EP0971179A1 - Wärmetauscher und Heizgerät mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher und Heizgerät mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0971179A1
EP0971179A1 EP99202199A EP99202199A EP0971179A1 EP 0971179 A1 EP0971179 A1 EP 0971179A1 EP 99202199 A EP99202199 A EP 99202199A EP 99202199 A EP99202199 A EP 99202199A EP 0971179 A1 EP0971179 A1 EP 0971179A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
duct
flue
heat exchanger
water
water duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99202199A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan Hubertus Deckers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Holding Jh Deckers Nv
Original Assignee
Holding Jh Deckers Nv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Holding Jh Deckers Nv filed Critical Holding Jh Deckers Nv
Publication of EP0971179A1 publication Critical patent/EP0971179A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/287—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged in line with the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
    • F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a heat exchanger for use in a heating apparatus, comprising a burner space, a flue duct connected to the burner space, and a water duct.
  • a heat exchanger is known from practice.
  • This known heat exchanger comprises a plate-shaped part in which a meandering water duct is included which extends between a first end and a second end.
  • a flue duct Arranged next to the plate-shaped part, and adjacent thereto, is a flue duct, likewise meandering, which extends between the burner space and a flue discharge.
  • the water duct and the flue duct are then located substantially in parallel planes.
  • Such a heat exchanger has as a disadvantage that a relatively small contact surface exists between, on the one hand, the flue duct and, on the other, the water duct, so that during use such a heat exchanger has a relatively low efficiency, in particular relative to the total mass of the heat exchanger in question.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger of the type described in the preamble, whereby the disadvantages mentioned are obviated, while maintaining the advantages thereof.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized by the features according to claim 1.
  • the advantage is achieved that in a heat exchanger of the same mass a greater contact surface can be obtained between the water duct and the flue duct than in a heat exchanger of the above-mentioned, known kind.
  • a better heat exchange is obtained between the heated flue gases and the water to be heated, so that efficiency is improved and moreover convenience is increased.
  • the advantage can be achieved that the water duct portions in question are better insulated, so that less of the absorbed heat is released to the surroundings again, which has likewise an efficiency-enhancing effect.
  • a further advantage of a heat exchanger according to the present invention is that the heat exchanger can be made of relatively compact design, which is technically advantageous in terms of space.
  • the flue duct can be made relatively long in proportion to the overall height of the heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized by the features according to claim 4.
  • the advantage is achieved that a water duct and/or a flue duct of a relatively great length can be provided in a heat exchanger of relatively small outside dimensions, while involving intensive contact between the flue duct and the water duct.
  • This advantage is enhanced still further by a series of first and second portions of the water duct and the flue duct, respectively, arranged in mutually mirrored relation.
  • the main plane extends in a direction approximately perpendicular to a bottom surface of the burner space, but the main plane can also extend in a different direction and may, for instance, be singly or doubly curved.
  • the main plane can also consist of a number of main subplanes mutually including an angle, for instance, extending zigzag or taking an otherwise angular form.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention is further characterized by the features according to claim 5.
  • the mutual connection of the wall portions of the water duct portions, while between the connecting parts flue gas passages are provided, provides the advantage that during use a still better contact is obtained between, on the one hand, the heated flue gases and, on the other, the water to be heated. Moreover, as a result, in a relatively simple manner, a constructionally favorable connection between the different parts is obtained.
  • the connecting elements as partitions or the like, advantageous use can be made of a regular material thickness in the heat exchanger, so that, for instance, heat stresses are limited or prevented.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention is further characterized by the features according to claim 7.
  • a heat exchanger according to the present invention is preferably manufactured by casting from a light metal or a light metal alloy. This provides the advantage that a particularly favorable ratio is obtained between the total mass of the heat exchanger, the heat transferring surface between the water duct and the flue duct, and the heat capacity of the heat exchanger.
  • aluminum or an aluminum alloy is then advantageous because of the favorable material properties in connection with flue gases and water, the suitable coefficient of heat conduction, cost price and processability.
  • the invention further relates to a heating apparatus comprising a heat exchanger according to the present invention.
  • a heating apparatus is characterized according to the invention by the features according to claim 11.
  • covering parts for covering or clearing, as desired, parts of the flue duct
  • the thus accessed portion of at least the flue duct can be readily inspected and cleaned, whereafter the covering part can be re-placed for sealing the flue duct portion in question.
  • deposits of, for instance, soot in the flue duct can thereby be readily removed, which leads to better performance of the heat exchanger. What is thereby, at least largely, prevented is that the NO x and the CO 2 contents in the flue gases become unacceptable during use.
  • a heating apparatus according to the present invention is preferably designed to be of the condensing type.
  • a heat exchanger 1 comprises a burner space 2 having a substantially cylindrical wall 4, a top face 6 and a bottom face 8. Connected to the bottom face 8 is a body 10 which comprises a water duct 12 and a flue duct 14, as will be further elucidated. Around the wall 4 of the burner space 2 extends an auxiliary water duct 16, which links up via a bend part 18 with a first end 20 of the water duct 12.
  • the body 10 comprises a main plane V.
  • the body 10 comprises a first water duct portion 12a, which extends horizontally during use, and a second 12b, third 12c and fourth water duct portion 12d, the four water duct portions extending parallel to each other.
  • Next to each water duct portion 12a-d extends an adjacent flue duct portion 14a-d.
  • a first, upper position 22, which is located against the burner space 2, comprises the first water duct portion 12a and the first flue duct portion 14a; the adjacent, at least subjacent, position 24 comprises the second water duct portion 12b and the second flue duct portion 14b; the third position 26 comprises the third water duct portion 12c and the third flue duct portion 14c; and the lowermost, fourth position 28 comprises the fourth water duct portion 12d and the fourth flue duct portion 14d.
  • the flue duct portions 14a and 14c lie on the right side of the main plane V, while the water duct portions 12a and 12c, respectively, lie on the left side of the flue duct portions 14a, 14c in question.
  • the position of the water duct portions 12b, 12d and flue duct portions 14b, 14d is mirrored relative to the main plane, with respect to the first 22 and third position 26.
  • the flue duct 14 connects to a flue discharge 30. Viewed from the burner space 2 in the direction of the flue discharge 30, the flue duct portions 14a-d therefore lie alternately on opposite sides of the main plane V.
  • the flue duct 14 therefore has a meandering configuration having, during use, alternately a vertical flue duct portion 14a-d and a horizontal flue duct portion which comprises the flue passage 32, 34 and 36, respectively.
  • the flue passages 32-36 there are included between the adjacent water duct portions 12 a number of ribs or partitions 38, or like provisions, which extend parallel to each other, perpendicular to the direction of flow of the water duct portions 12 in question. As a result, moreover, the water duct portions 12 and the flue duct portions 14 are physically connected with each other. Between the partitions 38, the flue passages 32 are formed.
  • Each water duct portion 2a-d is therefore surrounded on three sides by the flue duct 14.
  • a number of heat transferring surface enlarging elements in particular projections 42, are arranged in a pattern of mutually staggered rows and columns.
  • the projections 42 extend preferably perpendicularly to the wall portion in question, perpendicular to the direction of flow through the flue duct portion 14 in question and parallel to the direction of flow through the flue passages 32.
  • the water duct portions 12a-12d are mutually connected by three U-shaped bend parts 44, which are arranged alternately on the left and right side of the body 10 and extend outside the describing lines of the flue duct 14.
  • the water duct 12 in the elevation shown in Fig. 1, has a meandering configuration between the first end 20 and a water inlet 46, to which a return duct of a heating circuit may be connected, as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the auxiliary water duct 16 is provided, adjacent the upper end, with a second connection opening 48, to which a supply duct of a heating circuit can be connected, as likewise shown in Fig. 5.
  • a pump (not shown) may be included in the line 62, for the purpose of pumping water through the heating circuit.
  • this pump may also be fitted directly to the heat exchanger, for instance instead of the lowermost connecting bend part 44 represented on the left in Fig. 1, opposite the water inlet 46.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 schematically show the fan 56, 156, which extends above the heat exchanger. It is also possible, however, to arrange the fan at a different position, for instance next to the burner chamber 2, while a suitable connecting piece can be arranged between the burner 54, 154 and the fan 56, 156. As a consequence, the overall height can be reduced.
  • the water duct 12 and the flue duct 14 are very intimately interwoven in the body 10.
  • the water duct 12 meanders in, at least parallel to, the plane V, while the flue duct 14 meanders in, at least parallel to, a plane K, the planes V and K being mutually perpendicular.
  • a flue gas inlet opening 50 is provided, of a substantially rectangular cross section.
  • a closing plate 52 is included in the bottom 8, which is removable for inspection of the burner space 2.
  • the body 10 in the embodiment shown has a substantially rectangular cross section. This cross section, viewed in top plan view, lies completely within the circumference of the burner space.
  • a heat exchanger according to the present invention is preferably manufactured in one piece by casting. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the heat exchanger can rapidly and simply be manufactured accurately, without different parts needing to be built together, so that the risk of, for instance, leaking gaskets is eliminated.
  • a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention can be used as follows.
  • the heat exchanger 1 as schematically shown in Fig. 5, is received within a housing 3, represented by a chain-dotted line, while in the burner space 2 a burner 54 is received, for instance with a cylindrical burner surface.
  • a fan 56 is connected for premixing air and gas.
  • a suitable opening 58 is provided in the top wall 6 of the burner space 2 .
  • a chimney 60 is connected to the flue discharge 30 in the flue discharge 30 in the flue discharge.
  • the inlet opening 46 and the outlet opening 48 of the water passage made up of the water duct 12, the bend pieces 44, the bend part 18 and the auxiliary water duct 16 are connected, respectively, to the return duct 62 and the supply duct 64 of a space heating circuit 66 with heating elements 68 included therein, schematically represented in Fig. 5.
  • flue gases heated with the burner 54 are produced, which, partly under the influence of the fan 56, are forced from the burner space 2 through the flue gas inlet opening 50 into the flue duct 14 and, meandering therein, led to the flue discharge 30 and the chimney 60.
  • covering parts 70 are arranged, which close off the flue duct 14 from the surroundings, which covering parts 70 are easily removable for clearing a flue duct portion 14a-14d located behind them.
  • the flue duct 14 can be easily cleaned and inspected, for instance for removing deposits such as soot, in order to ensure optimum functioning of the heat exchanger.
  • inferior fuel, or fuel of varying quality, is used in the burner 54, this is of particular importance.
  • the heat exchanger comprises two juxtaposed bodies 110, which are identical. It will be clear that it is also possible, as desired, to use one such body 110 or several of them in one heat exchanger, depending on the desired capacity.
  • the bodies 110 are connected to each other in a manner known per se, for instance by clamped joints, bolt connections or the like, preferably such that the bodies 110 can be separated from each other for maintenance.
  • Each body 110 again comprises four water duct portions 112a-112d, which are located above each other in mutually staggered relation, mirrored relative to a main plane V, each with an adjacent flue duct portion 114a-114d.
  • the walls of the adjacent water duct portions 112 are again mutually connected by partitions 138 extending parallel to each other.
  • each water duct portion 12 has a substantially rectangular cross section with four flat wall portions 13.
  • the water duct portions 12a-12d are at a mutual distance H, viewed parallel to the plane V, which distance corresponds with the height H1 of the partitions 38 and the wall thickness of the facing wall portions 13a, 13b of the relevant water duct portions 12.
  • the water duct portions 112a-112d have a hexagonal cross section, in that two corners 115 thereof, located adjacent the main plane V, are beveled. Further, the water duct portions are so positioned relative to each other that the facing beveled corners 115 are located approximately straight above each other and are connected with each other by the partitions 138.
  • the proximal wall portions 113a, 113b of the water duct portions are located approximately in line with each other, so that the water duct portions can be stacked somewhat more closely on top of each other than in the embodiment described earlier, while the flue duct 114 has a great length and, as a consequence of the relatively gentle bends, has a low flow resistance.
  • the flue duct portions on the facing sides of the two bodies 110 are closed off by oppositely located vertical wall portions 113c of corresponding water duct portions, so that closed flue ducts 114 are obtained.
  • the flue duct portions in question are rendered accessible for inspection and maintenance.
  • a particularly compact heat exchanger is obtained, having a very large heat exchanging surface and a simple construction.
  • a heat exchanger has a particularly high efficiency during use.
  • a flue gas inlet opening 150 is provided, while the two flue ducts 114 are mutually connected adjacent their lower end and link up with the flue discharge 130.
  • a heat exchanger can include several flue ducts and/or water ducts in mutually interwoven configuration.
  • the main plane, or each main plane can be, for instance, singly or doubly curved.
  • the main plane can extend like the circumferential surface of a cylinder, parallel to the outer wall of the burner chamber, at least with a centerline extending parallel to a longitudinal direction of the burner space.
  • the flue passages between each first and second position are then oriented substantially radially, the direction of flow of each water duct is approximately axial, and the direction of flow of each flue duct portion is substantially parallel to the circumferential surface.
  • the body can be positioned differently with respect to the burner space, for instance rotated through an angle in the main plane V.
  • the heat transferring surface enlarging elements can be differently designed, for instance as ribs, fins or the like.
  • a heating apparatus according to the present invention can be of condensing design, while at the lower end of the heating apparatus, in a manner known per se, a siphon or the like may be connected for discharging condensate.
  • more or fewer water duct portions can be provided, which, moreover, can have cross sections of a different nature, for instance oval, circular, or polygonal, while the covering parts may also be included between the water duct portions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
EP99202199A 1998-07-06 1999-07-06 Wärmetauscher und Heizgerät mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad Withdrawn EP0971179A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1009570 1998-07-06
NL1009570A NL1009570C2 (nl) 1998-07-06 1998-07-06 Warmtewisselaar en verwarmingsinrichting met verbeterd rendement.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0971179A1 true EP0971179A1 (de) 2000-01-12

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EP99202199A Withdrawn EP0971179A1 (de) 1998-07-06 1999-07-06 Wärmetauscher und Heizgerät mit verbessertem Wirkungsgrad

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EP (1) EP0971179A1 (de)
NL (1) NL1009570C2 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1146307A2 (de) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-17 Caradon Ideal Limited Wärmetauscher
US20100000725A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2010-01-07 Karel Hubau Heat exchanger and heating apparatus provided therewith
ITBO20100636A1 (it) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-22 Gas Point S R L Scambiatore di calore, in particolare per caldaie a condensazione

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3022652A1 (de) * 1980-06-18 1981-12-24 Koch Dieter Walter Heizkessel
DE3807194A1 (de) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-22 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Waermetauscher, insbesondere fuer wasserheizer

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3022652A1 (de) * 1980-06-18 1981-12-24 Koch Dieter Walter Heizkessel
DE3807194A1 (de) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-22 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Waermetauscher, insbesondere fuer wasserheizer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1146307A2 (de) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-17 Caradon Ideal Limited Wärmetauscher
EP1146307A3 (de) * 2000-04-14 2004-01-21 Caradon Ideal Limited Wärmetauscher
US20100000725A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2010-01-07 Karel Hubau Heat exchanger and heating apparatus provided therewith
ITBO20100636A1 (it) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-22 Gas Point S R L Scambiatore di calore, in particolare per caldaie a condensazione
WO2012052977A3 (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-06-21 Gas Point S.R.L. Heat exchanger, in particular for condensing boilers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1009570C2 (nl) 2000-01-10

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