibt die Förderketten 14,22 an, bis die in die Oeffnung des Magazins 4 eingegebenen, von den tassenförmigen Haltern der Förderkette 22 erfassten Patronen 5 die maximal einzufüllende Anzahl erreicht haben.The device described above works as follows:
During loading (FIG. 4 ), the adjustable guide 12 is pushed into the first position by means of the displacement device 11, in which position it coincides with the fixed guide 16 . In this position, the cartridges 5 are transported via the transfer wheels 10 and the star wheel 9 from the lower run 14.2 around the axis 15 past a device for inserting the cartridges 5 into the revolver drum 13 . During the loading process, the rear part of the star wheel 9 is uncoupled from the turret drum 13 and the servo motor 25 drives the conveyor chains 14 , 22 until the cartridges 5 entered into the opening of the magazine 4 and captured by the cup-shaped holders of the conveyor chain 22 have the maximum number to be filled Have reached number.

Beim Schiessen (Fig. 5) wird die verstellbare Führung 12 mittels der Verschiebeeinrichtung 11 in die zweite Stellung geschaltet, so dass die Patronen 5 vom unteren Trum 14.2 der Förderkette 14 aus unmittelbar vor die Revolvertrommel 13 transportiert werden und die Vorrichtung für das Einschieben der Patronen 5 wirksam wird. Da in dieser Phase die Revolvertrommel 13 -die Revolvertrommel 13 wird ja bekanntlich durch den zurück- und vorlaufenden Schieber angetrieben. Dieser Schieber treibt über eine integrierte Steuerkurve die Revolvertrommel 13 an und über integrierte Nocken verschiebt er die Patronen 5 axial in die Patronenlager der Revolvertrommel 13. Beim Schiessen wird der Schieber mit den Schussgasen über einen Gaskolben nach hinten beschleunigt, dabei werden zwei Federn vorgespannt, die den Schieber wieder nach vorne bringen. Da beim Laden der Kanone (3 Patronen) keine Schussgase vorhanden sind, wird der Schieberm dazu über einen speziellen Antriebskolben hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder pyrotechnisch angetrieben- mit dem hinteren Teil des Sternrades 9 und damit mit der Förderkette 14 gekoppelt ist, wird durch die Drehung der Revolvertrommel 13 jeweils die nächste Patrone 5 in Schiessstellung gebracht. Wegen der Pufferwirkung der Förderkette 22 des Magazins 4 muss die Revolvertrommel 13 hierbei nur wenige Patronen 5 ziehen. Während der gleichen Zeit wird der Servomotor 25 eingeschaltet um die Pufferwirkung der Förderkette 22 wieder herzustellen. Die nach dem Abschuss ausgeworfenen leeren Patronenhülsen 6 werden von der Fangvorrichtung aufgefangen, dem oberen Trum 14.1 der Förderkette 14 übergeben und entlang der festen Führung 16 zurück geführt.When firing (FIG. 5 ), the adjustable guide 12 is switched into the second position by means of the displacement device 11 , so that the cartridges 5 are transported from the lower run 14.2 of the conveyor chain 14 directly in front of the revolver drum 13 and the device for inserting the cartridges 5 takes effect. Since in this phase the turret drum 13 - the turret drum 13 is known to be driven by the back and forth slider. This slide drives the revolver drum 13 via an integrated control cam and, via integrated cams, it moves the cartridges 5 axially into the cartridge chamber of the revolver drum 13 . When shooting, the slide is accelerated backwards with the shot gases via a gas piston, whereby two springs are preloaded, which bring the slide forward again. Since there are no shot gases when loading the cannon (3 cartridges), the slider is hydraulically, pneumatically or pyrotechnically driven by a special drive piston - coupled to the rear part of the star wheel 9 and thus to the conveyor chain 14 , the rotation of the Revolver drum 13 each brought the next cartridge 5 into the firing position. Because of the buffering effect of the conveyor chain 22 of the magazine 4 , the revolver drum 13 only has to draw a few cartridges 5 . During the same time, the servo motor 25 is switched on in order to restore the buffering effect of the conveyor chain 22 . The empty cartridge cases 6 ejected after the shot are caught by the catching device, transferred to the upper run 14.1 of the conveyor chain 14 and guided back along the fixed guide 16 .

Der Arbeitsablauf der Vorrichtung wird von Sensoren überwacht und von einer zentralen Steuereinrichtung gesteuert. Hierbei liefern die Sensoren der Zuführungsvorrichtung 2 z.B. Information über die Position des Sternrads 9, die Position der verstellbaren Führung, Position der Kupplung 12 und das Vorhandensein einer Patrone 5 in einer Zuführposition an der Revolvertrommel 13. Die Sensoren des Magazins 4 liefern Informationen über den Servomotor 25 und über die Position der Ladetür sowie die korrekte Ladefurktion.The workflow of the device is monitored by sensors and controlled by a central control device. Here, the sensors of the feed device 2 provide, for example, information about the position of the star wheel 9 , the position of the adjustable guide, position of the clutch 12 and the presence of a cartridge 5 in a feed position on the revolver drum 13 . The sensors of the magazine 4 provide information about the servo motor 25 and the position of the loading door as well as the correct loading function.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zur Munitionszuführung bei Revolverkanonen, wobei mit einer Förderkette (14) transportierte Patronen (5) einem koaxial zu einer Revolvertrommel (13) angeordneten Sternrad (9) übergeben werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Patronen (5) während einer Ladephase kurz vor Erreichen der Revolverkanone (1) in eine erste, von der Förderrichtung der Förderkette (14) abweichende Bahn gelenkt werden und in grösserem Abstand von der Revolvertrommel (13) um deren Achse (15) geführt und weiter transportiert werden, die Patronen (5) während einer Schiessphase kurz vor Erreichen der Revolverkanone (1) in eine zweite, von der Förderrichtung der Förderkette (14) abweichende Bahn gelenkt, um die Achse (15) der Revolvertrommel (13) geführt und unmittelbar hinter dieser nacheinander in eine Schiessstellung gebracht werden, und die leeren Patronenhülsen (6) nach dem Schiessen und Auswerfen aufgefangen und auf der ersten Bahn in ein Magazin (4) transportiert werden. Method for supplying ammunition to revolver cannons, cartridges ( 5 ) transported by a conveyor chain ( 14 ) being transferred to a star wheel ( 9 ) arranged coaxially to a revolver drum ( 13 ),
characterized in that the cartridges ( 5 ) are directed into a first path deviating from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain ( 14 ) during a loading phase shortly before reaching the turret gun ( 1 ) and are guided at a greater distance from the turret drum ( 13 ) about its axis ( 15 ) and be transported further, the cartridges ( 5 ) are steered into a second path deviating from the conveying direction of the conveyor chain ( 14 ) during a shooting phase shortly before reaching the revolver cannon ( 1 ), guided around the axis ( 15 ) of the revolver drum ( 13 ) and in succession immediately behind it a firing position is brought, and the empty cartridge cases ( 6 ) after shooting and ejection are collected and transported on the first track into a magazine ( 4 ). Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, mit einem zwischen der Revolverkanone (1) und einem Magazin (4) angeordneten Förderer (3), der eine Förderkette (14) aufweist, und mit einem koaxial mit der Revolvertrommel (13) verlaufenden vorderen/hinteren Teil des Sternrad (9), und mit Transferrädern (10) für die Uebergabe der Patronen (5) von der Förderkette (14) an das Sternrad (9),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
für die Bestimmung der ersten Bahn eine im Bereich des oberen Trums (14.1) der Förderkette (14) angeordnete feste Führung (16) vorgesehen ist, dass für die Bestimmung der zweiten Bahn eine im Bereich des unteren Trums (14.2) der Förderkette (14) angeordnete verstellbare Führung (12) vorgesehen ist, dass eine Verschiebeeinrichtung (11) vorgesehen ist, welche die verstellbare Führung (12) in der Ladephase in eine erste Stellung und in der Schiessphase in eine zweite Stellung schiebt, wobei die Patronen (5) in der Ladephase von der verstellbaren und festen Führung (12,16) und in der Schiessphase von der verschiebbaren Führung (12) geführt werden, dass eine Fangvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche in der Schiessphase die leeren Patronenhülsen (6) der Förderkette (14) übergibt, wobei sie entlang der festen Führung (16) geführt werden, und dass eine Kupplung (8) vorgesehen ist, mittels welcher den hinteren Teil des Sternrades (9) während der Ladephase von der Revolvertrommel (13) abgekoppelt und während der Schiess-phase an diese angekoppelt werden kann. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 , with a conveyor ( 3 ) arranged between the turret gun ( 1 ) and a magazine ( 4 ), which has a conveyor chain ( 14 ), and with a front / coaxial with the turret drum ( 13 ) rear part of the star wheel ( 9 ), and with transfer wheels ( 10 ) for the transfer of the cartridges ( 5 ) from the conveyor chain ( 14 ) to the star wheel ( 9 ),
characterized in that
A fixed guide ( 16 ) arranged in the region of the upper run ( 14.1 ) of the conveyor chain ( 14 ) is provided for determining the first path, that an adjustable guide ( 12 ) arranged in the region of the lower run ( 14.2 ) of the conveyor chain ( 14 ) is provided for determining the second path, that a displacement device ( 11 ) is provided which moves the adjustable guide ( 12 ) into a first position in the loading phase and into a position during the shooting phase second position pushes the cartridges (5) are guided in the charging phase of the adjustable and the fixed guide (12, 16) and in the firing phase of the sliding guide (12), that a catching device is provided which transfers the empty cartridge cases ( 6 ) of the conveyor chain ( 14 ) during the shooting phase, whereby they pass along the fixed Leadership ( 16 ) are performed, and that a clutch ( 8 ) is provided, by means of which the rear part of the star wheel ( 9 ) can be uncoupled from the revolver drum ( 13 ) during the loading phase and can be coupled to the latter during the shooting phase. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
ein Gehäuse (17) des Förderers (3) zwei Seitenwände (17.1,17.2) aufweist, die vom Magazin (4) ausgehend spitzwinklig zur Förderrichtung der Förderkette (14) auseinanderlaufend angeordnet sind und ihren grössten Abstand voneinander an der Revolverkanone (1) erreichen, dass die feste Führung (16) paralell zu der einen Seitenwand (17.1) verlaufend angeordnet ist, und dass die verstellbare Führung (12) in der ersten Stellung parallel zu der einen Seitenwand (17.1) und in der zweiten Stellung parallel zu der anderen Seitenwand (17.2) verlaufend angeordnet ist. Device according to claim 2 ,
characterized in that
a housing ( 17 ) of the conveyor ( 3 ) has two side walls ( 17.1 , 17.2 ) which, starting from the magazine ( 4 ), are at an acute angle to the conveying direction of the conveyor chain ( 14 ) are arranged diverging and reach their greatest distance from each other on the turret gun ( 1 ), that the fixed guide ( 16 ) is arranged parallel to the one side wall ( 17.1 ), and that the adjustable guide ( 12 ) in the first position parallel to one side wall ( 17.1 ) and in the second position parallel to the other side wall ( 17.2 ) is arranged running. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine Förderkette (22) des Magazins (4) aus zwei endlosen Rollenketten besteht, deren Kettenglieder mit Spiel aneinander gekoppelt sind, so dass sich der Abstand zwischen zwei Kettengliedern erweitern oder verkürzen kann, wobei eine Pufferwirkung erzielt wird und einige Patronen (5) gespeichert werden können.Device according to claim 2 ,
characterized in that
a conveyor chain ( 22 ) of the magazine ( 4 ) consists of two endless roller chains, the chain links of which are coupled to one another with play, so that the distance between two chain links can be widened or shortened, a buffer effect being achieved and some cartridges ( 5 ) being stored can.
EP99103102A 1998-08-24 1999-02-17 Method and device for feeding ammunition to revolving-cannon guns Expired - Lifetime EP0982556B1 (en)

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CH173198 1998-08-24
CH173198 1998-08-24

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US7918153B1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2011-04-05 Contract Fabrication and Design, LLC Ammunition magazine box with adjustable tilted interior bracket structure
IT1399814B1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2013-05-03 Oto Melara Spa METHOD AND SYSTEM OF LOADING AND DOWNLOADING BULLETS IN A MAGAZINE FOR FIREARMS.
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US10955207B1 (en) * 2019-12-12 2021-03-23 Nicholas Puleo Flat loop revolving firearm assembly
RU2761990C1 (en) * 2021-06-21 2021-12-14 АКЦИОНЕРНОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО "АКЦИОНЕРНАЯ КОМПАНИЯ "ТУЛАМАШЗАВОД" (АО "АК "Туламашзавод") Double-barreled automatic cannon of the gas-operated type

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DE59903630D1 (en) 2003-01-16
US6345562B1 (en) 2002-02-12
ES2189293T3 (en) 2003-07-01
EP0982556B1 (en) 2002-12-04

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