EP0979697A1 - Verfahren und System zur Herstellung eines Gussteils, versehen mit einem Insert - Google Patents
Verfahren und System zur Herstellung eines Gussteils, versehen mit einem Insert Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0979697A1 EP0979697A1 EP98830495A EP98830495A EP0979697A1 EP 0979697 A1 EP0979697 A1 EP 0979697A1 EP 98830495 A EP98830495 A EP 98830495A EP 98830495 A EP98830495 A EP 98830495A EP 0979697 A1 EP0979697 A1 EP 0979697A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- cavity
- insert
- heating means
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D47/00—Casting plants
Definitions
- the present invention addresses in general the problem of the manufacture of castings with inserts.
- a classic example of application of this technique is the manufacture of mechanical components such as internal-combustion-engine blocks and heads.
- the part as a whole that is, the block or the head
- the elements which are subjected to greater stress are made of a different material (cast iron, steel, ceramic materials, etc.).
- a known solution provides for fine machining of the block so as to transform the cavities of the cylinders formed by casting into seats in which the cylinder liners can be fitted only after cooling to extremely low temperature (achieved by immersion in liquid nitrogen) with consequent contraction of the liners in a diametral direction.
- the subsequent return of the block/liner assembly to ambient temperature and, in particular, to working temperatures causes the liners to expand again so as to achieve a condition of firm restraint inside the block.
- This method is quite complex to implement, particularly with regard to the criticality of the respective parameters.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a solution which can combine the required excellent final result with an ability to implement a quick and efficient industrial process.
- the system 1 may be used, for example, for the manufacture of internal-combustion-engine blocks made of light alloy in which the inserts are constituted by the cylinder liners which are made of a metallic material, for example, cast iron, having greater resistance to mechanical and thermal stress.
- the embodiment illustrated relates to the production of internal-combustion-engine blocks comprising six cylinders in a V-arrangement.
- the heart of the system 1 is constituted by a casting station 2 towards which a line for the loading and advance of the casting cores converges from one side and a casting robot 4 converges from the other side, the casting robot 4 taking the hot casting material (for example fused light alloy) from a furnace 5 and then advances towards the casting station 2 where the material is poured into the casting dies (moulds).
- a casting station 2 towards which a line for the loading and advance of the casting cores converges from one side and a casting robot 4 converges from the other side
- the casting robot 4 taking the hot casting material (for example fused light alloy) from a furnace 5 and then advances towards the casting station 2 where the material is poured into the casting dies (moulds).
- the hot casting material for example fused light alloy
- a robot, generally indicated 8 usually has a flag-like or lantern-like structure (in this connection, see in particular the view of Figure 2) and acts as an output robot.
- the gripping structure 9 of the robot 8 can be brought (see in particular Figure 2) to the vicinity of the casting station 2 in order to pick up the castings formed therein, to lift them, and to transfer them, by rotating about its own principal vertical axis X8, to an output station 9a.
- the solution according to the invention provides for the presence of a further robot 10 in a position approximately symmetrical to that of the robot 8 with respect to the axis defined by the core loading axis and by the axis of the station 2 (the so-called bench-mould axis).
- the robot 10 has a structure substantially similar to that of the robot 8 described above.
- This robot thus also has a generally flag-like or lantern-like structure with a vertical pillar which can rotate about a respective vertical axis X10 and an arm carrying at its end a structure 11 which can pick up the inserts, that is, in the specific case, the liners, in order then to position them inside the casting moulds.
- the lifting structure 11 is intended to pick up the liners from a pre-heating unit 12, the characteristics of which can be seen in greater detail in the view of Figure 2.
- the elements which provide for the pre-heating and for the handling of the liners therefore have a corresponding inclination.
- this inclination of the pre- heating and lifting elements would in fact be unnecessary.
- these elements may have any orientations and relative positions, in dependence on specific production requirements.
- the gripping structure 11 comprises a number of gripping units 13 equal to the number of liners to be positioned inside each casting (six in the embodiment shown).
- Each gripping unit 13 is constituted in general by an element movable on an inclined guide 14 fixed to a framework 15 carried by the arm of the robot 10.
- each gripping element 13 has, at its lower end, a head 16 which can enter a liner to be picked up in order to perform therein, for example, a radial expansion or opening-out movement brought about by drive means of known type not specifically shown in the drawings and possibly subservient to the general movement of the unit 13 on the guide 14.
- Each unit 13 can thus exert a gripping action on a liner and, by returning upwards along the respective guide 14, can support the liner on the gripping structure 11 of the robot 10.
- the pre-heating unit 12 has a configuration generally complementary to that of the gripping structure 11.
- the unit 12 is usually constituted by a block 17 of thermally conductive material such as metal disposed on a solid bench 18 and having corresponding cavities 19 forming seats in which the liners C to be (pre)-heated are disposed.
- the insertion of the liners C in the unit 12 may be performed manually by a person employed for this purpose.
- an automatic loading operation may also be performed, for example, by a unit similar to the gripping unit 11.
- the cavities 19 usually have a generally cylindrical shape which enables heating elements (typically electrical resistors) to be placed both outside and inside each cavity 19.
- heating elements typically electrical resistors
- the reference numerals 20 indicate resistors - of known type - disposed in the block 17 of the unit 12 so as to extend in the vicinity of the outer surface of each cavity 19, and hence in the vicinity of the wall of the liner C inserted in the cavity.
- the reference numeral 21 indicates further heating elements, usually also constituted by electrical resistors, which extend inside the cavity 19 so that they can be disposed inside the cavities of the liners C subjected to pre-heating.
- the operating sequence of the system shown in Figure 1 corresponds substantially to the normal operating sequence provided for in a plant of this type, with the difference that the robot 10 inserts the liners C in the die or mould provided for the casting after picking them up from the pre-heating unit 12. This is done in a manner such that, when the casting robot 4 pours casting material into the mould, the liners C are at a high temperature, considerably higher than ambient temperature.
- the solution according to the invention enables the temperature of the inserts to be regulated particularly precisely on account of the fact that a limited reduction in the temperature of the inserts is generally observed from the moment at which they are extracted from the pre-heating unit 12 to the moment at which the casting is performed, after they have been positioned in the mould.
- the pre-heating unit 12 usually has a geometry correlated with the geometry of the gripping structure 11 which in turn is linked with the geometry of the arrangement of the liners in the casting mould.
- the gripping unit 11 has a generally V-shaped configuration with two rows of three gripping elements 13 defining an imaginary dihedron - with a given dihedral angle and a downwardly-facing edge - precisely reproducing the aforementioned V-shaped configuration.
- the pre-heating unit 12 has a complementary shape since the cavities 19, of which there are also six, are arranged in two rows also defining an imaginary dihedron oriented in an inverted position relative to the structure 11 (that is, with the same dihedral angle but with the edge facing upwards).
- the robot 10 brings the gripping structure 11 to the vicinity of the pre-heating unit 12.
- the elements 13 of one of the two rows are then moved downwards along the respective guides 14 into one of the rows of cavities 19 (for example, the gripping elements 13 situated on the left in Figure 2 move down into the cavities 19 situated on the right in the same drawing), so as to extract from the unit 12 three liners C which are picked up by the structure 11.
- the same operation is repeated with the other row of gripping elements 13 (for example, those on the right) which move down into a corresponding row of cavities 19 (the left-hand row of Figure 2) in order to pick up the other three liners housed in these cavities and return them upwards on the structure 11.
- the robot 10 rotates about its vertical axis X10 so as to bring the structure 11 above the casting station 2 where the two rows of liners are placed inside the casting mould by an operation substantially complementary to that described above.
- cores and/or complementary elements are provided in the mould for receiving the liners C, keeping them positioned precisely in the desired final positions of incorporation in the casting (in this case, the block).
- the period of time which elapses between the picking-up of the liners C from the unit 12 and the moment of casting is typically of the order of about 25 seconds.
- the corresponding reduction in the temperature of the liners C is typically of the order of about 50°; in this connection, it may be noted that the foundry environment is itself a fairly hot environment so that, particularly after positioning in the vicinity of and in the mould, the cooling of the liners C is in fact negligible.
- the desired result can consequently easily be achieved by setting the pre- heating temperature at a level higher than the final desired temperature level to an extent exactly equal to the amount of cooling considered above.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98830495A EP0979697A1 (de) | 1998-08-11 | 1998-08-11 | Verfahren und System zur Herstellung eines Gussteils, versehen mit einem Insert |
| MX9907388A MXPA99007388A (es) | 1998-08-11 | 1999-08-10 | Un metodo y un sistema para la fabricacion de piezas coladas con piezas insertas. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98830495A EP0979697A1 (de) | 1998-08-11 | 1998-08-11 | Verfahren und System zur Herstellung eines Gussteils, versehen mit einem Insert |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0979697A1 true EP0979697A1 (de) | 2000-02-16 |
Family
ID=8236755
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98830495A Withdrawn EP0979697A1 (de) | 1998-08-11 | 1998-08-11 | Verfahren und System zur Herstellung eines Gussteils, versehen mit einem Insert |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0979697A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MXPA99007388A (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10012787A1 (de) * | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leichtmetallgussteilen mit eingegossenen Buchsen und Buchse zum Eingiessen |
| ES2184582A1 (es) * | 2000-11-24 | 2003-04-01 | Caspro Sa | Sistema para obtener por fundicion piezas de griferia y similares |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62197266A (ja) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-08-31 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 繊維強化金属体の鋳造方法および鋳型 |
| US4738298A (en) * | 1985-07-04 | 1988-04-19 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for casting cylinder block blanks made of light alloy |
| JPH02220754A (ja) * | 1989-02-20 | 1990-09-03 | Suzuki Motor Co Ltd | 複合材の高圧鋳造装置 |
| JPH03155450A (ja) * | 1989-11-09 | 1991-07-03 | Tokai Carbon Co Ltd | 複合摺動部材の製造方法 |
| JPH03268855A (ja) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-11-29 | Toyota Motor Corp | 金属基複合材料部材の製造方法 |
| JPH0557420A (ja) * | 1991-09-02 | 1993-03-09 | Ikegai Corp | スクリユの製造方法及び該方法により製造されるスクリユ |
-
1998
- 1998-08-11 EP EP98830495A patent/EP0979697A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-08-10 MX MX9907388A patent/MXPA99007388A/es unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4738298A (en) * | 1985-07-04 | 1988-04-19 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for casting cylinder block blanks made of light alloy |
| JPS62197266A (ja) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-08-31 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 繊維強化金属体の鋳造方法および鋳型 |
| JPH02220754A (ja) * | 1989-02-20 | 1990-09-03 | Suzuki Motor Co Ltd | 複合材の高圧鋳造装置 |
| JPH03155450A (ja) * | 1989-11-09 | 1991-07-03 | Tokai Carbon Co Ltd | 複合摺動部材の製造方法 |
| JPH03268855A (ja) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-11-29 | Toyota Motor Corp | 金属基複合材料部材の製造方法 |
| JPH0557420A (ja) * | 1991-09-02 | 1993-03-09 | Ikegai Corp | スクリユの製造方法及び該方法により製造されるスクリユ |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 045 (M - 667) 10 February 1988 (1988-02-10) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 523 (M - 1049) 16 November 1990 (1990-11-16) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 381 (M - 1162) 26 September 1991 (1991-09-26) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 083 (M - 1216) 28 February 1992 (1992-02-28) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 365 (M - 1442) 9 July 1993 (1993-07-09) * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10012787A1 (de) * | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leichtmetallgussteilen mit eingegossenen Buchsen und Buchse zum Eingiessen |
| DE10012787B4 (de) * | 2000-03-16 | 2008-04-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Leichtmetallgussteilen mit eingegossenen Buchsen |
| ES2184582A1 (es) * | 2000-11-24 | 2003-04-01 | Caspro Sa | Sistema para obtener por fundicion piezas de griferia y similares |
| ES2184582B1 (es) * | 2000-11-24 | 2004-08-16 | Caspro, S.A. | Sistema para obtener por fundicion piezas de griferia y similares. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MXPA99007388A (es) | 2005-01-10 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
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| AKX | Designation fees paid |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20020610 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20021022 |