EP0973542A1 - Pesticide biologique - Google Patents

Pesticide biologique

Info

Publication number
EP0973542A1
EP0973542A1 EP98905978A EP98905978A EP0973542A1 EP 0973542 A1 EP0973542 A1 EP 0973542A1 EP 98905978 A EP98905978 A EP 98905978A EP 98905978 A EP98905978 A EP 98905978A EP 0973542 A1 EP0973542 A1 EP 0973542A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
aluminum
mixtures
dry weight
pest
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP98905978A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0973542A4 (fr
Inventor
Stephen L. Tvedten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0973542A1 publication Critical patent/EP0973542A1/fr
Publication of EP0973542A4 publication Critical patent/EP0973542A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/43—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/46—Hydrolases (3)
    • A61K38/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
    • A61K38/482—Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/50—Isolated enzymes; Isolated proteins

Definitions

  • Pesticides are commonly used in a multitude of settings, from homes, schools, and offices to manufacturing plants, cargo containers, and agricultural contexts. Most pesticides are generally insect or arachnid nervous system toxicants, inhibiting or overpotentiating synapse-synapse and/or neuro-muscular junction transmission, many acting specifically as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
  • pesticides include: 1) chlorinated phenyl and cyclodiene compounds such as DDT, chlordane, heptachlor, and aldrin and dieldrin; 2) the carbamate esters carbaryl, carbofuran, aldicarb, and baygon; 3) organic thiophosphate esters such as diazinon, malathion, parathion, and dicapthon; and 4) the synthetic pyrethroids allethrin, permethrin, resmethrin, and fenvalerate.
  • chlorinated phenyl and cyclodiene compounds such as DDT, chlordane, heptachlor, and aldrin and dieldrin
  • carbamate esters carbaryl, carbofuran, aldicarb, and baygon such as diazinon, malathion, parathion, and dicapthon
  • organic thiophosphate esters such as diazinon, malathion, parathion, and dicapthon
  • pesticides present risks to human health. Although the rate of post-application degradation may vary widely, almost all pesticides present some direct risk to human health through residual toxicity, i.e. direct human contact with pesticide residues remaining after treatment, whether through inhalation of volatile toxic vapors, skin contact and transdermal absorption, or ingestion. In addition, many pesticides present indirect risks to human health in the form of environmental pollution, most notably pollution with persistent, halide-substituted organics which accumulate in the fat stores of food fish and other animals.
  • IPM integrated pest management
  • Integrated pest management utilizes a variety of ecological strategies by taking advantage of pest behaviors and natural enemies, such as parasites, predators, and/or diseases.
  • Examples of such strategies include the use of commercially available supplies of lady bugs to treat aphid infestations, the release of sterile males into populations of pests to decrease their genetic potential, the trapping or bait-poisoning of pests responding to a pheromone attractant, the application of juvenizing hormones to pests, and the release of spores of pest-pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus thuringiensi .
  • invertebrate i.e. insect and arachnid
  • microbe i.e. bacterial, algal, fungal, and/or viral
  • the application of a composition comprising at least one protease enzyme is a method for exterminating pests which achieves these objectives.
  • the enzyme component of the invention may comprise a single protease or a protease-containing mixture of enzymes, whether natural, preformed, or synthetic.
  • the composition may also comprise a detergent component.
  • This detergent component comprises one or more surfactant(s), detergent builder(s), or mixtures thereof.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention employs a composition comprising an enzyme component.
  • the enzyme component comprises at least one protease enzyme which may be a natural, preformed, or synthetic protease, alone or in combination with other enzymes.
  • the protease(s) used in the composition of a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be any of the peptidases, serine proteases, zinc proteases, thiol proteases, and/or acid proteases.
  • the protease(s) may be digestive protease(s) from an animal, plant, bacterium, or fungus.
  • Additional enzyme(s) may be any of hydrolases, oxidoreductases, transferases, lyases, ligases, and/or isomerases.
  • the additional enzyme(s) may comprise digestive enzyme(s) from an animal, plant, bacterium, or fungus.
  • the enzyme component comprises at least one protease and at least one other hydrolase, more preferably a mixture of at least one protease and at least one cellulase, lipase, glycosidase, amylase, chitinase, other protease, or mixture thereof.
  • Protease enzymes may be obtained from various commercial sources.
  • a preferred protease source is the mixture of proteases -- IUB 3.4.21.14 and IUB 3.4.24.4 — sold as Burcotase AL-25 and available from Burlington Chemical Co. of Burlington, North Carolina.
  • Preferably about 20% by weight or less of the composition will comprise enzymes, more preferably about 0.3-10%, even more preferably about 1-5%, and still more preferably about 5 % .
  • the enzyme(s) used in the composition of a preferred embodiment of the present method are dissolved or suspended in water. In an alternate embodiment, they may be dissolved or suspended in a solution comprising a detergent component.
  • the detergent component may comprise one or more surfactants — e.g., soap(s), — detergent builders, or mixtures thereof.
  • the surfactant may be one or more of the cationic, anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric, amphiphilic, or ampholytic surfactants, the soaps, or the mixtures thereof.
  • the detergent component will comprise at least one surfactant, more preferably at least one surfactant and at least one detergent builder, and even more preferably at least one detergent builder and a peppermint soap.
  • the detergent component will preferably comprise at least one each of anionic and nonionic surfactants, and a peppermint soap, and more preferably, at least one detergent builder, at least one each of anionic and nonionic surfactants, and a peppermint soap.
  • Preferred anionic surfactants include alkali metal-, alkaline earth metal-, ammonium-, and alky lammonium-carboxy late, -sarcosinate, -sulfonate, and -sulfate salts of saturated or unsaturated alkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl compounds. More preferred anionic surfactants include the salts of saturated and unsaturated alkyl alcohols, fats, fatty acids, and oils, including tallow or coconut, palm, castor, olive, or citrus oils.
  • anionic surfactants include the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, and alkylammonium salts of C 8 -C 20 alcohol sulfates and of C 8 -C 20 fatty acids.
  • Preferred nonionic surfactants include alkoxylated and polyalkoxylated compounds.
  • nonionic surfactants include ethoxylated- and polyethoxylated- alkylphenols, -alcohols, -polyols, -fatty acids, -fatty acid amides, and -carboxylic acids. Even more preferred nonionic surfactants include the alkylaryl polyethylene glycols, e.g., alkylphenyl ethers of polyethylene glycol.
  • Preferred soaps may be one or more of the natural soaps, neat soaps, insecticidal or antibacterial soaps; the oil soaps or castile soaps; the household or commercial cleaners or degreasers; the oil-spiked, extract-spiked, or saponified botanical oil-based soaps such as soaps comprising, e.g., an oil, saponified oil, or extract of citronella (or citronellol or rhodinol), pine (or terpineol), cedarwood, sandalwood, wormwood, lemon grass, citrus (e.g., lemon), lavender, eucalyptus, sassafras, neem tree, balsam, niaouli, cajeput, clove, cubeb, thyme, garlic, wintergreen, peppermint or another mint, American wormseed, Levant wormseed, Juniperus spp., or Chrysanthemum spp., or comprising,
  • Preferred detergent builders include the alkali metal-borates, -tripolyphosphates, -pyrophosphates, -phosphates, -sesquicarbonates, -carbonates, -silicates, -aluminosilicates, -nitrilotriacetates, -citrates, -EDTAtes, and mixtures thereof.
  • a most preferred builder is sodium borate.
  • the detergent component will make up about 85 % or less by dry weight of the composition.
  • about 85% or less by dry weight of surfactants are used in the composition, more preferably about 75% or less.
  • about half or more of the surfactants may preferably be anionic (at least about 50+25% by weight) and about half or less may preferably be nonionic (as much as about 50+25% by weight).
  • the composition may comprise, as part of the detergent component, preferably about 25% or less by dry weight of soap(s), more preferably about 5-15%, and still more preferably about 5-10% .
  • detergent component comprises detergent builder(s), either alone or together with surfactant(s), e.g., soap(s), preferably about 50% or less by dry weight of the composition comprises builder, more preferably about 2-10%, and still more preferably about 5%.
  • surfactant(s) e.g., soap(s)
  • a preferred mixture is Bacto-Zyme produced by International Enzymes, Inc. of Las Vegas, Nevada; other preferred enzyme mixtures are sold as the "150, " “150N,” “300,” and “300N” products available from Great Lakes Biosystems, Inc. of Kenosha, Wisconsin.
  • Bacto-Zyme comprises proteases, upases, cellulases, and amylases, among other enzymes. Such mixtures and products may be prepared according to the methods taught in U.S.
  • the simple sugar source may comprise a molasses and/or a sugar, e.g., raw or refined cane or beet sugar.
  • the simple sugar source is optional; when used, it may also be substituted or supplemented with kelp.
  • the starch source may be one or more fermentable carbohydrate sources, such as barley, wheat, oat, millet, rice, corn, tapioca, potato, sago, canna, dasheen, legume (i.e. bean or pea), or other cereal grain or plant carbohydrate storage organ malt or mash, or a mixture thereof.
  • barley malt or oat malt or a mixture thereof is utilized.
  • Fermentation may be carried out using a baker's or brewer's yeast, i.e. one or more strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, or mixtures thereof.
  • the composition will comprise preferably about 10-65% by dry weight (i.e. including the water content of molasses, but excluding the weight of added water) of it, more preferably about 20-50%, and still more preferably about 25-50%.
  • the commercially available enzyme and surfactant mixtures or the commercially available enzyme- containing fermentation products themselves ⁇ may be supplemented with any of the surfactants (e.g., soaps) and/or enzymes as described above.
  • enzyme-free fermentation products resulting from fermentation of any of the above-described starch sources, followed by purification to remove such enzymes may be supplemented with any of the surfactants (e.g., soaps) described above and any protease or a protease-other enzyme mixture as described above.
  • surfactants e.g., soaps
  • nitrogen source(s) of enzymes and/or surfactants various nitrogen source(s), acid source(s), buffer(s), oil(s), extract(s), and/or other additive(s) may also be included in the composition.
  • Preferred nitrogen sources include, but are not limited to, urea, ammonium sulfate, and mixtures thereof.
  • the nitrogen source may be present in amount up to about 45% by dry weight of the composition.
  • the composition comprises urea, it is preferably about 40% or less by dry weight of the composition, more preferably about 1-30%, even more preferably about 5-30%, still more preferably about 10-30%.
  • ammonium sulfate preferably about 30% or less by dry weight is present, more preferably about 0.5-30%, still more preferably 0.5-20%.
  • Preferred acid sources include, but are not limited to, one or more of acetic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, and phosphoric acid, ammonium and/or metal ion salts thereof, or mixtures thereof; more preferably, the acid source comprises citric acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, or a mixture thereof. Up to about 15% by weight of the composition may comprise an acid source. Where citric acid is used, it is preferably about 0.5-5% by dry weight of the composition, more preferably about 1-2%; where lactic acid is employed, it is preferably about 2-10% by dry weight, and more preferably about 4-8 % by dry weight.
  • oils and extracts include, but are not limited to: botanical oils and essential botanical extracts such as those of citronella (and citronellol and rhodinol), pine (and terpineol), and cedarwood, sandalwood, wormwood, lemon grass, citrus - e.g., lemon, - lavender, eucalyptus, sassafras, neem tree, balsam, niaouli, cajeput, clove, cubeb, thyme, garlic, wintergreen, peppermint and other mints, American wormseed, Levant wormseed, Juniperus spp., and Chrysanthemum spp.; menthol, menthane, sobrerol, camphor, and anethole; and mixtures thereof.
  • the composition may comprise preferably about 5% by weight of the composition or less of oil(s) and/or extract(s), more preferably about 0.1-5% by dry weight of the composition.
  • Water is also present in the composition.
  • the amount of water present in the composition may preferably range from about 60% to about 99.5% by weight of the composition.
  • compositions include, but are not limited to: alcohols, hydrogen peroxide, glycerin, and borax; sugar sources, e.g. , honey, sucrose, corn syrup, molasses, etc.; pest pheromones, pheromone analogs, and pheromone-type attractants, e.g., phoromone, 4-methyl-3-heptanone, and pest-attractive organoborane derivatives; pest hormones, growth regulators, and their analogs, e.g., methyl 12, 14-dihomojuvenate, methyl 12-homojuvenate, methoprene, hydropene, fenoxycarb, lufenuron, diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, and cyromazine; botanical pesticides, e.g., rotenone, ryania (and ryanodine), sabadilla, hellebore, limon
  • sugar sources e.g
  • Preferred aluminum compounds include, for example: aluminum-halogen compounds, such as A1C1 3 , AlCl 3 (H 2 O) 6 , Al 2 (OH) 5 Cl, AlCl 3 O 9 , and Al[CO(NH 2 ) 2 ] 6 SO 4 I 3 ; aluminum-silicon compounds, such as Al 2 (SiF 6 ) 3 and MgAl 2 (SiO 4 ) 2 ; aluminum hydroxides, e.g., Al(OH) 3 , and aluminum-containing organic compounds including carboxylates of the formula Al(OH) 3 .
  • aluminum-halogen compounds such as A1C1 3 , AlCl 3 (H 2 O) 6 , Al 2 (OH) 5 Cl, AlCl 3 O 9 , and Al[CO(NH 2 ) 2 ] 6 SO 4 I 3
  • aluminum-silicon compounds such as Al 2 (SiF 6 ) 3 and MgAl 2 (SiO 4 ) 2
  • aluminum hydroxides e.g., Al(OH)
  • n 1, 2, or 3 - e.g., aluminum diformate, diacetate, or subacetate - and A1 2 [C IO H 5 (OH)(SO 3 ) 2 ] 3 ; aluminum-carbonate compounds, such as Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 ; aluminum-phosphorous compounds, such as AlPO 4 ; aluminum-sulfates, e.g., Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , and alums, e.g., NaAl(SO 4 ) 2 ; aluminates, such as NaAlO 2 ; aluminum-nitrate compounds, such as Al(NO 3 ) 3 , Al(OH) 2 (NO 3 ), and Al(OH)(NO 3 ) 2 ; and mixtures thereof.
  • aluminum-carbonate compounds such as Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3
  • aluminum-phosphorous compounds such as AlPO 4
  • aluminum-sulfates e.g., Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3
  • alums e.g., Na
  • an aluminum compound may preferably be present at a concentration sufficient to provide about 1 % w/v or less of aluminum, more preferably about 0.5% w/v or less of aluminum.
  • the majority of the aluminum will be present in the form of dissolved aluminum ion, Al 3+ .
  • substantially all of the aluminum is present as dissolved Al 3+ , preferably about 0.4% w/v of aluminum may be used.
  • the pH of the composition may be controlled using the acids described above and may also be controlled using buffer systems such as are known in the art. It is usually desirable to maintain a pH of about 2 to about 12, and often preferable to maintain a pH of about 4 to about 10. Rarely, a pH of about 1 may be employed.
  • the pH of the composition may be tailored to the optimal point, i.e. pH or pH range, for enzymatic activity.
  • the pH may be acidified and/ or buffered either to the approximate optimal point for protease activity or to some optimal intermediate point when a mixture of enzymes is utilized.
  • a pH of about pH5 is frequently preferred as an approximate optimal point when acid proteases are used.
  • the optimal point for the protease mixture of Burcotase AL-25 is the range of about pH7 to about pHlO.
  • the enzymatic composition may be applied using any techniques known in the art. For example, it may be applied by spraying, pressurized spraying, streaming, injecting, pouring, soaking, flooding, splashing, splattering, sprinkling, dripping, drizzling, shampooing, foaming, washing, mopping, wiping, spreading, scattering, absorbing, adsorbing, misting, vaporizing, and/or fogging said composition, bathing and/or soaking in said composition, and/or retaining a pool of said composition.
  • Such preferred embodiments may further employ one or more baiting technique(s) in which a pest attractant (e.g., dry ice as a carbon dioxide attractant) is used in or in conjunction with said composition.
  • a pest attractant e.g., dry ice as a carbon dioxide attractant
  • the enzymatic composition must contact the body — e.g., head, thorax, and/or abdomen - of the pest for the method to work.
  • the concentration of the composition and/or the volume of composition to be applied may depend on the species of pest infesting the site to be treated.
  • Optimal mode(s) of application will vary with the type of pest and specific environmental conditions present at an infestation site. In some cases it is desirable to use a direct contact mode of application and, e.g., a spraying technique will be employed. Where pests are located in less accessible places such as in structural cracks in or behind structural gaps in a building, pavement, fixture, article of furniture, or in tree bark, either an injection or a pressurized spraying technique is typically preferred.
  • a preferred direct mode of application for structure damaging pests comprises injecting the composition, e.g., into "galleries" within the structure where the pest colonies are located.
  • a preferred technique involves shampooing and/or washing with said composition.
  • a preferred technique involves bathing and soaking in said composition.
  • Other preferred modes include indirect contact modes wherein the composition may be applied to a pest-accessible surface so that an insect or arachnid pest may "voluntarily" come into contact with the composition.
  • a water-trap technique may be preferred in which a container retaining a pool of the composition is set out and when the pest approaches the pool, it contacts the enzymatic composition or even falls into the pool, and drowns and/or is dissolved.
  • the composition is suffused or soaked into or onto a structural object such as a piece of wood which is within, or is placed within, the reach of the pests.
  • the structural object must be made of a pest-chewable substance, i.e.
  • the pest can come into contact with the enzymatic composition.
  • the indirect modes of application may also comprise baiting said composition by adding an insect or arachnid pest attractant to the composition or otherwise employing a pest attractant in conjunction with the composition.
  • the composition may comprise bait such as: a sweet attractant, e.g., a fermentation product or sugar source as described above; a pest pheromone-type attractant such as a pest pheromone, pheromone analog, or pheromone-type attractant as described above; a carbon dioxide attractant, e.g., chunks of dry ice or a stream of bottled carbon dioxide gas; and or a light attractant comprising a waterproof light, whether continuous or blinking, white or colored, may be added to the composition.
  • a sweet attractant e.g., a fermentation product or sugar source as described above
  • a pest pheromone-type attractant such as a pest pheromone, pheromone analog, or pheromone-type attractant as described above
  • a sweet or pheromone attractant such as dry ice, a candle flame or other combustion flame, or a stream of bottled carbon dioxide gas — and/or a light attractant — i.e. a continuous or a blinking light, whether white or colored (e.g. , green or "black” light) — is placed, e.g., adjacent to or above the composition.
  • a preferred baiting technique involves placing one or more pest pheromone packet(s), above the level of the composition, upon the inside walls of a container partially filled with the composition.
  • Another preferred baiting technique involves placing a continuous white or black light or a blinking green light above an open container of the composition.
  • a further preferred baiting technique comprises placing a candle or other combustion flame above a pool of the composition, e.g., by affixing a vertically standing candle to the bottom of the composition-containing pool, or where a ring-shaped container is employed, placing the burning candle or other combustion flame within the ring.
  • the site of the attractant may, additionally or alternatively, be periodically sprayed, misted, or fogged with the composition.
  • the method of the present invention has been found effective against invertebrate pests at all stages of development, from egg to larva to adult. In many cases it is also effective at dissolving the nest of the pest: for example, paper wasp nests and the immature pests they contain can be disintegrated on contact.
  • a non-exhaustive list of pests which have been successfully eradicated by the method of the present invention includes black ants, fire ants, carpenter ants, Pharaoh ants, termites, roaches (all varieties tested), bark lice, book lice, hair lice, crab lice, body lice, louse nits, fleas, scabies, psocids, scale insects, bees, wasps, hornets, yellowjackets, bedbugs, earwigs, silverfish, springtails, sowbugs, pillbugs, millipedes, centipedes, gnats, fungus gnats, midges, dust mites, chiggers, bird mites, skin mites, spider mites, spiders, scorpions, mosquitoes, fruit flies, horse flies, deer flies, house flies, maggots, sewer flies, black flies, moths, fabric moths, gypsy
  • the method of the present invention has also been found effective at decreasing or eliminating the incidence of allergic reaction to dust. Although not wishing to be bound to any particular theory, it is believed that this decreased incidence of allergic reaction may be due to the enzyme's or enzymes' degradation of allergenic dust mite proteins.
  • the method of the present invention has also been found effective against microbe pests including bacteria, algae, and fungi.
  • microbe pests including bacteria, algae, and fungi.
  • algae and organic debris present as undesireable material filling ponds have been eliminated by applying the enzyme- containing composition of the present invention to the pond water and mixing it therewith.
  • this effect is a result of the enzymes or enzymes' destruction of, e.g., the algal mats by degrading the cell walls of the algae and the peptidomucous making up these mats.
  • the method of the present invention has been found effective at eliminating fungal infestations.
  • application of the enzyme-containing composition according to the method of the present invention has eliminated: powdery mildew, copper spot, sooty mold, Pythium blight, fruit rot molds, Fusarium, Septoria leaf spot, Puccinia spp. rusts, and various smuts from growing plants; and ringworm fungus, athlete's foot fungus, and jungle rot fungus infestations from mammals.
  • Such treatment has also been found effective to control scalpal, fungal seborrheic dermatitis on mammals.
  • Application of the enzyme-containing composition of the present invention has also been found to eliminate the incidence of (airborne) fungal-based allergic reactions in the indoor environment.
  • the enzyme-containing pesticidal composition has been found to kill soft-shelled pests including aphids, leaf miners, and mites, while having little or no effect on either beetles, such as the beneficial lady bug beetles, nor Aschersonia species of beneficial fungi.
  • the enzyme-containing, pesticidal composition has been found to kill soft-shelled pests including aphids, leaf miners, and mites, while having little or no effect on either beetles, such as the beneficial lady bug beetles, nor Aschersonia species of beneficial fungi.
  • beetles were destroyed.
  • Example 1 A solution of Bacto-Zyme cleaner (containing enzyme(s) and surfactant(s)) was prepared by combining 1 part by volume of Bacto-Zyme with 8 parts by volume water and a sprayer was filled with this solution.
  • a grammar school building in which a 4 inch wide column of army ants extended throughout the entire length of the main hallway was sprayed and the column was sprayed back to the ants' point of entry, which was also copiously sprayed. The ants were dissolved on contact and their scent trail was apparently destroyed, as no further ants appeared following treatment.
  • Example 2 A solution of Bacto-Zyme cleaner (containing enzyme(s) and surfactant(s)) was prepared by combining 1 part by volume of Bacto-Zyme with 8 parts by volume water and a sprayer was filled with this solution.
  • a grammar school building in which a 4 inch wide column of army ants extended throughout the entire length of the main hallway was sprayed and the column was sprayed back to the ants' point of entry, which was also
  • Example 3 A solution as prepared in Example 1 was sprayed throughout a grammar school building in which roaches, at night, were seen to be covering over 75 % of available wall and floor surfaces, in spite of heavy, regular applications of traditional pesticides. The roaches were quickly dissolved. Copious spraying was then continued in and around the sinks, drains, and structural cracks and gaps of the building. No live roaches were noted in the building for approximately 3 months thereafter.
  • a concentrated solution was prepared as follows. 5% by weight of Burcotase AL- 25 was dissolved in a castile soap solution comprising 5 % by weight of sodium borate and 5% peppermint oil. This concentrate was diluted 1 part in 4 with water to form a working solution. This solution was sprayed in an elementary school building which was heavily and regularly treated ⁇ to no avail - with traditional pesticides to combat a round-the-clock Oriental roach infestation. The drains, gaps, cracks, and the areas beneath the sinks were also copiously sprayed according to the method of the present invention, and the carpeted areas were shampooed therewith. No more roaches appeared for over 4 months following treatment.
  • Example 5 A 10 gallon carboy was filled with a solution as prepared in Example 1. An anthill 5 feet in diameter, housing a large black ant colony in a farm field was soaked with the enzymatic solution. The colony was completely destroyed and the anthill collapsed on itself.
  • Example 5
  • Example 6 A pharmacy which had a persistent drug store beetle infestation under the surface of the countertop was sprayed with the solution as prepared in Example 1 and the solution was injected into the space beneath the countertop. In spite of the resilience of this species of beetle (they are known to eat strychnine and pyrethrin-type pesticides), the method of the present invention permanently eliminated this entrenched infestation.
  • Example 6 A pharmacy which had a persistent drug store beetle infestation under the surface of the countertop was sprayed with the solution as prepared in Example 1 and the solution was injected into the space beneath the countertop. In spite of the resilience of this species of beetle (they are known to eat strychnine and pyrethrin-type pesticides), the method of the present invention permanently eliminated this entrenched infestation.
  • Example 6 A pharmacy which had a persistent drug store beetle infestation under the surface of the countertop was sprayed with the solution as prepared in Example 1 and the solution was injected into the space beneath the countertop. In spite of the resilience of this
  • a house with a Pharaoh ant infestation was treated according to the method of the present invention.
  • Prior, traditional pesticide treatment of the single colony living within the confines of the house had, predictably, triggered the natural response of this species to divide the colony.
  • Treatment of the infestation with the solution as prepared in Example 1, according to the method of the present invention eliminated all three colonies and no colony subdivisions were formed.
  • the method of the present invention works as follows.
  • the protease(s) may directly attack the protein zipper which holds the halves of the insect or arachnid exoskeleton together, normally until molting begins, or may attack the substance of the proteinaceous body of other invertebrate, e.g. , mollusk, pests.
  • the use of a detergent component in the enzymatic composition may enhance this action by allowing the composition to penetrate any waxy cuticle or proteinaceous coating covering the body of the pest. This appears to permit the enzyme(s) of the composition to penetrate to the exoskeleton or body itself.
  • cellulase(s), amylase(s), glycosidase(s), and/or chitinase(s) are used along with the protease(s), they may directly attack the matrix of the insect, arachnid, or crustacean exoskeleton, which is often composed of chitin, a cellulose derivative.
  • the differing types and/or thicknesses of exoskeleton in different pest species may account for the need to apply a greater volume or concentration of the composition in some cases than in others.
  • the enzymes therein may also cause internal degradation in the pest.
  • the method of the present invention is typically self- cleaning, thus helping to provide residual non-toxicity.
  • composition utilized in the present method may be solutions or suspensions of one or more of the commercially available protease enzyme-containing products, such as enzyme-containing meat tender izers, digestive aids, fabric detergents, stain removers, dishwashing products, household cleaners, water treatments, sewage treatments, and so forth. Variations such as these are considered to be within the scope of the invention, which is intended to be limited only to the scope of the claims and the reasonably equivalent materials and methods to those defined therein.
  • the foregoing examples illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention. Various changes can be made without departing from the invention as defined in the appended claims, which are to be interpreted in accordance with the principles of patent law including the Doctrine of Equivalents.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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  • Public Health (AREA)
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  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés destinés à exterminer des ennemis des cultures à l'aide de compositions renfermant au moins une protéase. Un composant de détergent peut également être utilisé dans de telles compositions.
EP98905978A 1997-01-09 1998-01-08 Pesticide biologique Pending EP0973542A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3474097P 1997-01-09 1997-01-09
US34740P 1997-01-09
PCT/US1998/001137 WO1998030236A1 (fr) 1997-01-09 1998-01-08 Pesticide biologique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0973542A1 true EP0973542A1 (fr) 2000-01-26
EP0973542A4 EP0973542A4 (fr) 2004-04-21

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EP98905978A Pending EP0973542A4 (fr) 1997-01-09 1998-01-08 Pesticide biologique

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EP (1) EP0973542A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU737578B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2274512C (fr)
WO (1) WO1998030236A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2921601A (en) * 1999-11-05 2001-05-14 Nature Plus Inc. Improved nit removal product
EP1728431A1 (fr) * 2002-08-28 2006-12-06 KAPITZ, Carl-Heinz Utilisation de protéases pour la décomposition d'allergenes
MX2014006815A (es) * 2011-12-19 2014-10-24 Novozymes Bioag As Metodos y composiciones de biopesticidas.
KR20130073674A (ko) * 2011-12-23 2013-07-03 씨제이제일제당 (주) 폴리에틸렌 글리콜계 비이온성 계면 활성제를 이용한 균체의 사멸화 방법 및 그 사멸화 균체
US10743535B2 (en) 2017-08-18 2020-08-18 H&K Solutions Llc Insecticide for flight-capable pests
CN112602730B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-08-17 彭氏(惠州)实业发展有限公司 一种除螨喷雾及其制备方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184288A1 (fr) * 1984-10-23 1986-06-11 Schering Agrochemicals Limited Herbicides, insecticides et fongicides
WO1990003732A1 (fr) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-19 Novo Nordisk A/S Preparations a action fongicide
WO1991002459A1 (fr) * 1989-08-18 1991-03-07 University Of Florida Nouveaux procedes et nouvelles compositions de maitrise de champignons et de bacteries
DE4236064A1 (de) * 1991-10-24 1993-05-06 Adalbert 8261 Reischach De Hayduk Selektiv-toxisches mittel und seine verwendung

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9013220D0 (en) * 1990-06-13 1990-08-01 Wellcome Found Pesticidal formulations
CN1105515A (zh) * 1994-01-17 1995-07-26 谢雅迈 酶硫菊酯杀虫剂

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184288A1 (fr) * 1984-10-23 1986-06-11 Schering Agrochemicals Limited Herbicides, insecticides et fongicides
WO1990003732A1 (fr) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-19 Novo Nordisk A/S Preparations a action fongicide
WO1991002459A1 (fr) * 1989-08-18 1991-03-07 University Of Florida Nouveaux procedes et nouvelles compositions de maitrise de champignons et de bacteries
DE4236064A1 (de) * 1991-10-24 1993-05-06 Adalbert 8261 Reischach De Hayduk Selektiv-toxisches mittel und seine verwendung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO9830236A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998030236A1 (fr) 1998-07-16
CA2274512A1 (fr) 1998-07-16
AU6133398A (en) 1998-08-03
EP0973542A4 (fr) 2004-04-21
CA2274512C (fr) 2007-10-30
AU737578B2 (en) 2001-08-23

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