EP0977228B1 - Elektromechanischer Schlüsselsicherheitsschalter mit elektromagnetischer Sperrvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektromechanischer Schlüsselsicherheitsschalter mit elektromagnetischer Sperrvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0977228B1
EP0977228B1 EP19990202446 EP99202446A EP0977228B1 EP 0977228 B1 EP0977228 B1 EP 0977228B1 EP 19990202446 EP19990202446 EP 19990202446 EP 99202446 A EP99202446 A EP 99202446A EP 0977228 B1 EP0977228 B1 EP 0977228B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
key
shank
electromagnet
extremity
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19990202446
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0977228A3 (de
EP0977228A2 (de
Inventor
Bernardo Pizzato
Marco Pizzato
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Pizzato Elettrica SRL
Original Assignee
Pizzato Elettrica SRL
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Application filed by Pizzato Elettrica SRL filed Critical Pizzato Elettrica SRL
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Publication of EP0977228A3 publication Critical patent/EP0977228A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
    • H01H27/002—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards
    • H01H27/007—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards the switch being lockable by remote control, e.g. by electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
    • H01H27/002—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards
    • H01H2027/005—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards the key receiving part having multiple openings to allow keys from different directions to operate the switch

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a key-controlled electromechanical safety switch with an electromagnetic controlled blocking device, comprising all the features of the preamble of the main claim.
  • the electromagnetic safety switches of the above mentioned type are usually used on doors of cabinets or on protective barriers of machines and plants with dangerous moving parts, like saws or blades, where access time to the area interested by these parts is shorter than the stopping time of the machine or plant.
  • Such state-of-the-art switches have inside, additionally to common commutation devices, at least one electromagnet for preventing extraction of the key for a predefined time.
  • the safety switches of the first generation are provided with cases of large dimensions, containing inside a key-controlled safety switch for checking the closing of the door by means of first electric contacts.
  • a blocking electromagnet that holds the key with protrusions of various shapes.
  • second electric contacts located generally under the electromagnet, to verify if the magnet retains the key and which are connected in series with the first contacts to allow starting of the machine only if the door is closed or blocked by the electromagnet.
  • a disadvantage of this type of switch is that it doesn't provide auxiliary contacts for monitoring the insertion / extraction status of the key, and thus the open/close status of the machine door.
  • both the known switches of the second and third generations have the disadvantage of an elongated form which make [difficult] their use on doors of small dimensions rather difficult.
  • the switches of the third generation are characterised by a hollow armature and therefore have a lower efficiency due to the lower magnetic susceptance.
  • some well-known switches of the latest generation for example disclosed by the patent application DE-A-3710079 (Schunk) are provided with an electronic board which reduces current supply to the electromagnet, by applying a strong starting intensity for a time interval necessary for the change of status of the switch (about 1 second) and successively maintaining a reduced and/or pulsating current intensity sufficient for maintaining the electromagnet in its end position.
  • a drawback of this latest generation of switches is their low flexibility of use, due to the fact that they cannot be fed with both direct or alternating current and they have a reduced tolerance of the feeding tension, which involves the construction of different models for different feeding tensions.
  • WO-A-95/18457 describes a key-controlled safety switch, particularly for a machine or a plant, having all the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1. More particularly, the switch comprises a cam having a pair of radial pockets adapted to interact with a safety key and, in the half of the cam opposite the pockets, a deep recess and a shallow recess interacting with the shank to make it slide upon rotation of the cam.
  • the cam rotates and its contact portion with the shank moves from the deep recess to the shallow recess so that the shank slides moving the electrical contacts.
  • the switch further has a pair of locking levers engaging with the projections of the shank to lock it when the electromagnet is not excited. Upon excitation of the electromagnet, the locking levers are disengaged from the shank to unlock it and permit removal of the key.
  • a drawback of this known switch consists in its complexity, due to the complicated mechanism connecting the electromagnet with the locking levers. This complexity may get the switch expensive and unreliable.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages by providing a compact key-controlled safety electromechanical switch of small longitudinal dimensions with characteristics of high reliability and operative life, and with a high flexibility of use in a broad application field.
  • a particular object of the invention is to provide an electromechanical switch with an electromagnet able to work indifferently with a broad range of feeding tensions which are both direct and alternating.
  • a key-controlled safety electromechanical switch particularly for machines or plants, according to claim 1.
  • the electromagnet has reduced dimensions compared to known similar switches though maintaining the same power, consequently the switch according to the invention has a more compact shape and reduced overall dimensions.
  • a safety electromechanical switch generally designated by the reference numeral 1, which includes a case 2 of substantially elongated shape with a longitudinal axis A, made of a main portion 2' to which a head 2" is coupled, possibly removable and orientable in angularly staggered positions of about 90° to adapt it to the different conditions of use and mounting.
  • a first pair of electric contacts 3, 3' is located in a protection box C and a second pair of contacts 4, 4' that can be selectively connected by lamellae or a similar element to commute the status of the switch.
  • a mobile element or slider 5 placed within the box C and sliding in a parallel direction to the longitudinal axis to connect and disconnect the contacts 3, 3', 4, 4'.
  • the slider 5 is connected to actuation means, globally indicated by the reference numeral 6 which will be described in greater detail hereafter.
  • An outside key 7 acting on the slider 5 is anchored to the door of the machine or plant and is insertable in the head 2 " through one or more reciprocally perpendicular slots 8, 8'. Possibly, the head 2 " can be selectively pivoted around the longitudinal axis A in angularly staggered positions to arrange the slots 8, 8' in the desired positions and according to installation needs.
  • the actuation means 6 essentially comprise a cam 9 pivotally mounted about a substantially transversal axis T and interacting with a shank 10, mobile in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A.
  • the cam 9 is in front of the slot 8, 8' and is rotatively moved by means of key 7 during its insertion in one of the above-mentioned slots.
  • the rotative motion of cam 9 is transformed in a longitudinal motion of the shank 10 which, in turn, acts on the slider 5 to promote the opening/closing of the electric contacts.
  • the switch 1 is provided with at least a blocking electromagnet 11 with a winding 12 and a full core 13, in which the winding 12 is connected to sensor and/or external timer means not shown in the figures.
  • sensor and/or timer means detect the stopping of moving parts of the machine or plants, potentially dangerous for operators, and to send to the winding of the electromagnet an exciting electric signal.
  • the switch is provided with a unique electromagnet 11 supported and interacting with the shank 5 imparting to the latter sliding movements parallel to the longitudinal axis A, so as to selectively couple the electric contacts 3, 3', 4, 4' exclusively in safety conditions of the machine.
  • Engaging means are provided which are adapted to couple the core 13 with the shank 10 to impart to the latter a first translation S1 in a longitudinal direction for the opening/closing of the first pair of electric contacts 3, 3'.
  • Such engaging means 14 can be made of a first extension 15 extending from a lower extremity of the shank 10, laterally to the longitudinal axis A.
  • Extension 15 is shaped like a fork or similar and is adapted to hook a tang or hooking extremity 16, having an expanded head, of core 13 with a clearance H in a parallel direction to the axis A so as to impart a first translation S1 to the shank in a parallel direction to the longitudinal axis A for the opening /closing of the first pair of contacts 3, 3'.
  • extension 15 On the other side, with respect to axis A, of extension 15 there is provided a second extension 17 in contact with the free extremity 5' of slider 5. Between the body 14 and the group of contacts there is interposed a compression spring 18 which maintains the shank 10 normally in its raised position.
  • the core 13 of electromagnet 11 is full, distinct and separate from shank 10.
  • the actuation cam 9 has at least one blocking shoulder adapted to prevent extraction of the key.
  • the cam 9 has a peripheral profile 19 with a first peripheral cavity 20 for the insertion extremity 21 of key 7 and an second cavity 22 with a stop shoulder 23 for the free extremity 10' of the shank 10, to prevent extraction of the key 7 when the free extremity 10' of the shank 10 is located in the second cavity 22.
  • the cam profile 19 has moreover a third similar cavity 24, staggered of about 90° with respect to the second one 22 and with a stop shoulder 25 interacting with the free extremity 10' of the shank 10 to prevent extraction of the key 7 when it is inserted through the other slot 8'. So, it will be possible to install the switch in different positions, indifferently on machines with right or left doors, thus remarkably broadening the application field of the switch.
  • the profile 19 has a radial protrusion 26 interacting with the shank extremity 10' for imparting a second translation S2 of predefined amplitude to the latter and then to the slider 5 to produce opening /closing of the second pair of contacts 4, 4'.
  • the magnet 11 In the first operative phase, shown in Fig. 3, the magnet 11 is excited and moves the shank 10 toward the lower side with a first travel amplitude S1 and pushing in turn slider 5 toward the lower side, so as to open the first pair of contacts 3, 3'. At this stage, the shank extremity 10' doesn't interfere anymore with the cam stop shoulder 23 and the cam can freely turn under the effect of the extraction of key 7.
  • the electromagnet is fed by electronic regulation means adapted to regulate the electric supply to optimise working conditions avoiding overheating and/or burning.
  • such electronic regulation means can include a first rectifier stage 27 allowing supply of the switch indifferently with alternating or direct current.
  • Such means include additionally a second voltage regulator stage 28 that levels the tension on substantially constant predefined values.
  • a third current shutter stage 29 adapted to supply the electromagnet with a starting current sufficient to impart the first displacement S1 to the shank 10 and, subsequently, a substantially constant maintaining current, of lower intensity than the former one, but sufficient to keep the shank 10 in the reached position for the requested time without any risk of overheating or burning.
  • the electromagnet can have much lower dimensions, compared to those of similar known switches. Consequently the switch according the invention is more compact and has rather low production costs.
  • FIGs 5 to 9 show schematically some alternative embodiments of the switch according to the invention different from those shown in figures 1 to 4 substantially for the number of electromagnets and/or for their arrangement in relation to the shank.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter, insbesondere für Maschinen oder Anlagen, mit einem Gehäuse (2), das ein Paar elektrischer Kontakte (3, 3'; 4, 4') enthält, einen Schaft (10), der gleitend ist entlang einer longitudinalen Achse (A) und ausgebildet ist zur Förderung des Öffnens/Schließens der Kontakte (3, 3'; 4, 4'), Nockenbetätigungseinrichtungen (6), die in einem Kopf (2") des Gehäuses (2) angeordnet sind und mit dem Schaft (10) zusammen wirken, mindestens einem Schlitz (8, 8') auf dem Kopf (2") dieses Gehäuses (2) zur Eingabe eines Steuerschlüssels (7), der ausgebildet ist mit den Betätigungseinrichtungen (6) zusammen zu wirken, um das Gleiten des Schafts (10) zu steuern, mindestens einem Sperrmagneten (11), der auf den Schaft (10) wirkt und ausgebildet ist um dessen Betätigung in Sicherheitszuständen der Maschine oder der Anlage zu ermöglichen, wobei dieser mindestens eine Sperrmagnet (11) einen völlig eigenen und von dem Schaft (10) getrennten Kern (13) aufweist, und die Nockenbetätigungseinrichtungen (6) einen Nocken (9) umfassen mit mindestens einer ersten Ausnehmung (20) am Umfang, die ausgebildet ist, um mit dem Schlüssel (7) zusammen zu wirken und mindestens einer zweiten Ausnehmung (22, 24) am Umfang, die ausgebildet ist, um mit dem Schaft (10) zusammen zu wirken, wobei die mindestens eine zweite Ausnehmung (22, 24) am Umfang einen Anschlag (23, 25) aufweist, der ausgebildet ist, um in ein freies Ende (10') dieses Schafts einzugreifen, um so die Drehung des Nockens (9) und anschließendes Herausziehen des Schlüssels (7) zu verhindern, wenn der Elektromagnet (11) nicht angeregt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern (13) des Elektromagneten (11) Eingriffseinrichtungen (14) aufweist, die ausgebildet sind, um mit dem Schaft (10) direkt zusammen zu wirken, um dem Schaft eine erste Bewegung (S1) in eine Richtung entlang dessen longitudinaler Achse aufzuprägen zum Öffnen/Schließen eines ersten Paars von Kontakten (3, 3').
  2. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nocken (9) einen radialen Vorsprung (26) aufweist, der mit einem Ende (10') des Schafts (10) zusammenwirkt, um dem Schaft eine zweite Bewegung (S2) in die selbe Richtung zum Öffnen/Schließen eines zweiten Paars der Kontakte (4, 4') aufzuprägen.
  3. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eingriffseinrichtungen (14) eine seitliche Erstreckung (15) aufweisen, die an einem Ende des Schafts (10) vorgesehen und mit einem freien Ende des Kerns (13) verbunden ist.
  4. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindung zwischen der Erstreckung (15) und dem Ende des Kerns (13) eine längliche Lücke (H) aufweist mit einer vorbestimmten Größe, die mindestens gleich der zweiten Längsbewegung (S2) ist.
  5. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Umfangsprofil (19) des Nockens (9) mindestens eine erste Ausnehmung (20) am Umfang aufweist zum Einfügen des Endes (21) des Schlüssels (7) und mindestens eine zweite Ausnehmung (22, 24), die den Anschlag (23, 25) für das Ende (10') des Kontakts des Schafts (10) bildet, das ausgebildet ist, um das Herausziehen des Schlüssels (7) zu verhindern, wenn das Ende (10') des Kontakts in der zweiten Ausnehmung (22) angeordnet ist.
  6. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache des Vorsehens eines Gleiters (5), der funktionell verbunden ist mit dem Schaft (10) und mit einem ersten (3, 3') und einem zweiten Paar (4, 4') von Kontakten zusammenwirkt, um deren wahlweise Verbindung zu fördern entsprechend der ersten (S1) und der zweiten Bewegung (S2).
  7. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schaft (10) eine zweite seitliche Erstreckung (17) gegenüber der ersten (15) aufweist, die gegenüber und zusammenwirkend ist mit einem freien Ende (5') des Gleiters (5) um dessen Bewegung parallel zu der Längsachse (A) zu fördern.
  8. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache des Vorsehens von empfindlichen elektronischen Regeleinrichtungen, die mit dem Elektromagneten (10) verbunden sind und ausgebildet sind, um automatisch die Zufuhrspannung und/oder Strom des Elektromagneten (11) anzupassen.
  9. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die empfindlichen elektronischen Regeleinrichtungen eine erste Strom-Gleichrichterstufe (27) und eine dritte Strom-Verschlussstufe (29) umfassen.
  10. Tastgesteuerter, elektromechanischer Sicherheitsschalter gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die empfindlichen elektronischen Regeleinrichtungen eine zweite Strom-Regelstufe (28) umfassen, um die Spannung und/oder den Zufuhrstrom des Elektromagneten (11) im wesentlichen unverändert zu halten unabhängig von der am Schalter anliegenden Eingangsspannung.
EP19990202446 1998-07-27 1999-07-26 Elektromechanischer Schlüsselsicherheitsschalter mit elektromagnetischer Sperrvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0977228B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVI980141 ITVI980141A1 (it) 1998-07-27 1998-07-27 Interruttore elettromeccanico di sicurezza a chiave con dispositivo di bloccaggio ad azionamento elettromagnetico.
ITVI980141 1998-07-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0977228A2 EP0977228A2 (de) 2000-02-02
EP0977228A3 EP0977228A3 (de) 2000-09-20
EP0977228B1 true EP0977228B1 (de) 2005-03-23

Family

ID=11426768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19990202446 Expired - Lifetime EP0977228B1 (de) 1998-07-27 1999-07-26 Elektromechanischer Schlüsselsicherheitsschalter mit elektromagnetischer Sperrvorrichtung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0977228B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69924327T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2239828T3 (de)
IT (1) ITVI980141A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101351860B (zh) * 2005-11-01 2012-01-11 霍尼韦尔国际公司 用于安全开关的锁定机构

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVI20040084A1 (it) * 2004-04-09 2004-07-09 Pizzato Elettrica Srl Interruttore di sicurezza, particolarmente per barriere di protezione
JP4396478B2 (ja) 2004-10-21 2010-01-13 オムロン株式会社 キースイッチ
EP1876623B1 (de) 2006-07-03 2013-03-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sicherheit Positionsschalter
GB2496831A (en) * 2011-04-01 2013-05-29 Idem Safety Switches Ltd Anti-tamper safety switch with guard locking
IT201600096401A1 (it) * 2016-09-26 2018-03-26 Pizzato Elettrica Srl Interruttore di sicurezza con rilevamento della corsa del meccanismo di sblocco
DE202020100575U1 (de) * 2020-02-03 2021-05-05 Steute Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Sicherheitszuhaltung

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9326394D0 (en) * 1993-12-24 1994-02-23 Eja Eng Plc Safety switch assemblies

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101351860B (zh) * 2005-11-01 2012-01-11 霍尼韦尔国际公司 用于安全开关的锁定机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0977228A3 (de) 2000-09-20
DE69924327D1 (de) 2005-04-28
DE69924327T2 (de) 2006-03-16
ITVI980141A1 (it) 2000-01-27
EP0977228A2 (de) 2000-02-02
ES2239828T3 (es) 2005-10-01

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